2026届高考英语二轮复习：宾语从句课件 (共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
宾语从句
什么是宾语从句？
We know him．
We know (that) he likes English.
主
主
谓
谓
宾语从句
宾
简单句
复合句
在主从复合句中，充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句
宾
主句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，在复合句中充当宾语成分，位于及物动词、介词或形容词之后，分为动词宾语从句、介词宾语从句和形容词宾语从句三类。 其核心特征包括使用陈述语序、引导词选择（如that、if/whether或wh-词）及严格的时态规则（主句现在时从句时态不限，主句过去时从句用过去时，客观事实用现在时） 。
一、宾语从句概念
宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句，位于及物动词、介词或形容词后。例如：
1.动词宾语从句：
She knew that the teacher had seen the film.
I think that he is right.
2.介词宾语从句：
I agree with what you said.
She learned a lot from what he said.
3.形容词宾语从句：
I am afraid that I will be late.
定义与分类
二、宾语从句的引导词
1).that
2).whether/if
3)what, who, which, whose
4)when, where, why, how
1. That
1)连接主句和从句 2) 不作成分 3) 无实际意义 4)可以省略
He said (that) he was excited.
The child admitted that he stole the cookie.
I know that patience has its limits.
2.Whether/if
1) 连接主从 2)不作成分 3) 意为：是否连接词
whether起连接作用，有词汇意义“是否”，不做成分，引导宾语从句时不能省略。
eg. Mary asked if/whether you had ever been abroad.
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。
I wonder whether it is true or not.
用if 引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if 而用whether。
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
3.Wh- 连接代词
who/what/which/whom/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever起连接作用，提示从句开始。有词汇意义，不能省略。在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
Dad cannot remember what Mom wants for Christmas.
My dog will eat whatever food I give him. Did you notice who broke the window
My coworker hates whoever keeps leaving the photocopier on.
I wanted to know which school it was you went to.
Choose whichever brand you prefer.
I wonder whose this is.
who：谁
whom：谁（宾格）
whose：谁的。
what：什么。
whoever：无论谁。
whomever：无论谁（宾格）
whosever：无论谁的
whatever：无论什么whichever：无论哪一个
连接代词一般指疑问，但 what、whatever 除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。
3.Wh- 连接副词
连接副词when, where, how, why，whenever, however, wherever等在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语 起连接作用，提示从句开始，有词汇意义，不能省略。
I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up.
The old man knew where the treasure was kept.
Tell me why you did it.
I'll show you how to load the software.
when：何时 where：何地 why：为何 how：如何。
whenever：无论何时 wherever：无论何地。however：无论如何
1. 连接词that与连接代词what
类别 含义
that 无词义，仅起连接作用。在从句中不充当任何成分。在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。解题时看从句是否结构完整。
I heard (that) the meeting was cancelled.
I know that he is a teacher.
what 在从句中作“主语、宾语、表语”等。表示“所......的事物”，有实际含义。绝对不可省略。解题看从句中是否缺少主语或宾语等句子成分。
例1.She explained what had happened.
Can you remember what she said
三、宾语从句的重难点
1.看从句结构：如果宾语从句结构完整，不缺少主语或宾语，就用that, 且常可省略。
I heard (that ) he was in Beijing. 我听说他在北京。从句主系表成分齐全。
2. 看句意：如果意思是“所......的某事/物”，且从句中明显缺少一个成分，就用what。
I heard what you said. 我听到了你所说的话。从句you said后面却宾语。
1.The student completed this experiment to make come true ________ Professor Joseph had said.
2. I think ________ you can finish the work on time.
what
that
2 .不能省略 that 的宾语从句 .
The research shows _____ boys are better at math and ____ girls are better at English.
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our headmaster was wearing his coat and his black silk cap.
He thought that that would be a good chance for him to go to visit the world-famous scientist
(that)
that
1.动词后面有多个that引导宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省，从第二个开始that不可以省。
2.主句谓语和宾语从句之间有插入语或主句的状语时，宾语从句前的 that 不能省去。
3.在宾语从句中，that 之后紧接作主语或作定语的 that（或 this）时，that 不能省略。
3.只能用whether不能用if的情况:
His article is very good except that there are only a few unfit sentences.
4.介词 except，but，in 等后的宾语从句不能省去 that,that引导的宾语从句一般不可做介词宾语 但 except，but，in 属于特例.
①在介词后面: I'm thinking of whether we should go fishing.
②在动词不定式前: They asked me whether to go skating.
③当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I don't know whether he's free or not.
④放在句首时: Whether this is true or not, I can't say.
4.感叹句用于宾语从句.
1.主句+what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。
感叹句用于宾语从句时，用陈述语序；what的中心名词必须是名词；名词区分不可数名词以及可数名词单复数。
She said what a lovely song it was.
I know what an interesting book you have bought!
2.主句+how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
例1. She thought how beautiful the city was.
例2.We are talking about how amazing the movie is.
5. it充当形式宾语的句式.
1. 动词 + it +形容词/名词+从句
常用于该句型的动词有find, think, consider, make, feel等，it作形式宾语，后面的that从句是真正的宾语。
I find it important that we should protect the environment.
2. 动词短语+ it +that从句
常用于该句型的动词短语有depend on, rely on, count on, answer for等，it作形式宾语，后面的that从句是真正的宾语。
You may depend on it that he will come to help you.
3. 动词+ it +从句
常用于该句型的动词短语有like, hate, appreciate等，it作形式宾语，后面的从句是真正的宾语。
I don't like it when people talk with their mouths full.
单句语法填空
1.English learning websites provide a list of sources to show their information came from.
2. My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see _________ ___ we could book a farmhouse.
3．We must make it clear to the public __something should be done to stop pollution.
4.Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
where
if/whether
what
that
Summary.
1.确定从句类型:设空处无提示词，先根据主句的主谓结构确定从句类型。
2.确定连接词:
(1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。
(2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。
(2)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether 。
(3)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where(表地点)、when(表时间)、how(表方式)、why(表原因)等。
1.(2024新课标I卷)On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in_________is now northwestern Wyoming.
2.Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
3.Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century.
A．where B．whether C．whose D．which
真题lianjie
what可在宾语从句中充当主语，意为“……的地方/事物”
what
what
B
thank you