2025北京东直门中学高三（上）期中英语（PDF版，含答案）

2025北京东直门中学高三（上）期中
英 语
2025.11
考试时间：90 分钟 总分 100 分
班级________ 姓名________ 学号________
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year at Christmas time my wife and I were in France. For five wretched (恶劣的) days everything had gone
____1____. On Christmas Eve, there was no Christmas ____2____ in our hearts.
It was raining and cold when we went out to eat. Only five tables in the restaurant were ____3____. There were
two German couples, two French families, and an American sailor ____4____ himself. In the corner a piano player
unenthusiastically played Christmas music.
I looked around and noticed that the other customers were eating in stony ____5____. The only person who
seemed happy was the American sailor, who was writing a letter, and a half-smile lighted his face.
Then came an old flower woman. Carrying her basket of flowers, she went from one table to another. But no
one bought any.
Before the young sailor left, he walked over to the flower woman.
“Merry Christmas,” he said, smiling and picking out two flowers. Pressing the smaller flower flat, he put it into
the ____6____ he had written, and then handed the woman a twenty franc note.
“I don’t have change,” she said.
“No, ma’am,” said the sailor, leaning over and kissing the ____7____ cheek. “This is my Christmas present to
you.”
____8____ the other flower in front of him, he came to our table. In one quick motion he gave my wife the
flower, wished us a Merry Christmas, and departed.
Everyone had been watching the sailor. A few seconds later, Christmas ____9____ throughout the restaurant
like a bomb.
The miserable evening ____10____ being the very best Christmas Eve we had ever experienced just because of
a young sailor who had Christmas spirit in his soul. He gave us Christmas.
1. A. smoothly B. quickly C. wrong D. well
2. A. dinner B. party C. tree D. spirit
3. A. occupied B. wiped C. cleared D. left
4. A. on B. by C. for D. to
5. A. silence B. excitement C. despair D. astonishment
6. A. application B. letter C. poem D. resume
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7. A. rosy B. smooth C. sunken D. flushed
8. A. Shaking B. Moving C. Holding D. Packing
9. A. caught B. touched C. affected D. exploded
10. A. turned up B. ended up C. set up D. took up
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When the girls on the school softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, Taylor watched
her teammate Paris play. Suddenly, Paris ____11____(fall) to the ground with the eyes rolling back. Then the softball
coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR ” To do CPR, you press on the sick person's chest so that blood moves
through the body and takes oxygen to organs. ____12____ oxygen, the brain would be damaged quickly. Amazingly,
Taylor ____13____(take) a CPR course the day before so she ran to Paris immediately and began doing CPR. Luckily,
the girl was saved.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Jiangsu City Super League also called the “Suchao” attracts thousands of players and fans every year. Many
matches ____14____ (hold) on weekends, providing exciting entertainment for families and friends who gather to
cheer for their favorite teams. Having grown rapidly in recent years, the league now includes over 100 teams
____15____ (compete) in various divisions. Broadcast online and covered by local media, the League helps discover
talented players who may later join professional clubs. With its rapid ____16____ (grow), it has become an important
part of Jiangsu's football culture.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
It can be easy for teenagers to form bad habits in seeking independence. These bad habits, if ____17____ (leave)
unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. For example, some may become involved in
tobacco or alcohol abuse, ____18____, most experts believe, can possibly lead to physical and mental health
problems. To change these bad habits is never easy. In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made
by ____19____ (we). We make a choice to do something, and then repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice
becomes a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change it, if we understand ___20___
habits work.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
第2页/共11页
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
A
Disinformation, which is false information spread on purpose, has become a cause of concern recently. In
response to this rising global threat, the United Nations Information Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be
organizing a two-day conference, DISINFO PACIFIC, on November 11 and 12, 2024.
The conference will focus on strategies for preventing and reducing disinformation, as well as applying best
practices to address this global challenge. It aims to provide a forum (论坛) for journalists, social media experts,
educators, researchers, policy-makers and communications professionals, from within and outside the UN.
Currently, we are in search of social media volunteers to provide online assistance for this conference.
Requirements:
· Outstanding oral and written communication skills
· Professional graphic (绘图的) design experience
· Prior involvement in designing document layouts
· In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps
· Working knowledge of the English language
Note: A degree in graphic design or a related field is considered a plus.
Responsibilities:
· Developing a comprehensive social media release plan
· Assisting in choosing the right types of media and updating conference information on a daily basis
· Working together with our communications team to create social media activities according to agreed
requirements
· Developing a series of social media resources once the final concept is agreed upon, with a particular focus on
a youth (university level) student audience
Join us now as a social media volunteer and help build a future with less disinformation. You will also have the
opportunity to build connections with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn about the ways in which social
media communication can support the promotion of a conference centering on disinformation.
Find out more at https://app.unv.org/opportunities.
21. According to the passage, volunteers should .
A. hold a degree in graphic design
B. be able to develop graphic design apps
C. have a great communicative competence
D. be as fluent in English as native speakers
22. If selected, volunteers will .
A. release a UNIC work plan B. help design social media activities
C. evaluate the final concept D. provide weekly media updates
23. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To promote a conference. B. To seek online volunteers.
C. To highlight a global threat. D. To introduce an organization.
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B
I’m walking around the house with a severe limp (跛行) and actively second-guessing every decision I’ve ever
made. That can only mean one thing: I just ran my one race for the year.
The 7-mile race is in my hometown in Illinois, and I’ve been doing it almost every year since I was a 12-year-
old boy. I reached my peak about 15 years ago and have been performing poorly ever since.
Why do I keep going if I no longer enjoy it and am getting worse every year Tradition, mostly. Besides, I don’t
dislike the whole race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ve known since childhood,
and I love the free beer afterward. Running is just a minor block on the way to the good stuff.
That day, I was accompanied to the race by a group of three extremely in-shape people. We all live in the same
Indianapolis suburb. These guys bike and run countless miles, often in the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan
Races, which require the player to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon
(三项全能运动). In addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me.
I didn’t hold much hope for the race — no one puts less pressure on me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt
so good that I wondered why I only do this once a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my body warned me. I pushed myself
until I had a mile left, at which point my legs decided they were done. Determination and a can-do attitude are no
match for gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slowly made my way to the finishing line.
Still, I can honestly say I gave everything I had. My slow, plodding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victory
that proves I gave it my all. I don’t need a huge cup to honor my heroic performance. My aching knee is enough of a
souvenir.
A day later, even as my entire body tells me I’m an idiot, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve
decided to keep doing this race as long as my legs can support me.
24. The author ran the race because ________.
A. he wanted to keep the old custom B. he wanted to compete with friends
C. he intended to build up his body D. he enjoyed long-distance running
25. Why did the author mention the in-shape people
A. To give his reason for low self-expectation.
B. To show his envy of their athletic abilities.
C. To emphasize his strong will to win the race.
D. To express his confidence in finishing the race.
26. What do we know about the author during the race
A. He struggled from beginning to end.
B. He broke his leg at the finishing line.
C. He experienced pressure from himself.
D. He pushed himself to the limits to make it.
C
For decades, scientists hypothesized that cognitively demanding tasks, such as writing or solving math
problems, require more energy than easier tasks like scrolling short videos on the phone or looking out of the
window. However, recent research proves the view wrong. Our brains perform massively complex and
metabolically costly computations all day long. “Whether you’ re engaged in a cognitively demanding task at work,
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or you’ re staring off into space, your brain is using roughly the same amount of energy,” says neuroscientist Todd
Braver of Washington University in St. Louis.
In fact, what feels more challenging is when a task requires the brain to go against its usual habits. Cognitively
demanding work often requires the coordination (协作) of many different brain regions in novel patterns, while
silencing circuits that frequently fire together.
Studies have found that pushing against our brain’s habits triggers an emotional response, making us feel
uncomfortable. “It’s aversive, and it just feels bad,” says Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist from the University of
Toronto. But he points out that emotional responses are subjective: They are interpretations of sensations in our
bodies and brains. And we can influence how much we pay attention to these sensations and even how we interpret
them. We often overestimate the struggle and pain required to complete cognitive tasks. This initial overestimation
can lead us to procrastinate, or even avoid the task altogether.
Studies suggest that if we can get past that initial hurdle of starting a task, then thinking becomes easier. One
way to do that is to pay attention to the benefits instead of the efforts required. In a study published in the journal
Science in 2020, Andrew Westbrook, a neuroscientist at Rutgers University, and his colleagues gave participants the
choice of solving an easy memory puzzle for a small amount of money or a much harder puzzle for more money.
The options were displayed on a screen, and participants’ eye movements were tracked as they decided which
puzzle to attempt. When people spent more time looking at the reward for the challenging puzzle, they were more
likely to choose it. If our mind’s eye, or our attentional focus, is on the benefits of an option, over time we’ re more
likely to choose to do hard things.
Performing complex mental tasks will also be less painful if the exertion of mental effort is habitized. When
we don’t have to make a decision to focus every day, we will save ourselves considering the costs or consequences.
To make cognitively demanding tasks a habit, try to do them every day at the same time and in the same place. Add
a ritual before the work starts, such as turning off the phone and launching an app to block distracting websites.
After a few weeks, concentrating deeply won’t just feel easier; it will actually be easier.
27. People may feel certain cognitive task demanding because of ________.
A. more brain energy consumption B. the complexity of computations
C. the higher level of difficulty D. new coordination of brain parts
28. The author quotes the 2020 study mainly to ________ .
A. support a solution B. present a case
C. analyze the causes D. challenge an assumption
29. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Overestimation promotes efficiency.
B. Personal perception determines motivation.
C. Focusing on rewards enhances performance.
D. Brain counteraction triggers positive emotions.
30. Which of the following can make mental work feel easier
A. Receiving continuous support when feeling down.
B. Seeking professional help when meeting a deadline.
C. Reading thick literary classics for twenty minutes daily.
D. Breaking down a challenging project into smaller tasks.
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D
“Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a
strategy for pursuing better science.
To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see
despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories
become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods.
But methodological reform hasn’t come without some fretting and friction. Nasty things have been said by and
about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life’s work called into question. On the
other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is
figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and
integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow.
What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you
are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it
also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong,
a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic
presumably shares.
One worry about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might
be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well
within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for
how science works, it’s easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect
some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world.
Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories
can and should change, too.
Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that
we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short
of getting things right.
Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis (假说): that assuming one is wrong can change
community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I
don’t know if that’s true. In fact, I should probably assume that it’s wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific
community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together.
31. What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. Reformers tend to devalue researchers’ work.
B. Scientists are unwilling to express kind criticisms.
C. People hold wrong assumptions about the culture of science.
D. The scientific community should practice critical self-reflection.
32. The strategy of “assuming you are wrong” may contribute to ______.
A. the enormous efforts of scientists at work B. the reliability of potential research results
C. the public’s passion for scientific findings D. the improvement in the quality of evidence
33. The underlined word “demoralizing” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. discouraging B. ineffective C. unfair D. misleading
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34. The tone the author uses in talking about the untested hypothesis is ______.
A. doubtful but sincere B. disapproving but soft
C. authoritative and direct D. reflective and humorous
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
Bad News for the Highly Intelligent
There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the
classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience
negative life events.
____35____ In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a
high IQ society. The study covered mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report
whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported
disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from
a range of serious disorders.
To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory
holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological
“overexcitabilities”, or OE. ___36___This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another
person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person
may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t
occur to someone less intelligent. ___37___
The results of this study must be interpreted (诠释) cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a
sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of
the disorder. ___38___All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the
link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes
reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics.
___39___ In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living
longer is mostly explained by genetic factors. From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about
how to improve people’s psychological and physical well-being.
A. Now there’s some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious.
F. It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
第7页/共11页
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others,
but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime
soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to
harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative.
Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken
form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of
the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide
guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage.
The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new
habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is
not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may
naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our
natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that
viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less
persistence at tasks.
If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more
embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be
much better off.
40. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism
____________________________________________________________________________________
41. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism
____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance.
____________________________________________________________________________________
43. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 大作文(共 20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校上个月举办了九十周年校庆活动。英国交换生 Jim 听闻后，对此
活动非常感兴趣，请你给 Jim 发邮件，内容包括：
1. 校庆活动介绍；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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参考答案
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. B
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
11. fell 12. Without 13. took##had taken
14. are held peting 16. growth
17. left 18. which 19. ourselves 20. how
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
21. C 22. B 23. B
24. A 25. A 26. D
27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C
31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
35. A 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. B
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
40. We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback—
even when it is negative.
41. Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause
hurt or damage.
42. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their
performance.
They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities.
43. Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition,
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accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve
ourselves.
第二节 大作文(共 20 分)
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m glad you’re interested in our school’s 90th anniversary celebration! Last month, we held a wonderful event
with performances by students and alumni, an exhibition of old photos and school history, and even a tree-planting
ceremony to mark the occasion. Many former teachers and graduates returned to campus, sharing touching stories
about their time here.
I felt really proud to be part of such a historic moment. Seeing how much our school has grown — and how
deeply people care about it — gave me a strong sense of belonging. I wish you could have been there too!
Yours,
Li Hua
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