【高考突破方案】强化训练 选择性必修第四册Unit3The world meeets China&Unit4Everyday economics高考一轮总复习英语（外研版）（含答案）

强化训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·河南豫北名校高三联考)
“Thank you for letting me observe your classes. It was an unusual experience，” the email began, which got my heart racing.
I am an industry scientist, and in my spare time I was teaching a course for computer science students at a local university. By that point in the semester, I hadn't asked the students to solve any technical problems or even open their computers. Instead, I taught them teamwork and communication and skills they'd need in industry. My approach caught the attention of the university, so a teaching expert appeared in my class. This made me wonder whether university officials would agree with the unique view I brought from industry—or remove me from the classroom.
I thought of these lessons when I started to develop the university class. The part time role was appealing because I was eager to share my expertise and get back to working with students. But I didn't want to use my old teaching style, which focused on lectures and whiteboard exercises. I wanted to develop the same qualities I was looking for in job candidates at my company.
I decided to use games and challenges to encourage teamwork and creativity. In one, students had to work together to decide how to survive a tough desert environment. In another, they built the tallest structure they could out of spaghetti and candies. The teaching expert sat in on one such class.
I worried they might have been taken aback(吓了一跳；吓到). But after that unsettling opening, their email was positive: “I understand the important message you're conveying，” they wrote. “Today's industry is about people, not just computers. Keep up the good work.” Hearing that my teaching had a positive impact on their career paths was truly rewarding.
In the end, education is not just about sharing knowledge. It's also about helping students develop soft skills that will help them succeed wherever they plan to go, be it academia or industry.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学兼职教授计算机专业课程时打破传统教学方式，注重培养学生的团队合作精神以及沟通能力。
1．What made the author's heart race
A. Uneasiness. B．Excitement.
C．Heart failure. D．Lack of sleep.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章首段“‘Thank you for letting me observe your classes. It was an unusual experience，’ the email began, which got my heart racing.(‘谢谢你让我旁听你的课。这是一次不寻常的经历，’邮件开头让我心跳加速。)”以及倒数第二段中“But after that unsettling opening, their email was positive(但在那个令人不安的开头之后，他们的电子邮件是积极的)”可知，内心的紧张不安让作者的心跳加速。故选A。
2．Why did an expert come to the author's class
A．To teach communication skills.
B．To take over the author's work.
C．To learn about the author's teaching.
D．To help solve technical problems.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“My approach caught the attention of the university, so a teaching expert appeared in my class. This made me wonder whether university officials would agree with the unique view I brought from industry—or remove me from the classroom.(我的方法引起了学校的注意，所以我班上出现了一位教学专家。这让我怀疑学校官员是否会同意我从工业界带来的独特观点，或者把我从课堂上赶出去。)”可知，学校派专家来到作者的课堂是来了解和评判他的教学方式。故选C。
3．What does the author teach in class
A．Survival skills.
B．Soft skills.
C．Game design.
D．Book knowledge.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“I decided to use games and challenges to encourage teamwork and creativity.(我决定用游戏和挑战来鼓励团队合作和创造力。)”以及末段中“It's also about helping students develop soft skills(这也是为了帮助学生发展软技能)”可知，作者在课堂上培养学生们的创造力以及团队精神等软技能。故选B。
4．What can we infer about the teaching expert
A．He has a great impact on the author's career.
B．He attaches importance to sharing knowledge.
C．He points out the leading role of the computer.
D．He shares the same teaching idea with the author.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Today's industry is about people, not just computers. Keep up the good work.’ Hearing that my teaching had a positive impact on their career paths was truly rewarding.(‘今天的工业是关于人的，而不仅仅是电脑。再接再厉。’听说我的教学对他们的职业道路产生了积极影响，我真的很有收获。)”可知，专家对作者的教学方法是赞同的，因此他们的教学理念是相同的。故选D。
B
(2025·重庆名校联考)
Americans love their automobiles. So long, it seems, as they don't run on batteries. A survey published in July by the Pew Research Centre found that less than two fifths of them would consider buying an electric vehicle (EV). Despite expanding charging networks and more EV models to choose from, that is a slightly lower share than the year before.
The biggest block to EV enthusiasm in America is price. The average EV there sells for $52，000, estimates Cox Automotive, a consultancy. That is not a world away from the $48，000 that Americans typically pay for a petrol vehicle. But total costs of ownership, which combine the sales price and running costs for five years, vary more widely. At $65，000, the typical EV is$9，000 more expensive to own than a petrol car (owing to factors like pricey home chargers, dearer insurance and, compared with Europe and China, inexpensive petrol).
All this leaves America's car industry circling a roundabout. Consumers' unwillingness to pay for expensive EVs is forcing carmakers to take action to shift stock (库存). Tesla has cut its prices several times in the past year. Carmakers are offering average discounts of almost 10% on their EVs, more than twice as generous as for petrol cars. But this is making it even harder for the companies to make money from battery power. Continued losses in turn may make car firms lose appetite to invest in a broader electric offering that would appeal to buyers.
American carmakers are still hoping they can escape this vicious (恶性的) circle. They are mostly postponing their American EV investments rather than pulling the plug on them. And from January the EV tax credits (免税) will also be available at the point of sale, making it less burdensome for buyers to take advantage of them. All this could eventually generate profits for car firms. Eventually may, though, come a bit later than hoped.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了美国电动汽车行业面临的挑战和困境，包括电动汽车价格昂贵导致购买者热情不高，增加销售折扣导致利润下降等问题，文章最后指出，美国汽车制造商仍希望摆脱当前的困境，实现盈利可能会比预期的时间晚一些。
5．Why don't Americans want to buy EVs
A．The sale price of EVs.
B．The uncertain prospect of EVs.
C．The total cost of EVs.
D．Imperfect function of EVs.
解析：C　细节理解题。由文章第二段“The biggest block to EV enthusiasm in America is price. (在美国，电动汽车热情的最大障碍是价格。)”以及“But total costs of ownership, which combine the sales price and running costs for five years, vary more widely. At $65，000, the typical EV is $9，000 more expensive to own than a petrol car (owing to factors like pricey home chargers, dearer insurance and, compared with Europe and China, inexpensive petrol). (但总拥有成本，包括五年的销售价格和运营成本，差异更大。一辆典型的电动汽车售价为6.5万美元，比一辆汽油车贵9，000美元(原因包括家用充电器价格、保险费用更高，以及与欧洲和中国相比，汽油价格便宜。)”可知，美国人不想买电动汽车，因为电动汽车的总成本很高。故选C。
6．What's carmakers' measure to save the depressed EV industry
A．Reducing the cost of production.
B．Making EV tax credits policy.
C．Improving after sales service.
D．Giving more discounts on EVs.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Consumers' unwillingness to pay for expensive EVs is forcing carmakers to take action to shift stock (库存). Tesla has cut its prices several times in the past year. Carmakers are offering average discounts of almost 10% on their EVs, more than twice as generous as for petrol cars. (消费者不愿为昂贵的电动汽车买单，迫使汽车制造商采取行动转移库存。特斯拉在过去一年中多次降价。汽车制造商为其电动汽车提供的平均折扣接近10%，是汽油车的两倍多。)”可知，美国汽车制造商被迫在电动汽车上提供大幅折扣以销出库存，以应对电动汽车行业的低迷。故选D。
7．What is the carmakers' attitude towards the future of EV industry
A．Cautious.　　　　　　B．Negative.
C．Positive. D．Indifferent.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“American carmakers are still hoping they can escape this vicious(恶性的)circle. They are mostly postponing their American EV investments rather than pulling the plug on them. (美国汽车制造商仍然希望他们能够摆脱这种恶性循环。他们大多推迟了对美国电动汽车的投资，而不是取消投资。)”可知，美国汽车制造商对电动汽车行业的未来持谨慎态度。故选A。
8．What can be inferred from the text
A．EV companies will immediately increase profits.
B．Electric vehicles will overtake petrol cars.
C．Petrol cars will dominate America's car industry.
D．The boom of EV industry still has a long way to go.
解析：D　推理判断题。由文章第一段“Americans love their automobiles. So long, it seems, as they don't run on batteries. A survey published in July by the Pew Research Centre found that less than two fifths of them would consider buying an electric vehicle(EV). Despite expanding charging networks and more EV models to choose from, that is a slightly lower share than the year before. (美国人喜欢他们的汽车。这么久了，似乎是因为它们不是靠电池运行的。皮尤研究中心7月发布的一项调查发现，只有不到五分之二的人会考虑购买电动汽车。尽管充电网络不断扩大，电动汽车车型也越来越多，但这一比例略低于前一年。)”可知，调查发现，尽管充电网络不断扩大，可供选择的电动汽车车型也越来越多，但是美国人对购买电动汽车热情不高；下文详细阐述了美国电动汽车行业面临的挑战和困境，包括电动汽车价格昂贵导致购买者热情不高，增加销售折扣导致利润下降等问题，文章最后指出，美国汽车制造商仍希望摆脱当前的困境，实现盈利可能会比预期的时间晚一些。从而可推知电动汽车行业的繁荣还有很长的路要走。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·青岛市一模)
When my father was a teenager, he had been declared a prodigy (天才) by his art teacher.He 1. to become an art teacher and had some 2. of his paintings.But when my mother got ill, his creative life ceased.
I remembered my father's 3. for art.One day，I asked whether he was interested in drawing a cartoon.My father was not much of a 4. ．When learning to drive, I had asked if it was more important to 5. the cars ahead or those behind.“Both.” Then he was 6. for the next three miles.
He gave no 7. answer to my query (询问).I asked again the following day.Still no real 8. ．I ultimately 9. the idea.I understood he had enough on his plate already.But a week later, I received an email from my father—with a(n) 10. ．I downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw!
We began to draw cartoons.The process of creation gave him 11. ．As he built his art muscles back up, his teenage self's enthusiasm 12. ．
He is now painting, drawing and talking so much that I have to 13. that I'm getting a call to escape his 14. ．If he were to ask me whether I was prouder of the cartoon or of him turning his life around, I would say，“ 15. ．”
语篇导读：本文讲述了作者的父亲曾因母亲生病而放弃了艺术创作。后来，在作者的鼓励下，父亲重新开始了艺术之旅，不仅找回了最初的热情，也给整个家庭带来了欢乐和骄傲。
1．A.went on B．agreed
C．seemed D．happened
解析：A　根据上文可知，作者的父亲在年轻时被艺术老师誉为天才，因此他继而成为一名艺术老师。go on to do sth.意为“继而做另一件事”，符合语境。agree 同意；seem似乎；happen发生。故选A。
2．A.records B．copies
C．exhibits D．celebrations
解析：C　根据上文“become an art teacher”可知，作者的父亲成为一名艺术老师，因此会有一些自己的画作展览。exhibit意为“展览；展品”，符合语境。record记录；copy复制品；celebration庆祝活动。故选C。
3．A.choice B．love
C．skill D．idea
解析：B　根据下文的内容可以推断出，作者记得父亲对艺术的热爱。love意为“爱，热爱”，符合语境。choice选择；skill技能；idea想法。故选B。
4．A.talker B．teacher
C．painter D．thinker
解析：A　根据下文父亲在作者学开车时的表现可以看出，父亲不是一个健谈的人。talker意为“健谈的人”，符合语境。teacher 老师；painter画家；thinker思想家。故选A。
5．A.drive off B．rush through
C．look into D．concentrate on
解析：D　根据上下文内容并结合常识可知，在开车时，驾驶员需要集中注意力在前方和后方的车辆上。 concentrate on意为“集中注意力于”，符合语境。drive off驱车离开；rush through仓促处理；look into调查。故选D。
6．A.careful B．silent
C．impatient D．polite
解析：B　根据上文可知，作者的父亲不是一个健谈的人，再根据下文他只回答了 “Both.”可以推断出，作者的父亲在接下来的三英里(1英里≈1.61 千米)内是沉默的。 silent意为“沉默的”，符合语境。careful仔细的；impatient不耐烦的；polite礼貌的。故选B。
7．A.definite B．relevant
C．simple D．clever
解析：A　根据下文“I asked again the following day.”可知，父亲对作者的询问没有给出明确的答复。definite意为“明确的”，符合语境。relevant相关的；simple简单的；clever聪明的。故选A。
8．A.channel B．response
C．message D．word
解析：B　根据上文“He gave no 7 answer to my query.”和“Still no”可知，作者第二天再次询问父亲，但仍然没有得到真正的回应。response意为“回答，答复”，符合语境。channel渠道；message信息；word单词。故选B。
9．A.dropped B．failed
C．forgot D．regretted
解析：A　根据上下文语境可知，作者最终放弃了这个想法，因为作者理解到父亲已经够忙了。drop意为“停止，放弃”，符合语境。fail失败；forget忘记；regret后悔。故选A。
10．A.list B．present
C．budget D．attachment
解析：D　根据下文可知，作者下载了父亲发的文件，并看到了自己请求他画的卡通画，由此推断出作者的父亲发邮件时带了一个附件。attachment意为“附件”，符合语境。list清单；present礼物；budget预算。故选D。
11．A.freedom B．safety
C．purpose D．trust
解析：C　根据语境可推知，作者的父亲重新开始艺术创作，这个过程应是给了他生活的目标或目的。purpose意为“目的”，符合语境。freedom自由；safety安全；trust信任。故选C。
12．A.grew B．returned
C．appeared D．mixed
解析：B　根据上文及语境可知，随着作者的父亲艺术实力的又一次增强，他年轻时对艺术的热情回归了。 return意为“返回，回归”，符合语境。grow成长；appear出现；mix混合。故选B。
13．A.pretend B．state
C．joke D．mention
解析：A　根据语境及常识可知，作者的父亲现在重新开始画画，说话也变多了，作者有时甚至需要假装接电话来逃避他的兴奋。pretend意为“假装”，符合语境。state陈述；joke开玩笑；mention提到。故选A。
14．A.excitement B．disappointment
C．embarrassment D．amusement
解析：A　根据上文描述可知，作者的父亲现在充满活力和热情，由此推断出他的情绪是兴奋的。excitement意为“兴奋”，符合语境。disappointment失望；embarrassment尴尬；amusement娱乐，消遣。故选A。
15．A.Myself B．You
C．Neither D．Both
解析：D　根据语境并结合上文内容可知，如果父亲问作者是对卡通画更骄傲还是对父亲改变生活更骄傲，作者会回答“两者都骄傲”。both意为“两者都”，符合语境，且呼应第二段中父亲的回答“Both.”。myself我自己；you你；neither两者都不。故选D。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2025·东北三省三校联考)
Social boundaries are established social rules that are considered typical because most people in society agree that they are reasonable ways to live.For instance, in America, it is rude to belch (打嗝) in front of others. 1. However, in other countries, it is a sign that a person has greatly enjoyed himself.In fact, it is praise for the chef.In these societies, it is acceptable as a definite sign of gratitude and satisfaction.
2. We tend to categorize people even within the first few seconds of meeting them.Social boundaries make it easier to determine what is similar and different about us in comparison to others that we meet.In some countries, it is rude to look people directly in the eyes while speaking with them. 3. If we're able to understand that others' social boundaries may be different in some ways, we can learn to understand other cultures and display appreciation of those differences.
Have you ever been in a conversation with someone you recently met and thought, “This person is standing way too close to me？” In this case, it may feel more like a strange behavior than a matter of social boundaries.In some societies, however, it is quite common to stand very close to another individual while having a conversation. 4.
Social boundaries can influence various aspects of a person's behavior, from what one wears when attending a religious service to how loudly or softly a person speaks in public. 5. Openly sharing emotions is either strongly discouraged or welcomed in different cultures.
A．However, in other countries, it is rude not to do so.
B．Social boundaries allow people to assess others quickly.
C．They may even direct how much people share their feelings.
D．Therefore, it's important for Americans to avoid belching around others.
E．Social boundaries usually give rise to some misunderstandings between us.
F．In fact, there is an unspoken expected distance while people are interacting.
G．In other societies, however, it is impolite to have direct eye contact with them.
语篇导读：本文主要介绍了社会边界在不同文化中的差异和对人际交往的影响。
解析：
1．D　根据上文“For instance, in America, it is rude to belch(打嗝) in front of others.”可知，在美国人的社会边界中，他们会避免在社交场合打嗝以免冒犯到他人。D项(因此，对美国人来说，避免在他人面前打嗝这一点很重要。)符合语境。故选D。
2．B　设空处位于段首，是对下文的总结。根据下文“We tend to categorize people even within the first few seconds of meeting them...to determine what is similar and different about us in comparison to others that we meet.”可知，社会边界可以帮助我们分辨他人与自己的异同，进而将他人归类。B项(社交界限让人们快速评估其他人。)符合语境。故选B。
3．A　根据上文“In some countries, it is rude to look people directly in the eyes while speaking with them.”及下文“If we're able to understand that others' social boundaries may be different in some ways...”可知，设空处应谈论在社交场合直视他人眼睛的文化差异，上文已提到直视他人是不礼貌的，所以此处应点明相反的情况。A项(然而，在其他国家，不这样做是粗鲁的。)承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
4．F　根据上文“In some societies, however, it is quite common to stand very close to another individual while having a conversation.”可知，社交距离是一种主观判断。F项(事实上，当人们在互动时，有一个不言而喻的预期距离。)符合语境。故选F。
5．C　根据上文“Social boundaries can influence various aspects of a person's behavior...”及下文“Openly sharing emotions is either strongly discouraged or welcomed in different cultures.”可知，设空处谈论社交边界影响人们是否分享自己的感受。C项(它们甚至可以指导人们分享多少自己的感受。)承接下文，符合语境。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·江门市调研)
Around 1，500 years ago, Xi'an was a global powerhouse, the starting point of the Silk Road, 1. China's premier international commercial hub. Today, it's reemerging as a commercial gateway, 2. is strategically linking China's underdeveloped west and the “Neo Eurasia Continental Bridge，” a modern Silk Road.
Xi'an, centrally 3. (locate) in China and home to the famed Terracotta Warriors, is transforming into a major engineering hub for aerospace, automotive, textile, and optical (光学的) industries. A successful foreign investment, the Xi'an Janssen pharmaceutical (制药的) plant, 4. (stand) as China's 5. (large) pharmaceutical JV (合资公司), valued at $190 million.
The city's aviation industry is also attracting global attention, with partnerships between Xi'an manufacturers and aviation giants Boeing and Airbus, anticipating its rise 6. a key player in the world's growing aviation market.
Xi'an's 7. (culture) and archaeological treasures, 8. (include) the Terracotta Army, make it a top tourist destination and a well connected city. Its new airport, opened in 2003, offers 9. (flight) to major Chinese cities and international spots in Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia.
With plans to invest over $15 billion in highway and rail infrastructure, Xi'an is set to solidify its role as 10. transport connection for western China.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西安的重要地位以及重要行业。
解析：
1．and　考查连词。句意：大约1，500年前，西安是一个全球中心，是丝绸之路的起点，也是中国首要的国际商业中心。结合前后文语境可知，此处为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
2．which　考查定语从句。句意：今天，它作为一个商业门户重新出现，战略性地连接着中国不发达的西部和“新欧亚大陆桥”，一条现代丝绸之路。定语从句修饰先行词commercial gateway，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。
3．located　考查非谓语动词。句意：位于中国的中心的西安是著名的兵马俑的所在地，正在转变为航空航天、汽车、纺织和光学工业的主要工程中心。短语be located in表示“位于”，过去分词作定语。故填located。
4．stands　考查时态。句意：西安杨森制药厂是一项成功的外商投资，是中国最大的医药合资企业，价值1.9亿美元。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为A successful foreign investment，谓语用三单形式。故填stands。
5．largest　考查最高级。句意：同上。此处表示“最大的”应用最高级largest。故填largest。
6．as　考查介词。句意：西安的航空业也吸引了全球的关注，西安的制造商与航空巨头波音和空中客车建立了合作关系，预计西安将成为世界不断增长的航空市场的关键参与者。短语anticipate sth. as表示“预计……作为……”。故填as。
7．cultural　考查形容词。句意：西安的文化和考古宝藏，包括兵马俑，使它成为一个顶级的旅游目的地和一个交通便利的城市。修饰名词treasures应用形容词cultural，作定语。故填cultural。
8．including　考查介词。句意：同上。后跟名词作宾语，表示“包括”应用介词including。故填including。
9．flights　考查名词的数。句意：新机场于2003年启用，提供飞往中国主要城市以及韩国、日本和东南亚国际景点的航班。前文没有冠词，可知flight数量大于一应用复数形式。故填flights。
10．a　考查冠词。句意：西安计划在公路和铁路基础设施上投资超过150亿美元，将巩固其作为中国西部交通枢纽的地位。此处connection为泛指，且transport是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。