【高考突破方案】外研版英语必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild 教师用书-高考一轮总复习
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| 名称 | 【高考突破方案】外研版英语必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild 教师用书-高考一轮总复习 |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-12-16 00:00:00 | ||
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Unit 5 Into the wild
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：人与环境、人与动植物；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第三册Unit 5 What an adventure！；选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature；选择性必修第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature；选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
In 2021 the 1. migration (migrate) of wild elephants in Yunnan Province caused widespread concern. The elephants 2. sought (seek) the path to go north. No one knew 3. how they measured the 4. position (位置) in such a long journey. They entered not only villages but also cities. Unfortunately, they 5. destroyed (毁掉) some houses, roads and even the source of food, 6. which had a serious effect on the local people's living. However, the 7. reaction (react) of the local people was 8. to give (give) the elephants helping hands. A truck driver even blocked a road in Yuanjiang county, Yuxi, to guide the animals moving south. 9. Eventually (eventual), the wild elephants 10. determined (determine) the way to their own habitat. Local people's life 11. recovered from (从……恢复) this 12. amazing (amaze) experience. While 13. praising (praise) the people along the way to protect and guide wild elephants back home, people also concentrated 14. on a topic: How humans should 15. survive (活下去) in harmony with wild animals and what effective measures should 16. be taken (take) to protect their own lives. We believe the government will definitely come up with a good 17. solution (solve) to this problem in the near future.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．monarch n． 君主，国王
2．Atlantic adj. 大西洋的
3．whale n． 鲸
4．mystery n． 难以理解的事物，谜
5．chemical n． 化学品
6．caterpillar n. 毛虫(蝴蝶等昆虫的幼虫)
7．creature n． 生物，动物
8．authority n． 当权，权力
9．button n． 按钮
10．element n． 基本部分，要素
11．per prep. 每
12．encounter n． 意外的相遇，邂逅
13．path n. 小径，小道
14．breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的
15．eagle n． 鹰
16．capture v． (用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
17．file n． 档案，文件
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. charity n. 慈善机构，慈善团体
2. seek v．寻找，寻求
3. professor n．教授
4. measure v．量，测量
5. position n．位置
6. crash v. 暴跌
7. percent n．百分比
8. destroy v．破坏，毁掉
9. idiom n. 习语，成语
10. source n. 来源，出处
11. found v. 创立，创建
12. stare v. 凝视，盯着看
13. image n. 图像，影像
单词拼写
1．(2024·全国甲卷) “I didn't like the ending，”I said to my favorite college professor (教授).
2．(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image (图像).
3. (2023·全国乙卷) I often leave early to seek (寻找) the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.
4. (2023·全国乙卷) The position (位置) enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.
5. (2022·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.
6．The organization, founded (创立) in 2008, aims to protect the ocean ecosystem around the globe.
7．Most of the evidence was destroyed (毁掉) in the fire, thus making it almost impossible to prove the murderer guilty.
8．This is a world of diverse sources (来源) of information, from newspapers and books to TV, radio, music and even real people.
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→ annually adv.一年一度地
2. determine v. 测定，确定→ determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→ determination n．决心；决定
3. eventually adv.终于，最终→ eventual adj. 最后的；最终的；结果的
4. solution n. 解决，解决方法→ solve v. 解决；解答
5. amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的→ amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶→ amazed adj.感到吃惊的→ amazement n．惊讶
6. destroy vt.破坏；毁坏→ destruction n．破坏；毁坏→ destructive adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的
7. survive vi. 活下来；幸存→ survival n．幸存→ survivor n．幸存者
8. effect n．影响，结果→ effective adj.有效的；有影响的→ effectively adv.有效地
9. accommodation n．住处，工作场所 → accommodate v．容纳，提供住宿
10. photographer n．摄影师→ photograph n．照片；相片
11. recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复→ recovery n. 恢复；复苏；康复
12. shock n．吃惊，震惊→ shocking adj.令人震惊的→ shocked adj.震惊的
13. variety n．多样化，变化→ various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的→ vary v．使多样化，变化
14. concentrate v．专注，专心→ concentration n．专心；集中
15. freeze v．突然停止，呆住→ freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→ frozen adj.冷冻的；冻坏的
16. reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应→ react vi.做出反应
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．From the determined expression on his face, we knew that he was determined to take up the job, which needed great patience and determination ．(determine)
2．How did he react to the teacher's words I don't know his reaction ．(react)
3．It is such an amazing discovery that we are all amazed at it; to our amazement ， it is a disabled man who made the discovery.(amaze)
4．Only two passengers survived the air crash. When the two survivors were interviewed, they said their survival was a wonder.(survive)
5．To deal with the air pollution effectively ， the government took effective measures immediately, which had an effect on the environment.(effect)
6．If you can't find any accommodation(s) elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodate)
7. Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)
8．As far as I know, the problem is difficult to solve . The team are working hard to analyze it so that they can find a good solution ．(solve)
9．The doctor says the patient is recovering faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his recovery ．(recover)
10．There are various goods in the new supermarket，and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety of them attracts many customers.(vary)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. hold your horses 慢点；别急
2. rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
3. brave the elements 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
4. after all 毕竟；终究
5. in search of 寻找，寻求
6. in trouble 在困境中
7. feed on... 以……为主食
8. rush into 仓促行事，匆匆决定
9. have fun 玩得开心
10. concentrate on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
11. stare at 盯着看，凝视
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．In brief, do as the Chinese do when in China. I do hope you will have fun with your friends at the party.
2．Don't worry about what people will say or think, after all ， it's your life.
3．The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
4．I can't concentrate on my work when I think of my sick child.
5．He is a loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble ．
6．He went in search of a doctor for his sick wife.
1.差之毫厘，谬以千里
①effect n．影响；效果→affect v. 影响
②statue塑像→status身份
③adopt采纳→adapt适应
④content内容→context上下文
⑤march前进→match比赛
2．“终于”聚会
①eventually adv. 终于
②finally adv. 终于
③ultimately adv. 最终
④at last 最后
⑤in the end 最终
⑥at length 最终
3．四处“寻找”
①seek v. 寻找
②hunt v. 寻找；追逐
③search v．& n．搜索，搜寻
④pursue v. 追查；追赶
1.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
北美黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是大自然中最为美妙的迁徙之一。
【考点凝练】that 作为替代词替代前面提到的内容
2．The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive...
我们对这个可爱的生物了解得越多，它存活下来的机会就越大……
【考点凝练】“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，意为“越……，就越……”
3．And of course, the main reason why they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute!
当然，他们如此兴奋的主要原因是熊猫实在是太可爱了！
【考点凝练】the reason why...is that...“……的原因是……”
4. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
毕竟我们是它们世界的访客。
【考点凝练】强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分．
[语境活用] ——经典句式仿写
1．这所校园的风格与中国大多数大学有很大不同。(that)
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities ．
2．这件事她越想越感到沮丧。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)
The more she thought about it, the more depressed she became.
3．他之所以取得如此伟大的成就，原因是他坚持自己的目标，并且从不放弃。(the reason why...is that...)
The reason why he made such a great achievement is that he sticks to his goals and never gives up.
核 心 词 汇
1．measure v．测量；估量；判定 n．措施；尺度；标准；计量制
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) The government has struggled to come up with measures (measure) to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River.
(2) (2022·浙江卷) For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure (measure)their peak cardiovascular capacity.
(3)This effort is not just an attempt at being community minded—it's also a crime cutting measure.
(4)It was a shock that a huge snake, measuring (measure) over two meters long，was found dead in a nearby cave.
(5)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured (measure) by an IQ test.
归纳拓展
·measure...by...用……来衡量……
be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算
·take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事
·make sth.to one's measure照某人的尺寸做某物
·measurement n．尺寸；大小；测量
用法点拨：
(1)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用被动语态及进行时态。
(2)measure用作“措施”时，常用其复数形式。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(6)该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。(应用文之环境保护)
① It is high time that we took/should take measures to keep the air from being polluted. (measure)
② It is high time that we took/should take action to prevent air pollution. (action)
2．determine vi.& vt.决定；确定；(使)下定决心
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination (determine).
(2)It's not what happens to us that determines (determine) our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
(3) Determined (determine) to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
归纳拓展
·determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon 决定
·determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的
be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
·determination n．决心；坚定；果断
with determination 坚决地；果断地
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我们决心向我们优秀的同学学习，使自己变成对全社会有用的人。
We are determined to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.
(5)我决定充分利用时间来提高我的英语水平。
① I determine to make full use of time to improve my English. (determine)
② I am determined to make full use of time to improve my English. (determined)
3．amazing adj.令人惊讶的；惊人的；了不起的
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) You may be amazed (amaze) how much closer you'll feel to the people there.
(2)(2024·全国甲卷) But cats are special creatures who possess amazing (amaze) vocalization skills.
(3)We were so amazed (amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders...
归纳拓展
·amazed adj.吃惊的；惊讶的
be amazed at/by/that...对……感到惊讶
·amaze vt.使惊奇；使惊愕
·amazement n．吃惊；惊讶
in amazement 惊讶地
to one's amazement使某人惊讶的是
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)使我惊奇的是，他能凭记忆背诵出整首诗。
① To my amazement ，he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(amazement)
② It amazed me that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(it作形式主语)
③ What amazed me was that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(what引导主语从句)
④I was amazed that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(amazed)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)An increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival (survive).
(2)(2022·全国甲卷) Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff's oldest surviving (survive) theatre
(3)It's said that the woman survived her husband by 10 years.
归纳拓展
·survive sth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来
survive on依靠……生存下来
A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……)
·survival n．幸存；残存物
survivor n．幸存者；生还者
【点津】 survive表示“幸存；幸免于”时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不用再加介词in或from。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)剪纸的传统，特别是在春节期间，在中国已经流传了数千年。(写作话题之传统文化)
The tradition of paper cutting, especially during the Spring Festival has survived in China for thousands of years ．
5．effect n．影响，结果；效力
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) And are listening to and viewing content as effective (effect) as reading the written word when covering the same material
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students.
(3)Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development.
归纳拓展
·have an effect on对……有影响
come into effect/take effect(法律、规划或制度)生效；实施
in effect实际上，有效
put/bring sth. into effect实施；实行；使生效
side effect副作用
·effective adj.有效的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)Smoking affects your health badly，so you'd better give it up.
→Smoking has a bad effect on your health，so you'd better give it up.
6．accommodation n．调解；和解；[U]住处，工作场所；(pl.)膳宿
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Your library might be able to accommodate (accommodation) you.
(2)Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the rapidly changing conditions.
(3)Can we find accommodation(s) (accommodate) at the remote destination
归纳拓展
accommodate vt.容纳；向……提供住处；使适应；顺应
accommodate sb.for the night留某人过夜
accommodate sb.with...给某人提供……
accommodate(...) to...使(……)适应……
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)市政府正在修建更多的道路以容纳日益增多的车辆。
Our city government is building more roads to accommodate the increasing number of cars ．
7．concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)；专心，专注
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·浙江卷) Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved.
(2)(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration (concentrate), an entertainment mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
(3)He made a concentrated (concentrate) effort to find the solution to the problem.
归纳拓展
·concentrate on集中于；全神贯注于
concentrate on (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
·concentration n．集中；专心
concentrated adj.浓缩的；集中的；全力以赴的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)他集中精力学习，没有注意到我进来。
① Concentrating his attention on his study ，he didn't notice me coming in.(用现在分词短语作状语)
② With his attention concentrated on his study ，he didn't notice me coming in.(用with复合结构)
8．cut down砍倒；减少；削减；删节；杀死(某人)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
(2)She kept cutting in on our conversation，which made us very angry.
归纳拓展
cut in插嘴；(马达或发动机)发动
cut up切碎；切开
cut out删除；(马达或发动机)突然熄火
cut through 开辟(出路或通道)
cut off切断；中止；隔绝
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)要保护地球，我们必须减少污染。(应用文之环境保护)
To protect the earth，we must reduce pollution.
→To protect the earth，we must cut down (on) pollution.
重 点 句 型
the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive...
我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它活下来的机会就越大……
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)The more we know each other，the better (well) we understand each other.
(2)The more you practice，the more fluently (fluent) you will speak Chinese.(应用文之建议信)
归纳拓展
“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”句型：
·意为“越……，就越……”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
·从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级．..”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；第二个“the＋比较级．..”是主句，用一般将来时。
·本结构中常用省略结构。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)If you work harder, you will make more progress.(应用文之建议信)
→ The harder you work，the more progress you will make.
(4)鸟儿被暴露在光下的时间越长，它们在夜间就越活跃。
The more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To keep our streets clean annually (annual) costs the UK taxpayers ￡500 million.
2. Shocked (shock) and proud, their mother hugged them firmly.
3．Emotional intelligence cannot be measured (measure) by an IQ test.
4．When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state.
5．Universities have to provide student accommodation (accommodate) for first year students.
6．Most of the old part of the city was destroyed (destroy) by bombs during the war in the 1940s.
7. Reactions (react) to the proposal so far have been mixed. There are a variety (vary) of posts about it online.
8．It was hard for me to understand the lecture, so eventually (eventual) I lost concentration (concentrate) and felt bored. Later, I sought (seek) help from my professor.
9．The determined (determine) doctors let him make a full recovery (recover). He was thankful so he owed his survival (survive) to the doctors.
10．The amazing (amaze) thing was that the solution (solve) to the problem was put forward by an 11 year old boy. Later, he founded (found) a charity to help more people.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．cut down
(1)He, along with his working partner, tried to cut down on smoking but failed. B
(2)Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper. C
(3) He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood. A
(4)Hunger, cold and illness cut down many villagers.
D
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)According to the professor，more than 30 percent New Orleans teenagers had a bad reaction to the drug. 生理反应
(2)Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position． 姿势
(3)The news that the plane had crashed made us sad. (使)坠毁
(4)(2024· 新课标全国Ⅰ卷)With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 布局
(5)(2024· 新课标全国Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens． 绿叶菜
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是李华，你作为随行记者参与了保护藏羚羊的志愿活动。请你写一篇新闻稿记录志愿者们的工作内容。
1．当我看到志愿者为保护藏羚羊做的事情时，我非常震惊。(shock)
I was much shocked when I saw what the volunteers had done for protecting the Tibetan antelopes.
2．为了找到保护这些可爱动物的解决方法，志愿者们做了各种各样了不起的工作。(solution; variety)
To find the solutions to protect these lovely creatures, volunteers have done varieties of amazing jobs.
3．他们去寻找藏羚羊的栖息地而且最终做到了。 (seek)
They went to seek the habitat of Tibetan antelopes and made it eventually.
4．在保护区里人们的注意力充分集中在照顾小藏羚羊上。 (concentrate)
Attention is fully concentrated on caring the small Tibetan antelopes in the conservation area.
5．人们找到受伤的羚羊。(injured)
People found the injured antelope.
6．他们立即采取措施拯救它。(measure)
They took immediate measures to save it.
7．此外，他们决心提高保护藏羚羊的意识。 (determine)
Furthermore, they determined to raise awareness of protecting the Tibetan antelopes.
8．通过志愿者的努力，藏羚羊能获得更好的生存条件。 (living conditions)
Better living conditions for the Tibetan antelopes can be reached by the efforts of the volunteers.
[句式升级]
1．将第5句和第6句用时间状语从句的省略句进行改写升级。
When finding the injured antelope, they took immediate measures to save it.
2．将第8句用强调句进行改写升级。
It is by the efforts of the volunteers that better living conditions for the Tibetan antelopes can be reached.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
I was much shocked when I saw what the volunteers had done for protecting the Tibetan antelopes. To find the solutions to protect these lovely creatures, volunteers have done varieties of amazing jobs. They went to seek the habitat of Tibetan antelopes and made it eventually. Attention is fully concentrated on caring the small Tibetan antelopes in the conservation area. When finding the injured antelope, they took immediate measures to save it. Furthermore, they determined to raise awareness of protecting the Tibetan antelopes.
It is by the efforts of the volunteers that better living conditions for the Tibetan antelopes can be reached.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
情感描写之“惊恐”
形容词 afraid, scared, scary, frightened, frightening, fearful, terrified, terrifying
名词/动词 fear, scare, fright, frighten, terror
短语 scare/frighten...to death, stand still, scare sb. out of one's wits, a flood of fears
句子 ①The idea of being left alone in the dark big house made her hair stand on end. ②Her heart was racing with fear. She reached for her cell phone to call the police, only to find it out of power. ③Molly felt that the blood in her body froze rapidly at the sight of the dark figure outside the glass door.
(二)语段写作
第一步：按要求用表示“惊恐”的表达完成句子
1．你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么的恐惧。
You cannot imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear ．(形容词)
2．一阵恐惧将我完全困住，我不敢动弹一步。
A burst of horror held me entirely in its power ，and I was unable to move an inch.(名词作主语)
3．惊恐之下，我觉得我两腿发抖，手心冒汗。
Extremely frightened ， I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating ．(形容词作状语)
4．我的妻子站在我旁边，她被吓呆了，一动不动。
Beside me was my wife，who was standing still，frozen with fear. (倒装句和定语从句)
5．看着北极熊的血盆大口，她几乎吓晕过去。
Looking at the polar bear's bloody mouth ，she nearly fainted with fright.(非谓语动词作状语)
6．一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。她喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
A wave of fear swept over her. Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak.(名词作主语＋动作描写)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
You cannot imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear. A burst of horror held me entirely in its power, and I was unable to move an inch. Extremely frightened，I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. Beside me was my wife，who was standing still，frozen with fear. Looking at the polar bear's bloody mouth，she nearly fainted with fright. A wave of fear swept over her. Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak.
强化训练[5]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广东省四校联考)
Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along the roadside and through backyards.
In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state.It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
“Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys，” said Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45，000 animals—the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach.Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story—there are 70，000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50，000 in Vermont, and more than 30，000 in Massachusetts—all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
So, what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans.In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.Besides, they aren't hurt by native predators, such as wolves and cougars that have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
But everyone is not thankful for the turkey boom.The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous.In 2019, a 35 year old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts—twice.As conflicts between these 20 pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
语篇导读：本文主要介绍了因森林消失和不受限制的狩猾，火鸡在新英格兰灭绝，后来经过努力美国各州再次引入火鸡，火鸡与人类生活在一起，数量激增。但同时与人类之间产生了许多冲突。
1．What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A．Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B．Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C．Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D．Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was...suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.”可知，火鸡在新英格兰灭绝的主要原因是森林的无故消失和不受限制的狩猎。故选A。
2．According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
A．Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B．The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C．Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
D．They feed on adequate food from human beings.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In the suburbs, turkeys...dine on a never ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.”可知，火鸡是以人类提供的充足的食物为食，此处固定短语dine on与D项中的feed on语义相近。故选D。
3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B．Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C．Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D．Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As conflicts between...wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.”可推知，人们将采取措施解决人类与火鸡之间的冲突。故选D。
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．America witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B．The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C．Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D．There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
解析：A 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据最后一段中的“But everyone is not thankful for...potentially dangerous.”可知，内战前森林的消失和不受限制的狩猎使火鸡在新英格兰地区灭绝，经过努力，火鸡在美国很多州重新激增起来，但如今火鸡与人类一起生活也产生了许多冲突。由此可知，A项(美国见证了火鸡的激增，但并不是所有人都欢迎它。)符合本文主旨。故选A。
B
(2025·长沙市适应性考试)
Nothing earns attention like rarity.In the natural world, rarity is most clearly represented by the last members of a declining species.These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.In the past few decades, declines of many endangered plants and animals have been reversed (逆转).But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.
If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar.Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.
There are good reasons to consider the common.A study of North American birds uncovered that we have lost three billion birds on this continent within the past two generations.
These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like the common redpoll, whose numbers are down by 29 million and the common nighthawk, down by 26 million.The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.
Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.One caribou herd(北美驯鹿群), numbering hundreds of thousands, removes millions of kilograms of food for animals every year and returns nutrients to the soil in the form of millions of kilograms of animal waste.
The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.Study after study demonstrates that encounters with the natural world improve our mental state.Losing familiar species— whether birds in our backyard or butterflies on our doorstep—is likely to shrink(收缩) such opportunities for engagement.
Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid “the extinction of commonness”．
语篇导读：文章介绍了过去几十年来对稀有物种的保护取得了巨大成功，但是与此同时我们不能忽视对普通物种的保护，并强调了保护普通物种的重要性。
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To make a survey.
B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To provide an example.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.”可知，文章开头首先肯定了我们对稀有物种的保护和取得的成就，但最后一句“But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.”将话题由对稀有物种的保护转向对普通物种的忽视；再结合第二段中的“Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.”可知，关注并保护普通物种是本文的主题，所以第一段的目的是引入话题。故选C。
6．What does the example of the bird study suggest according to the text
A.Species loss balances the ecosystem.
B．Birds return many nutrients to the soil.
C．Species' rate of decline arouses people's concern.
D．Birds are described as widespread and secure animals.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There are good reasons to consider the common.”和第四段“These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like...The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.”可推知，对普通鸟类研究的这些例子表明这些物种的减少速度令人震惊，引起了人们的担忧。故选C。
7．What can we conclude from the passage
A．Rarity matters most in conservation.
B．Familiar species shouldn't be ignored.
C．Biodiversity results in the extinction of commonness.
D．People's physical state shrinks for sustainable development.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.”和第六段中的“The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.”以及最后一段中的“we must avoid ‘the extinction of commonness’”可推知，普通物种有生态、经济和心理上的价值，不应该被忽视。故选B。
8．Where is this text most probably taken from
A．A news report.
B．A health column.
C．A biology magazine.
D．A travel brochure.
解析：C 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar.Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.”和最后一段“Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid ‘the extinction of commonness’．”可推知，本文论述在物种保护中保护普通物种的重要性，与生物学相关，所以最可能出自生物学杂志。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·石家庄模拟)
Anytime I travel on my bicycle across the country, I'm always amazed by how kind people can be to strangers.
One night, my friends and I were camping in a town in Missouri.There was a severe storm and we were getting 1. ．A complete stranger came by to 2. us that there were tornadoes (龙卷风) heading our way.The stranger invited us to his home.We were surprised by his 3. for our safety.Later we learned that there had been a lightning strike near the place where we had camped and several cattle had been 4. ．
Fortunately, we spent the night in a nice dry home.We were 5. given the opportunity to take a shower.The next morning we had breakfast with the family and 6. contact information.In a way, we felt like the family had become a part of our journey.This was one of the most heart warming 7. of my life because this family had nothing to 8. by being so kind to us.We were 9. not the type they would usually 10. but they treated us with respect and kindness.
The kindness of a stranger always 11. my faith in humanity.Whatever the person 12. always comes with no strings attached and that's the most 13. part.
That family 14. us so much that during the rest of the trip, we 15. others out every chance we got.We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.It's always heart warming when giving feels as good as receiving.
语篇导读：本文讲述了作者和朋友们在一次露营时遭遇暴风雨，并被善良无私的陌生人帮助的故事。
1．A.annoyed B.impatient
C．excited D．nervous
解析：D 根据上文的“a severe storm”和常识可知，作者一行人对暴风雨的出现应是感到紧张。nervous意为“紧张的”，符合语境。annoyed恼怒的；impatient不耐烦的；excited激动的。故选D。
2．A.warn B．show
C．convince D．guarantee
解析：A 根据下文“there were tornadoes(龙卷风) heading out way”可知，一个陌生人过来提醒作者一行人龙卷风要来了，这是对作者一行人危险处境的提醒。warn意为“提醒”，符合语境。show展示；convince使信服；guarantee保证。故选A。
3．A.demand B．concern
C．desire D．responsibility
解析：B 根据上文“The stranger invited us to his home.”可知，陌生人邀请作者一行人去他家，这是他对作者一行人安全的关心。concern意为“关心”，符合语境。demand需要；desire欲望；responsibility责任。故选B。
4．A.drowned B．deserted
C．killed D．trapped
解析：C 根据上文“there had been a lightning strike near the place where we had camped”可推知，雷击现象导致几头牛被闪电击中而死。kill意为“杀死”，符合语境。drown溺死；desert抛弃；trap困住。故选C。
5．A.even B．merely
C．often D．simply
解析：A 根据上文“we spent the night in a nice dry home”和下文的“the opportunity to take a shower”可知，此处是递进关系。even意为“甚至”，符合语境。merely仅仅；often经常；simply简单地。故选A。
6．A.submitted B．exchanged
C．checked D．updated
解析：B 根据下文“contact information”和“In a way, we felt like the family had become a part of our journey.”可知，作者一行人和陌生人一家交换了联系信息。exchange意为“交换”，符合语境。submit提交；check检查；update更新。故选B。
7．A.experiences B.messages
C．traditions D．comments
解析：A 根据上文陌生人对作者一行人慷慨无私的帮助可知，这是作者一生中最暖心的经历之一。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。message信息；tradition传统；comment评论。故选A。
8．A.fear B．order
C．gain D．offer
解析：C 根据上文的“had nothing”可知，陌生人一家做好事不计回报。gain意为“获得”，符合语境。fear恐惧；order命令；offer主动提供。故选C。
9．A.especially B．officially
C．occasionally D．definitely
解析：D 根据下文“but they treated us with respect and kindness”可知，陌生人一家友好地对待作者一行人，即使作者一行人与他们有很大不同，设空处应是对这种差异的强调。definitely意为“一定”，符合语境。especially尤其；officially正式地；occasionally偶尔。故选D。
10．A.ask about B．complain about
C．agree with D．associate with
解析：D 根据上下文和常识可知，作者一行人与陌生人的家庭风格迥异，通常不是他们会交往的那类人。 associate with意为“交往”，符合语境。ask about询问；complain about抱怨；agree with同意。故选D。
11．A.reveals B．shakes
C．strengthens D．shapes
解析：C 根据上文的“heart warming、so kind、respect and kindness”及常识可知，陌生人对作者一行人善良无私的帮助增强了作者对人性的信心。strengthen意为“加强”，符合语境。reveal揭露；shake摇晃；shape形成。故选C。
12．A.states B．wishes
C．saves D．gives
解析：D 根据上文陌生人帮助作者一行人并不计任何回报可知，此处作者想说明在帮助他人时应该没有附加条件。give意为“给予”，符合语境。state陈述；wish希望；save拯救。故选D。
13．A.impressive B．practical
C．satisfactory D．evident
解析：A 根据上文“Whatever the person 12 always comes with no strings attached”可知，善良总是没有任何附加条件的，这是最令人印象深刻的部分。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”，符合语境。practical实际的；satisfactory满意的；evident明显的。故选A。
14．A.funded B．inspired
C．owed D．delighted
解析：B 根据下文“We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.”可知，作者一行人把善意传递了下去，这是受到陌生人无私帮助一事的激励。inspire意为“激励；鼓舞”，符合语境。fund资助；owe欠；delight使高兴。故选B。
15．A.drove B．sought
C．helped D．pointed
解析：C 根据下文“We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.”可知，作者一行人一有机会就帮助别人，help意为“帮助”，符合语境。drive驱赶；seek寻找；point指出。故选C。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2025·重庆南开中学高三调研)
Mosquitoes are drawn to all people, but some people seem to be the unlucky ones who are more tempting to mosquitoes. Experts have identified two main categories of factors that make one more attractive to mosquitoes: biological aspects and behaviors.
Chief among the first group of factors is how you smell. Dozens of diverse molecules (分子) throughout our body come together to create our unique smell. It's a combination of a dozen smells. 1. It's also possible that some people produce more of the smell that mosquitoes like.
Blood type may also matter. Mosquitoes seem to be interested in people with Type O blood, for reasons researchers haven't confirmed. 2. Mosquitoes seek out carbon dioxide. The more we breathe, the more carbon dioxide we send into the air, inviting bugs our way.
Then there are the factors that are more dependent on how you act throughout the day. If you are to do a hard workout outside, you might breathe more heavily and produce more carbon dioxide, which might attract mosquitoes. 3. If it mixes with bacteria on your skin or contains alcohol from your beach side beers, you have a much higher chance to be bitten.
4. There are a few evidence based strategies to keep them at bay. Certain clothing colors like black and dark blue can act like a mosquito magnet. Mosquitoes are also drawn to bright oranges and reds. Therefore, try to stick to lighter colors and wear long sleeves and pants. Or, you can try a simple trick—grab a fan and point it under a table, since mosquitoes love to stay near the ground and bite our feet. 5.
A．After all, they're not good fliers.
B．How can we drive off the mosquitoes
C．Therefore, try to reduce exercise on a hot day.
D．Do colors matter in this hide and seek game
E．The pattern of how you breathe also plays a role.
F．Sweat sends a powerful signal to mosquitoes too.
G．This mix of chemicals is likely to draw mosquitoes.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一个人对蚊子吸引力更大的两个主要因素和远离蚊子的策略。
解析：
1．G 根据上文“Dozens of diverse molecules (分子) throughout our body come together to create our unique smell. It's a combination of a dozen smells. (我们全身数十种不同的分子聚集在一起，形成了我们独特的气味。这是十几种气味的混合。)”可推断下文会说明这种气味对蚊子有吸引力，G选项“这种化学物质的混合物可能会吸引蚊子。” 并且G选项中的“this mix of chemicals”指代上文所说的“a combination”，上下文逻辑一致。同时，空后的句子“It is also possible that.. ”和G选项中的“likely”相呼应，并构成递进关系，故选G。
2．E 根据下文“Mosquitoes seek out carbon dioxide. The more we breathe, the more carbon dioxide we send into the air, inviting bugs our way. (蚊子寻找二氧化碳。我们呼吸得越多，向空气中排放的二氧化碳就越多，引来了虫子。)”可知我们的呼吸方式也会吸引蚊子，E选项“你的呼吸方式也有影响。”符合题意，并且E选项中提到的“The pattern of how you breathe”和下文提到的“The more you breathe”相照应，同时，E选项中的also和上文所说内容构成递进关系。故选E。
3．F 根据下文“If it mixes with bacteria on your skin or contains alcohol from your beach side beers, you have a much higher chance to be bitten. (如果它与你皮肤上的细菌混合，或者含有你在海边喝的啤酒中的酒精，你被咬的几率就会高得多。)”可推知汗液也会吸引蚊子，F选项“汗液也会向蚊子发出强烈信号。”并且空后句子中的it指代的是F选项中的“sweat”，上下文逻辑一致，故选F。
4．B 设空处为本段的主题句。根据空后句子提到了本段关键词“strategies”，之后具体介绍了两种让蚊子远离的方法，可知本段主要介绍让我们远离蚊子的方法，B选项“我们怎样才能赶走蚊子？”符合本段主旨，故选B。
5．A 根据上文“Or, you can try a simple trick—grab a fan and point it under a table, since mosquitoes love to stay near the ground and bite our feet. (或者，你可以尝试一个简单的技巧——抓起一把扇子，把它放在桌子下面，因为蚊子喜欢呆在靠近地面的地方，咬我们的脚。)”可知下文解释为什么要这样做，A选项“毕竟，他们不擅长飞行。”紧密承接上文，A选项中的“they”指代的即上文中的mosquitoes，逻辑一致，故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·重庆巴蜀中学月考)
There was a time, not long 1. ， when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible.The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water—turning one of the 2. (country) most biodiverse regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that 3. (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 4. the Rothschild's giraffes.
The Rothschild's giraffes went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching.Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 5. (active).Within a year, they had established a 44，000 acre community reserve 6. both the Pokot and Ilchamus work.“It wasn't easy，” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.“But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 7. (one) group of Rothschild's giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they'd multiply and repopulate the area.The giraffes 8. (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo.The species' return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 9. much needed boost.The relocated animals, and their babies 10. (bear) on the peninsula, became“a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth”．
语篇导读：本文讲述了肯尼亚的两个部落共同保护长颈鹿，这一举动促进了这两个部落的和平。
解析：
1．ago 考查副词。句意：就在不久之前的某段时间，波科特和伊尔查姆斯之间似乎是不可能和平的。根据“There was a time”可知是过去发生的事件， not long ago意为“不久之前”，是表示过去的时间状语。故填ago。
2．country's 考查名词所有格。句意：肯尼亚的这两个部落为了争夺牛、土地和水资源而进行了多年的战争，把这个国家生物多样性最丰富的地区之一变成了战场。后接名词，作定语，需要使用所有格。故填country's。
3．to build 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一致同意，为了建立团结和信任，这对昔日的敌人将共同努力，把因冲突而被驱逐的野生动物带回来，从罗氏长颈鹿开始。根据语境可知此处表目的，用动词不定式形式。故填to build。
4．with 考查介词。句意见上一题解析。start with意为“以……开始”，固定短语。故填with。
5．actively 考查副词。句意：由于渴望看到这些长颈鹿回到它们的家园，部落成员开始积极工作。修饰动词短语got to work，用副词作状语。故填actively。
6．where 考查定语从句。句意：一年之内，他们建立了一个4.4万英亩(约178平方千米)的部落保护区，波科特人和伊尔查姆斯人都在这里工作。此处定语从句修饰reserve，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
7．first 考查序数词。句意：在2011年保护区接收了第一批罗氏长颈鹿……此处修饰名词group用序数词。故填first。
8．were placed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些长颈鹿被安置在了巴林戈湖的一个半岛上。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，与主语The giraffes是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是复数；根据上文In 2011可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填were placed。
9．a 考查冠词。句意：该物种回归巴林戈湖，这件事吸引了游客，给当地经济带来迫切需要的推动力。 boost 此处为可数名词，前有形容词much needed 修饰，通常用单数形式，与不定冠词a连用。故填a。
10．born 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被重新安置的动物和它们在半岛上出生的孩子成为“和平、团结和部落财富的象征”。分析句子结构可知，bear作定语，修饰babies，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填born。
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：人与环境、人与动植物；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第三册Unit 5 What an adventure！；选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature；选择性必修第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature；选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
In 2021 the 1. migration (migrate) of wild elephants in Yunnan Province caused widespread concern. The elephants 2. sought (seek) the path to go north. No one knew 3. how they measured the 4. position (位置) in such a long journey. They entered not only villages but also cities. Unfortunately, they 5. destroyed (毁掉) some houses, roads and even the source of food, 6. which had a serious effect on the local people's living. However, the 7. reaction (react) of the local people was 8. to give (give) the elephants helping hands. A truck driver even blocked a road in Yuanjiang county, Yuxi, to guide the animals moving south. 9. Eventually (eventual), the wild elephants 10. determined (determine) the way to their own habitat. Local people's life 11. recovered from (从……恢复) this 12. amazing (amaze) experience. While 13. praising (praise) the people along the way to protect and guide wild elephants back home, people also concentrated 14. on a topic: How humans should 15. survive (活下去) in harmony with wild animals and what effective measures should 16. be taken (take) to protect their own lives. We believe the government will definitely come up with a good 17. solution (solve) to this problem in the near future.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．monarch n． 君主，国王
2．Atlantic adj. 大西洋的
3．whale n． 鲸
4．mystery n． 难以理解的事物，谜
5．chemical n． 化学品
6．caterpillar n. 毛虫(蝴蝶等昆虫的幼虫)
7．creature n． 生物，动物
8．authority n． 当权，权力
9．button n． 按钮
10．element n． 基本部分，要素
11．per prep. 每
12．encounter n． 意外的相遇，邂逅
13．path n. 小径，小道
14．breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的
15．eagle n． 鹰
16．capture v． (用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
17．file n． 档案，文件
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. charity n. 慈善机构，慈善团体
2. seek v．寻找，寻求
3. professor n．教授
4. measure v．量，测量
5. position n．位置
6. crash v. 暴跌
7. percent n．百分比
8. destroy v．破坏，毁掉
9. idiom n. 习语，成语
10. source n. 来源，出处
11. found v. 创立，创建
12. stare v. 凝视，盯着看
13. image n. 图像，影像
单词拼写
1．(2024·全国甲卷) “I didn't like the ending，”I said to my favorite college professor (教授).
2．(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image (图像).
3. (2023·全国乙卷) I often leave early to seek (寻找) the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.
4. (2023·全国乙卷) The position (位置) enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.
5. (2022·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.
6．The organization, founded (创立) in 2008, aims to protect the ocean ecosystem around the globe.
7．Most of the evidence was destroyed (毁掉) in the fire, thus making it almost impossible to prove the murderer guilty.
8．This is a world of diverse sources (来源) of information, from newspapers and books to TV, radio, music and even real people.
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→ annually adv.一年一度地
2. determine v. 测定，确定→ determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→ determination n．决心；决定
3. eventually adv.终于，最终→ eventual adj. 最后的；最终的；结果的
4. solution n. 解决，解决方法→ solve v. 解决；解答
5. amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的→ amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶→ amazed adj.感到吃惊的→ amazement n．惊讶
6. destroy vt.破坏；毁坏→ destruction n．破坏；毁坏→ destructive adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的
7. survive vi. 活下来；幸存→ survival n．幸存→ survivor n．幸存者
8. effect n．影响，结果→ effective adj.有效的；有影响的→ effectively adv.有效地
9. accommodation n．住处，工作场所 → accommodate v．容纳，提供住宿
10. photographer n．摄影师→ photograph n．照片；相片
11. recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复→ recovery n. 恢复；复苏；康复
12. shock n．吃惊，震惊→ shocking adj.令人震惊的→ shocked adj.震惊的
13. variety n．多样化，变化→ various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的→ vary v．使多样化，变化
14. concentrate v．专注，专心→ concentration n．专心；集中
15. freeze v．突然停止，呆住→ freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→ frozen adj.冷冻的；冻坏的
16. reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应→ react vi.做出反应
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．From the determined expression on his face, we knew that he was determined to take up the job, which needed great patience and determination ．(determine)
2．How did he react to the teacher's words I don't know his reaction ．(react)
3．It is such an amazing discovery that we are all amazed at it; to our amazement ， it is a disabled man who made the discovery.(amaze)
4．Only two passengers survived the air crash. When the two survivors were interviewed, they said their survival was a wonder.(survive)
5．To deal with the air pollution effectively ， the government took effective measures immediately, which had an effect on the environment.(effect)
6．If you can't find any accommodation(s) elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodate)
7. Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)
8．As far as I know, the problem is difficult to solve . The team are working hard to analyze it so that they can find a good solution ．(solve)
9．The doctor says the patient is recovering faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his recovery ．(recover)
10．There are various goods in the new supermarket，and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety of them attracts many customers.(vary)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. hold your horses 慢点；别急
2. rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
3. brave the elements 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
4. after all 毕竟；终究
5. in search of 寻找，寻求
6. in trouble 在困境中
7. feed on... 以……为主食
8. rush into 仓促行事，匆匆决定
9. have fun 玩得开心
10. concentrate on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
11. stare at 盯着看，凝视
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．In brief, do as the Chinese do when in China. I do hope you will have fun with your friends at the party.
2．Don't worry about what people will say or think, after all ， it's your life.
3．The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
4．I can't concentrate on my work when I think of my sick child.
5．He is a loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble ．
6．He went in search of a doctor for his sick wife.
1.差之毫厘，谬以千里
①effect n．影响；效果→affect v. 影响
②statue塑像→status身份
③adopt采纳→adapt适应
④content内容→context上下文
⑤march前进→match比赛
2．“终于”聚会
①eventually adv. 终于
②finally adv. 终于
③ultimately adv. 最终
④at last 最后
⑤in the end 最终
⑥at length 最终
3．四处“寻找”
①seek v. 寻找
②hunt v. 寻找；追逐
③search v．& n．搜索，搜寻
④pursue v. 追查；追赶
1.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
北美黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是大自然中最为美妙的迁徙之一。
【考点凝练】that 作为替代词替代前面提到的内容
2．The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive...
我们对这个可爱的生物了解得越多，它存活下来的机会就越大……
【考点凝练】“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，意为“越……，就越……”
3．And of course, the main reason why they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute!
当然，他们如此兴奋的主要原因是熊猫实在是太可爱了！
【考点凝练】the reason why...is that...“……的原因是……”
4. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
毕竟我们是它们世界的访客。
【考点凝练】强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分．
[语境活用] ——经典句式仿写
1．这所校园的风格与中国大多数大学有很大不同。(that)
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities ．
2．这件事她越想越感到沮丧。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)
The more she thought about it, the more depressed she became.
3．他之所以取得如此伟大的成就，原因是他坚持自己的目标，并且从不放弃。(the reason why...is that...)
The reason why he made such a great achievement is that he sticks to his goals and never gives up.
核 心 词 汇
1．measure v．测量；估量；判定 n．措施；尺度；标准；计量制
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) The government has struggled to come up with measures (measure) to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River.
(2) (2022·浙江卷) For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure (measure)their peak cardiovascular capacity.
(3)This effort is not just an attempt at being community minded—it's also a crime cutting measure.
(4)It was a shock that a huge snake, measuring (measure) over two meters long，was found dead in a nearby cave.
(5)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured (measure) by an IQ test.
归纳拓展
·measure...by...用……来衡量……
be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算
·take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事
·make sth.to one's measure照某人的尺寸做某物
·measurement n．尺寸；大小；测量
用法点拨：
(1)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用被动语态及进行时态。
(2)measure用作“措施”时，常用其复数形式。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(6)该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。(应用文之环境保护)
① It is high time that we took/should take measures to keep the air from being polluted. (measure)
② It is high time that we took/should take action to prevent air pollution. (action)
2．determine vi.& vt.决定；确定；(使)下定决心
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination (determine).
(2)It's not what happens to us that determines (determine) our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
(3) Determined (determine) to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
归纳拓展
·determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon 决定
·determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的
be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
·determination n．决心；坚定；果断
with determination 坚决地；果断地
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我们决心向我们优秀的同学学习，使自己变成对全社会有用的人。
We are determined to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.
(5)我决定充分利用时间来提高我的英语水平。
① I determine to make full use of time to improve my English. (determine)
② I am determined to make full use of time to improve my English. (determined)
3．amazing adj.令人惊讶的；惊人的；了不起的
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) You may be amazed (amaze) how much closer you'll feel to the people there.
(2)(2024·全国甲卷) But cats are special creatures who possess amazing (amaze) vocalization skills.
(3)We were so amazed (amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders...
归纳拓展
·amazed adj.吃惊的；惊讶的
be amazed at/by/that...对……感到惊讶
·amaze vt.使惊奇；使惊愕
·amazement n．吃惊；惊讶
in amazement 惊讶地
to one's amazement使某人惊讶的是
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)使我惊奇的是，他能凭记忆背诵出整首诗。
① To my amazement ，he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(amazement)
② It amazed me that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(it作形式主语)
③ What amazed me was that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(what引导主语从句)
④I was amazed that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(amazed)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)An increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival (survive).
(2)(2022·全国甲卷) Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff's oldest surviving (survive) theatre
(3)It's said that the woman survived her husband by 10 years.
归纳拓展
·survive sth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来
survive on依靠……生存下来
A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……)
·survival n．幸存；残存物
survivor n．幸存者；生还者
【点津】 survive表示“幸存；幸免于”时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不用再加介词in或from。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)剪纸的传统，特别是在春节期间，在中国已经流传了数千年。(写作话题之传统文化)
The tradition of paper cutting, especially during the Spring Festival has survived in China for thousands of years ．
5．effect n．影响，结果；效力
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) And are listening to and viewing content as effective (effect) as reading the written word when covering the same material
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students.
(3)Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development.
归纳拓展
·have an effect on对……有影响
come into effect/take effect(法律、规划或制度)生效；实施
in effect实际上，有效
put/bring sth. into effect实施；实行；使生效
side effect副作用
·effective adj.有效的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)Smoking affects your health badly，so you'd better give it up.
→Smoking has a bad effect on your health，so you'd better give it up.
6．accommodation n．调解；和解；[U]住处，工作场所；(pl.)膳宿
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Your library might be able to accommodate (accommodation) you.
(2)Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the rapidly changing conditions.
(3)Can we find accommodation(s) (accommodate) at the remote destination
归纳拓展
accommodate vt.容纳；向……提供住处；使适应；顺应
accommodate sb.for the night留某人过夜
accommodate sb.with...给某人提供……
accommodate(...) to...使(……)适应……
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)市政府正在修建更多的道路以容纳日益增多的车辆。
Our city government is building more roads to accommodate the increasing number of cars ．
7．concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)；专心，专注
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·浙江卷) Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved.
(2)(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration (concentrate), an entertainment mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
(3)He made a concentrated (concentrate) effort to find the solution to the problem.
归纳拓展
·concentrate on集中于；全神贯注于
concentrate on (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
·concentration n．集中；专心
concentrated adj.浓缩的；集中的；全力以赴的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)他集中精力学习，没有注意到我进来。
① Concentrating his attention on his study ，he didn't notice me coming in.(用现在分词短语作状语)
② With his attention concentrated on his study ，he didn't notice me coming in.(用with复合结构)
8．cut down砍倒；减少；削减；删节；杀死(某人)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
(2)She kept cutting in on our conversation，which made us very angry.
归纳拓展
cut in插嘴；(马达或发动机)发动
cut up切碎；切开
cut out删除；(马达或发动机)突然熄火
cut through 开辟(出路或通道)
cut off切断；中止；隔绝
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)要保护地球，我们必须减少污染。(应用文之环境保护)
To protect the earth，we must reduce pollution.
→To protect the earth，we must cut down (on) pollution.
重 点 句 型
the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive...
我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它活下来的机会就越大……
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)The more we know each other，the better (well) we understand each other.
(2)The more you practice，the more fluently (fluent) you will speak Chinese.(应用文之建议信)
归纳拓展
“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”句型：
·意为“越……，就越……”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
·从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级．..”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；第二个“the＋比较级．..”是主句，用一般将来时。
·本结构中常用省略结构。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)If you work harder, you will make more progress.(应用文之建议信)
→ The harder you work，the more progress you will make.
(4)鸟儿被暴露在光下的时间越长，它们在夜间就越活跃。
The more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To keep our streets clean annually (annual) costs the UK taxpayers ￡500 million.
2. Shocked (shock) and proud, their mother hugged them firmly.
3．Emotional intelligence cannot be measured (measure) by an IQ test.
4．When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state.
5．Universities have to provide student accommodation (accommodate) for first year students.
6．Most of the old part of the city was destroyed (destroy) by bombs during the war in the 1940s.
7. Reactions (react) to the proposal so far have been mixed. There are a variety (vary) of posts about it online.
8．It was hard for me to understand the lecture, so eventually (eventual) I lost concentration (concentrate) and felt bored. Later, I sought (seek) help from my professor.
9．The determined (determine) doctors let him make a full recovery (recover). He was thankful so he owed his survival (survive) to the doctors.
10．The amazing (amaze) thing was that the solution (solve) to the problem was put forward by an 11 year old boy. Later, he founded (found) a charity to help more people.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．cut down
(1)He, along with his working partner, tried to cut down on smoking but failed. B
(2)Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper. C
(3) He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood. A
(4)Hunger, cold and illness cut down many villagers.
D
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)According to the professor，more than 30 percent New Orleans teenagers had a bad reaction to the drug. 生理反应
(2)Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position． 姿势
(3)The news that the plane had crashed made us sad. (使)坠毁
(4)(2024· 新课标全国Ⅰ卷)With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 布局
(5)(2024· 新课标全国Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens． 绿叶菜
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是李华，你作为随行记者参与了保护藏羚羊的志愿活动。请你写一篇新闻稿记录志愿者们的工作内容。
1．当我看到志愿者为保护藏羚羊做的事情时，我非常震惊。(shock)
I was much shocked when I saw what the volunteers had done for protecting the Tibetan antelopes.
2．为了找到保护这些可爱动物的解决方法，志愿者们做了各种各样了不起的工作。(solution; variety)
To find the solutions to protect these lovely creatures, volunteers have done varieties of amazing jobs.
3．他们去寻找藏羚羊的栖息地而且最终做到了。 (seek)
They went to seek the habitat of Tibetan antelopes and made it eventually.
4．在保护区里人们的注意力充分集中在照顾小藏羚羊上。 (concentrate)
Attention is fully concentrated on caring the small Tibetan antelopes in the conservation area.
5．人们找到受伤的羚羊。(injured)
People found the injured antelope.
6．他们立即采取措施拯救它。(measure)
They took immediate measures to save it.
7．此外，他们决心提高保护藏羚羊的意识。 (determine)
Furthermore, they determined to raise awareness of protecting the Tibetan antelopes.
8．通过志愿者的努力，藏羚羊能获得更好的生存条件。 (living conditions)
Better living conditions for the Tibetan antelopes can be reached by the efforts of the volunteers.
[句式升级]
1．将第5句和第6句用时间状语从句的省略句进行改写升级。
When finding the injured antelope, they took immediate measures to save it.
2．将第8句用强调句进行改写升级。
It is by the efforts of the volunteers that better living conditions for the Tibetan antelopes can be reached.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
I was much shocked when I saw what the volunteers had done for protecting the Tibetan antelopes. To find the solutions to protect these lovely creatures, volunteers have done varieties of amazing jobs. They went to seek the habitat of Tibetan antelopes and made it eventually. Attention is fully concentrated on caring the small Tibetan antelopes in the conservation area. When finding the injured antelope, they took immediate measures to save it. Furthermore, they determined to raise awareness of protecting the Tibetan antelopes.
It is by the efforts of the volunteers that better living conditions for the Tibetan antelopes can be reached.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
情感描写之“惊恐”
形容词 afraid, scared, scary, frightened, frightening, fearful, terrified, terrifying
名词/动词 fear, scare, fright, frighten, terror
短语 scare/frighten...to death, stand still, scare sb. out of one's wits, a flood of fears
句子 ①The idea of being left alone in the dark big house made her hair stand on end. ②Her heart was racing with fear. She reached for her cell phone to call the police, only to find it out of power. ③Molly felt that the blood in her body froze rapidly at the sight of the dark figure outside the glass door.
(二)语段写作
第一步：按要求用表示“惊恐”的表达完成句子
1．你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么的恐惧。
You cannot imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear ．(形容词)
2．一阵恐惧将我完全困住，我不敢动弹一步。
A burst of horror held me entirely in its power ，and I was unable to move an inch.(名词作主语)
3．惊恐之下，我觉得我两腿发抖，手心冒汗。
Extremely frightened ， I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating ．(形容词作状语)
4．我的妻子站在我旁边，她被吓呆了，一动不动。
Beside me was my wife，who was standing still，frozen with fear. (倒装句和定语从句)
5．看着北极熊的血盆大口，她几乎吓晕过去。
Looking at the polar bear's bloody mouth ，she nearly fainted with fright.(非谓语动词作状语)
6．一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。她喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
A wave of fear swept over her. Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak.(名词作主语＋动作描写)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
You cannot imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear. A burst of horror held me entirely in its power, and I was unable to move an inch. Extremely frightened，I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. Beside me was my wife，who was standing still，frozen with fear. Looking at the polar bear's bloody mouth，she nearly fainted with fright. A wave of fear swept over her. Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak.
强化训练[5]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广东省四校联考)
Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along the roadside and through backyards.
In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state.It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
“Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys，” said Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45，000 animals—the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach.Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story—there are 70，000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50，000 in Vermont, and more than 30，000 in Massachusetts—all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
So, what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans.In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.Besides, they aren't hurt by native predators, such as wolves and cougars that have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
But everyone is not thankful for the turkey boom.The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous.In 2019, a 35 year old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts—twice.As conflicts between these 20 pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
语篇导读：本文主要介绍了因森林消失和不受限制的狩猾，火鸡在新英格兰灭绝，后来经过努力美国各州再次引入火鸡，火鸡与人类生活在一起，数量激增。但同时与人类之间产生了许多冲突。
1．What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A．Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B．Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C．Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D．Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was...suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.”可知，火鸡在新英格兰灭绝的主要原因是森林的无故消失和不受限制的狩猎。故选A。
2．According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
A．Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B．The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C．Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
D．They feed on adequate food from human beings.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In the suburbs, turkeys...dine on a never ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.”可知，火鸡是以人类提供的充足的食物为食，此处固定短语dine on与D项中的feed on语义相近。故选D。
3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B．Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C．Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D．Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As conflicts between...wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.”可推知，人们将采取措施解决人类与火鸡之间的冲突。故选D。
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．America witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B．The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C．Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D．There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
解析：A 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据最后一段中的“But everyone is not thankful for...potentially dangerous.”可知，内战前森林的消失和不受限制的狩猎使火鸡在新英格兰地区灭绝，经过努力，火鸡在美国很多州重新激增起来，但如今火鸡与人类一起生活也产生了许多冲突。由此可知，A项(美国见证了火鸡的激增，但并不是所有人都欢迎它。)符合本文主旨。故选A。
B
(2025·长沙市适应性考试)
Nothing earns attention like rarity.In the natural world, rarity is most clearly represented by the last members of a declining species.These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.In the past few decades, declines of many endangered plants and animals have been reversed (逆转).But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.
If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar.Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.
There are good reasons to consider the common.A study of North American birds uncovered that we have lost three billion birds on this continent within the past two generations.
These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like the common redpoll, whose numbers are down by 29 million and the common nighthawk, down by 26 million.The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.
Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.One caribou herd(北美驯鹿群), numbering hundreds of thousands, removes millions of kilograms of food for animals every year and returns nutrients to the soil in the form of millions of kilograms of animal waste.
The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.Study after study demonstrates that encounters with the natural world improve our mental state.Losing familiar species— whether birds in our backyard or butterflies on our doorstep—is likely to shrink(收缩) such opportunities for engagement.
Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid “the extinction of commonness”．
语篇导读：文章介绍了过去几十年来对稀有物种的保护取得了巨大成功，但是与此同时我们不能忽视对普通物种的保护，并强调了保护普通物种的重要性。
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To make a survey.
B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To provide an example.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.”可知，文章开头首先肯定了我们对稀有物种的保护和取得的成就，但最后一句“But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.”将话题由对稀有物种的保护转向对普通物种的忽视；再结合第二段中的“Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.”可知，关注并保护普通物种是本文的主题，所以第一段的目的是引入话题。故选C。
6．What does the example of the bird study suggest according to the text
A.Species loss balances the ecosystem.
B．Birds return many nutrients to the soil.
C．Species' rate of decline arouses people's concern.
D．Birds are described as widespread and secure animals.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There are good reasons to consider the common.”和第四段“These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like...The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.”可推知，对普通鸟类研究的这些例子表明这些物种的减少速度令人震惊，引起了人们的担忧。故选C。
7．What can we conclude from the passage
A．Rarity matters most in conservation.
B．Familiar species shouldn't be ignored.
C．Biodiversity results in the extinction of commonness.
D．People's physical state shrinks for sustainable development.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.”和第六段中的“The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.”以及最后一段中的“we must avoid ‘the extinction of commonness’”可推知，普通物种有生态、经济和心理上的价值，不应该被忽视。故选B。
8．Where is this text most probably taken from
A．A news report.
B．A health column.
C．A biology magazine.
D．A travel brochure.
解析：C 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar.Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.”和最后一段“Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid ‘the extinction of commonness’．”可推知，本文论述在物种保护中保护普通物种的重要性，与生物学相关，所以最可能出自生物学杂志。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·石家庄模拟)
Anytime I travel on my bicycle across the country, I'm always amazed by how kind people can be to strangers.
One night, my friends and I were camping in a town in Missouri.There was a severe storm and we were getting 1. ．A complete stranger came by to 2. us that there were tornadoes (龙卷风) heading our way.The stranger invited us to his home.We were surprised by his 3. for our safety.Later we learned that there had been a lightning strike near the place where we had camped and several cattle had been 4. ．
Fortunately, we spent the night in a nice dry home.We were 5. given the opportunity to take a shower.The next morning we had breakfast with the family and 6. contact information.In a way, we felt like the family had become a part of our journey.This was one of the most heart warming 7. of my life because this family had nothing to 8. by being so kind to us.We were 9. not the type they would usually 10. but they treated us with respect and kindness.
The kindness of a stranger always 11. my faith in humanity.Whatever the person 12. always comes with no strings attached and that's the most 13. part.
That family 14. us so much that during the rest of the trip, we 15. others out every chance we got.We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.It's always heart warming when giving feels as good as receiving.
语篇导读：本文讲述了作者和朋友们在一次露营时遭遇暴风雨，并被善良无私的陌生人帮助的故事。
1．A.annoyed B.impatient
C．excited D．nervous
解析：D 根据上文的“a severe storm”和常识可知，作者一行人对暴风雨的出现应是感到紧张。nervous意为“紧张的”，符合语境。annoyed恼怒的；impatient不耐烦的；excited激动的。故选D。
2．A.warn B．show
C．convince D．guarantee
解析：A 根据下文“there were tornadoes(龙卷风) heading out way”可知，一个陌生人过来提醒作者一行人龙卷风要来了，这是对作者一行人危险处境的提醒。warn意为“提醒”，符合语境。show展示；convince使信服；guarantee保证。故选A。
3．A.demand B．concern
C．desire D．responsibility
解析：B 根据上文“The stranger invited us to his home.”可知，陌生人邀请作者一行人去他家，这是他对作者一行人安全的关心。concern意为“关心”，符合语境。demand需要；desire欲望；responsibility责任。故选B。
4．A.drowned B．deserted
C．killed D．trapped
解析：C 根据上文“there had been a lightning strike near the place where we had camped”可推知，雷击现象导致几头牛被闪电击中而死。kill意为“杀死”，符合语境。drown溺死；desert抛弃；trap困住。故选C。
5．A.even B．merely
C．often D．simply
解析：A 根据上文“we spent the night in a nice dry home”和下文的“the opportunity to take a shower”可知，此处是递进关系。even意为“甚至”，符合语境。merely仅仅；often经常；simply简单地。故选A。
6．A.submitted B．exchanged
C．checked D．updated
解析：B 根据下文“contact information”和“In a way, we felt like the family had become a part of our journey.”可知，作者一行人和陌生人一家交换了联系信息。exchange意为“交换”，符合语境。submit提交；check检查；update更新。故选B。
7．A.experiences B.messages
C．traditions D．comments
解析：A 根据上文陌生人对作者一行人慷慨无私的帮助可知，这是作者一生中最暖心的经历之一。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。message信息；tradition传统；comment评论。故选A。
8．A.fear B．order
C．gain D．offer
解析：C 根据上文的“had nothing”可知，陌生人一家做好事不计回报。gain意为“获得”，符合语境。fear恐惧；order命令；offer主动提供。故选C。
9．A.especially B．officially
C．occasionally D．definitely
解析：D 根据下文“but they treated us with respect and kindness”可知，陌生人一家友好地对待作者一行人，即使作者一行人与他们有很大不同，设空处应是对这种差异的强调。definitely意为“一定”，符合语境。especially尤其；officially正式地；occasionally偶尔。故选D。
10．A.ask about B．complain about
C．agree with D．associate with
解析：D 根据上下文和常识可知，作者一行人与陌生人的家庭风格迥异，通常不是他们会交往的那类人。 associate with意为“交往”，符合语境。ask about询问；complain about抱怨；agree with同意。故选D。
11．A.reveals B．shakes
C．strengthens D．shapes
解析：C 根据上文的“heart warming、so kind、respect and kindness”及常识可知，陌生人对作者一行人善良无私的帮助增强了作者对人性的信心。strengthen意为“加强”，符合语境。reveal揭露；shake摇晃；shape形成。故选C。
12．A.states B．wishes
C．saves D．gives
解析：D 根据上文陌生人帮助作者一行人并不计任何回报可知，此处作者想说明在帮助他人时应该没有附加条件。give意为“给予”，符合语境。state陈述；wish希望；save拯救。故选D。
13．A.impressive B．practical
C．satisfactory D．evident
解析：A 根据上文“Whatever the person 12 always comes with no strings attached”可知，善良总是没有任何附加条件的，这是最令人印象深刻的部分。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”，符合语境。practical实际的；satisfactory满意的；evident明显的。故选A。
14．A.funded B．inspired
C．owed D．delighted
解析：B 根据下文“We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.”可知，作者一行人把善意传递了下去，这是受到陌生人无私帮助一事的激励。inspire意为“激励；鼓舞”，符合语境。fund资助；owe欠；delight使高兴。故选B。
15．A.drove B．sought
C．helped D．pointed
解析：C 根据下文“We even bought food with our busking(街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.”可知，作者一行人一有机会就帮助别人，help意为“帮助”，符合语境。drive驱赶；seek寻找；point指出。故选C。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2025·重庆南开中学高三调研)
Mosquitoes are drawn to all people, but some people seem to be the unlucky ones who are more tempting to mosquitoes. Experts have identified two main categories of factors that make one more attractive to mosquitoes: biological aspects and behaviors.
Chief among the first group of factors is how you smell. Dozens of diverse molecules (分子) throughout our body come together to create our unique smell. It's a combination of a dozen smells. 1. It's also possible that some people produce more of the smell that mosquitoes like.
Blood type may also matter. Mosquitoes seem to be interested in people with Type O blood, for reasons researchers haven't confirmed. 2. Mosquitoes seek out carbon dioxide. The more we breathe, the more carbon dioxide we send into the air, inviting bugs our way.
Then there are the factors that are more dependent on how you act throughout the day. If you are to do a hard workout outside, you might breathe more heavily and produce more carbon dioxide, which might attract mosquitoes. 3. If it mixes with bacteria on your skin or contains alcohol from your beach side beers, you have a much higher chance to be bitten.
4. There are a few evidence based strategies to keep them at bay. Certain clothing colors like black and dark blue can act like a mosquito magnet. Mosquitoes are also drawn to bright oranges and reds. Therefore, try to stick to lighter colors and wear long sleeves and pants. Or, you can try a simple trick—grab a fan and point it under a table, since mosquitoes love to stay near the ground and bite our feet. 5.
A．After all, they're not good fliers.
B．How can we drive off the mosquitoes
C．Therefore, try to reduce exercise on a hot day.
D．Do colors matter in this hide and seek game
E．The pattern of how you breathe also plays a role.
F．Sweat sends a powerful signal to mosquitoes too.
G．This mix of chemicals is likely to draw mosquitoes.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一个人对蚊子吸引力更大的两个主要因素和远离蚊子的策略。
解析：
1．G 根据上文“Dozens of diverse molecules (分子) throughout our body come together to create our unique smell. It's a combination of a dozen smells. (我们全身数十种不同的分子聚集在一起，形成了我们独特的气味。这是十几种气味的混合。)”可推断下文会说明这种气味对蚊子有吸引力，G选项“这种化学物质的混合物可能会吸引蚊子。” 并且G选项中的“this mix of chemicals”指代上文所说的“a combination”，上下文逻辑一致。同时，空后的句子“It is also possible that.. ”和G选项中的“likely”相呼应，并构成递进关系，故选G。
2．E 根据下文“Mosquitoes seek out carbon dioxide. The more we breathe, the more carbon dioxide we send into the air, inviting bugs our way. (蚊子寻找二氧化碳。我们呼吸得越多，向空气中排放的二氧化碳就越多，引来了虫子。)”可知我们的呼吸方式也会吸引蚊子，E选项“你的呼吸方式也有影响。”符合题意，并且E选项中提到的“The pattern of how you breathe”和下文提到的“The more you breathe”相照应，同时，E选项中的also和上文所说内容构成递进关系。故选E。
3．F 根据下文“If it mixes with bacteria on your skin or contains alcohol from your beach side beers, you have a much higher chance to be bitten. (如果它与你皮肤上的细菌混合，或者含有你在海边喝的啤酒中的酒精，你被咬的几率就会高得多。)”可推知汗液也会吸引蚊子，F选项“汗液也会向蚊子发出强烈信号。”并且空后句子中的it指代的是F选项中的“sweat”，上下文逻辑一致，故选F。
4．B 设空处为本段的主题句。根据空后句子提到了本段关键词“strategies”，之后具体介绍了两种让蚊子远离的方法，可知本段主要介绍让我们远离蚊子的方法，B选项“我们怎样才能赶走蚊子？”符合本段主旨，故选B。
5．A 根据上文“Or, you can try a simple trick—grab a fan and point it under a table, since mosquitoes love to stay near the ground and bite our feet. (或者，你可以尝试一个简单的技巧——抓起一把扇子，把它放在桌子下面，因为蚊子喜欢呆在靠近地面的地方，咬我们的脚。)”可知下文解释为什么要这样做，A选项“毕竟，他们不擅长飞行。”紧密承接上文，A选项中的“they”指代的即上文中的mosquitoes，逻辑一致，故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·重庆巴蜀中学月考)
There was a time, not long 1. ， when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible.The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water—turning one of the 2. (country) most biodiverse regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that 3. (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 4. the Rothschild's giraffes.
The Rothschild's giraffes went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching.Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 5. (active).Within a year, they had established a 44，000 acre community reserve 6. both the Pokot and Ilchamus work.“It wasn't easy，” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.“But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 7. (one) group of Rothschild's giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they'd multiply and repopulate the area.The giraffes 8. (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo.The species' return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 9. much needed boost.The relocated animals, and their babies 10. (bear) on the peninsula, became“a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth”．
语篇导读：本文讲述了肯尼亚的两个部落共同保护长颈鹿，这一举动促进了这两个部落的和平。
解析：
1．ago 考查副词。句意：就在不久之前的某段时间，波科特和伊尔查姆斯之间似乎是不可能和平的。根据“There was a time”可知是过去发生的事件， not long ago意为“不久之前”，是表示过去的时间状语。故填ago。
2．country's 考查名词所有格。句意：肯尼亚的这两个部落为了争夺牛、土地和水资源而进行了多年的战争，把这个国家生物多样性最丰富的地区之一变成了战场。后接名词，作定语，需要使用所有格。故填country's。
3．to build 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一致同意，为了建立团结和信任，这对昔日的敌人将共同努力，把因冲突而被驱逐的野生动物带回来，从罗氏长颈鹿开始。根据语境可知此处表目的，用动词不定式形式。故填to build。
4．with 考查介词。句意见上一题解析。start with意为“以……开始”，固定短语。故填with。
5．actively 考查副词。句意：由于渴望看到这些长颈鹿回到它们的家园，部落成员开始积极工作。修饰动词短语got to work，用副词作状语。故填actively。
6．where 考查定语从句。句意：一年之内，他们建立了一个4.4万英亩(约178平方千米)的部落保护区，波科特人和伊尔查姆斯人都在这里工作。此处定语从句修饰reserve，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
7．first 考查序数词。句意：在2011年保护区接收了第一批罗氏长颈鹿……此处修饰名词group用序数词。故填first。
8．were placed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些长颈鹿被安置在了巴林戈湖的一个半岛上。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，与主语The giraffes是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是复数；根据上文In 2011可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填were placed。
9．a 考查冠词。句意：该物种回归巴林戈湖，这件事吸引了游客，给当地经济带来迫切需要的推动力。 boost 此处为可数名词，前有形容词much needed 修饰，通常用单数形式，与不定冠词a连用。故填a。
10．born 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被重新安置的动物和它们在半岛上出生的孩子成为“和平、团结和部落财富的象征”。分析句子结构可知，bear作定语，修饰babies，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填born。
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