【高考突破方案】外研版英语必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first 教师用书-高考一轮总复习
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| 名称 | 【高考突破方案】外研版英语必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first 教师用书-高考一轮总复习 |
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| 文件大小 | 1.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-12-16 00:00:00 | ||
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Unit 6 Earth first
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：关爱地球、保护环境；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild；必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature；选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature；选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world；选择性必修第三册 Unit 6 Nature in words)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
1. Due to (由于) the development of industry, the environment around us has been damaged 2. severely (severe), causing droughts, 3. floods (水灾), infections and other disasters which 4. have affected (affect) our life. Therefore, sustainable development has become the major target of human beings.
Here are some ways to solve the problem. First of all, if we want to reduce smog or fog and the 5. release (释放) of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, we have to make full use of renewable and reusable resources, such as solar energy, and electric energy. Besides, in our daily life, 6. when we turn off electrical appliances such as the bulb, the TV, and the computer, please remember 7. to remove (remove) the plugs from their power 8. supplies (供应) immediately. Don't make them go into stand by mode, because 9. electricity (电) continues to leak from the device in this case. 10. Additionally (additional), we should plant more trees and establish more nature reserves, since trees can give out 11. a large amount of (大量) fresh air, and nature reserves can ensure that 12. endangered (endanger) species won't be hunted cruelly, and even can keep far away from 13. extinction (extinct). Most importantly, while developing industry with great efforts, the local government should take environmental protection 14. into account. In school, we can hold some lectures 15. using (use) slides to present some correct behavior and 16. urge students to follow (敦促学生们去遵守) it.
As far as I'm concerned, if we have 17. a positive attitude, 18. adopt proper ways (采用合适的方法) and devote 19. ourselves (our) to the environmental campaigns, we can 20. contribute to (为……作贡献) a greener and cleaner world.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．shark n． 鲨(鱼)
2．fin v． 切去(鱼的)鳍 n． 鱼鳍
3．dive v． (通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
4．ocean n. 海洋，大海
5．highlight v. 使……突出，使注意力集中于
6．staff n． 员工
7．drought n． 旱灾，干旱
8．flood n. 洪水，水灾
9．restore v. 使恢复
10．sustainable adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的
11．bulb n. 灯泡
12．renewable adj. (能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的
13．carbon n. 碳
14．greenhouse n． 温室，暖房
15．reusable adj. 可再度使用的，可多次使用的
16．brochure n. 小册子
17．solar adj. 利用太阳光(能)的
18．release v. 释放，排放
19．smog n. 烟雾，雾霾
20．fog n. 雾
21．infection n. 感染，传染病
22．slide n. 幻灯片
23．false adj. 不正确的，错误的
24．device n． 设备，仪器，装置
25．stand by adj. 备用的
26．mode n． (机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式
27．leak v． (使)漏，(使)渗漏
28．appliance n． 家用电器，家用器具
29．plug n． (电)插头
30．litre n． 升，公升
31．campaign n. (宣传)活动
32．canteen n． (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. target v. 把……作为目标
2. attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
3. damage v．破损，损害，损伤
4. affect v．影响
5. supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
6. lecture n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲
7. amount n．数量，数额
8. remove v．移走，搬走，去掉
9. average adj. 平均(数)的
单词拼写
1．(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply (供应) of fresh greens.
2．(2024·浙江卷) Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures (讲座), read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
3．(2024·浙江卷) We affect (影响)only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.
4．(2023·浙江卷) Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged (损害) the U．S. agricultural economy.
5．(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) The task John set for himself was to remove (去掉) harmful substances from some sludge.
6．(2023·全国甲卷) The average (平均的) spend per project will be around 823.
7．In communication, a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude (态度).
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→ scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的→ scaring adj.让人害怕的→ scary adj.引起恐慌的
2. fortunately adv. 幸运地→ fortunate adj.幸运的→ fortune n．幸运
3. extinction n．灭绝，绝种→ extinct adj.灭绝的
4. devote v. 致力，献身，倾注→ devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的→ devotion n. 关爱，奉献，专心
5. cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴 → cruel adj.残酷的，残忍的
6. hunting n．打猎，狩猎→ hunt v．打猎
7. presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明→ present v．提出，介绍，呈现
8. reserve n．(野生生物)保护区→ reservation n.预定，预约
9. establish v．建立，设立→ establishment n．确认，指定
10. adopt v. 采取(某种方法)收养→ adopted adj.收养的，领养的→ adoption n．采用，收养
11. reduce v. 减少，降低→ reduction n．减少
12. severe adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→ severely adv.严重地
13. permission n. 允许，许可→ permit vt. 允许
14. majority n．多数，大多数(人或物)→ major v. 主修 adj.主要的，重要的
15. urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→ urgent adj.紧急的
16. electricity n．电→ electrical adj.与电有关的
17. concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→ concern v．涉及，与……有关；使担心，使担忧 n．担心，忧虑，焦虑 → concerning prep. 关于，就……而言
18. contribute v. 促成，造成(某事发生) → contribution n．贡献，捐献
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.(scare)
2．Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)
3．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (major)
4. Recently, I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa. Fortunately ， I have a chance to travel with another Chinese.(fortune)
5．Now many kinds of electrical appliances are powered by electric energy converted by solar energy.(electricity)
6. Concerning her mother's age, she is concerned about her health.(concern)
7．Mr White is the adopted son of Mrs Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her adoption ， Mr White could receive a good education and become an engineer.(adopt)
8．She contributed all her life to the scientific career and no doubt her contribution won admiration of people all over the country. (contribute)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. due to 因为，由于
2. take...into account 把……考虑进去
3. in fear 恐惧，担心
4. cut off 切断；阻断，隔绝
5. rather than 而不是
6. by mistake 错误地；疏忽地
7. aim at... 目标是……；旨在做……
8. take steps 采取措施
9. mistake...for... 把……误认为……
10. up to 多达，高达
11. call on 号召
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
2．LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
3．People who put in 300 minutes a week of exercise had a 20% lower risk of death due to heart disease.
4．The author refused the help from the man in the house because she mistook him for a tour guide.
5．I am writing to invite you to join the table tennis team aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.
6．The mayor should take steps to deal with the holiday rush in our city.
7．Struck by the terrible earthquake, his village was cut off from the outside.
1.“ v．＋al”→名词
①remove→removal 移动
②arrive→arrival 到达
③survive→survival 幸存
④approve→approval 赞成
⑤refuse→refusal 拒绝
2．有“电”一族
①electricity n．电
②electric adj. 用电的，电动的
③electrical adj. 与电有关的
④electronic adj. 电子的
3．“自然灾害”集合
①drought n. 干旱
②tornado n. 龙卷风
③snowstorm n. 暴风雪
④storm n. 暴风雨
⑤tsunami n. 海啸
⑥landslide n. 滑坡
⑦flood n. 洪灾，水灾
1.Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film．
由于害怕电影里那种可怕的生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了。
【考点凝练】形容词(短语)作状语
2．Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人开始对了解它们感兴趣。
【考点凝练】部分否定
3．However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍，耗水则多达三倍。
【考点凝练】倍数表达法
[语境活用] ——经典句式仿写
1．饥寒交迫，那个小女孩不停地哭泣。(形容词短语作状语)
Cold and hungry ，the little girl kept crying.
2．不出意料，并不是所有人都同意事情在变好。(部分否定)
Unsurprisingly, not everyone agrees that things are better ．
3．这个大厅是我们的教室的五倍大。(倍数表达法as...as)
This hall is five times as big as our classroom.
核 心 词 汇
1．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
(3)It is not wise for parents to try to scare their children into behaving (behave) well.
(4)We were scared (scare) to death when we found the ground was shaking.
归纳拓展
·scare...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事
·scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物
be scared of doing sth./to do sth.害怕做某事
be scared that...害怕……
be scared to death吓得要死
基础练习·单句语法填空
(5)Elli and I were scared that the bear would return, so we climbed into the helicopter.
→ Scared that the bear would return ， Elli and I climbed into the helicopter.(形容词短语作状语)
2．target v．把……作为目标，把……作为批评的对象 n．目标；对象；靶子
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted (target) campaigns to cheat people.
(2)The target people for hunting should be those devoted to sustainable development.
(3)This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets (target) of cheating.
归纳拓展
·target sth. on/at sb./sth.把某物瞄准某人/某物
be targeted at目标是；面向
·a target for...……的目标
set a target制定目标
meet/achieve a target完成/达到目标
·targeted adj.有针对性的，定向的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我听说这个项目是针对英语流利的学生。(应用文写作之申请信)
I heard that the programme is targeted at students who speak English fluently.
3．devote vt.致力，献身，倾注；致力于；专心致志于；把……用于
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Though young, Jo devoted herself to reducing pollution.
(2)Leslie Nielsen's devotion (devote) to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
归纳拓展
·devote...to (doing) sth.把……用在/献给(做)某事上
devote oneself to献身于；致力于
·devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的；献身的
be devoted to (doing) sth.献身于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事
·devotion n．奉献；关爱；忠诚
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)I devoted myself to community activities and was praised by the people around.(应用文之申请信)
→ Devoting myself to community activities ，I was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→ Devoted to community activities ，I was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
4．affect v．影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting (affect) the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
(2)Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects (affect) performance.
(3)Though affected with a kind of severe disease，he continued with his work.
归纳拓展
·be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with 感染……疾病
·effect n．作用；影响
have an effect/influence on对……产生影响
·affection n．喜爱
have/feel affection for喜爱，钟爱
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)The audience were deeply affected by the film，and they couldn't hold back tears.
→ Deeply affected by the film ，the audience couldn't hold back tears.(用分词短语作状语改写)
(5)我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。(应用文之人物介绍)
I have/feel much affection for my mum ，whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
5．urge v．敦促，竭力主张，强烈要求 n．强烈的欲望；冲动
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I never felt an urge to learn (learn) any sign language before.
(2)Due to all this extra time, there was no sense of urgency (urge) to do my schoolwork immediately.
(3)He asked to see the manager for something urgent (urge).
归纳拓展
·urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事
urge that sb. (should) do sth.极力主张某人做某事
It is urged that...(should) do sth.坚决要求……
·have an urge to do sth.渴望做某事
·urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的
urgency n．紧急的事
【点津】urge后跟that从句时或在句型It is urged that...中，that从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
→Our teacher urges us to study hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb. to do sth.)
→Our teacher urges that we (should) study hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge that)
6．concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的；担心的；感兴趣的；有关的；参与的
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1) (2024·浙江卷) Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning (concern) their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies.
(2)Fortunately，I came to know Professor Smith，who showed concern for/about my study.
(3)As far as I'm concerned (concern)，what the parents think is right，but what they do is wrong.
归纳拓展
·as far as...be concerned 就……而言
be concerned about/for对……担心/关心
be concerned with 与……有关
·concern vt.涉及；与……有关；(使)担忧n.担心；忧虑；关心；(利害)关系
show/express concern for/about 对……表示关心
·concerning prep.关于
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我们真的很关心，也很想知道你的最新情况。
We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates.
(5)让我担心的是我的期末考试将在两周后举行，所以我现在得为它做准备。
What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held in two weeks, so I have to make preparations for it now.
7．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；捐献；贡献；投稿
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·浙江卷) Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
(2)The staff in the company have made important contributions (contribute) to the environment.
(3)If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.
归纳拓展
·contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；投稿
contribute(...) to...向……捐赠……；为……撰稿(to为介词)
contribute to (doing) sth.有助于(做)某事
·make a contribution to...对……做出贡献；向……捐款
make contributions to...对……做出贡献
·contributor n．捐赠者；捐款者；投稿人
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处，江苏省将会为“一带一路”的建设做出更多的贡献。
Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu Province will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. (contribute)
8．take...into account/consideration (＝take account of)考虑到……，把……考虑进去
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
(2)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
归纳拓展
·account v．认为；说明；总计有n.账目；说明；理由
account for 说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
·on account of由于，因为
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
give an account of...叙述/描述……
·accountant n．会计员；会计师
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into consideration/account ．(升级加黑词汇)
重 点 句 型
部分否定
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.
幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I agree with most of what you said，but I don't agree with everything ．
(2)He told me all the lectures, but none of them was very exciting.
(3) Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.
归纳拓展
该句是表示部分否定的句型。not everyone...＝everyone...not...，意为“并非每个人都……”。
·当not与all，both, everyone, everybody，everything以及“every＋名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。
·注意：当表示完全否定意义时，英语中常用no，none，nobody，nothing，no one, neither等词与谓语动词的肯定式连用来表达。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)事实是并不是每个人都重视时间管理。
①The truth is that not everyone is attaching importance to time management.(not everyone...)
②The truth is that everyone isn't attaching importance to time management.(everyone...not)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Large amounts of money were donated (donate) to a charity last month.
2．They urged that more nature reserves (should) be established (establish).
3．A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting sustainable (sustain) development in all countries.
4. Devoted (devote) to the job, she spends very little free time at home.
5．I admire the clear, organized presentation (present) of her arguments.
6．Pages should not be copied without the permission (permit) of the publisher.
7. Fortunately (fortunate), the majority (major) of crops had been harvested before the storm hit this area. The loss was reduced (reduce) greatly.
8．I'm scared (scare) of telling her what really happened in the flood. Many houses were damaged (damage) and some people even lost their lives.
9．He is concerned (concern) about the extinction (extinct) of the wolf in this area so he appeals to everyone to protect animals. At the same time, he suggested that the government should forbid illegal hunting (hunt).
10．This invention making a major contribution (contribute) to road safety has been adopted (adopt) widely in the country in the past two years.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．lecture
(1)What makes me annoyed is that he is always lecturing me about my behavior. C
(2)I feel greatly honored to deliver a lecture which is designed for senior three students. (应用文写作之演讲稿) A
(3)As a senior high school student, I know I must stop smoking—don't give me a lecture about it. B
2．average
A．n.平均水平 B．v.平均为 C．adj.平均的
D．adj.普通的 E．v.算出……的平均数
(1)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour. B
(2)The average American has not even thought about next year's election. D
(3)According to the statistics，on average，a person produces about 2 kilograms of garbage per day. A
(4)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. E
(5)The age of the candidates ranged from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37. C
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The band's first album is due for release later this month. 预计
(2)The sales manager will give a presentation on the new products. 介绍会，发布会
(3)Police have released no further details about the accident. 公开，公布，发布
(4)(2024·全国甲卷)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. 辨别，识别
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是学生会成员李华，为号召大家积极参与节约用水活动，请你代表学生会发出一份倡议书，内容包括：
1．发出倡议的原因和目的；
2．用水浪费的现象和节约用水的方法；
3．发出倡议。
1．因为水污染和持续增长的人口，我们人类面临严重的水危机。(due to; severe)
Due to water pollution and growing population, we humans are faced with severe water crisis.
2．为了保护有限的水资源，我们学校近期开展了节约用水活动。(campaign)
In order to protect the limited water resource, the water saving campaign has been held recently in our school.
3．事实上，我们大部分人在日常生活中都浪费水。(majority)
Actually, the majority of us waste water in our daily life.
4．比如：很多人花太多的时间淋浴，并且洗手之后不及时关水龙头。这都导致了大量的水浪费。(amount)
For example, many people spend too much time having a shower and don't turn off the tap immediately after washing hands and both of them lead to the waste of a large amount of water.
5．因此，我敦促立即采取有效措施提高每个人的节约用水的意识。(urge；adopt)
Therefore，I urge that effective measures should be adopted to raise everyone's awareness of saving water.
6．首先，我们可以采用盆浴代替淋浴。洗完手之后立即关掉水龙头。除此之外，考虑循环使用水。(take...into account; reusable)
First of all, we can take a bath instead of taking a shower, and turn off the tap immediately after washing hands. Besides, take reusable water into account.
7．亲爱的朋友，我坚信，如果每个人都为我们的社会做出一点贡献，我们就能一起带来巨大的改变。(contribution)
My dear friends, I firmly believe that if everyone makes a little contribution to our society, we can make a huge difference together.
[句式升级]
将第4 句用定语从句进行改写升级。
For example, many people spend too much time having a shower and don't turn off the tap immediately after washing hands, both of which lead to the waste of a large amount of water.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
Due to water pollution and growing population, we humans are faced with severe water crisis. In order to protect the limited water resource, the water saving campaign has been held recently in our school.
Actually, the majority of us waste water in our daily life. For example, many people spend too much time having a shower and don't turn off the tap immediately after washing hands, both of which lead to the waste of a large amount of water. Therefore, I urge that effective measures should be adopted to raise everyone's awareness of saving water. First of all, we can take a bath instead of taking a shower, and turn off the tap immediately after washing hands. Besides, take reusable water into account.
My dear friends, I firmly believe that if everyone makes a little contribution to our society, we can make a huge difference together.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
情感描写之“焦虑”“担忧”和“绝望”
形容词/副词 anxious, worried, worrying, helpless, hopeless, concerned, anxiously
名词 anxiety, worry, helplessness，
hopelessness, concern
短语 with anxiety, be concerned about, be worried about
句子 ①As a result of an accident, Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness. ②Tony felt left out and was getting desperate with loneliness. ③We sat waiting impatiently for the film to start.
(二)语段写作
第一步：按要求用表示“焦虑”“担忧”和“绝望”的表达完成句子
1．他们在山里迷路了，只好焦急地等待救援。
Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously ．(副词)
2．随着夜色渐深，他们越来越担忧。
As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried ．(形容词)
3．树林开始起雾了，他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加无助。 (一句多译)
Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, which undoubtedly left them even more helpless ．(非限制性定语从句)
→Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless ．(动词 ing短语作状语)
4．托尼无助地站在那里，皱着眉。
Tony stood there helplessly ， frowning.(副词＋简单句)
5．玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。
Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear ．(介词短语＋简单句)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously. As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried. Worse still/Even worse, fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless. Tony stood there helplessly, frowning. Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear.
强化训练[12]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广西一模)
Johannes Fritz, a biologist, needed to come up with a plan, again, if he was going to prevent his rare and beloved birds from going extinct.
To survive the European winter, the northern bald ibis (隐鹮)—which had once disappeared entirely from the wild on the continent—needs to migrate south for the winter, over the Alps, before the mountains become impassable.But shifting climate patterns have delayed them when the birds begin to migrate, and they are now reaching the mountains too late to make it over the peaks, locking them in an icy death trap.Determined to save them, Mr.Fritz decided he would teach the birds a new, safer migration route by guiding them himself in a tiny aircraft.And he was confident he could succeed in this daring, unconventional plan because he had done it before.
Mr.Fritz was his young pupils' sole provider of food, love and cuddles since they'd been just a few days old, and the ibises eagerly followed their teacher.He learned to fly, modifying an ultralight aircraft so it would cruise at speeds slow enough for his winged students to keep up.In 2014, three years after some initially bumpy experiments, Mr.Fritz led the first flock from Austria to Italy, and has since led 15 such migrations.Over that time, he has rewilded 277 young ibises, many of which then started to pass the route on to their own young.For now, however, the main worry is getting the birds to follow the aircraft.“While they have a strong bond with their‘mothers’ and follow them around on the ground, flying is more difficult，” Fritz said.
“Fly Away Home was a huge hit with us biologists，” Mr.Fritz said, recalling the 1996 movie in which characters lead the migration of orphaned Canada geese in a hang glider.When Mr.Fritz proclaimed that he'd do the same with the ibises, he was initially laughed at.But through years of trial and error, he succeeded.He even learned to fly like a bird, he said, soaring with ease.Mr.Fritz's two sons, both now teenagers, followed their flying father and the migrating birds on the ground, and his family and colleagues witnessed the risks he was taking.“But the inevitable risks are necessary，” Mr.Fritz said.
“It's not so much a job，” he added, “but my life's purpose.”
语篇导读：本文主要讲述了生物学家约翰内斯·弗里茨为了防止他心爱的稀有鸟类灭绝，决定教它们一条新的迁徙路线并获得成功的故事。
1．Why did the northern bald ibis fail to migrate south for the winter
A．The impassable mountains.
B．The late arrival of Mr.Fritz.
C．The daring and unconventional plan.
D．The shifting climate patterns.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But shifting climate patterns have delayed them when the birds begin to migrate...in an icy deathtrap.”可知，不断变化的气候模式导致隐鹮无法及时越过山峰迁徙到南方过冬。故选D。
2．According to paragraph 3, what is Fritz's present concern
A．Complicated situations in the flying.
B．The fast speed of the aircraft.
C．A strong attachment to their mother.
D．Limited migration support.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For now, however, the main worry is getting the birds to follow the aircraft... around on the ground, flying is more difficult...”可知，弗里茨现在的主要担忧是如何让鸟儿跟随飞行器飞行，即飞行中的复杂情况。故选A。
3．What can we know from paragraph 4
A．Mr.Fritz was heavily favored by those around.
B．Mr.Fritz was greatly inspired by the 1996 movie.
C．Mr.Fritz set a ridiculous example for his two sons.
D．Mr.Fritz convinced people around to witness the risks.
解析：B 推理判断题。第四段第一句提到电影《伴你高飞》中一只加拿大黑雁被一架飞行器引导着迁徙，该电影在生物学家中大受欢迎。再结合下文“But through years of trial and error, he succeeded.He even learned to fly like a bird, he said, soaring with ease.”可推知，弗里茨是深受 1996年这部电影的启发，采用这种方法并成功的。故选B。
4．How does the author feel about Mr.Fritz
A．Imaginative and honest.
B．Strong willed and purposeful.
C．Generous and easy going.
D．Energetic and open minded.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When Mr.Fritz proclaimed that he'd do the same with the ibises, he was initially laughed at.But through years of trial and error, he succeeded.”可知，弗里茨用一架飞行器引导着隐鹮迁徙，最初该想法被人嘲笑，但经过多年的反复试验他成功了，这说明弗里茨非常有意志力；结合第五段“‘It's not so much a job，’ he added，‘but my life's purpose.’”可知，弗里茨表示引导隐鹮迁徙是他的人生目标，由此可推知，弗里茨是一个意志坚定、目标明确的人。故选B。
B
(2025·惠州市二调)
On a windy day, 40 middle school students stand by the Harlem River in New York City. Their teacher, Mr. White, pulls a metal cage out of the river. Inside are clusters of oysters (牡蛎). The last time they were here, the oysters were babies.
The students' job is to measure how much the oysters have grown and test the river water for pollutants. They will report their findings to researchers at the Billion Oyster Project (BOP). Why work so hard To make the city's waterways healthy again.
Oysters are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life.So they are also called a keystone species. If a keystone species disappears, other plants and animals may die out. That's exactly what happened 100 years ago in New York Harbor. Before then, lots of oysters lived here. The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.
The oysters were in trouble for another reason. Pollution was pouring into the waters of the growing city, and few types of animals could live in it. Since the 1970s, new laws have helped reduce toxic(有毒的) waste. Some fish started to swim through again. But oysters were still missing—until recently. The BOP began in 2014 to help bring oysters back to New York Harbor. So far, students and volunteers have placed about 25，000，000 oysters into the harbor.
“The oysters definitely look much bigger now，” says a student named Kelly. Taking turns, the kids measure all the oysters, then compare notes. The biggest oyster is over 2 inches long, much bigger than a healthy size for its age.
As more oysters grow, the water should become clearer. Also, other animals should move in.Finally, the students put the oysters back in the cage. Mr. White lowers it into the river. When the oysters are big enough, they will be moved to the middle of the harbor. For today, everyone agrees: the future is looking bright for New York Harbor.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，主题为人与自然，介绍了纽约市的港湾里重新出现的牡蛎对重建健康的海底生态系统的帮助。
5．Why are oysters called a keystone species
A．They grow quickly.
B．They are delicious.
C．They support underwater life.
D．They are able to resist pollution.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Oysters are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life. So they are also called a keystone species. (牡蛎对它们与植物、鱼类和其他生物共享的水下群落至关重要。因此，它们也被称为关键物种。)”可知，牡蛎被称为关键物种是因为它们支持水下的生态。故选C项。
6．What was the problem with oysters over a century ago
A．A period of disappearance.
B．Over consumption by people.
C．Lack of clean and safe habitat.
D．Competition with other species.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.(牡蛎很好吃——也许太好吃了。到20世纪初，人们吃它们的速度超过了它们的生长速度。)”可知，牡蛎深受食客的喜爱而被过度捕捞。故选B。
7．What's the goal of the Billion Oyster Project
A．To grow more oysters.
B．To collect useful data.
C．To protect water plants.
D．To restore waterways.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The BOP began in 2014 to help bring oysters back to New York Harbor.(该BOP项目始于2014年，目的是帮助将牡蛎带回纽约港。)”以及第六段“As more oysters grow, the water should become clearer.(随着越来越多的牡蛎生长，水应该会变得更清澈。)”可知，Billion Oyster Project的目标是修复水道。故选D项。
8．What may be the future outlook for New York Harbor
A.Promising. B．Uncertain.
C．Disappointing. D．Unchanged.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For today, everyone agrees: the future is looking bright for New York Harbor.(今天，每个人都同意：纽约港的未来是光明的。)”可知，纽约港未来是光明的。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Children are not often invited to address the United Nations General Assembly (联合国大会). But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a(n) 1. question about climate change.
“We children know that adults are 2. the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，” he said. “But we don't understand why there is so little 3. .”
Before his speech, Finkbeiner had been 4. a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since 5. into a global network of children working to 6. the earth's warming by reforesting the planet. Most of them are between the ages 9 and 12.
The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school 7. in Finkbeiner's hometown. The topic was climate change.
In his report, Finkbeiner 8. to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to 9. his report to other students and the headmaster. Of course, no one 10. anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. His campaign was a 11. and had a dramatic close. By the time he delivered his 12. at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree.
“If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would 13. ，” he says now, a little 14. ， “I would have insisted my mother buy a more 15. one.”
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Felix Finkbeiner为解决环境问题而种树的故事。
1．A.easy B．political
C．serious D．awkward
解析：C 句意：但Felix Finkbeiner站在那里，对气候变化提出了一个严肃的问题。A.easy容易的；B.political政治的；C.serious严肃的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据后文“‘We children know that adults are 2 the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，’ he said. ‘But we don't understand why there is so little 3 .’”可知，气候变化是一个严肃的问题。故选C项。
2．A.aware of B．addicted to
C．afraid of D．curious about
解析：A 句意：他说：“我们这些孩子知道，成年人意识到了气候挑战，也有解决办法。”A.aware of意识到；B.addicted to沉溺于；C.afraid of害怕；D.curious about好奇。根据前文“But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a(n) 1 question about climate change.”可知，成年人已经意识到了气候挑战。故选A项。
3．A.profit B．action
C．water D．luck
解析：B 句意：“但我们不明白为什么行动这么少。”A.profit利润；B.action行动；C.water水；D.luck运气。根据前文“‘We children know that adults are 2 the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，’ he said. ‘But we don't understand why there is so little’”可知，成年人意识到问题，也知道解决办法，但行动远远不够。故选B项。
4．A.avoiding B．planning
C．advertising D．leading
解析：D 句意：在他发表演讲之前， Finkbeiner已经领导了一个了不起的环境运动四年，并已扩展为一个全球儿童网络，致力于通过重新造林来减缓地球变暖。A.avoiding避免；B.planning计划；C.advertising做广告；D.leading领导。根据后文“a remarkable environmental campaign for four years”可知，Finkbeiner领导了一个了不起的环境运动。故选D项。
5．A.expanded B．broken
C．run D．looked
解析：A 句意同上。A.expanded扩展；B.broken打破；C.run跑；D.looked看。根据前文“Finkbeiner had been 4 a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since”和后文“into a global network of children working to 6 the earth's warming by reforesting the planet”可知， Finkbeiner领导的环境运动，已扩展为一个全球儿童网络。故选A项。
6．A.record B．know
C．slow D．measure
解析：C 句意同上。A.record记录；B.know知道；C.slow减缓；D.measure测量。根据后文“the earth's warming by reforesting the planet”可知，全球儿童网络致力于通过重新造林来减缓地球变暖。故选C项。
7．A.play B．assignment
C．accident D．object
解析：B 句意：重新造林的努力可以追溯到Finkbeiner家乡四年级的一项作业。A.play游戏；B.assignment作业；C.accident事故；D.object对象。根据前文“The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school”和后文“Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to 9 his report to other students and the headmaster.”可知，Finkbeiner四年级的一项作业是与重新造林有关的。故选B项。
8．A.declined B．pretended
C．started D．promised
解析：D 句意：Finkbeiner在报告中承诺在德国种植100万棵树。A.declined下降；B.pretended假装；C.started开始；D.promised承诺。根据后文“to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to 9 his report to other students and the headmaster.”可知，Finkbeiner在报告中承诺在德国种植100万棵树。故选D项。
9．A.mail B．donate
C．present D．sell
解析：C 句意：Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，并让他把报告拿给其他学生和校长看。A.mail邮寄；B.donate捐赠；C.present呈现，展示；D.sell卖。根据前文“Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to”和后文“his report to other students and the headmaster”可知，Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，让他把报告展示给其他学生和校长看。故选C项。
10．A.wanted B．expected
C．asked D．needed
解析：B 句意：当然，没人指望会有什么结果。A.wanted想要；B.expected期望；C.asked要求；D.needed需要。根据前文“no one”和后文“anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. ”可知，没人期望这个植树计划会有什么结果，但Finkbeiner种下了第一棵树，开始了他的行动。故选B项。
11．A.disaster B．joke
C．show D．hit
解析：D 句意：他的植树运动大受欢迎，并取得引人注目的成功。A.disaster灾难；B.joke玩笑；C.show演出；D.hit打击，大受欢迎的人或事。根据后文“had a dramatic close”以及“By the time he delivered his 12 at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree.”可知，他的植树运动大受欢迎，获得成功。故选D项。
12．A.speech B．tree
C．evidence D．package
解析：A 句意：2011年，13岁的他在纽约联合国发表演讲时，德国已经种下了第100万棵树。A.speech演讲；B.tree树；C.evidence证据；D.package包裹。根据前文“he delivered his”和后文“at the UN in New York in 2011”以及文章开头可知，13岁的Finkbeiner在纽约联合国发表演讲。故选A项。
13．A.receive B.miss
C．know D．grow
解析：A 句意：“如果我当时知道那棵苹果树会受到如此多的国际媒体报道，”他现在有点遗憾地说，“我会坚持让我母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树。”A.receive收到；B.miss想念；C.know知道；D.grow成长。根据前文“If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would”可知，Finkbeiner种的那棵苹果树受到很多的国际媒体报道。故选A项。
14．A.forgetfully B．unwillingly
C．apologetically D．regretfully
解析：D 句意同上。A.forgetfully健忘地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.apologetically抱歉地；D.regretfully遗憾地。根据前文“‘If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would 13 ，’ he says now, a little”和后文“I would have insisted my mother buy a more 15 one.”可知，Finkbeiner没有坚持让母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树，感到很遗憾。故选D项。
15．A.typical B.impressive
C．genuine D．important
解析：B 句意同上。A.typical典型的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.genuine真诚的；D.important重要的。根据前文“‘If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would 13 ，’ he says now, a little 14 ， ‘I would have insisted my mother buy a more’”可知，Finkbeiner很遗憾自己没有坚持让母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树。故选B项。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·重庆质检)
Marco stared at the blank canvas(油画布) spreading out before him, its stark whiteness almost laughing at his sudden lack of inspiration.He was in his final year of high school, and his art portfolio(艺术作品集) was fast approaching its due date in a week.This canvas was meant to be his masterpiece, the crown jewel of his collection, but all his ideas seemed to escape the moment he stood before it.“What's wrong with me What should I do？” Marco murmured to himself.
Having grown up in the bustling city of New York, Marco had always found beauty in the chaos.The harshness of roaring cars, the colorful palette of street art, the symphony of diverse tongues and the odd behavior of the passengers—all served as inspirations for his art.Yet, now, when it mattered most, he found himself lost.
Upset and distressed, Macro walked out, longing to run across something unexpected.Unaware of the duration of his wandering through the streets of the city, Marco chanced upon a small, hidden park he had never noticed before.It was a pocket of quiet amid the urban uproar, which attracted Marco immediately.An old man sat on a bench, feeding pigeons that flocked around him in a dance of fluttering wings.
The old man noticed Marco's thoughtful gaze and gestured him over.They struck up a conversation aimlessly, as if they had been old friends for a long time.In their talk, everything was full of interest from life to art.At last Marco confided (吐露) his artistic block to the old man.The old man listened intently before offering a piece of wisdom.And then, the old man stood up slowly and patted Marco's shoulder softly.“Sometimes, the best inspiration comes from the places we least expect.Look beyond what you see，” the gentleman said in all earnestness.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
The next day, Marco returned to his canvas.
The time to present his portfolio came soon.
【写作提示】
故事人物 马尔科、一位老人
故事梗概 马尔科在画画上陷入了困境，他又沮丧又苦恼。于是，他出去走走，寻找灵感。他偶然发现一座以前从未注意过的隐蔽的小公园，在那里他与一位喂鸽子的老人闲聊了起来。他们的谈话从生活到艺术，一切都充满了乐趣。在听到马尔科吐露了自己的艺术瓶颈后，那位老人非常认真地对马尔科说：“有时候，最好的灵感来自我们最意想不到的地方。不要局限于眼前的景象。”
续写要点 第一段：1.描写马尔科调整自己的思绪；2.描写马尔科开始作画。 第二段：1.描写马尔科成功完成了作品；2.描写马尔科最终找到了自己真正的声音。
参考范文：
The next day, Marco returned to his canvas.This time, he closed his eyes and let his mind wander to the park, to the old man, and to the conversation they had.He thought about the peace and calm within the chaos of his city and the unseen stories of the people who lived there.With a deep breath, Marco began to paint, not what he saw, but what he felt.He painted the serenity of the park, the wisdom in the old man's eyes, and the dance of the pigeons.He painted the soul of the city, not its appearance.
The time to present his portfolio came soon.With no doubt, Marco's final piece was met with awe.It was more than just a painting；it was a narrative, a piece of his heart, a glimpse into the unseen beauty of the world around him.From the old man's words: “Inspiration is everywhere, in every moment, in every encounter.We just need to open our hearts to it.” Marco learned to look beyond the surface and see the unseen canvas that the world offered.He found his true voice as an artist.
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：关爱地球、保护环境；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild；必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature；选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature；选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world；选择性必修第三册 Unit 6 Nature in words)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
1. Due to (由于) the development of industry, the environment around us has been damaged 2. severely (severe), causing droughts, 3. floods (水灾), infections and other disasters which 4. have affected (affect) our life. Therefore, sustainable development has become the major target of human beings.
Here are some ways to solve the problem. First of all, if we want to reduce smog or fog and the 5. release (释放) of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, we have to make full use of renewable and reusable resources, such as solar energy, and electric energy. Besides, in our daily life, 6. when we turn off electrical appliances such as the bulb, the TV, and the computer, please remember 7. to remove (remove) the plugs from their power 8. supplies (供应) immediately. Don't make them go into stand by mode, because 9. electricity (电) continues to leak from the device in this case. 10. Additionally (additional), we should plant more trees and establish more nature reserves, since trees can give out 11. a large amount of (大量) fresh air, and nature reserves can ensure that 12. endangered (endanger) species won't be hunted cruelly, and even can keep far away from 13. extinction (extinct). Most importantly, while developing industry with great efforts, the local government should take environmental protection 14. into account. In school, we can hold some lectures 15. using (use) slides to present some correct behavior and 16. urge students to follow (敦促学生们去遵守) it.
As far as I'm concerned, if we have 17. a positive attitude, 18. adopt proper ways (采用合适的方法) and devote 19. ourselves (our) to the environmental campaigns, we can 20. contribute to (为……作贡献) a greener and cleaner world.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．shark n． 鲨(鱼)
2．fin v． 切去(鱼的)鳍 n． 鱼鳍
3．dive v． (通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
4．ocean n. 海洋，大海
5．highlight v. 使……突出，使注意力集中于
6．staff n． 员工
7．drought n． 旱灾，干旱
8．flood n. 洪水，水灾
9．restore v. 使恢复
10．sustainable adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的
11．bulb n. 灯泡
12．renewable adj. (能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的
13．carbon n. 碳
14．greenhouse n． 温室，暖房
15．reusable adj. 可再度使用的，可多次使用的
16．brochure n. 小册子
17．solar adj. 利用太阳光(能)的
18．release v. 释放，排放
19．smog n. 烟雾，雾霾
20．fog n. 雾
21．infection n. 感染，传染病
22．slide n. 幻灯片
23．false adj. 不正确的，错误的
24．device n． 设备，仪器，装置
25．stand by adj. 备用的
26．mode n． (机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式
27．leak v． (使)漏，(使)渗漏
28．appliance n． 家用电器，家用器具
29．plug n． (电)插头
30．litre n． 升，公升
31．campaign n. (宣传)活动
32．canteen n． (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. target v. 把……作为目标
2. attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
3. damage v．破损，损害，损伤
4. affect v．影响
5. supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
6. lecture n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲
7. amount n．数量，数额
8. remove v．移走，搬走，去掉
9. average adj. 平均(数)的
单词拼写
1．(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply (供应) of fresh greens.
2．(2024·浙江卷) Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures (讲座), read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
3．(2024·浙江卷) We affect (影响)only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.
4．(2023·浙江卷) Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged (损害) the U．S. agricultural economy.
5．(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) The task John set for himself was to remove (去掉) harmful substances from some sludge.
6．(2023·全国甲卷) The average (平均的) spend per project will be around 823.
7．In communication, a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude (态度).
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→ scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的→ scaring adj.让人害怕的→ scary adj.引起恐慌的
2. fortunately adv. 幸运地→ fortunate adj.幸运的→ fortune n．幸运
3. extinction n．灭绝，绝种→ extinct adj.灭绝的
4. devote v. 致力，献身，倾注→ devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的→ devotion n. 关爱，奉献，专心
5. cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴 → cruel adj.残酷的，残忍的
6. hunting n．打猎，狩猎→ hunt v．打猎
7. presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明→ present v．提出，介绍，呈现
8. reserve n．(野生生物)保护区→ reservation n.预定，预约
9. establish v．建立，设立→ establishment n．确认，指定
10. adopt v. 采取(某种方法)收养→ adopted adj.收养的，领养的→ adoption n．采用，收养
11. reduce v. 减少，降低→ reduction n．减少
12. severe adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→ severely adv.严重地
13. permission n. 允许，许可→ permit vt. 允许
14. majority n．多数，大多数(人或物)→ major v. 主修 adj.主要的，重要的
15. urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→ urgent adj.紧急的
16. electricity n．电→ electrical adj.与电有关的
17. concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→ concern v．涉及，与……有关；使担心，使担忧 n．担心，忧虑，焦虑 → concerning prep. 关于，就……而言
18. contribute v. 促成，造成(某事发生) → contribution n．贡献，捐献
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.(scare)
2．Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)
3．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (major)
4. Recently, I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa. Fortunately ， I have a chance to travel with another Chinese.(fortune)
5．Now many kinds of electrical appliances are powered by electric energy converted by solar energy.(electricity)
6. Concerning her mother's age, she is concerned about her health.(concern)
7．Mr White is the adopted son of Mrs Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her adoption ， Mr White could receive a good education and become an engineer.(adopt)
8．She contributed all her life to the scientific career and no doubt her contribution won admiration of people all over the country. (contribute)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. due to 因为，由于
2. take...into account 把……考虑进去
3. in fear 恐惧，担心
4. cut off 切断；阻断，隔绝
5. rather than 而不是
6. by mistake 错误地；疏忽地
7. aim at... 目标是……；旨在做……
8. take steps 采取措施
9. mistake...for... 把……误认为……
10. up to 多达，高达
11. call on 号召
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
2．LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
3．People who put in 300 minutes a week of exercise had a 20% lower risk of death due to heart disease.
4．The author refused the help from the man in the house because she mistook him for a tour guide.
5．I am writing to invite you to join the table tennis team aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.
6．The mayor should take steps to deal with the holiday rush in our city.
7．Struck by the terrible earthquake, his village was cut off from the outside.
1.“ v．＋al”→名词
①remove→removal 移动
②arrive→arrival 到达
③survive→survival 幸存
④approve→approval 赞成
⑤refuse→refusal 拒绝
2．有“电”一族
①electricity n．电
②electric adj. 用电的，电动的
③electrical adj. 与电有关的
④electronic adj. 电子的
3．“自然灾害”集合
①drought n. 干旱
②tornado n. 龙卷风
③snowstorm n. 暴风雪
④storm n. 暴风雨
⑤tsunami n. 海啸
⑥landslide n. 滑坡
⑦flood n. 洪灾，水灾
1.Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film．
由于害怕电影里那种可怕的生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了。
【考点凝练】形容词(短语)作状语
2．Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人开始对了解它们感兴趣。
【考点凝练】部分否定
3．However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍，耗水则多达三倍。
【考点凝练】倍数表达法
[语境活用] ——经典句式仿写
1．饥寒交迫，那个小女孩不停地哭泣。(形容词短语作状语)
Cold and hungry ，the little girl kept crying.
2．不出意料，并不是所有人都同意事情在变好。(部分否定)
Unsurprisingly, not everyone agrees that things are better ．
3．这个大厅是我们的教室的五倍大。(倍数表达法as...as)
This hall is five times as big as our classroom.
核 心 词 汇
1．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
(3)It is not wise for parents to try to scare their children into behaving (behave) well.
(4)We were scared (scare) to death when we found the ground was shaking.
归纳拓展
·scare...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事
·scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物
be scared of doing sth./to do sth.害怕做某事
be scared that...害怕……
be scared to death吓得要死
基础练习·单句语法填空
(5)Elli and I were scared that the bear would return, so we climbed into the helicopter.
→ Scared that the bear would return ， Elli and I climbed into the helicopter.(形容词短语作状语)
2．target v．把……作为目标，把……作为批评的对象 n．目标；对象；靶子
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted (target) campaigns to cheat people.
(2)The target people for hunting should be those devoted to sustainable development.
(3)This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets (target) of cheating.
归纳拓展
·target sth. on/at sb./sth.把某物瞄准某人/某物
be targeted at目标是；面向
·a target for...……的目标
set a target制定目标
meet/achieve a target完成/达到目标
·targeted adj.有针对性的，定向的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我听说这个项目是针对英语流利的学生。(应用文写作之申请信)
I heard that the programme is targeted at students who speak English fluently.
3．devote vt.致力，献身，倾注；致力于；专心致志于；把……用于
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Though young, Jo devoted herself to reducing pollution.
(2)Leslie Nielsen's devotion (devote) to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
归纳拓展
·devote...to (doing) sth.把……用在/献给(做)某事上
devote oneself to献身于；致力于
·devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的；献身的
be devoted to (doing) sth.献身于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事
·devotion n．奉献；关爱；忠诚
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)I devoted myself to community activities and was praised by the people around.(应用文之申请信)
→ Devoting myself to community activities ，I was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→ Devoted to community activities ，I was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
4．affect v．影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting (affect) the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
(2)Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects (affect) performance.
(3)Though affected with a kind of severe disease，he continued with his work.
归纳拓展
·be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with 感染……疾病
·effect n．作用；影响
have an effect/influence on对……产生影响
·affection n．喜爱
have/feel affection for喜爱，钟爱
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)The audience were deeply affected by the film，and they couldn't hold back tears.
→ Deeply affected by the film ，the audience couldn't hold back tears.(用分词短语作状语改写)
(5)我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。(应用文之人物介绍)
I have/feel much affection for my mum ，whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
5．urge v．敦促，竭力主张，强烈要求 n．强烈的欲望；冲动
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I never felt an urge to learn (learn) any sign language before.
(2)Due to all this extra time, there was no sense of urgency (urge) to do my schoolwork immediately.
(3)He asked to see the manager for something urgent (urge).
归纳拓展
·urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事
urge that sb. (should) do sth.极力主张某人做某事
It is urged that...(should) do sth.坚决要求……
·have an urge to do sth.渴望做某事
·urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的
urgency n．紧急的事
【点津】urge后跟that从句时或在句型It is urged that...中，that从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
→Our teacher urges us to study hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb. to do sth.)
→Our teacher urges that we (should) study hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge that)
6．concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的；担心的；感兴趣的；有关的；参与的
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1) (2024·浙江卷) Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning (concern) their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies.
(2)Fortunately，I came to know Professor Smith，who showed concern for/about my study.
(3)As far as I'm concerned (concern)，what the parents think is right，but what they do is wrong.
归纳拓展
·as far as...be concerned 就……而言
be concerned about/for对……担心/关心
be concerned with 与……有关
·concern vt.涉及；与……有关；(使)担忧n.担心；忧虑；关心；(利害)关系
show/express concern for/about 对……表示关心
·concerning prep.关于
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我们真的很关心，也很想知道你的最新情况。
We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates.
(5)让我担心的是我的期末考试将在两周后举行，所以我现在得为它做准备。
What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held in two weeks, so I have to make preparations for it now.
7．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；捐献；贡献；投稿
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·浙江卷) Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
(2)The staff in the company have made important contributions (contribute) to the environment.
(3)If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.
归纳拓展
·contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；投稿
contribute(...) to...向……捐赠……；为……撰稿(to为介词)
contribute to (doing) sth.有助于(做)某事
·make a contribution to...对……做出贡献；向……捐款
make contributions to...对……做出贡献
·contributor n．捐赠者；捐款者；投稿人
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处，江苏省将会为“一带一路”的建设做出更多的贡献。
Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu Province will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. (contribute)
8．take...into account/consideration (＝take account of)考虑到……，把……考虑进去
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
(2)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
归纳拓展
·account v．认为；说明；总计有n.账目；说明；理由
account for 说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
·on account of由于，因为
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
give an account of...叙述/描述……
·accountant n．会计员；会计师
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into consideration/account ．(升级加黑词汇)
重 点 句 型
部分否定
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.
幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I agree with most of what you said，but I don't agree with everything ．
(2)He told me all the lectures, but none of them was very exciting.
(3) Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.
归纳拓展
该句是表示部分否定的句型。not everyone...＝everyone...not...，意为“并非每个人都……”。
·当not与all，both, everyone, everybody，everything以及“every＋名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。
·注意：当表示完全否定意义时，英语中常用no，none，nobody，nothing，no one, neither等词与谓语动词的肯定式连用来表达。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)事实是并不是每个人都重视时间管理。
①The truth is that not everyone is attaching importance to time management.(not everyone...)
②The truth is that everyone isn't attaching importance to time management.(everyone...not)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Large amounts of money were donated (donate) to a charity last month.
2．They urged that more nature reserves (should) be established (establish).
3．A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting sustainable (sustain) development in all countries.
4. Devoted (devote) to the job, she spends very little free time at home.
5．I admire the clear, organized presentation (present) of her arguments.
6．Pages should not be copied without the permission (permit) of the publisher.
7. Fortunately (fortunate), the majority (major) of crops had been harvested before the storm hit this area. The loss was reduced (reduce) greatly.
8．I'm scared (scare) of telling her what really happened in the flood. Many houses were damaged (damage) and some people even lost their lives.
9．He is concerned (concern) about the extinction (extinct) of the wolf in this area so he appeals to everyone to protect animals. At the same time, he suggested that the government should forbid illegal hunting (hunt).
10．This invention making a major contribution (contribute) to road safety has been adopted (adopt) widely in the country in the past two years.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．lecture
(1)What makes me annoyed is that he is always lecturing me about my behavior. C
(2)I feel greatly honored to deliver a lecture which is designed for senior three students. (应用文写作之演讲稿) A
(3)As a senior high school student, I know I must stop smoking—don't give me a lecture about it. B
2．average
A．n.平均水平 B．v.平均为 C．adj.平均的
D．adj.普通的 E．v.算出……的平均数
(1)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour. B
(2)The average American has not even thought about next year's election. D
(3)According to the statistics，on average，a person produces about 2 kilograms of garbage per day. A
(4)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. E
(5)The age of the candidates ranged from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37. C
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The band's first album is due for release later this month. 预计
(2)The sales manager will give a presentation on the new products. 介绍会，发布会
(3)Police have released no further details about the accident. 公开，公布，发布
(4)(2024·全国甲卷)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. 辨别，识别
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是学生会成员李华，为号召大家积极参与节约用水活动，请你代表学生会发出一份倡议书，内容包括：
1．发出倡议的原因和目的；
2．用水浪费的现象和节约用水的方法；
3．发出倡议。
1．因为水污染和持续增长的人口，我们人类面临严重的水危机。(due to; severe)
Due to water pollution and growing population, we humans are faced with severe water crisis.
2．为了保护有限的水资源，我们学校近期开展了节约用水活动。(campaign)
In order to protect the limited water resource, the water saving campaign has been held recently in our school.
3．事实上，我们大部分人在日常生活中都浪费水。(majority)
Actually, the majority of us waste water in our daily life.
4．比如：很多人花太多的时间淋浴，并且洗手之后不及时关水龙头。这都导致了大量的水浪费。(amount)
For example, many people spend too much time having a shower and don't turn off the tap immediately after washing hands and both of them lead to the waste of a large amount of water.
5．因此，我敦促立即采取有效措施提高每个人的节约用水的意识。(urge；adopt)
Therefore，I urge that effective measures should be adopted to raise everyone's awareness of saving water.
6．首先，我们可以采用盆浴代替淋浴。洗完手之后立即关掉水龙头。除此之外，考虑循环使用水。(take...into account; reusable)
First of all, we can take a bath instead of taking a shower, and turn off the tap immediately after washing hands. Besides, take reusable water into account.
7．亲爱的朋友，我坚信，如果每个人都为我们的社会做出一点贡献，我们就能一起带来巨大的改变。(contribution)
My dear friends, I firmly believe that if everyone makes a little contribution to our society, we can make a huge difference together.
[句式升级]
将第4 句用定语从句进行改写升级。
For example, many people spend too much time having a shower and don't turn off the tap immediately after washing hands, both of which lead to the waste of a large amount of water.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
Due to water pollution and growing population, we humans are faced with severe water crisis. In order to protect the limited water resource, the water saving campaign has been held recently in our school.
Actually, the majority of us waste water in our daily life. For example, many people spend too much time having a shower and don't turn off the tap immediately after washing hands, both of which lead to the waste of a large amount of water. Therefore, I urge that effective measures should be adopted to raise everyone's awareness of saving water. First of all, we can take a bath instead of taking a shower, and turn off the tap immediately after washing hands. Besides, take reusable water into account.
My dear friends, I firmly believe that if everyone makes a little contribution to our society, we can make a huge difference together.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
情感描写之“焦虑”“担忧”和“绝望”
形容词/副词 anxious, worried, worrying, helpless, hopeless, concerned, anxiously
名词 anxiety, worry, helplessness，
hopelessness, concern
短语 with anxiety, be concerned about, be worried about
句子 ①As a result of an accident, Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness. ②Tony felt left out and was getting desperate with loneliness. ③We sat waiting impatiently for the film to start.
(二)语段写作
第一步：按要求用表示“焦虑”“担忧”和“绝望”的表达完成句子
1．他们在山里迷路了，只好焦急地等待救援。
Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously ．(副词)
2．随着夜色渐深，他们越来越担忧。
As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried ．(形容词)
3．树林开始起雾了，他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加无助。 (一句多译)
Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, which undoubtedly left them even more helpless ．(非限制性定语从句)
→Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless ．(动词 ing短语作状语)
4．托尼无助地站在那里，皱着眉。
Tony stood there helplessly ， frowning.(副词＋简单句)
5．玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。
Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear ．(介词短语＋简单句)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously. As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried. Worse still/Even worse, fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless. Tony stood there helplessly, frowning. Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear.
强化训练[12]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广西一模)
Johannes Fritz, a biologist, needed to come up with a plan, again, if he was going to prevent his rare and beloved birds from going extinct.
To survive the European winter, the northern bald ibis (隐鹮)—which had once disappeared entirely from the wild on the continent—needs to migrate south for the winter, over the Alps, before the mountains become impassable.But shifting climate patterns have delayed them when the birds begin to migrate, and they are now reaching the mountains too late to make it over the peaks, locking them in an icy death trap.Determined to save them, Mr.Fritz decided he would teach the birds a new, safer migration route by guiding them himself in a tiny aircraft.And he was confident he could succeed in this daring, unconventional plan because he had done it before.
Mr.Fritz was his young pupils' sole provider of food, love and cuddles since they'd been just a few days old, and the ibises eagerly followed their teacher.He learned to fly, modifying an ultralight aircraft so it would cruise at speeds slow enough for his winged students to keep up.In 2014, three years after some initially bumpy experiments, Mr.Fritz led the first flock from Austria to Italy, and has since led 15 such migrations.Over that time, he has rewilded 277 young ibises, many of which then started to pass the route on to their own young.For now, however, the main worry is getting the birds to follow the aircraft.“While they have a strong bond with their‘mothers’ and follow them around on the ground, flying is more difficult，” Fritz said.
“Fly Away Home was a huge hit with us biologists，” Mr.Fritz said, recalling the 1996 movie in which characters lead the migration of orphaned Canada geese in a hang glider.When Mr.Fritz proclaimed that he'd do the same with the ibises, he was initially laughed at.But through years of trial and error, he succeeded.He even learned to fly like a bird, he said, soaring with ease.Mr.Fritz's two sons, both now teenagers, followed their flying father and the migrating birds on the ground, and his family and colleagues witnessed the risks he was taking.“But the inevitable risks are necessary，” Mr.Fritz said.
“It's not so much a job，” he added, “but my life's purpose.”
语篇导读：本文主要讲述了生物学家约翰内斯·弗里茨为了防止他心爱的稀有鸟类灭绝，决定教它们一条新的迁徙路线并获得成功的故事。
1．Why did the northern bald ibis fail to migrate south for the winter
A．The impassable mountains.
B．The late arrival of Mr.Fritz.
C．The daring and unconventional plan.
D．The shifting climate patterns.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But shifting climate patterns have delayed them when the birds begin to migrate...in an icy deathtrap.”可知，不断变化的气候模式导致隐鹮无法及时越过山峰迁徙到南方过冬。故选D。
2．According to paragraph 3, what is Fritz's present concern
A．Complicated situations in the flying.
B．The fast speed of the aircraft.
C．A strong attachment to their mother.
D．Limited migration support.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For now, however, the main worry is getting the birds to follow the aircraft... around on the ground, flying is more difficult...”可知，弗里茨现在的主要担忧是如何让鸟儿跟随飞行器飞行，即飞行中的复杂情况。故选A。
3．What can we know from paragraph 4
A．Mr.Fritz was heavily favored by those around.
B．Mr.Fritz was greatly inspired by the 1996 movie.
C．Mr.Fritz set a ridiculous example for his two sons.
D．Mr.Fritz convinced people around to witness the risks.
解析：B 推理判断题。第四段第一句提到电影《伴你高飞》中一只加拿大黑雁被一架飞行器引导着迁徙，该电影在生物学家中大受欢迎。再结合下文“But through years of trial and error, he succeeded.He even learned to fly like a bird, he said, soaring with ease.”可推知，弗里茨是深受 1996年这部电影的启发，采用这种方法并成功的。故选B。
4．How does the author feel about Mr.Fritz
A．Imaginative and honest.
B．Strong willed and purposeful.
C．Generous and easy going.
D．Energetic and open minded.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When Mr.Fritz proclaimed that he'd do the same with the ibises, he was initially laughed at.But through years of trial and error, he succeeded.”可知，弗里茨用一架飞行器引导着隐鹮迁徙，最初该想法被人嘲笑，但经过多年的反复试验他成功了，这说明弗里茨非常有意志力；结合第五段“‘It's not so much a job，’ he added，‘but my life's purpose.’”可知，弗里茨表示引导隐鹮迁徙是他的人生目标，由此可推知，弗里茨是一个意志坚定、目标明确的人。故选B。
B
(2025·惠州市二调)
On a windy day, 40 middle school students stand by the Harlem River in New York City. Their teacher, Mr. White, pulls a metal cage out of the river. Inside are clusters of oysters (牡蛎). The last time they were here, the oysters were babies.
The students' job is to measure how much the oysters have grown and test the river water for pollutants. They will report their findings to researchers at the Billion Oyster Project (BOP). Why work so hard To make the city's waterways healthy again.
Oysters are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life.So they are also called a keystone species. If a keystone species disappears, other plants and animals may die out. That's exactly what happened 100 years ago in New York Harbor. Before then, lots of oysters lived here. The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.
The oysters were in trouble for another reason. Pollution was pouring into the waters of the growing city, and few types of animals could live in it. Since the 1970s, new laws have helped reduce toxic(有毒的) waste. Some fish started to swim through again. But oysters were still missing—until recently. The BOP began in 2014 to help bring oysters back to New York Harbor. So far, students and volunteers have placed about 25，000，000 oysters into the harbor.
“The oysters definitely look much bigger now，” says a student named Kelly. Taking turns, the kids measure all the oysters, then compare notes. The biggest oyster is over 2 inches long, much bigger than a healthy size for its age.
As more oysters grow, the water should become clearer. Also, other animals should move in.Finally, the students put the oysters back in the cage. Mr. White lowers it into the river. When the oysters are big enough, they will be moved to the middle of the harbor. For today, everyone agrees: the future is looking bright for New York Harbor.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，主题为人与自然，介绍了纽约市的港湾里重新出现的牡蛎对重建健康的海底生态系统的帮助。
5．Why are oysters called a keystone species
A．They grow quickly.
B．They are delicious.
C．They support underwater life.
D．They are able to resist pollution.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Oysters are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life. So they are also called a keystone species. (牡蛎对它们与植物、鱼类和其他生物共享的水下群落至关重要。因此，它们也被称为关键物种。)”可知，牡蛎被称为关键物种是因为它们支持水下的生态。故选C项。
6．What was the problem with oysters over a century ago
A．A period of disappearance.
B．Over consumption by people.
C．Lack of clean and safe habitat.
D．Competition with other species.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.(牡蛎很好吃——也许太好吃了。到20世纪初，人们吃它们的速度超过了它们的生长速度。)”可知，牡蛎深受食客的喜爱而被过度捕捞。故选B。
7．What's the goal of the Billion Oyster Project
A．To grow more oysters.
B．To collect useful data.
C．To protect water plants.
D．To restore waterways.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The BOP began in 2014 to help bring oysters back to New York Harbor.(该BOP项目始于2014年，目的是帮助将牡蛎带回纽约港。)”以及第六段“As more oysters grow, the water should become clearer.(随着越来越多的牡蛎生长，水应该会变得更清澈。)”可知，Billion Oyster Project的目标是修复水道。故选D项。
8．What may be the future outlook for New York Harbor
A.Promising. B．Uncertain.
C．Disappointing. D．Unchanged.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For today, everyone agrees: the future is looking bright for New York Harbor.(今天，每个人都同意：纽约港的未来是光明的。)”可知，纽约港未来是光明的。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Children are not often invited to address the United Nations General Assembly (联合国大会). But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a(n) 1. question about climate change.
“We children know that adults are 2. the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，” he said. “But we don't understand why there is so little 3. .”
Before his speech, Finkbeiner had been 4. a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since 5. into a global network of children working to 6. the earth's warming by reforesting the planet. Most of them are between the ages 9 and 12.
The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school 7. in Finkbeiner's hometown. The topic was climate change.
In his report, Finkbeiner 8. to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to 9. his report to other students and the headmaster. Of course, no one 10. anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. His campaign was a 11. and had a dramatic close. By the time he delivered his 12. at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree.
“If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would 13. ，” he says now, a little 14. ， “I would have insisted my mother buy a more 15. one.”
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Felix Finkbeiner为解决环境问题而种树的故事。
1．A.easy B．political
C．serious D．awkward
解析：C 句意：但Felix Finkbeiner站在那里，对气候变化提出了一个严肃的问题。A.easy容易的；B.political政治的；C.serious严肃的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据后文“‘We children know that adults are 2 the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，’ he said. ‘But we don't understand why there is so little 3 .’”可知，气候变化是一个严肃的问题。故选C项。
2．A.aware of B．addicted to
C．afraid of D．curious about
解析：A 句意：他说：“我们这些孩子知道，成年人意识到了气候挑战，也有解决办法。”A.aware of意识到；B.addicted to沉溺于；C.afraid of害怕；D.curious about好奇。根据前文“But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a(n) 1 question about climate change.”可知，成年人已经意识到了气候挑战。故选A项。
3．A.profit B．action
C．water D．luck
解析：B 句意：“但我们不明白为什么行动这么少。”A.profit利润；B.action行动；C.water水；D.luck运气。根据前文“‘We children know that adults are 2 the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，’ he said. ‘But we don't understand why there is so little’”可知，成年人意识到问题，也知道解决办法，但行动远远不够。故选B项。
4．A.avoiding B．planning
C．advertising D．leading
解析：D 句意：在他发表演讲之前， Finkbeiner已经领导了一个了不起的环境运动四年，并已扩展为一个全球儿童网络，致力于通过重新造林来减缓地球变暖。A.avoiding避免；B.planning计划；C.advertising做广告；D.leading领导。根据后文“a remarkable environmental campaign for four years”可知，Finkbeiner领导了一个了不起的环境运动。故选D项。
5．A.expanded B．broken
C．run D．looked
解析：A 句意同上。A.expanded扩展；B.broken打破；C.run跑；D.looked看。根据前文“Finkbeiner had been 4 a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since”和后文“into a global network of children working to 6 the earth's warming by reforesting the planet”可知， Finkbeiner领导的环境运动，已扩展为一个全球儿童网络。故选A项。
6．A.record B．know
C．slow D．measure
解析：C 句意同上。A.record记录；B.know知道；C.slow减缓；D.measure测量。根据后文“the earth's warming by reforesting the planet”可知，全球儿童网络致力于通过重新造林来减缓地球变暖。故选C项。
7．A.play B．assignment
C．accident D．object
解析：B 句意：重新造林的努力可以追溯到Finkbeiner家乡四年级的一项作业。A.play游戏；B.assignment作业；C.accident事故；D.object对象。根据前文“The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school”和后文“Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to 9 his report to other students and the headmaster.”可知，Finkbeiner四年级的一项作业是与重新造林有关的。故选B项。
8．A.declined B．pretended
C．started D．promised
解析：D 句意：Finkbeiner在报告中承诺在德国种植100万棵树。A.declined下降；B.pretended假装；C.started开始；D.promised承诺。根据后文“to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to 9 his report to other students and the headmaster.”可知，Finkbeiner在报告中承诺在德国种植100万棵树。故选D项。
9．A.mail B．donate
C．present D．sell
解析：C 句意：Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，并让他把报告拿给其他学生和校长看。A.mail邮寄；B.donate捐赠；C.present呈现，展示；D.sell卖。根据前文“Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to”和后文“his report to other students and the headmaster”可知，Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，让他把报告展示给其他学生和校长看。故选C项。
10．A.wanted B．expected
C．asked D．needed
解析：B 句意：当然，没人指望会有什么结果。A.wanted想要；B.expected期望；C.asked要求；D.needed需要。根据前文“no one”和后文“anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. ”可知，没人期望这个植树计划会有什么结果，但Finkbeiner种下了第一棵树，开始了他的行动。故选B项。
11．A.disaster B．joke
C．show D．hit
解析：D 句意：他的植树运动大受欢迎，并取得引人注目的成功。A.disaster灾难；B.joke玩笑；C.show演出；D.hit打击，大受欢迎的人或事。根据后文“had a dramatic close”以及“By the time he delivered his 12 at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree.”可知，他的植树运动大受欢迎，获得成功。故选D项。
12．A.speech B．tree
C．evidence D．package
解析：A 句意：2011年，13岁的他在纽约联合国发表演讲时，德国已经种下了第100万棵树。A.speech演讲；B.tree树；C.evidence证据；D.package包裹。根据前文“he delivered his”和后文“at the UN in New York in 2011”以及文章开头可知，13岁的Finkbeiner在纽约联合国发表演讲。故选A项。
13．A.receive B.miss
C．know D．grow
解析：A 句意：“如果我当时知道那棵苹果树会受到如此多的国际媒体报道，”他现在有点遗憾地说，“我会坚持让我母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树。”A.receive收到；B.miss想念；C.know知道；D.grow成长。根据前文“If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would”可知，Finkbeiner种的那棵苹果树受到很多的国际媒体报道。故选A项。
14．A.forgetfully B．unwillingly
C．apologetically D．regretfully
解析：D 句意同上。A.forgetfully健忘地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.apologetically抱歉地；D.regretfully遗憾地。根据前文“‘If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would 13 ，’ he says now, a little”和后文“I would have insisted my mother buy a more 15 one.”可知，Finkbeiner没有坚持让母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树，感到很遗憾。故选D项。
15．A.typical B.impressive
C．genuine D．important
解析：B 句意同上。A.typical典型的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.genuine真诚的；D.important重要的。根据前文“‘If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would 13 ，’ he says now, a little 14 ， ‘I would have insisted my mother buy a more’”可知，Finkbeiner很遗憾自己没有坚持让母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树。故选B项。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·重庆质检)
Marco stared at the blank canvas(油画布) spreading out before him, its stark whiteness almost laughing at his sudden lack of inspiration.He was in his final year of high school, and his art portfolio(艺术作品集) was fast approaching its due date in a week.This canvas was meant to be his masterpiece, the crown jewel of his collection, but all his ideas seemed to escape the moment he stood before it.“What's wrong with me What should I do？” Marco murmured to himself.
Having grown up in the bustling city of New York, Marco had always found beauty in the chaos.The harshness of roaring cars, the colorful palette of street art, the symphony of diverse tongues and the odd behavior of the passengers—all served as inspirations for his art.Yet, now, when it mattered most, he found himself lost.
Upset and distressed, Macro walked out, longing to run across something unexpected.Unaware of the duration of his wandering through the streets of the city, Marco chanced upon a small, hidden park he had never noticed before.It was a pocket of quiet amid the urban uproar, which attracted Marco immediately.An old man sat on a bench, feeding pigeons that flocked around him in a dance of fluttering wings.
The old man noticed Marco's thoughtful gaze and gestured him over.They struck up a conversation aimlessly, as if they had been old friends for a long time.In their talk, everything was full of interest from life to art.At last Marco confided (吐露) his artistic block to the old man.The old man listened intently before offering a piece of wisdom.And then, the old man stood up slowly and patted Marco's shoulder softly.“Sometimes, the best inspiration comes from the places we least expect.Look beyond what you see，” the gentleman said in all earnestness.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
The next day, Marco returned to his canvas.
The time to present his portfolio came soon.
【写作提示】
故事人物 马尔科、一位老人
故事梗概 马尔科在画画上陷入了困境，他又沮丧又苦恼。于是，他出去走走，寻找灵感。他偶然发现一座以前从未注意过的隐蔽的小公园，在那里他与一位喂鸽子的老人闲聊了起来。他们的谈话从生活到艺术，一切都充满了乐趣。在听到马尔科吐露了自己的艺术瓶颈后，那位老人非常认真地对马尔科说：“有时候，最好的灵感来自我们最意想不到的地方。不要局限于眼前的景象。”
续写要点 第一段：1.描写马尔科调整自己的思绪；2.描写马尔科开始作画。 第二段：1.描写马尔科成功完成了作品；2.描写马尔科最终找到了自己真正的声音。
参考范文：
The next day, Marco returned to his canvas.This time, he closed his eyes and let his mind wander to the park, to the old man, and to the conversation they had.He thought about the peace and calm within the chaos of his city and the unseen stories of the people who lived there.With a deep breath, Marco began to paint, not what he saw, but what he felt.He painted the serenity of the park, the wisdom in the old man's eyes, and the dance of the pigeons.He painted the soul of the city, not its appearance.
The time to present his portfolio came soon.With no doubt, Marco's final piece was met with awe.It was more than just a painting；it was a narrative, a piece of his heart, a glimpse into the unseen beauty of the world around him.From the old man's words: “Inspiration is everywhere, in every moment, in every encounter.We just need to open our hearts to it.” Marco learned to look beyond the surface and see the unseen canvas that the world offered.He found his true voice as an artist.
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