第二讲 常用技法—利用词汇复现，发掘逻辑关系
解答阅读七选五题目时，考生可以借助“隐性”信息，如词汇的复现以及句间的衔接关系等解题，这要求考生具备对文章结构和内容深度分析和理解的高阶思维能力。解题时，可以先通读文章，再读选项，然后从“隐性”信息角度思考并确定最佳答案。
一、依据词汇复现解题
为了从不同角度表达同一主题的需要，作者在文章中会使用一些意义相同、相近或相反的词汇。抓住这些复现词汇，就能快速准确地匹配一些选项。其解题思路为：
(一)原词复现
原词复现是指同一个词(常为动词、名词、形容词)或短语重复出现在文中的其他句子里。这些词会以不同词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如：“looks”与“looking” “looked”； “go” 与“going” “went” 等。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句中的相同关键词。
[例1] (2025·全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults __36__ You may know the “feel good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
听讲随笔：
(二)派生词复现
派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词。派生词复现指的是同一词根构成的不同派生词在文中的重复出现。
[例2] (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
And what about that other dinner party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). __40__. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
听讲随笔：
(三)同义词/反义词复现
同义词/反义词复现是指文中空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义词/反义词在正确选项中出现。
[例3] (2024·全国甲卷·节选)
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. __38__
B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
听讲随笔：
(四)代词复现
行文中为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，常用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子； they 指代复数名词； ones 泛指复数名词；还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。其解题思路为：
[例4] (2024·浙江1月高考·节选)
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. __39__ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
D．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
听讲随笔：
二、依据句间逻辑关系解题
句间逻辑关系主要有转折、因果、并列、递进、解释、例证等。句间的逻辑关系除了借助一些特征词来体现以外，还可以从意思上来判断。表示逻辑关系的特征词主要有：
转折关系 but, however, otherwise, instead, though等
因果关系 because, so, therefore, consequently, thus等
并列关系 and, then, next, first ... second ..., also, too, or等
递进关系 what's more, besides, furthermore, further, moreover, in addition等
解释关系 mean, that is (to say)等
例证关系 for example, for instance, such as等
(一)转折关系
[例1] (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
In addition, I have an old two volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. __39__ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
A．I don't often use this dictionary.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
听讲随笔：
(二)因果关系
[例2] (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
I keep two reference books close by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典)．I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. __37__ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
听讲随笔：
(三)并列关系
[例3] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all，decide what you want from that person. __37__ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
听讲随笔：
(四)递进关系
[例4] (2025·全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
You'll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal.__40__ Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way.And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
听讲随笔：
(五)解释关系
[例5] (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·节选)
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. __40__ You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.
D．Can overtourism be avoided then
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F．You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting.
听讲随笔：
(六)例证关系
[例6] (2023·全国乙卷·节选)
...There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.__39__.
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
听讲随笔：
(2025·苏州二模)If you are trying to assess a person's character, make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading.Instead, observe the individual's ability to tell the truth and to commit.__1__
You can tell a lot about a person's character by observing how he treats other people.__2__ It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment, such as the workplace.It is often possible, however, to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him.
Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character.The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is.__3__ To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter.
__4__ The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships.Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character.
A person's character is affected by his attitude.__5__ Attitude can affect many aspects of a person's life, including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others.
When you are trying to assess someone's character, remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity.
A．More importantly, it's necessary to continue his inner struggle.
B．The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has.
C．There are many other things in life that may require commitment.
D．This includes both people he knows and people he does not know.
E．Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life.
F．Observe the person's conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies.
G．Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations.
?理清文脉很重要
“总—分—总”结构
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何评估一个人的性格，并给出了具体的方法和建议。
[答题区] 1～5____________
第二讲 常用技法
一、依据词汇复现解题
例1 空前提及寻找凝聚家庭的方式和共同爱好。空后阐述志愿服务的好处。B项“以家庭为单位参加志愿者活动可能正是你需要的”直接回答前文问题并引出志愿活动这个主题，承上启下，符合语境。选项中的family与段首句中的family属于原词复现。
例2 本段第一句为段落主题句，主要讲到面对dinner party killer: awkward silence (晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人”符合语境。G项中的awkwardness是本段主题句中的awkward的派生词，属于派生词复现，且选项与段落主题一致。
例3 前文提到，如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了。选项E“相反，要让自己身边都是健康食物”与上文是转折关系，提供了一个具体的建议，帮助避免暴饮暴食，符合语境。该空上文中的unhealthy与选项E中的healthy是反义词复现。
例4 根据空后一句中的人称代词He和句意“他注意到他的在线学生最后的成绩通常较低”可知，该代词指代一个人，且职业应为老师。对比选项，选项D的句子主语“Professor Alex Davidson”在身份上与He相符，其他选项中没有符合可指代的人。
二、依据句间逻辑关系解题
例1 本题可利用转折关系解题。根据空后的“However”可知，上下文是转折关系。A项“我并不经常使用这本词典”与后文“然而，如果需要查词的起源或了解其用法示例，没有比《牛津英语大词典(简编本)》更好的了”形成转折关系。故选A。
例2 本题可利用因果关系解题。根据空前的“I keep two reference books close by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典)．I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.”可知，设空处应解释上文作者不信任笔记本电脑拼写检查程序的原因。B项“它没有考虑到上下文”能够对此进行解释，也说明作者一直坚持用词典的原因，承接上文，符合语境。
例3 本题可利用并列关系解题。根据设空后的“Or”可知，前后句是并列关系。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动中成为一名更好的运动员吗？”与下文“或者你只是想要身体健康，行动更有力，更灵活？”在意思上并列，符合语境。此外，D项与空处下一句都是“Do you ...？”结构的问句。
例4 本题可利用递进关系解题。空前提到一起投身公益的家庭能收获为共同的目标奋斗的独特体验，空后强调每个人带来的独特贡献。由此可知，空处需具体描述这种体验的表现。F项“你甚至可能发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋”是这种“独特体验”的具体体现。根据标志词even可知，空处与空前内容是递进关系。
例5 本题可利用解释关系解题。空处上下文虽然没有表示解释关系的特征词，但是可以根据上下文的解释意义解题。根据语境，空前提到“首先，尽你的一份力去保护你的目的地与众不同之处”，选项G“考虑回馈你正在参观的社区”正是对前文Do your part的解释说明。
例6 本题可以利用例证关系解题。根据上文“There is also research showing...chemicals from paints or cooking.”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E项“像和平百合和黄金葛之类的植物是最好的”能够承接上文，举例说明了在这方面效果最好的植物，符合语境。
[随堂训练·应用体验]
?解题深究“所以然”
1．选E 本题可利用并列关系解题。上文提到如何去评估一个人的性格的方法：观察其说真话和守承诺的能力，此处介绍通过其他方面去评估一个人的性格，所以E项(同时，注意他的态度，并试着区分它是如何影响他的生活的)符合本段主题，承接上文，讲述通过态度去评估一个人的性格。选项E中的Also说明该句与上文是并列关系。
2．选D 本题可利用代词指代关系解题。根据上文中的“other people”可知，接下来应该说明other people包括哪些人。D项(这包括他认识的人和他不认识的人)是对上一句提及的“other people”的详细补充，符合文意。
3．选F 本题可利用原词复现解题。根据上文可知，本段主要介绍通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项(观察这个人的谈话，试着确定他说谎的频率)符合本段主题。F项中的lies与下文的lies属于原词复现。
4．选B 本题可利用原词复现解题。设空处位于段首，为本段中心句。根据下文可知，本段主要介绍通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项(承诺的程度表明了他的性格类型)符合本段主题，其中commitment与下文中的commitment为原词复现。选项B和C中都出现了关键词“commitment”。干扰项C强调的是“other things”而不是“commitment”，与原文“貌合神离”。故选B。
5．选G 本题可利用解释关系解题。根据上文“A person's character is affected by his attitude.”可知，本段主要介绍一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格。而G项说的正是人们对事物的不同态度，是对上文的详细解释。
1 / 8(共41张PPT)
第二讲 常用技法—利用词汇
复现，发掘逻辑关系
解答阅读七选五题目时，考生可以借助“隐性”信息，如词汇的复现以及句间的衔接关系等解题，这要求考生具备对文章结构和内容深度分析和理解的高阶思维能力。解题时，可以先通读文章，再读选项，然后从“隐性”信息角度思考并确定最佳答案。
输
一、依据词汇复现解题
入你的标题
1
1
为了从不同角度表达同一主题的需要，作者在文章中会使用一些意义相同、相近或相反的词汇。抓住这些复现词汇，就能快速准确地匹配一些选项。其解题思路为：
(一)原词复现
原词复现是指同一个词(常为动词、名词、形容词)或短语重复出现在文中的其他句子里。这些词会以不同词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如：“looks”与“looking” “looked”； “go” 与“going” “went” 等。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句中的相同关键词。
[例1] (2025·全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
[分析] 空前提及寻找凝聚家庭的方式和共同爱好。空后阐述志愿服务的好处。B项“以家庭为单位参加志愿者活动可能正是你需要的”直接回答前文问题并引出志愿活动这个主题，承上启下，符合语境。选项中的family与段首句中的family属于原词复现。
(二)派生词复现
派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词。派生词复现指的是同一词根构成的不同派生词在文中的重复出现。
[例2] (2021·全国乙卷·节选)
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
[分析] 本段第一句为段落主题句，主要讲到面对dinner-party killer: awkward silence (晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人”符合语境。G项中的awkwardness是本段主题句中的awkward的派生词，属于派生词复现，且选项与段落主题一致。
(三)同义词/反义词复现
同义词/反义词复现是指文中空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义词/反义词在正确选项中出现。
[例3] (2024·全国甲卷·节选)
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38
B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
[分析] 前文提到，如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了。选项E“相反，要让自己身边都是健康食物”与上文是转折关系，提供了一个具体的建议，帮助避免暴饮暴食，符合语境。该空上文中的unhealthy与选项E中的healthy是反义词复现。
(四)代词复现
行文中为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，常用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子； they 指代复数名词； ones 泛指复数名词；还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。其解题思路为：
[例4] (2024·浙江1月高考·节选)
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. 39 He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
D．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
[分析] 根据空后一句中的人称代词He和句意“他注意到他的在线学生最后的成绩通常较低”可知，该代词指代一个人，且职业应为老师。对比选项，选项D的句子主语“Professor Alex Davidson”在身份上与He相符，其他选项中没有符合可指代的人。
二、依据句间逻辑关系解题
1
2
句间逻辑关系主要有转折、因果、并列、递进、解释、例证等。句间的逻辑关系除了借助一些特征词来体现以外，还可以从意思上来判断。表示逻辑关系的特征词主要有：
转折关系 but, however, otherwise, instead, though等
因果关系 because, so, therefore, consequently, thus等
并列关系 and, then, next, first ... second ..., also, too, or等
递进关系 what's more, besides, furthermore, further, moreover, in addition等
解释关系 mean, that is (to say)等
例证关系 for example, for instance, such as等
(一)转折关系
[例1] (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
A．I don't often use this dictionary.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
[分析] 本题可利用转折关系解题。根据空后的“However”可知，上下文是转折关系。A项“我并不经常使用这本词典”与后文“然而，如果需要查词的起源或了解其用法示例，没有比《牛津英语大词典(简编本)》更好的了”形成转折关系。故选A。
(二)因果关系
[例2] (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典)．I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
[分析] 本题可利用因果关系解题。根据空前的“I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典)．I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.”可知，设空处应解释上文作者不信任笔记本电脑拼写检查程序的原因。B项“它没有考虑到上下文”能够对此进行解释，也说明作者一直坚持用词典的原因，承接上文，符合语境。
(三)并列关系
[例3] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all，decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
[分析] 本题可利用并列关系解题。根据设空后的“Or”可知，前后句是并列关系。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动中成为一名更好的运动员吗？”与下文“或者你只是想要身体健康，行动更有力，更灵活？”在意思上并列，符合语境。此外，D项与空处下一句都是“Do you ...？”结构的问句。
(四)递进关系
[例4] (2025·全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
You'll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 40 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way.And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
[分析] 本题可利用递进关系解题。空前提到一起投身公益的家庭能收获为共同的目标奋斗的独特体验，空后强调每个人带来的独特贡献。由此可知，空处需具体描述这种体验的表现。F项“你甚至可能发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋”是这种“独特体验”的具体体现。根据标志词even可知，空处与空前内容是递进关系。
(五)解释关系
[例5] (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·节选)
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 40 You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.
D．Can overtourism be avoided then
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F．You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting.
[分析] 本题可利用解释关系解题。空处上下文虽然没有表示解释关系的特征词，但是可以根据上下文的解释意义解题。根据语境，空前提到“首先，尽你的一份力去保护你的目的地与众不同之处”，选项G“考虑回馈你正在参观的社区”正是对前文Do your part的解释说明。
(六)例证关系
[例6] (2023·全国乙卷·节选)
...There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39 .
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
[分析] 本题可以利用例证关系解题。根据上文“There is also research showing...chemicals from paints or cooking.”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E项“像和平百合和黄金葛之类的植物是最好的”能够承接上文，举例说明了在这方面效果最好的植物，符合语境。
随堂训练·应用体验
(2025·苏州二模)If you are trying to assess a person's character, make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading.Instead, observe the individual's ability to tell the truth and to commit. 1
You can tell a lot about a person's character by observing how he treats other people. 2 It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment, such as the workplace.It is often possible, however, to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him.
Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character.The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is. 3 To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter.
4 The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships.Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character.
A person's character is affected by his attitude. 5 Attitude can affect many aspects of a person's life, including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others.
When you are trying to assess someone's character, remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity.
A．More importantly, it's necessary to continue his inner struggle.
B．The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has.
C．There are many other things in life that may require commitment.
D．This includes both people he knows and people he does not know.
E．Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life.
F．Observe the person's conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies.
G．Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations.
理清文脉很重要
“总—分—总”结构
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何评估一个人的性格，并给出了具体的方法和建议。
?解题深究“所以然”
1．选E 本题可利用并列关系解题。上文提到如何去评估一个人的性格的方法：观察其说真话和守承诺的能力，此处介绍通过其他方面去评估一个人的性格，所以E项(同时，注意他的态度，并试着区分它是如何影响他的生活的)符合本段主题，承接上文，讲述通过态度去评估一个人的性格。选项E中的Also说明该句与上文是并列关系。
2．选D 本题可利用代词指代关系解题。根据上文中的“other people”可知，接下来应该说明other people包括哪些人。D项(这包括他认识的人和他不认识的人)是对上一句提及的“other people”的详细补充，符合文意。
3．选F 本题可利用原词复现解题。根据上文可知，本段主要介绍通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项(观察这个人的谈话，试着确定他说谎的频率)符合本段主题。F项中的lies与下文的lies属于原词复现。
4．选B 本题可利用原词复现解题。设空处位于段首，为本段中心句。根据下文可知，本段主要介绍通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项(承诺的程度表明了他的性格类型)符合本段主题，其中commitment与下文中的commitment为原词复现。选项B和C中都出现了关键词“commitment”。干扰项C强调的是“other things”而不是“commitment”，与原文“貌合神离”。故选B。
5．选G 本题可利用解释关系解题。根据上文“A person's character is affected by his attitude.”可知，本段主要介绍一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格。而G项说的正是人们对事物的不同态度，是对上文的详细解释
