第二讲 凭借语言技能，灵活“完空”下的完形
完形填空要求考生在有限的时间内，既能从宏观上准确把握语篇的主题语境、故事情节、情感主线、价值取向，又能够从微观上分析文章的词汇、语义和句际间的逻辑衔接手段。因此，凭借语言技能，灵活运用一定的答题方法和技巧，可以帮助考生全面、高效“完空”。 常用解题技法有五种：,
1.利用“语义复现”解题
2.利用行为连贯性解题
3.利用逻辑关系解题
4.利用“背景知识”解题
5.利用“情感态度”解题
具体解题要领例析如下：
[典例] (2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
Evelyn Donohue is a 65 year old grandma.She only started to __41__ seven years ago after having a __42__ call.She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which __43__ led her to getting surgery.After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a __44__.Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a __45__ lifestyle, before discovering a __46__ for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the __47__ lover has not only managed to __48__ an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no __49__ others can't look this good.She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a __50__ to success and never give up.Stick to your plan，” she said.“__51__ others: Lift others up on your journey.Success is sweeter when __52__.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ...the __53__ is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the __54__ wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an __55__ for many social media users.
41.A.write B．travel
C．exercise D．recover
42．A.goodwill B．timeout
C．long distance D．wake up
43．A.normally B．ultimately
C．suddenly D．automatically
44．A.change B．fortune
C．wish D．deal
45．A.risky B．traditional
C．comfortable D．healthy
46．A.demand B．secret
C．passion D．cure
47．A.peace B．fitness
C．fun D．nature
48．A.grow B．control
C．activate D．relax
49．A.need B．choice
C．reason D．difference
50．A.green light B．road block
C．passing mark D．stepping stone
51．A.Help B．Consult
C．Follow D．Forgive
52．A.accepted B．shared
C．expected D．celebrated
53．A.goal B．case
C．duty D．cost
54．A.instructors B．admirers
C．beginners D．doubters
55．A.authority B．excuse
C．inspiration D．option
技法(一) 利用“语义复现”解题
语义复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。
第41题 此处与下文Ms Donohue began to work out中的work out是“同义复现”。故选C.exercise“锻炼”。
第44题 make a change与下文的turn her life around为同义复现。
技法(二) 利用行为连贯性解题
行为连贯性是指人物在特定情境内，其行为动作呈现出的逻辑递进与时空延续特性。解题时可根据这一行为链上的其他动作，遵循行为发展的自然连续性，推导出正确答案。
第48题 前文的“持续锻炼(work out)”可自然推导出“锻炼出令人赞叹的肌肉线条(grow muscles)”。
第51－52题 “提供帮助(Help)→激励他人(Lift others up)→与人分享(shared)” 构成连贯动作，体现了行为发展的自然连续性。
技法(三) 利用逻辑关系解题
逻辑关系指文章在语法或语意上存在并列、顺承、转折、因果、目的等关系(在前面“专题二 阅读七选五”中已具体阐释)。只有在透彻理解文意的基础上，才能对上下文的逻辑关系做出正确的判断，从而选出正确答案。常见的逻辑关系标志词语有and, but, however, then, so, because, instead of, so as to等。
第43题 根据前文“She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知，多年来Ms Donohue都在与健康问题抗争，这些积年累月的健康问题最终(ultimately)导致她做了手术。题空与上文是逻辑上的“顺承”关系。
第45题 根据前半句中的“Ms Donohue began to work out”可知，她开始锻炼身体，故空处表示开始遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式。题空与上文构成逻辑上的“顺承”关系。
第53题 根据前半句中的“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”可知，健身无需完美身材；空处进一步强调健身的目标(goal)是为了感觉好，而非为了外表好看。题空与上文构成递进关系。
技法(四) 利用“背景知识”解题
英语中的“背景知识”主要指语言使用过程中涉及的文化、历史、社会习俗、日常生活知识等，用于帮助理解语言现象和跨文化交流。
第42题 “wake up call”既可以指酒店等场所提供的叫醒服务，也可以用作比喻，表示某种让人猛然醒悟的警钟或警示信号。
第50题 stepping stone通常指用于达成目标的中间阶段或辅助工具，可直译为“垫脚石”。文章此处的表达源于英语谚语“Failure is a stepping stone to success.”。
技法(五) 利用“情感态度”解题
“利用情感态度解题”是指通过分析文章或人物表达的情感倾向(如积极、消极、中立)或态度(如支持、反对、怀疑)来推断正确答案的技巧。这种解题方法尤其适用于选项含义接近但情感色彩不同的情况。
第46题 先尝试锻炼(work out)，后专注举重(weightlifting)，锻炼出了令人赞叹的肌肉线条，需用“热情(passion)”解释行为动机。
第55题 本文的情感基调是“励志，鼓舞人心”，空处所在句为文章最后的主旨升华句，应与文章的总体情感基调保持一致性，故确定答案为选项C.inspiration “激励”。
[参考答案] 41－45 CDBAD 46－50 CBACD 51－55 ABADC
(2025·福建福州三模)Last year, I was determined to climb the corporate ladder.I worked __1__， often staying late at the office and giving up weekends to meet deadlines.The __2__ of success consumed me, and I prided myself on my __3__.
However, as months passed, I began to feel the __4__ on my body and mind.Constant headaches, bad appetite and a growing sense of emotional detachment from my work became my new normal.I was __5__， and it was affecting my health and productivity.
One evening, after yet another long day, I collapsed on my sofa.I was so tired that I couldn't __6__ cook dinner.Staring at the ceiling, I __7__ I had become a machine, endlessly working.The next morning, I decided to make a change.I knew I needed to __8__ self care to regain balance in my life.
I started __9__.Every morning, I devoted 15 minutes to meditation (冥想), allowing myself to breathe and set intentions for the day.I also reintroduced __10__ activities into my routine, like short walks during lunch breaks.
Gradually, I noticed a __11__.My energy levels improved, and I felt more __12__ both at work and in my personal life.I began setting __13__， saying no to unnecessary tasks, and carving out time for rest.Most importantly, I learned self care isn't __14__ — it's essential.
Reflecting on my journey, I realized true __15__ lies in finding balance and nurturing oneself.
1．A.regularly B．tirelessly
C．casually D．flexibly
2．A.guarantee B．taste
C．pursuit D．secret
3．A.creativity B．leadership
C．devotion D．curiosity
4．A.competition B．heat
C．need D．impact
5．A.burning out B．cheering up
C．calming down D．showing off
6．A.already B．even
C．still D．almost
7．A.realized B．explained
C．pretended D．wished
8．A.prioritize B．dismiss
C．decline D．visualize
9．A.smart B．high
C．small D．early
10．A.scientific B．commercial
C．academic D．physical
11．A.shift B．problem
C．loss D．pattern
12．A.reliable B．present
C．responsible D．humble
13．A.deadlines B．examples
C．ambitions D．boundaries
14．A.satisfactory B．straightforward
C．subjective D．selfish
15．A.potential B．success
C．commitment D．friendship
第二讲 凭借语言技能，灵活“完空”下的完形
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者起初拼命工作致身心受损，后改变方式并重获平衡的经历。
1．选B 本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“often staying late ...to meet deadlines”可知，作者为了工作经常加班到很晚，并放弃周末，说明工作非常努力，不知疲倦。上下文是逻辑上的因果关系。故选B。
2．选C 本题可利用“情感态度”解题。根据前文“Last year, I was determined to climb the corporate ladder.”可知，作者决心在职场上晋升，这种决心出自对成功的追求。故选C。
3．选C 本题可利用“背景知识”解题。根据生活知识可知，如果一个人工作非常努力，经常加班到很晚，并放弃周末，说明这个人对工作有奉献精神。故选C。
4．选D 本题可利用“语义复现”解题。根据后文“it was affecting my health and productivity”可知，“它影响(affect)了我的健康和生产效率”，这说明作者的身心受到了影响(impact)，impact与affect是同义关系。故选D。
5．选A 本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据前文“Constant headaches ...new normal.”可知，作者的身心受到了影响，所以此处指已经精疲力竭了。前后文为因果关系。故选A。
6．选B 本题可以利用“行为连贯性”解题。根据前文“I was so tired”可知，作者太累了，以至于做不了晚饭。故选B。
7．选A 本题可借助第一讲中的“沿循主题语境下的情节线”定选项。本文情节线为“因过度工作导致身心崩溃→意识到问题所在→反思并自我调节→重新获得生活的平衡”，根据后文“I had become a machine, endlessly working”可知，此处是作者意识到的问题所在：自己像一台无休止工作的机器。故选A。
8．选A 本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“self care to regain balance in my life”可知，作者需要重新获得生活的平衡，说明需要把自我照顾放在首位。上下文是逻辑上的顺承关系。故选A。
9．选C 本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“Every morning, I devoted ...for the day.”可知，作者每天早上花15分钟冥想，说明是从小事做起。上下文是逻辑上的顺承关系。故选C。
10．选D 本题可借助第一讲中的“主题语境形成的语义场”定选项。此处描写的是日常锻炼的场景，与short walks during lunch breaks有关联的是physical activities。故选D。
11．选A 本题可借助第一讲中的“主题语境形成的语义场”定选项。此处描写的是作者身上发生的变化，能概括My energy levels improved以及felt more ... in my personal life的是shift“变化”。故选A。
12．选B 本题可利用“行为连贯性”解题。根据前文“My energy levels improved”可知，作者的精力旺盛了，说明在工作和个人生活中都更加投入。故选B。
13．选D 本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“saying no to unnecessary tasks”可知，作者对不必要的任务说“不”，说明开始设定界限。上下文是逻辑上的顺承关系。故选D。
14．选D 本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。破折号后的it's essential是对前面的解释说明，自我照顾是必不可少的，说明并不是自私的。故选D。
15．选B 本题可借助第一讲中的“靠拢主题语境下的主旨大意”定选项。success直接关联主旨“平衡才是真正的成功”。故选B。
1 / 6(共35张PPT)
第二讲 凭借语言技能，
灵活“完空”下的完形
完形填空要求考生在有限的时间内，既能从宏观上准确把握语篇的主题语境、故事情节、情感主线、价值取向，又能够从微观上分析文章的词汇、语义和句际间的逻辑衔接手段。因此，凭借语言技能，灵活运用一定的答题方法和技巧，可以帮助考生全面、高效“完空”。 常用解题技法有五种：
1．利用“语义复现”解题
2．利用行为连贯性解题
3．利用逻辑关系解题
4．利用“背景知识”解题
5．利用“情感态度”解题
具体解题要领例析如下：
[典例] (2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
Evelyn Donohue is a 65－year－old grandma.She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call.She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery.After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 .Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no 49 others can't look this good.She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up.Stick to your plan，” she said.“ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey.Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ...the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users.
41．A.write B．travel
C．exercise D．recover
42．A.goodwill B．timeout
C．Long-distance D．Wake-up
43．A.normally B．ultimately
C．suddenly D．automatically
44．A.change B．fortune
C．wish D．deal
45．A.risky B．traditional
C．comfortable D．healthy
46．A.demand B．secret
C．passion D．cure
47．A.peace B．fitness
C．fun D．nature
48．A.grow B．control
C．activate D．relax
49．A.need B．choice
C．reason D．difference
50．A.green light B．road block
C．passing mark D．stepping stone
51．A.Help B．Consult
C．Follow D．Forgive
52．A.accepted B．shared
C．expected D．celebrated
53．A.goal B．case
C．duty D．cost
54．A.instructors B．admirers
C．beginners D．doubters
55．A.authority B．excuse
C．inspiration D．option
[参考答案] 41－45 CDBAD 46－50 CBACD
51－55 ABADC
技法(一) 利用“语义复现”解题
语义复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。
解题技法例析
第41题 此处与下文Ms Donohue began to work out中的work out是“同义复现”。故选C.exercise“锻炼”。
第44题 make a change与下文的turn her life around为同义复现。
技法(二) 利用行为连贯性解题
行为连贯性是指人物在特定情境内，其行为动作呈现出的逻辑递进与时空延续特性。解题时可根据这一行为链上的其他动作，遵循行为发展的自然连续性，推导出正确答案。
第48题 前文的“持续锻炼(work out)”可自然推导出“锻炼出令人赞叹的肌肉线条(grow muscles)”。
第51－52题 “提供帮助(Help)→激励他人(Lift others up )→与人分享(shared)” 构成连贯动作，体现了行为发展的自然连续性。
技法(三) 利用逻辑关系解题
逻辑关系指文章在语法或语意上存在并列、顺承、转折、因果、目的等关系(在前面“专题二阅读七选五”中已具体阐释)。只有在透彻理解文意的基础上，才能对上下文的逻辑关系做出正确的判断，从而选出正确答案。常见的逻辑关系标志词语有and, but, however, then, so, because, instead of, so as to等。
第43题 根据前文“She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知，多年来Ms Donohue都在与健康问题抗争，这些积年累月的健康问题最终(ultimately)导致她做了手术。题空与上文是逻辑上的“顺承”关系。
第45题 根据前半句中的“Ms Donohue began to work out”可知，她开始锻炼身体，故空处表示开始遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式。题空与上文构成逻辑上的“顺承”关系。
第53题 根据前半句中的“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”可知，健身无需完美身材；空处进一步强调健身的目标(goal)是为了感觉好，而非为了外表好看。题空与上文构成递进关系。
技法(四) 利用“背景知识”解题
英语中的“背景知识”主要指语言使用过程中涉及的文化、历史、社会习俗、日常生活知识等，用于帮助理解语言现象和跨文化交流。
第42题 “wake-up call”既可以指酒店等场所提供的叫醒服务，也可以用作比喻，表示某种让人猛然醒悟的警钟或警示信号。
第50题 stepping stone通常指用于达成目标的中间阶段或辅助工具，可直译为“垫脚石”。文章此处的表达源于英语谚语“Failure is a stepping stone to success.”。
技法(五) 利用“情感态度”解题
“利用情感态度解题”是指通过分析文章或人物表达的情感倾向(如积极、消极、中立)或态度(如支持、反对、怀疑)来推断正确答案的技巧。这种解题方法尤其适用于选项含义接近但情感色彩不同的情况。
第46题 先尝试锻炼(work out)，后专注举重(weightlifting)，锻炼出了令人赞叹的肌肉线条，需用“热情(passion)”解释行为动机。
第55题 本文的情感基调是“励志，鼓舞人心”，空处所在句为文章最后的主旨升华句，应与文章的总体情感基调保持一致性，故确定答案为选项C.inspiration “激励”。
(2025·福建福州三模)Last year, I was determined to climb the corporate ladder.I worked 1 ， often staying late at the office and giving up weekends to meet deadlines.The 2 of success consumed me, and I prided myself on my 3 .
随堂训练·应用体验
However, as months passed, I began to feel the 4 on my body and mind.Constant headaches, bad appetite and a growing sense of emotional detachment from my work became my new normal.I was 5 ， and it was affecting my health and productivity.
One evening, after yet another long day, I collapsed on my sofa.I was so tired that I couldn't 6 cook dinner.Staring at the ceiling, I 7 I had become a machine, endlessly working.The next morning, I decided to make a change.I knew I needed to 8 self-care to regain balance in my life.
I started 9 .Every morning, I devoted 15 minutes to meditation (冥想), allowing myself to breathe and set intentions for the day.I also reintroduced 10 activities into my routine, like short walks during lunch breaks.
Gradually, I noticed a 11 .My energy levels improved, and I felt more 12 both at work and in my personal life.I began setting 13 ， saying no to unnecessary tasks, and carving out time for rest.Most importantly, I learned self－care isn't 14 — it's essential.
Reflecting on my journey, I realized true 15 lies in finding balance and nurturing oneself.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者起初拼命工作致身心受损，后改变方式并重获平衡的经历。
1．A.regularly B．tirelessly
C．casually D．flexibly
解析：本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“often staying late ...to meet deadlines”可知，作者为了工作经常加班到很晚，并放弃周末，说明工作非常努力，不知疲倦。上下文是逻辑上的因果关系。故选B。
√
2．A.guarantee B．taste
C．pursuit D．secret
解析：本题可利用“情感态度”解题。根据前文“Last year, I was determined to climb the corporate ladder.”可知，作者决心在职场上晋升，这种决心出自对成功的追求。故选C。
√
3．A.creativity B．leadership
C．devotion D．curiosity
解析：本题可利用“背景知识”解题。根据生活知识可知，如果一个人工作非常努力，经常加班到很晚，并放弃周末，说明这个人对工作有奉献精神。故选C。
√
4．A.competition B．heat
C．need D．impact
解析：本题可利用“语义复现”解题。根据后文“it was affecting my health and productivity”可知，“它影响(affect)了我的健康和生产效率”，这说明作者的身心受到了影响(impact)，impact与affect是同义关系。故选D。
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5．A.burning out B．cheering up
C．calming down D．showing off
解析：本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据前文“Constant headaches ...new normal.”可知，作者的身心受到了影响，所以此处指已经精疲力竭了。前后文为因果关系。故选A。
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6．A.already B．even
C．still D．almost
解析：本题可以利用“行为连贯性”解题。根据前文“I was so tired”可知，作者太累了，以至于做不了晚饭。故选B。
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7．A.realized B．explained
C．pretended D．wished
解析：本题可借助第一讲中的“沿循主题语境下的情节线”定选项。本文情节线为“因过度工作导致身心崩溃→意识到的问题所在→反思并自我调节→重新获得生活的平衡”，根据后文“I had become a machine, endlessly working”可知，此处是作者意识到的问题所在：自己像一台无休止工作的机器。故选A。
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8．A.prioritize B．dismiss
C．decline D．visualize
解析：本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“self－care to regain balance in my life”可知，作者需要重新获得生活的平衡，说明需要把自我照顾放在首位。上下文是逻辑上的顺承关系。故选A。
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9．A.smart B．high
C．small D．early
解析：本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“Every morning, I devoted ...for the day.”可知，作者每天早上花15分钟冥想，说明是从小事做起。上下文是逻辑上的顺承关系。故选C。
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10．A.scientific B．commercial
C．academic D．physical
解析：本题可借助第一讲中的“主题语境形成的语义场”定选项。此处描写的是日常锻炼的场景，与short walks during lunch breaks有关联的是physical activities。故选D。
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11．A.shift B．problem
C．loss D．pattern
解析：本题可借助第一讲中的“主题语境形成的语义场”定选项。此处描写的是作者身上发生的变化，能概括My energy levels improved以及felt more ... in my personal life的是shift“变化”。故选A。
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12．A.reliable B．present
C．responsible D．humble
解析：本题可利用“行为连贯性”解题。根据前文“My energy levels improved”可知，作者的精力旺盛了，说明在工作和个人生活中都更加投入。故选B。
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13．A.deadlines B．examples
C．ambitions D．boundaries
解析：本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。根据后文“saying no to unnecessary tasks”可知，作者对不必要的任务说“不”，说明开始设定界限。上下文是逻辑上的顺承关系。故选D。
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14．A.satisfactory B．straightforward
C．subjective D．selfish
解析：本题可利用“逻辑关系”解题。破折号后的it's essential是对前面的解释说明，自我照顾是必不可少的，说明并不是自私的。故选D。
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15．A.potential B．success
C．commitment D．friendship
解析：本题可借助第一讲中的“靠拢主题语境下的主旨大意”定选项。success直接关联主旨“平衡才是真正的成功”。故选B。
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