2025-2026学年北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 12 INNOVATION 重点短语句子知识（讲义，表格式）

Unit 12 INNOVATION 重点短语句子知识清单
Listening and Speaking Listening and Speaking
短语： 短语：
scientific breakthrough 科学突破
technological innovation 技术创新
aha moment 顿悟时刻
creative process 创作过程
labour-saving machine 省力机器
energy-saving equipment 节能设备
environmental protection device 环保装置
be curious about 对……好奇
think outside the box 跳出思维定式
improve well-being 提升幸福感
句子： 句子：
Many inventors are curious about the world and eager to solve practical problems. 许多发明家对世界充满好奇，渴望解决实际问题。
The Internet is an indispensable innovation that has transformed people’s communication ways. 互联网是一项不可或缺的创新，它改变了人们的沟通方式。
Great inventors are usually persistent and never give up when facing difficulties. 伟大的发明家通常很执着，遇到困难时从不放弃。
His aha moment came when he was observing the movement of water in a kettle. 他在观察水壶里水的运动时突然顿悟。
This energy-saving device is cheap to produce and easy to use, benefiting many families. 这款节能设备生产成本低、使用方便，让许多家庭受益。
Reading and Thinking Reading and Thinking
短语： 短语：
theory of relativity 相对论
nuclear energy 核能
mass production 大规模生产
split the atom 分裂原子
launch satellites 发射卫星
be dedicated to 致力于
World Wide Web 万维网
medical advance 医学进步
句子： 句子：
Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity changed humanity’s understanding of time and space. 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的相对论改变了人类对时空的理解。
Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin saved millions of lives during World War II. 亚历山大·弗莱明发现的青霉素在二战期间拯救了数百万人的生命。
The first computer, developed in 1946, was huge but laid the foundation for modern technology. 1946年发明的第一台电脑体积庞大，但为现代科技奠定了基础。
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, enabling global information sharing. 蒂姆·伯纳斯·李发明了万维网，实现了全球信息共享。
Scientific pioneers dedicated their lives to improving human living quality through innovations. 科学先驱们致力于通过创新提升人类的生活质量。
Discovering Useful Structures Discovering Useful Structures
短语： 短语：
compound adjectives 合成形容词
phrasal prepositions 介词短语
in spite of 尽管
as a result of 由于
with the help of 在……帮助下
instead of 而不是
polite requests 礼貌请求
句子： 句子：
The 100-year-old invention still plays an important role in daily life.（合成形容词） 这项有百年历史的发明在日常生活中仍发挥着重要作用。
In spite of his physical disability, Stephen Hawking made remarkable achievements in physics.（介词短语） 尽管身患残疾，斯蒂芬·霍金在物理学领域取得了非凡成就。
As a result of continuous innovation, our daily life has become more convenient.（介词短语） 由于持续的创新，我们的日常生活变得更加便捷。
Could you explain the principle of this invention in simple terms （礼貌请求） 你能用简单的语言解释一下这项发明的原理吗？
Would you please share more details about your creative process （礼貌请求） 你能分享更多关于你的创作过程的细节吗？
Reading for Writing Reading for Writing
短语： 短语：
inventor’s portfolio 发明家作品集
time expressions 时间表达
inventing process 发明过程
inspiration source 灵感来源
far-reaching influence 深远影响
technological transformation 技术变革
句子： 句子：
James Watt was inspired by the boiling water in a kettle and later improved the steam engine. 詹姆斯·瓦特从水壶沸腾的水中获得灵感，后来改进了蒸汽机。
Edison conducted thousands of experiments before inventing the practical light bulb in 1879. 爱迪生经过数千次实验，于1879年发明了实用的电灯泡。
The invention of the smartphone has had a far-reaching influence on entertainment, work and communication. 智能手机的发明对娱乐、工作和沟通产生了深远影响。
When introducing an inventor, we should highlight their persistence and the social value of their inventions. 介绍发明家时，我们应突出他们的执着精神和发明的社会价值。
This environmental protection device, designed in 2020, helps reduce air pollution effectively. 这款2020年设计的环保装置能有效减少空气污染。
Assessing Your Progress & Reflecting Assessing Your Progress & Reflecting
短语： 短语：
innovative thinking 创新思维
practical application 实际应用
scientific spirit 科学精神
lifelong learning 终身学习
technological progress 技术进步
句子： 句子：
Through this unit, I realize that innovation is not accidental but requires long-term accumulation and hard work. 通过本单元学习，我意识到创新并非偶然，而是需要长期积累和努力。
Innovative thinking helps us find new solutions to old problems in study and life. 创新思维帮助我们在学习和生活中为老问题找到新解法。
We should learn from scientific pioneers’ spirit of dedication and courage to explore the unknown. 我们应学习科学先驱们的奉献精神和探索未知的勇气。
Technological progress brings convenience, but we also need to pay attention to its negative impacts. 技术进步带来了便利，但我们也需要关注其负面影响。
Lifelong learning is essential for keeping up with the pace of technological innovation. 终身学习对于跟上技术创新的步伐至关重要。
Presenting Ideas Presenting Ideas
短语： 短语：
invention presentation 发明展示
portfolio introduction 作品集介绍
audience interaction 观众互动
practical demonstration 实物演示
innovative concept 创新理念
句子： 句子：
Our group will give a presentation on an environmental protection invention, including its design principle and practical value. 我们小组将做一份关于环保发明的展示，包括其设计原理和实用价值。
During the presentation, we will demonstrate how the device works to help the audience understand better. 展示过程中，我们会演示该装置的工作原理，帮助观众更好地理解。
To enhance interaction, we will invite classmates to put forward improvement suggestions for our invention. 为增加互动，我们将邀请同学们为我们的发明提出改进建议。
We will also share the inspiration behind the invention and the challenges we overcame during the design process. 我们还将分享这项发明的灵感来源以及设计过程中克服的挑战。