【期末考点培优】专题09 选词填空-2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期末复习考点培优北师大版（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | 【期末考点培优】专题09 选词填空-2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期末复习考点培优北师大版（含答案解析） |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-12-19 21:03:19 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期末复习考点培优北师大版
专题09 选词填空
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．told B．His C． works D．kindness E. parents F. more G. differently H. valuable I. said J. understand K. friends L. make
Last year we had a new classmate. 1 name is Danny. He was tall and handsome with dark brown eyes. Many classmates liked him.
One day, we were 2 that we would have a school trip at the end of the month. The whole class got very excited and the girls began to discuss what to wear and what to bring with them. But Danny simply told everyone he wouldn’t go.
“Don’t you like it, Danny ” our teacher, Mr. Sims, asked with 3 .
Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad is ill in bed. My mom 4 in a supermarket every day. I’m not asking them for money.”
“I’m very proud of you that you can understand your 5 . Not every student of your age can think about this,” Mr. Sims replied.
Then Mr. Sims said to the class, “This year, we are going to do things 6 . Would you like to raise money for the trip by yourselves I hope each of you can come up with at least one idea. And we will 7 a plan tomorrow.”
“Well, my family can afford the trip. Do I still have to do that ” Shelly asked.
“Shelly, this will be a different and 8 learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
That day, we knew Danny 9 than before because he was not only honest but also brave. His behavior (行为) helped us 10 what his family had or didn’t have couldn’t decide who he was. He won the respect of many of us.
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．none B．silent C． stood D．her E. courage F. questions G. faster H. protect I. but J. Without K. us L. and
Once in a physics class, the teacher asked students, “Why do we have brakes (刹车) in our cars ” Soon, students gave different answers. A student 11 up and replied, “Sir, to stop the car.” Another one said, “To reduce and control the speed of the car.”
However, 12 of the answers was the same as the teacher’s. Then he said, “All of your answers are right. But in my opinion, the brakes in the car make us able to drive much 13 .”
“If the car has no brakes, how fast are we ready to drive It is the brakes in the car that give us 14 to drive fast and safely.” Listening to this, the whole class was 15 because no one had imagined this answer.
Similarly, there are many such “brakes” in our life, which seem to stop us. For example, our parents may ask 16 about progress or decisions in life. Their 17 or suggestions may be considered as “brakes” which stand in our way. But we can see them as our supporters which can 18 us while taking risks. Sometimes, we have to stop or even step back, so that we can take a big step.
In fact, it is the “brakes” in life that help us a lot. 19 these“brakes”, we could lose our direction or get into danger. So we need to understand that “brakes” in our life are not meant to push us back 20 to make us move forward more quickly than before.
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．started B．of C． pictures D．best E. learn F. a G. His H. for I. really J. Her K. that L. created
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China.
He was born into 21 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He was at school for less than a year because 22 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting guide book —Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interests in painting 23 . He decided to 24 by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 25 to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 26 artists of all time.
27 paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子) where a lamp is hung. Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 28 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works were 29 by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 30 a master of art and the pride of Xiangtan.
从方框中选择单词，并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。
believe move on he spirit different each sadly tourist fishing
You may have seen such a photo: with a long white beard (胡须) and wearing a bamboo hat, an old fisherman stands 31 a boat. Huang Quande looked like this when tourists took photos with 32 on the Lijiang River in Guilin, Guangxi. He became so famous on the Internet that many people 33 that the fisherman on the back of the 20-yuan renminbi banknote (纸币) was based on his image (形象). 34 , Huang died at the age of 94.
Many people say that Huang showed the true 35 of the Lijiang River. He was a positive (积极向上的) and kind man. In his 90s, Huang could still 36 his boat with speed. After he gave up 37 and became a photo model in 2008, he took photos with 38 worldwide.
In fact, the 39 backsides of the fifth series (套) of renminbi banknotes show the most iconic landscapes (标志性风景) in the country. 40 of them carries its own cultural value.
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，方框中有两个词为多余项。
he win sign easy overcome admire finish hard arrive heavy compete create
Xu Jingkun, a young man from China , made history when he crossed the finish line of the 2024-2025 Vendee Globe (法国旺代不靠岸单人环球航海赛). It is one of the 41 events in the world. This achievement made 42 the first man in China to complete this challenging race. Xu also became the 100th person 43 the Vendee Globe, an important milestone (里程碑) in the history of the event.
The Vendee Globe began with 40 44 , but not all could finish. Some faced challenges and had to drop out. The race 45 was Charlie Dalin, who set a record by finishing in just over 64 days. Xu completed the race in about 100 days and came in 30th place.
As Xu’s boat 46 at the finish line, a large crowd was there to cheer for him. Many fans held colorful 47 to show their support while Xu stood proudly on his boat. “We did it!”
Xu’s journey was not easy. He faced 48 storms in the Southern Ocean and even became “the most isolated (孤独的) man on Earth” when he crossed Point Nemo. Though he faced many problems, Xu 49 all these difficulties and reached the finish line.
Xu’s success is more than an achievement for himself. According to Hubert Lemonnier, race director, it was a historic time and 50 an important mark for China in this world-class sailing (航行) event.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
as beauty help endangered they in time thousand try spend on take
Xie Jianguo is a photographer who is proud of taking photos of animals in the natural world. He believes that his photos are 51 in protecting the wildlife. He has traveled to many places around the world. Xie has even visited the Arctic and the Antarctic(北极和南极) more than thirty 52 ! He experienced the great power of nature.
Since 2012, Xie has 53 most of his time in taking photos of the wildlife in our country. He took photos of the cute pandas in Sichuan and other 54 animals. He has visited nearly 100 wildlife protection areas, such 55 Qilian Mountain and Xishuangbanna. When Xie takes photos, he respects (尊重) and protects the wild animals he meets. He always 56 to film the animals face to face and shows the animals in a natural way, without troubling them.
57 2016, Xie started the “Nature Image China” project with his partners. 58 main work is to record and protect the natural 59 of China and share it with the world. They have organized over one hundred photography exhibitions, showing about seven 60 amazing photos.
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
hope show upset direct focus beat stone power however we proud
Water is the softest thing in nature, but Lao Zi really admired it.The gentleness of water does not mean weakness, but rather it 61 a spirit of perseverance (毅力) and determination (决心). Compared to those hard 62 , water is gentle. 63 , with continued efforts over time, even water droplets (水滴) can break through hard rocks. Water reminds 64 that once we have chosen our goal, we need to stick to our plan.
So, if you are the weaker one, don’t be 65 . You should 66 on what you are doing and never give up. And if you are the stronger one, don’t be too proud because anyone weaker than you still has a chance 67 you. King Goujian of Yue gave up his 68 to meet the unreasonable demands (无理的要求) of Fuchai, the king of Wu, and later defeated Wu. In another example, Emperor Liu Bang of the Han Dynasty avoided fighting Xiang Yu 69 . Instead, he built up his 70 over time and defeated Xiang Yu’s army in one final war. These people show us that in order to succeed, we should keep a 71 attitude. We need to think wisely about the balance of power, and stay focused on our goals.
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
offers city traffic many convenient when totally pollution hope their become
More biking, better public transport and odd-even bans on vehicles (车辆单双号限行)—many cities are using different ways to reduce 72 pollution.
Paris doesn’t allow cars in many historic central places at weekends, carries out odd-even bans on vehicles, and makes public transport free 73 there are serious pollution events.
Because of the serious 74 in Delhi, India made the city stop all new large diesel cars (柴油汽车) and diesel taxis. The city has started odd-even bans on vehicles and is now encouraging Uber-style minibuses. Other 75 like Dublin and Brussels, are also considering diesel bans.
Helsinki, capital of Finland, plans to 76 cut down the number of cars on its streets by developing better public transport, raising the parking prices and encouraging bikes and walking. The government 77 that in this way, no one will want a car by 2050.
Freiburg, Germany has 500 km of bike routes (路线) and a cheap and 78 public transport system. One town, Vauban, does not allow people to park cars near 79 homes and makes car owners pay ?18,000 for a special space near the town. In return for living without a car, the government 80 people cheaper housing, free public transport, and many bicycle spaces.
Copenhagen, Denmark prefers bikes to cars and now has 81 bicycles than people. Large parts of the city have been closed to cars for years and the city plans 82 carbon neutral (碳平衡) by 2025.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
find balloon be stop ask give they good excited can
One day, 50 people were taking part in a speech. The speaker was 83 a speech about happiness. However, after a few hours, people gradually lost their attention. The speaker came up with an idea. He 84 his speech and asked all of the people to take part in a group activity.
He gave a single balloon to each person in the room. Each person was 85 to write his or her name on the balloon with a black marker. Then, all of the 86 were collected and moved to another room.
The 50 people were then let into the room and told to find the balloon that had their names written on it. Everyone rushed around 87 looking for their balloon here and there. But people were bumping into and tripping (绊倒) over each other.
After five minutes of searching, no one 88 find their own balloon.
After seeing this, the speaker asked each person to collect a balloon and try to 89 the person whose name was written on it. Everyone started talking to each other and asking each other for 90 names. Within minutes, everyone had his or her own balloon. “Can you see what happened ” the speaker said. “The balloons 91 like the happiness we want in our own lives. Everyone is busy looking for their own happiness, not caring what happens to others. But sometimes the 92 way to find happiness is to help others. Help them find happiness and you can find your own.”
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
because the by to and difficulty careful go be fight
Once upon a time, there was a wise old man who had seven sons. But his sons 93 always fighting. It made some bad people happy 94 they wanted to cheat (欺骗) the brothers out of their father’s money.
One day, the father decided to help his sons stop 95 , so he brought them together. He tied seven chopsticks together, and said, “I will give all of my money to 96 one who can break this bundle (捆) .”
The seven sons each tried 97 break the chopsticks, but it was too hard. They agreed that it was impossible.
“Oh, my sons,” said the father, “it’s actually easy to do.”
He untied (解开) the chopsticks and broke them one 98 one easily.
“Aha!” said his sons. “It’s easy to do that way. Anyone can do it.”
The father 99 on, “As it is with these chopsticks, so it is with you, my sons. If you stick together and help each other, you will do well, and nobody can harm you. But if you fight, you will be like these chopsticks, broken 100 weak.”
The seven sons listened 101 and promised to stick together. They kept their promise and faced life’s 102 together, just as their wise father had taught them.
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面的括号内选出可以填入短文空格处的词。
A．if B．opens C． or D．poor E. care F. difficulties G. something H. heart I. lonely J. free
Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to 103 about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools 104 those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why Because those who have big houses may often feel 105 and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their 106 time.
In fact, happiness is always around you 107 you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friend will help you; when you get success, your friend will cheer for you. And when you do 108 good to others, you will feel happy, too. All these are your happiness. If you notice them, you can see that happiness is always around you.
Happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of your 109 . When you are 110 , you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. When you meet 111 , you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you can’t say you are poor and you have bad luck. As the saying goes, life is like a revolving (旋转的) door. When it closes, it also 112 . If you take every chance you get, you can be a happy and lucky person.
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。
up to joined but parents friends our avoid lucky at least
Xie Haitao was told by the doctor that he got progressive spinal muscular atrophy (进行性脊肌萎缩症) in 2000 when he was only one year old. Although his 113 took him around for medical treatment, he was unable to recover and had to spend years in a wheelchair (轮椅). In a lonely environment, Xie was 114 to meet Go (围棋).
He said Go gave him the hope for life. “I think the way of disabled people is not very wide, 115 Go is a good choice. It is more than just a competition, and it also has 116 nation’s culture. We can get happiness from it, too.”
Every game he 117 felt like a physical challenge because of his poor health. Besides, in order to 118 going to the toilet during the race, he reduced his food in the week before the race. This easily made him get sick.
Even so, Xie still values every chance to take part in the competition. He finds happiness not in winning, but in the chance of playing with skilled players from around the world.
Daily practice is tiring, but 119 Xie grew into a much brighter and stronger teenager. In 2021, Xie won the first gold medal in the National Paralympic Individual Competition (全国残奥会个人赛). After that, he lost himself in developing Go. To give back to the society, he opened the Haitao Public Welfare Go Classroom for poor teenagers, no matter how small, to let more people know about this wonderful game of Go.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
do successful list project ball they good for day after
Inventions always play an important role in our 120 life. They make our life wonderful and much easier.
A teacher in Harvard University wanted to let his students do a 121 . So he said to the class, “I want you to solve a world problem about electric energy. Who can finish the task ”
122 hearing that, Julia and Jessica answered, “We want to accept this difficult work.” They thought they should 123 a research first in order to finish the task well. So they 124 some countries with less electric energy on the paper and studied them carefully.
They noticed that people in these countries played soccer. So Julia and Jessica worked with friends to design a soccer ball with a battery (电池) in it. Though they had an idea, it was a bit hard for 125 to make it come true. Then they asked their friends 126 help. It took them a long time to complete the task, but finally they did it 127 .
Julia and Jessica named their ball the SOCCKET. When the players kicked the ball, the battery inside caught the energy from the 128 movements (移动). After games, the players used the energy in the battery to power LED lights and phones. It is wonderful that a simple class project can make our lives much 129 !
Small things always make a big difference.
从下面方框中选出10个单词并使用其适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺(每词限用一次)。
be cup enjoy good happy leave realize real story they tool teacher
A group of classmates got together to visit their old teacher. These classmates all had good jobs and made lots of money. They talked 130 . The teacher asked them the difficulty they had 131 their dreams. Then their talk soon turned to complaining about the stress in work and life. The teacher went to the kitchen and came back with a large pot of coffee and many 132 — china (瓷制的) ones, plastic ones and glass ones. Some are simple looking, some are expensive and some are lovely. The teacher told them to help 133 to the coffee.
When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the teacher said, “Can you notice that all of you took nice-looking expensive cups, 134 behind the simple and cheap ones You want only the 135 for yourselves. That is the source of your problems.”
“What all of you 136 wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other’s cups.”
“Now think about this: life is the coffee, and the jobs, money and position in society 137 the cups. They are just 138 to hold, and do not change the life. Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail 139 the coffee. So don’t let the cups drive you, and enjoy the coffee instead.”
根据短文内容用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，每词一次。
it early because what to invent clean popular habit hundred
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 140 in the bathroom. Without it. we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 141 it is Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history
According 142 some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 143 their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the 144 form of toothbrushes in the world. As time went by, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people later chose horse-tail hair 145 pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to 146 of years ago and brush your teeth with it. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 147 among local people soon. The 148 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very important in daily life. Today we have a good 149 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese people for it.
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
dry, produce, cut down, protect, recently, something, four, nature, planet, simple
The earth is getting warmer because of the activities of people. We 150 , burn trees and send gases into the air with our cars and factories. Can we do 151 about it Sure. We may not be leaders or scientists but we can play our part in 152 the planet. Here are two ideas.
Ride bikes to school.
Do you go to school by bus or by bike If you bike, you are doing something for our 153 . Buses, cars, trains and planes 154 a lot of carbon dioxide. If you live near your school, why not bike there on warm spring mornings Or, you can 155 walk to school to save energy.
Wash in the green way.
Do you help your mom and dad wash clothes Then wash them in an energy saving way. A 156 study by Cambridge University found that 60 percent of the energy used on a piece of clothing is spent in washing and 157 it. Over its lifetime, a T-shirt can send 4 kilograms of carbon dioxide into the air.
If you wash your own clothes, wash them in cold or warm water to save energy, but not hot water. Wash your clothes when they fill up the machine. Use the most energy-saving machine you can find. Some new ones use as little as one 158 of the energy of old machines. When they clean, dry your clothes in the 159 way, by hanging them on a line rather than putting them in a dryer. In all, you can cut down the carbon dioxide from washing by 90 percent.
从方框中选择适当的词语并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
One used another bought opens whenever talking brother without but also
“Thank you” is widely 160 in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you” 161 others help you or say something kind to you. For example, when someone 162 the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have 163 a nice shirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. It is used not only between friends, 164 between parents and children, 165 and sisters, husbands and wives.
“Excuse me” is 166 short polite usage. We use it the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone says so behind you, you’ll get to know that somebody wants to walk past 167 touching you. It is not polite to interrupt (打断) others while they are 168 .
If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me” 169 , and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right situation.
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。
buy, born, because of, raise, invent, record, it, use, by, easy
Hover Camera (无人机)
Wang Mengqiu, the 170 of Hover Camera, was 171 in Hangzhou in 1982. He became famous overnight 172 the invention.
Forget selfie sticks (自拍杆)! Compared to other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages (优点).
* It can fly and stay in mid-air, track (追踪) your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.
* It can be controlled 173 using a smartphone.
* It 174 movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.
* It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.
Mr. Wang also said, “The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the 175 . It’s very light and small. It can be folded in two, so it can be 176 put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on 177 own.”
The company 178 much money in the last few years to produce it. As it has been produced, Hover Camera can be 179 online or at the shops.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
doubt exact which inside we certain crayon be invent connect
Class One 180 having a meeting. The students were having a discussion in the classroom. What were they talking about The topic was the best 181 in our daily life. Tom thought the clock was the most useful. It could tell the time 182 . Without clock, we didn’t know when to leave for school. Maria showed us a 183 on the desk. It could be used to draw beautiful pictures. So it was helpful. Peter preferred computers. He said that the world was 184 together by computers. We could get the information far away in a minute. There were also tiny computers 185 the patients’ bodies. These computers were used for treating illnesses. Lily was 186 that the robots were important. The robots 187 worked in the factories helped people perform different tasks. It’s no 188 that all of these above changed our habits, and they make us work and live more comfortably. Perhaps in the future we can invent something for 189 . I’m sure we have the ability to be a real inventor.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。
large energy in picture until invent create work because country
The bicycle is one of the simplest but most useful inventions in the world. What is the most surprising is that it was not 190 earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had drawn 191 for bicycles and flying machines and some other things. Those things were not produced 192 long after he died.
A person riding a bicycle uses very little 193 to make the bicycle move, and there is no pollution at all when you are riding. Even so, in most developed 194 most people don’t go to work by bicycle. It is not 195 the bicycles are expensive or people feel tired if they ride to 196 . It’s because the number of cars on the roads becomes 197 . It certainly becomes more dangerous to ride a bicycle. As a result, more people put their bicycles away and got to work 198 their cars. And in this way, the situation is made more serious. Perhaps the best way to make riding safer and more popular is to 199 paths only for bicycles.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E 6．G 7．L 8．H 9．F 10．J
【导语】本文主要讲述了新同学Danny因为家庭经济困难无法参加班级旅行，但他的诚实和勇敢赢得了大家的尊重，老师也借此机会引导同学们通过自己筹款来参加旅行，让每个人都获得了一次宝贵的学习经历。
1．句意：他的名字叫Danny。根据“name is Danny”可知，他的名字，his“他的”符合语境，位于句首首字母大写。故选B。
2．句意：一天，我们被告知我们将在月底有一次学校旅行。根据“we were...that we would have a school trip”可知，被告知有学校旅行，tell“告诉”符合语境，被动语态用过去分词。故选A。
3．句意：“你不喜欢吗，Danny？”我们的老师Sims先生和蔼地问道。根据“Mr. Sims, asked with”可知，和蔼地问，kindness“和蔼”符合语境。故选D。
4．句意：我妈妈每天在一家超市工作。根据“My mom...in a supermarket every day”可知，在超市工作，work“工作”符合语境，主语是单数。故选C。
5．句意：“我很自豪你能理解你的父母。”根据“you can understand your”可知，理解父母，parent“父母”符合语境，此处用复数形式表示父母两人。故选E。
6．句意：今年，我们要用不同的方式做事。根据“we are going to do things”可知，用不同的方式做事，differently“不同地”符合语境。故选G。
7．句意：我们明天将制定一个计划。根据“we will...a plan tomorrow”可知，制定计划，make a plan“制定计划”是固定短语。故选L。
8．句意：Shelly，无论你有没有钱，这对每个人来说都将是一次不同且有价值的学习经历。根据“a different and...learning experience”可知，有价值的学习经历，valuable“有价值的”符合语境。故选H。
9．句意：那天，我们比以前更了解Danny了。根据“we knew Danny...than before”可知，此处表示“比以前更了解Danny”，用副词more构成比较级结构。故选F。
10．句意：他的行为帮助我们理解他家庭拥有或不拥有什么并不能决定他是谁。根据“help us...what his family had or didn’t have couldn’t decide who he was”可知，帮助我们理解，understand“理解”符合语境，help do sth“帮助做某事”。故选J。
11．C 12．A 13．G 14．E 15．B 16．K 17．F 18．H 19．J 20．I
【导语】本文主要通过物理课上老师关于汽车刹车的提问，引申出生活中 “刹车” 的深层意义，即看似阻碍我们的事物实则是帮助我们安全前行的支撑。
11．句意：一个学生站起来回答：“老师，是为了停车。” 根据“A student…up and replied”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“站起来”，考查stand up短语，文章叙述过去的事，用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式stood。故选C。
12．句意：然而，没有一个答案和老师的一样。根据“However”和“of the answers was the same as the teacher’s”及备选词汇可知，此处需表示“没有一个”，none用于三者及以上否定，符合语境，指学生们的答案都与老师的不同。故选A。
13．句意：但在我看来，汽车的刹车能让我们开得更快。much常用于修饰比较级，空格处缺少副词修饰动词drive，所以空格处需用副词比较级，结合备选词汇可知，faster符合语境。故选G。
14．句意：正是汽车的刹车给了我们快速安全驾驶的勇气。根据“give us…to drive fast and safely”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“勇气”，courage为不可数名词，符合语境，指刹车带来的安全感让我们有勇气开快车。故选E。
15．句意：听了这话，全班都沉默了，因为没人想到这个答案。根据“the whole class was…because no one had imagined this answer”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“沉默的”，silent为形容词，作表语，符合语境，指学生们对老师的答案感到意外而沉默。故选B。
16．句意：例如，我们的父母可能会询问我们生活中的进步或决定。根据“our parents may ask…about progress or decisions in life”和备选词汇可知，此处需用宾格作宾语，us符合语境，指父母询问我们相关情况。故选K。
17．句意：他们的问题或建议可能被视为阻碍我们前进的“刹车”。根据“Their…or suggestions”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“问题”，questions为可数名词复数，与suggestions并列，符合语境，指父母的提问或建议。故选F。
18．句意：但我们可以把它们看作是在我们冒险时保护我们的支持者。根据“supporters which can…us while taking risks”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“保护”，protect为动词，符合语境，指这些“刹车”能在冒险时保护我们，情态动词can后接动词原形。故选H。
19．句意：没有这些“刹车”，我们可能会迷失方向或陷入危险。根据“…these ‘brakes’, we could lose our direction or get into danger”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“没有”，Without为介词，后接名词短语，符合语境，指缺少“刹车”的后果。故选J。
20．句意：所以我们需要明白，生活中的 “刹车” 并不是要把我们推回去，而是要让我们比以前更快地前进。根据“not meant to push us back…to make us move forward more quickly”和备选词汇可知，此处考查not…but…“不是……而是……”，but符合语境，指“刹车”的真正意义不是阻碍而是促进。故选I。
21．F 22．B 23．C 24．E 25．A 26．D 27．G 28．K 29．L 30．I
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国世界级艺术大师齐白石的生平经历、绘画风格及艺术成就，展现了他在艺术领域的卓越贡献和对自然生活的热爱。
21．句意：他出生于湖南省湘潭的一个贫困家庭。根据“poor family”可知，此处需用不定冠词“a”表示“一个”，修饰可数名词单数“family”。故填F。
22．句意：他上学不到一年，因为生病。根据“He was at school for less than a year”以及“illnesses”结合备选词可知，此处是因果关系。“because of”意为“因为”，后接名词或名词短语。故填B。
23．句意：这本书激发了他对绘画的兴趣。根据“painting”结合备选词可知，此处是说画画，“painting pictures”表示“绘画”，符合语境。故填C。
24．句意：他决定自学，后来通过努力工作成为了艺术大师。根据“by himself”以及“became a master of art through his hard work”结合备选词可知，此处是表达通过自学并成为了艺术大师，“learn by oneself”是固定短语，意为“自学”，“decide to do sth.”后接动词原形。故填E。
25．句意：1902年，他开始环游中国。根据“to travel around China”结合备选词可知，此处是表达开始，“start to do sth.”意为“开始做某事”，结合时间“In 1902”可知用一般过去时，“started”符合语境。故填A。
26．句意：这些经历帮助他成为有史以来最优秀的艺术家之一。根据“one of the...artists of all time”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，“best”意为“最优秀的”。故填D。
27．句意：他的画一般是关于世界上的小东西，比如鱼、虾和青蛙。根据“paintings”结合备选词可知，前面需填形容词性物主代词，齐白石是男性，“His”意为“他的”。故填G。
28．句意：它们是如此生动，以至于看起来好像要跳出纸来打架。根据“so lively”可知，此处是“so...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填K。
29．句意：所有的作品都是齐白石以一种新颖的方式创作的，表达了他对自然和生活的热爱。根据“by Qi Baishi”结合备选词可知，此处是被动语态结构，“be created by”意为 “由……创作”，符合语境。故填L。
30．句意：他确实是一位艺术大师，是湘潭的骄傲。根据“He is...a master of art”结合备选词可知，此处是“really”，意为“确实”，用于加强语气。故填I。
31．on 32．him 33．believed 34．Sadly 35．spirit 36．move 37．fishing 38．tourists 39．different 40．Each
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了广西桂林漓江上一位老渔夫黄全德的故事，他被认为是20元人民币背面图案的原型，并介绍了他的一生和他所代表的漓江精神。
31．句意：你可能见过这样的照片：一个留着长长的白胡子、头戴竹帽的老渔夫站在船上。根据“with a long white beard (胡须) and wearing a bamboo hat, an old fisherman stands...a boat.”结合备选词可知，此处是指站在一艘小船上，on“在……上”，介词。故填on。
32．句意：当游客们在广西桂林的漓江上和他一起拍照时，黄全德就是这样的形象。根据“tourists took photos with...”结合备选词可知，此处是指和他一起拍照，介词with后接代词宾格，he的宾格是him。故填him。
33．句意：他在网上变得非常有名，以至于很多人认为20元人民币纸币背面的渔夫是以他的形象为原型的。根据“He became so famous on the Internet that many people...that the fisherman on the back of the 20-yuan renminbi banknote (纸币) was based on his image (形象).”结合备选词可知，此处是指大家认为20元人民币纸币背面的渔夫是以他的形象为原型的，believe“认为”，句子时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填believed。
34．句意：悲伤的是，黄去世了，享年94岁。根据“Huang died at the age of 94.”结合备选词可知，空处应填一个副词，修饰整个句子，结合前文可知，他很有名，所以此处指遗憾的是，sadly“悲伤地”，副词，首字母大写。故填Sadly。
35．句意：许多人说黄展示了漓江的真正精神。根据“Many people say that Huang showed the true...of the Lijiang River.”结合备选词可知，此处是指漓江的真正精神，spirit“精神”，不可数名词。故填spirit。
36．句意：90多岁时，黄仍然能快速地移动他的船。根据“In his 90s, Huang could still...his boat with speed.”结合备选词可知，此处是指快速地移动他的船，move“移动”，情态动词could后接动词原形。故填move。
37．句意：2008年，他放弃捕鱼，成为一名摄影模特后，他与世界各地的游客合影。根据“After he gave up...and became a photo model in 2008”结合备选词可知，此处是指放弃捕鱼，give up后接动名词，fishing表示“捕鱼”。故填fishing。
38．句意：2008年，他放弃捕鱼，成为一名摄影模特后，他与世界各地的游客合影。根据“he took photos with...worldwide.”结合备选词可知，此处是指与世界各地的游客合影，tourist“游客”，可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填tourists。
39．句意：事实上，第五套人民币纸币的不同背面展示了这个国家最具标志性的风景。根据“the...backsides of the fifth series (套) of renminbi banknotes show the most iconic landscapes (标志性风景) in the country.”结合备选词可知，此处是指第五套人民币纸币的不同背面，different“不同的”，形容词作定语修饰名词backsides。故填different。
40．句意：它们每一个都有自身的文化价值。根据“...of them carries its own cultural value.”结合备选词可知，此处是指它们每一个都有自身的文化价值，each“每一个”，代词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故填Each。
41．hardest 42．him 43．to finish 44．competitors 45．winner 46．arrived 47．signs 48．heavy 49．overcame 50．created
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国选手徐京坤在2024-2025年法国旺底不靠岸单人环球航海赛中创造历史的故事。
41．句意：它是世界上最艰难的赛事之一。根据“It is one of the ... events in the world.”及备选词汇可知，“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，“hard”的最高级是“hardest”。故填hardest。
42．句意：这一成就使他成为中国完成这项具有挑战性比赛的第一人。根据“This achievement made ... the first man in China to complete this challenging race.”及备选词汇可知，“make”是动词，后接人称代词宾格，“he”的宾格是“him”。故填him。
43．句意：徐也成为第100个完成旺底环球航海赛的人，这是该赛事历史上的一个重要里程碑。根据“Xu also became the 100th person ... the Vendee Globe, an important milestone (里程碑) in the history of the event.”及备选词汇可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“person”，表示“完成……的人”。故填to finish。
44．句意：旺底环球航海赛一开始有40名参赛者，但并非所有人都能完成比赛。根据“The Vendee Globe began with 40 ... but not all could finish.”及备选词汇可知，“40”后接可数名词复数，“compete”的名词形式“competitor”的复数是“competitors”。故填competitors。
45．句意：比赛的获胜者是查理 达林，他以仅64天多一点的时间完成比赛创造了纪录。根据“who set a record by finishing in just over 64 days”可知，此处指“获胜者”，用“winner”。故填winner。
46．句意：当徐的船到达终点线时，一大群人在那里为他欢呼。根据“As Xu’s boat ... at the finish line, a large crowd was there to cheer for him.”及备选词汇可知，文章整体是一般过去时，“arrive”的过去式是“arrived”。故填arrived。
47．句意：许多粉丝举着五颜六色的标牌来表示他们的支持，而徐骄傲地站在他的船上。根据“Many fans held colorful ... to show their support while Xu stood proudly on his boat.”及备选词汇可知，“colorful”后接名词，“sign”是可数名词，此处用复数“signs”。故填signs。
48．句意：他在南大洋遭遇了强风暴，甚至在穿越尼莫点时成为了“地球上最孤独的人”。根据“He faced ... storms in the Southern Ocean and even became ‘the most isolated (孤独的) man on Earth’ when he crossed Point Nemo.”及备选词汇可知，“storms”是名词，用形容词“heavy”修饰。故填heavy。
49．句意：尽管他面临许多问题，徐克服了所有这些困难，到达了终点线。根据“Though he faced many problems, Xu ... all these difficulties and reached the finish line.”及备选词汇可知，文章是一般过去时，“overcome”的过去式是“overcame”。故填overcame。
50．句意：据赛事总监休伯特 勒莫尼耶说，这是一个历史性的时刻，也为中国在这项世界级帆船赛事中创造了一个重要标志。根据“According to Hubert Lemonnier, race director, it was a historic time and ... an important mark for China in this world-class sailing (航行) event.”及备选词汇可知，文章是一般过去时，“create”的过去式是“created”。故填created。
51．helpful 52．times 53．spent 54．endangered 55．as 56．tries 57．In 58．Their 59．beauty 60．thousand
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个以拍摄自然世界动物照片为荣的摄影师谢建国，文中介绍了他为保护野生动物所做出的努力和贡献。
51．句意：他相信他的照片有助于保护野生动物。根据“Xie Jianguo is a photographer who is proud of taking photos of animals in the natural world.”和备选词汇可知，指照片对保护野生动物有帮助，help意为“帮助”，由are推知，应填help的形容词helpful作表语。故填helpful。
52．句意：他甚至去过北极和南极三十多次！根据“He has traveled to many places around the world.”和备选词汇可知，指超过三十次。time意为“时间，次数”，由thirty推知，应填time的复数形式times，表示“次数”。故填times。
53．句意：从2012年开始，谢建国把大部分时间都花在了拍摄我国的野生动物上。根据“most of his time in taking photos of the wildlife in our country”和备选词汇可知，指花费大部分时间，spend意为“花费”，由has推知，此处为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故填spent。
54．句意：他拍摄了四川可爱的大熊猫和其他濒危动物的照片。根据“He took photos of the cute pandas in Sichuan”和备选词汇可知，指其他濒临灭绝的动物。endangered意为“濒临灭绝的”。故填endangered。
55．句意：他曾走访过祁连山、西双版纳等近百个野生动物保护区。根据“such”和备选词汇可知，such as表示“例如”。故填as。
56．句意：他总是尝试面对面地拍摄动物，以自然的方式展现动物，不打扰它们。根据“When Xie takes photos, he respects (尊重) and protects the wild animals he meets.”和备选词汇可知，指尝试面对面拍摄动物，try意为“尝试”，由always推知，此句为一般现在时，主语He时第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填tries。
57．句意：2016年，谢建国与合作伙伴启动了“自然影像中国”项目。根据“2016”可知，指在2016年。用in连接。故填In。
58．句意：他们的主要工作是记录和保护中国的自然美景并与世界分享。根据“Xie started the ‘Nature Image China’ project with his partners”和备选词汇可知，指他们的主要工作，they意为“他们”，由main work推知，应填they的形容词性物主代词their，句子首字母应大写。故填Their。
59．句意：他们的主要工作是记录和保护中国的自然美景并与世界分享。根据“the natural…of China”和备选词汇可知，指中国的自然美景，beauty意为“美景”，故填beauty。
60．句意：他们组织了一百多个摄影展览，展示了大约七千张令人惊叹的照片。根据“They have organized over one hundred photography exhibitions”和备选词汇可知，指展览展出大约七千张照片，thousand意为“千”。故填thousand。
61．shows 62．stones 63．However 64．us 65．upset 66．focus 67．to beat 68．pride 69．directly 70．power 71．hopeful
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了我们要平衡我们的能力，专注在我们的目标上。
61．句意：水的温柔并不意味着脆弱，而是它展示出的一种毅力和决心的精神。此空需填动词，根据主语it可知，动词应变为三单形式。故填shows。
62．句意：相比于那些坚硬的石头，水是温柔的。此空需填名词被hard修饰，备选词stone符合语境，且根据those可知，此空应为可数名词的复数。故填stones。
63．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，甚至是水体都可以击穿坚硬的岩石。此空需填连词，上文说水是温柔的，下文说水滴石穿，可知构成转这关系，备选词however符合语境，且放于句首，需大写。故填However。
64．句意：水提醒着我们，一旦我们选择了自己的目标，我们就应该坚持自己的计划。此空需填宾语，备选词we可变为us，符合语境。故填us。
65．句意：所以，如果你是更弱的那个，不要沮丧。此空需填形容词，备选词upset符合语境。故填upset。
66．句意：你应该专注在你正在做的事并且永不放弃。此空需填动词，根据on可知，备选词focus可与on构成短语，意为“集中注意”，符合语境。故填focus。
67．句意：如果你是更强的那个，不要太骄傲因为任何一个比你弱的人仍然有机会打败你。短语have a chance to do sth，意为“有机会做某事”；根据“don’t be too proud because anyone weaker than you still has a chance”可知，让你不要骄傲的原因是可能会被打败，备选词beat符合语境。故填to beat。
68．句意：越王勾践放弃了他的骄傲来满足吴王夫差的无理要求。此空需填名词，备选词proud可变为pride，符合语境。故填pride。
69．句意：在另一个例子中，汉朝皇帝刘邦直接避免和项目打仗。此空需填副词修饰动词，备选词direct可变为directly，符合题意。故填directly。
70．句意：取而代之的是，他随着时间的推移建立了自己的政权并且在最后一场战役中打败了项羽军队。此空需填名词，根据“build up”可知，建立可搭配备选词power，符合语境。故填power。
71．句意：这些人向我们展示了，为了成功，我们应该保持一个充满希望的态度。此空需填形容词修饰attitude。根据“succeed”可知，应该考虑积极的形容词，备选词hope可变为hopeful，符合语境。故填hopeful。
72．traffic 73．when 74．pollution 75．cities 76．totally 77．hopes 78．convenient 79．their 80．offers 81．more 82．to become
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了许多城市正在使用不同的方法来解决交通污染和改善健康。
72．句意：更多的骑自行车，更好的公共交通和汽车单双号限行——许多城市正在使用不同的方法来减少交通污染。根据“More biking, better public transport and odd-even bans on vehicles (车辆单双号限行)—many cities are using different ways to reduce…pollution.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该是指“减少交通污染”。故填traffic。
73．句意：巴黎不允许汽车在周末进入许多历史悠久的中心地区，对车辆实行单双号限行，并在出现严重污染事件时免费乘坐公共交通工具。根据空格前“Paris doesn’t allow cars in many historic central places at weekends, carries out odd-even bans on vehicles, and makes public transport free”和空格后“there are serious pollution events.”，结合备选词可知，此处考查when引导的时间状语从句，when“当……时”，连接副词。故填when。
74．句意：由于德里污染严重，印度要求该市停止所有新的大型柴油汽车和柴油出租车。根据后半句“India made the city stop all new large diesel cars (柴油汽车) and diesel taxis.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该是指“严重的污染”，pollution“污染”，不可数名词。故填pollution。
75．句意：都柏林和布鲁塞尔等其他城市也在考虑柴油禁令。根据空格后“like Dublin and Brussels, are also considering diesel bans.”可知，Dublin和Brussels都是城市名，结合备选词可知，city“城市”，可数名词，此处要填入复数形式cities。故填cities。
76．句意：芬兰首都赫尔辛基计划通过发展更好的公共交通、提高停车价格以及鼓励自行车和步行来彻底减少街道上的汽车数量。根据“Helsinki, capital of Finland, plans to…cut down the number of cars on its streets by developing better public transport, raising the parking prices and encouraging bikes and walking.”可知，句子不缺成分，结合备选词，此处填入totally“总体地，彻底地”，副词，修饰动词短语cut down，表示“彻底减少街道上的汽车数量。”故填totally。
77．句意：政府希望通过这种方式，到2050年没有人会想要汽车。根据句意和备选词可知，此处填入hope，动词，意为“希望”符合句意，又因为该句是名词单数作主语，所以hope要变成第三人称单数形式hopes。故填hopes。
78．句意：德国弗赖堡有500公里的自行车道和便宜便捷的公共交通系统。根据空格前“a cheap and”和空格后“public transport system”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入形容词convenient，意为“便捷的”符合句意，表示“便宜便捷的公共交通系统”。故填convenient。
79．句意：一个名叫沃邦的小镇不允许人们在他们的家附近停车，车主需要支付18000英镑才能在小镇附近找到一个停车位。根据空格后“homes”和句意，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”，表示“沃邦的小镇不允许人们在他们的家附近停车”。故填their。
80．句意：作为没有汽车生活的回报，政府为人们提供更便宜的住房、免费公共交通和许多自行车停车位。根据“the government…people cheaper housing, free public transport, and many bicycle spaces.”和语境可知，此处句子缺谓语，主语为government，可数名词单数形式，时态为一般现在时，结合备选词和句意，此处填入offers，意为“提供”符合句意。故填offers。
81．句意：丹麦哥本哈根更喜欢自行车而不是汽车，现在自行车比人口还多。根据空格后“bicycles than people”可知，此处考查形容词比较级，结合句意和备选词，填入many的比较级形式more，表示“现在自行车比人口还多”。故填more。
82．句意：该市的大部分地区多年来一直禁止汽车进入，该市计划到2025年实现碳中和。根据“the city plans…carbon neutral (碳平衡) by 2025.”可知，此处考查非谓语形式：plan to do sth计划要做某事，结合备选词，此处应该填入动词不定式：to become，意为“实现”，表示“该市计划到2025年实现碳中和”。故填to become。
83．giving 84．stopped 85．asked 86．balloons 87．excitedly 88．could 89．find 90．their 91．are 92．best
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一次演讲中的一个活动，让人们明白了找到幸福的最好方法就是帮助别人。
83．句意：演讲者正在做一个关于幸福的演讲。give a speech“发表演讲”，空处用现在分词giving与was一起构成过去进行时。故填giving。
84．句意：他停止了演讲，要求所有的人参加一个小组活动。根据“asked all of the people to take part in a group activity.”可知，他停止了演讲，stop“停止”，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填stopped。
85．句意：每个人都被要求用黑色马克笔在气球上写下自己的名字。根据“Each person was ... to write his or her name”及备选词可知，是指被要求写下名字，ask“要求”，空处用过去分词与was一起构成一般过去时的被动结构。故填asked。
86．句意：然后，所有的气球都被收集起来，移到另一个房间。根据“to write his or her name on the balloon with a black marker.”可知，此处是指所有的气球被收集起来，balloon“气球”，空处用名词复数形式。故填balloons。
87．句意：每个人都兴奋地跑来跑去，到处寻找自己的气球。根据“Everyone rushed around ... looking for their balloon”及备选词可知，是指兴奋地跑来跑去，空处用副词excitedly“兴奋地”，修饰动词。故填excitedly。
88．句意：找了五分钟后，没有人能找到自己的气球。根据“no one ... find their own balloon.”可知，是指没有人能找到自己的气球，can“能”，本文主体时态是一般过去时，因此用过去式could。故填could。
89．句意：看到这一幕后，演讲者让每个人收集一个气球，并试图找到上面写着名字的那个人。根据“try to ... the person whose name was written on it”可知，是指试图找到气球上面写着名字的那个人，find“找到”，try to do sth“试图做某事”。故填find。
90．句意：大家开始互相交谈，互相询问对方的名字。根据“asking each other for ... names.”及备选词可知，此处是指互相询问他们的名字，空处用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，修饰名词names。故填their。
91．句意：气球就像是我们自己生活中想要的幸福。be like“像”，主语是复数，由“want”可知，时态是一般现在时，be用are。故填are。
92．句意：但有时候找到快乐的最好方法就是帮助别人。根据“the ... way to find happiness is to help others”可知，是指最好的方法是帮助别人，the best way to“……的最好方法”，空处用good的最高级best作定语。故填best。
93．were 94．because 95．fighting 96．the 97．to 98．by 99．went 100．and 101．carefully 102．difficulties
【导语】本文讲述了一个睿智的父亲用一捆筷子教会七个儿子要团结的故事。
93．句意：但是他的儿子们总是打架。根据“...always fighting”可知，及备选词可知，此处指总是在打架，空处缺少be动词；全文的主体时态是一般过去时，又因主语“his sons ”是复数，所以were符合语境。故填were 。
94．句意：这让一 些坏人很高兴，因为他们想骗取这几个兄弟们父亲的钱。空格后的内容“they wanted to cheat (欺骗) the brothers out of their father’s money.”是空格前内容“It made some bad people happy”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because 。
95．句意：有一天，父亲决定帮助他的儿子们停止打架，于是把他们召集在一起。根据前文内容可知，他的儿子们总是打架，所以此处应该是父亲决定帮助他的儿子 们停止打架，fight“打架”；stop doing sth“停止做某事 ”，固定用法，所以空处用动词ing形式。故填fighting。
96．句意：谁能折断这捆东西，我就把我所有的钱给谁。此处指能折断这捆筷子的人，因此空格处应用定冠词 the来表特指。故填the 。
97．句意：七个儿子每个人都努力去折断那捆筷子，但是这太难了。try to do sth“努力做某事”，固定用法。故填to 。
98．句意：他解开那捆筷子，轻而易举地把它们一根一根地折断。one by one 意为 “一个接一个地”，固定搭配。故填by 。
99．句意：这位父亲继续说。根据空格后的“As it is with these chopsticks ...”可知，是父亲继续说，go on 意为“继续”，固定搭配。 由于讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，所以用go的过去式went。故填went。
100．句意：但如果你们打架，你就会像这些筷子一样，又断又弱。根据“broken”和“weak”可知，两者之间是并列关系，所以此处应用表示并列的关系连词and来连接两个形容词。故填and 。
101．句意：七个儿子认真地听着，并保证会团结一致。根据“listened...”及备选词可知，此处表示他们认真地听着。由于空格前的 listened是动词，所以应用careful 的副词形式carefully 来修饰。故填carefully 。
102．句意：他们信守诺言，共同面对生活中的困难，正如他们睿智的父亲教导他们的那样。根据“faced life’s...together”及所给词可知，此处表示困难，所以应用可数名词difficulty的复数形式difficulties。故填difficulties。
103．E 104．C 105．I 106．J 107．A 108．G 109．H 110．D 111．F 112．B
【导语】本文主要告诉我们一个哲理，快乐与金钱并没有关系，而在于你细心去捕捉，生活就像一个旋转的门，当它关闭的时候，它也会打开。如果你抓住你得到的每一个机会，你就是一个快乐而又幸运的人。
103．句意：你不需要关心那些有漂亮房子、大花园和游泳池的人，或者那些有好车和很多钱的人等等。根据句意和固定词组care about“关心，在乎”可知，选项E“care关心”符合语境。故选E。
104．句意：你不需要关心那些有漂亮房子、大花园和游泳池的人，或者那些有好车和很多钱的人等等。根据前后句关系可知，两者之间是并列关系。选项C“or或者”符合语境。故选C。
105．句意：因为那些有大房子的人可能经常感到孤独，而那些有车的人可能想在空闲时间走在乡间小路上。根据下一句“and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their...time.”推测，那些有大房子的人可能会感到孤独，选项I“lonely孤独的”符合语境。故选I。
106．句意：因为那些有大房子的人可能经常感到孤独，而那些有车的人可能想在空闲时间走在乡间小路上。根据句子成分可知，形容词修饰名词，空格处应填写形容词，选项J“free空闲的”符合语境。故选J。
107．句意：事实上，如果你用心，幸福就在你身边。根据“In fact, happiness is always around you...you put your heart into it.”可知，前后句应该是一种条件关系，选项A“if如果”符合语境。故选A。
108．句意：当你对别人做一些好事时，你也会感到快乐。根据“you will feel happy, too.”可知，当你对别人做一些好事的时候，你自己也会感到快乐，选项G“something某事”符合语境。故选G。
109．句意：它是你内心的一种感觉。根据“It is a feeling of your...”这是一种心灵的感觉。选项H“heart心灵”符合语境。故选H。
110．句意：当你很穷的时候，你也可以说你很幸福，因为你拥有了用钱买不到的东西。根据“because you have something else that can’t be bought with money”推测，当一个人很穷的时候也可以说是很幸福的，选项D“poor贫穷的”符合语境。故选D。
111．句意：当你遇到困难时，你可以大声说你很高兴，因为你有更多的机会挑战自己。根据“because you have more chances to challenge yourself.”推测，当你遇到困难时，也可以说你很高兴，选项F“difficulties 困难”符合语境。故选F。
112．句意：当它关闭时，它也是开着的。根据“When it closes, it also...”可知，旋转门关的时候也有一部分是打开的，选项B“opens打开”符合语境。故选B。
113．parents 114．lucky 115．but 116．our 117．joined 118．avoid 119．at least
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了残疾人棋手谢海涛与围棋的故事。
113．句意：虽然他的父母带着他四处就医，但他无法康复，不得不在轮椅上度过了数年。根据“took him around for medical treatment”可知，此处指父母带他去看病。故填parents。
114．句意：在一个孤独的环境中，谢海涛很幸运地遇到了围棋。根据“Xie was”可知，此处应用一形容词作表语，结合“He said Go gave him the hope for life.”可知，谢海涛遇到围棋是幸运的。故填lucky。
115．句意：我认为残疾人的道路不是很宽，但围棋是一个很好的选择。根据“I think the way of disabled people is not very wide,...Go is a good choice.”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
116．句意：它不仅仅是一场比赛，它也有我们民族的文化。根据“nation’s culture”和常识可知，围棋是我国的民族文化。故填our。
117．句意：由于他的健康状况不佳，他参加的每一场比赛都像是对身体的挑战。根据“felt like a physical challenge because of his poor health”可知，此处指“他参加的比赛”。故填joined。
118．句意：此外，为了避免在比赛期间上厕所，他在比赛前一周减少了饮食。根据“he reduced his food in the week before the race”可知，减少饮食是为了避免比赛时上厕所。故填avoid。
119．句意：每天的练习都很累，但至少谢海涛长成了一个更聪明、更强壮的少年。根据“Daily practice is tiring, but...Xie grew into a much brighter and stronger teenager.”可知，此处说的是虽然练习很累，但围棋带给谢海涛益处，介词短语at least“至少”符合句意。故填at least。
120．daily 121．project 122．After 123．do 124．listed 125．them 126．for 127．successfully 128．ball’s 129．better
【导语】本文主要讲述了茱莉亚，杰西卡和她们的朋友一起成功地完成了一个项目，发明了一款内置电池的新型足球，这款足球既能为人们提供娱乐，还能够提供照明和充电。
120．句意：发明在我们的日常生活中一直扮演着重要的角色。此处需要形容词作定语，结合备选词，day的形容词daily“日常的”符合语境，故填daily。
121．句意：哈佛大学的一位老师想让他的学生做一个项目。此处需要名词作宾语，结合“A teacher in Harvard University wanted to let his students do a...”和备选词可知，是做一个项目，project“项目”符合语境，故填project。
122．句意：听到这些后，茱莉亚和杰西卡回答说：“我们想接受这项艰巨的工作。”根据“...hearing that, Julia and Jessica answered”可知，听到这些后做了回答，备选词after符合语境，句首首字母要大写，故填After。
123．句意：他们认为为了能很好地完成任务，他们应该先做一项调查。根据“They thought they should...a research first”可知，先做一个调查，do“做”符合语境，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填do。
124．句意：所以他们在纸上列出了一些用电较少的国家，并仔细研究了它们。根据“So they...some countries with less electric energy on the paper”可知，在纸上列出一些用电较少的国家，list“列清单”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填listed。
125．句意：虽然他们有一个想法，但实现起来有点困难。根据“it was a bit hard for...to make it come true”可知，对他们来说有点难，用宾格them作宾语，故填them。
126．句意：然后他们向他们的朋友求助。根据“Then they asked their friends...help.”可知，此处是ask sb. for help短语，意为“向……求助”，故填for。
127．句意：完成这项任务花了他们很长时间，但最后他们还是成功地完成了。根据“It took them a long time to complete the task, but finally they did it...”可知，最终成功完成，用副词successfully修饰动词，故填successfully。
128．句意：当球员踢球时，内部的电池从球的运动中获取能量。根据“the battery inside caught the energy from the...movements”可知，从球的运动中获取能量，用名词所有格ball’s作定语，故填ball’s。
129．句意：一个简单的课堂项目可以让我们的生活变得更好，这真是太棒了。根据“It is fantastic that a simple class project can make our lives much...”可知，一个简单的课堂项目可以让我们的生活变得更好，much修饰比较级，good的比较级better“更好”符合语境，故填better。
130．happily 131．realizing 132．cups 133．themselves 134．leaving 135．best 136．really 137．are 138．tools 139．to enjoy
【导语】本文讲述了一群学生拜访老师，老师用咖啡和杯子给他们上了一节人生课。
130．句意：他们愉快地交谈着。空处应填副词修饰动词，结合选词可知，happily“开心地”符合语境，故填happily。
131．句意：老师问他们实现梦想的困难。根据“the difficulty they had...their dreams.”可知，是指实现梦想的困难。realize“实现”，动词，have difficulty doing sth“做某事有困难”，故填realizing。
132．句意：老师去了厨房，拿了一大壶咖啡和许多杯子，瓷的，塑料的和玻璃的。根据“china (瓷制的) ones, plastic ones and glass ones”和下文介绍可知，是指许多杯子，应用复数名词cups。故填cups。
133．句意：老师叫他们随便喝咖啡。help oneself表示“自便”，这里指代学生们自己，应用themselves，故填themselves。
134．句意：你们有没有注意到，你们都拿了漂亮的昂贵的杯子，而留下了简单的和便宜的杯子？此处是短语leave behind“留下”，leave和主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，前句已有谓语动词，此处应用现在分词，故填leaving。
135．句意：你们只想给自己最好的。根据“Can you notice that all of you took nice-looking expensive cups”和选词可知，是指最好的杯子，best“最好的”符合语境，故填best。
136．句意：你们真正想要的是咖啡，而不是杯子，但你们都去拿最好的杯子，然后开始看别人的杯子。空处应填副词修饰动词wanted，结合选词可知，really“真正”符合语境，故填really。
137．句意：现在想想看：生活是咖啡，而工作、金钱和社会地位就是杯子。根据“life is the coffee, and the jobs, money and position in society...the cups.”可知，空处应填be动词，把工作、金钱和社会地位比喻为杯子。主语是并列名词，be用are。故填are。
138．句意：它们只是握在手里的工具，并不能改变生活。空处应填复数名词，结合选词可知，tools“工具”符合语境，故填tools。
139．句意：有时候，我们只关心杯子，却无法享受咖啡。根据“Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail...the coffee.”可知，大家因为过于关注杯子却没有享受咖啡。enjoy“享受”，fail to do“未能做”。故填to enjoy。
140．it 141．what 142．to 143．cleaned 144．earliest 145．because 146．hundreds 147．popular 148．invention 149．habit
【导语】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。
140． 句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“a small thing”，需用代词it。故填it。
141． 句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is ”可知，是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。
142．句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。according to“根据”，为固定短语，故填to。
143．句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。根据“before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people...their teeth...”可知，没有牙刷，古人会用树枝清洁牙齿。clean the teeth表示“清理牙齿”；句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填cleaned。
144． 句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。根据“ About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo.”可知，大约800年前，人们用猪毛和竹子制作了一种牙刷，这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。earliest“最早的”符合语境，故填earliest。
145． 句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because表示“因为”。故填because。
146．句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，用它刷牙。根据上文“About 800 years ago”可知此处是hundreds of短语，表示“数以百计的”。故填hundreds。
147．句意：它很快在当地人中流行起来。根据“It became...among local people soon.”可知，空处需填入形容词作表语，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境。故填popular。
148．句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根据“The...of toothbrushes”可知，是指牙刷的发明。invention“发明”。故填invention。
149． 句意：今天我们有刷牙的好习惯。根据“Today we have a good...of brushing teeth.”可知，刷牙是好习惯。have a good habit of“有一个……好习惯”。故填habit。
150．cut down 151．anything 152．protecting 153．planet 154．produce 155．simply 156．recent 157．drying 158．fourth 159．natural
【导语】本文主要介绍了由于人类活动，地球变得越来越温暖，为此我们可以做一些事情来帮助地球，这里提出了两个主意：骑自行车去上学和用环保的方式洗衣服。
150．句意：我们砍伐、焚烧树木，还有汽车和工厂向空气中排放气体。根据“We...burn trees”可知，此处是砍伐、焚烧树木，结合备选词汇，cut down“砍伐”，符合语境。句子的时态为一般现在时，主语we为复数，所以此处动词用原形。故填cut down。
151．句意：对此我们能做点什么吗？根据“Can we do...about it ”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指我们能做点什么吗，something“什么事情”符合语境。因为此句是一般疑问句，所以要将something改为anything。故填anything。
152．句意：我们可能不是领导者或科学家，但我们可以在保护地球方面发挥自己的作用。根据“Ride bikes to school.”，“Wash in the green way.”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指我们可以做自己力所能及的事情来保护地球，protect“保护”符合语境。play a part in doing sth.“参与做某事”，为固定用法，所以空处用动词ing形式。故填protecting。
153．句意：如果你骑自行车，你就是在为我们的星球做一些事情。根据“We may not be leaders or scientists but we can play our part in...the planet. Here are two ideas.”及结合备选词汇可知，骑自行车就是在保护我们的星球，planet“星球”，可数名词，因为此处指我们所居住的星球，表单数。故填planet。
154．句意：公共汽车、汽车、火车和飞机会产生大量的二氧化碳。根据“Buses, cars,trains and planes...a lot of carbon dioxide.”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指这些交通工具会产生大量的二氧化碳，produce“产生”符合语境。句子的时态为一般现在时，主语“Buses, cars,trains and planes”为复数，所以填动词原形。故填produce。
155．句意：或者，你可以简单地步行去学校以节省能源。根据“Or, you can...walk to school to save energy.”可知，此处需填一个副词，来修饰动词walk，结合备选词汇，simply“简单地”符合语境。故填simply。
156．句意：剑桥大学最近的一项研究发现，一件衣服所消耗的能源的百分之六十是用在洗涤和烘干上。根据“A...study by Cambridge University found that...”及结合备选词汇可知，是最近的一项研究发现，recently“最近地”，副词，此处需填一个形容词作定语，修饰study。故填recent。
157．句意：剑桥大学最近的一项研究发现，一件衣服所消耗的能源的百分之六十是用在洗涤和烘干上。根据“60 percent of the energy used on a piece of clothing is spent in washing and...”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指衣服的洗涤和烘干，dry“弄干”符合语境，根据前面有介词in可知，此处用动词ing形式。故填drying。
158．句意：一些新机器只消耗旧机器四分之一的能源。根据“one...of the energy of old machines”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指新机器消耗旧机器四分之一的能源，基数词+序数词表示几分之几，此处用序数词，four的序数词为fourth。故填fourth。
159．句意：当它们洗干净后，用自然的方式使你的衣服变干，通过把它们挂在绳子上，而不是放在烘干机里。根据“by hanging them on a line”可知，通过自然晾晒的方式使衣服变干，结合备选词汇，nature“自然”，其形容词natural“自然的”符合语境，形容词作定语修饰way。故填natural。
160．used 161．whenever 162．opens 163．bought 164．but also 165．brothers 166．another 167．without 168．talking 169．first
【导语】本文介绍了两种礼貌用语“谢谢”和“打扰一下”的用法。
160． 句意：“谢谢”在现代社会被广泛使用。根据“You should say ‘Thank you’...others help you or say something kind to you.”及所给选词可知，“谢谢你”被广泛使用，be used“被使用”。故填used。
161．句意：每当别人帮助你或对你说一些友善的话时，你应该说“谢谢”。此处介绍通常在什么时候说“谢谢”这个词，备选词whenever“每当”符合语境。故填whenever。
162．句意：例如，当有人为你开门时……。根据“you should say ‘Thank you’ ”可知，有人为你开门时要致谢，故用动词open；根据“says”可知用一般现在时，someone后用第三人称单数形式opens。故填opens。
163．句意：……当有人说你买了一件漂亮的衬衫……。根据“a nice shirt”可知，是当你买了一件漂亮的衬衫时，buy“买”；have后接其过去分词bought构成现在完成时。故填bought。
164．句意：它不仅用于朋友之间，而且用于父母和孩子之间……。not only..
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期末复习考点培优北师大版
专题09 选词填空
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．told B．His C． works D．kindness E. parents F. more G. differently H. valuable I. said J. understand K. friends L. make
Last year we had a new classmate. 1 name is Danny. He was tall and handsome with dark brown eyes. Many classmates liked him.
One day, we were 2 that we would have a school trip at the end of the month. The whole class got very excited and the girls began to discuss what to wear and what to bring with them. But Danny simply told everyone he wouldn’t go.
“Don’t you like it, Danny ” our teacher, Mr. Sims, asked with 3 .
Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad is ill in bed. My mom 4 in a supermarket every day. I’m not asking them for money.”
“I’m very proud of you that you can understand your 5 . Not every student of your age can think about this,” Mr. Sims replied.
Then Mr. Sims said to the class, “This year, we are going to do things 6 . Would you like to raise money for the trip by yourselves I hope each of you can come up with at least one idea. And we will 7 a plan tomorrow.”
“Well, my family can afford the trip. Do I still have to do that ” Shelly asked.
“Shelly, this will be a different and 8 learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
That day, we knew Danny 9 than before because he was not only honest but also brave. His behavior (行为) helped us 10 what his family had or didn’t have couldn’t decide who he was. He won the respect of many of us.
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．none B．silent C． stood D．her E. courage F. questions G. faster H. protect I. but J. Without K. us L. and
Once in a physics class, the teacher asked students, “Why do we have brakes (刹车) in our cars ” Soon, students gave different answers. A student 11 up and replied, “Sir, to stop the car.” Another one said, “To reduce and control the speed of the car.”
However, 12 of the answers was the same as the teacher’s. Then he said, “All of your answers are right. But in my opinion, the brakes in the car make us able to drive much 13 .”
“If the car has no brakes, how fast are we ready to drive It is the brakes in the car that give us 14 to drive fast and safely.” Listening to this, the whole class was 15 because no one had imagined this answer.
Similarly, there are many such “brakes” in our life, which seem to stop us. For example, our parents may ask 16 about progress or decisions in life. Their 17 or suggestions may be considered as “brakes” which stand in our way. But we can see them as our supporters which can 18 us while taking risks. Sometimes, we have to stop or even step back, so that we can take a big step.
In fact, it is the “brakes” in life that help us a lot. 19 these“brakes”, we could lose our direction or get into danger. So we need to understand that “brakes” in our life are not meant to push us back 20 to make us move forward more quickly than before.
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．started B．of C． pictures D．best E. learn F. a G. His H. for I. really J. Her K. that L. created
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China.
He was born into 21 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He was at school for less than a year because 22 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting guide book —Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interests in painting 23 . He decided to 24 by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 25 to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 26 artists of all time.
27 paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子) where a lamp is hung. Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 28 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works were 29 by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 30 a master of art and the pride of Xiangtan.
从方框中选择单词，并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。
believe move on he spirit different each sadly tourist fishing
You may have seen such a photo: with a long white beard (胡须) and wearing a bamboo hat, an old fisherman stands 31 a boat. Huang Quande looked like this when tourists took photos with 32 on the Lijiang River in Guilin, Guangxi. He became so famous on the Internet that many people 33 that the fisherman on the back of the 20-yuan renminbi banknote (纸币) was based on his image (形象). 34 , Huang died at the age of 94.
Many people say that Huang showed the true 35 of the Lijiang River. He was a positive (积极向上的) and kind man. In his 90s, Huang could still 36 his boat with speed. After he gave up 37 and became a photo model in 2008, he took photos with 38 worldwide.
In fact, the 39 backsides of the fifth series (套) of renminbi banknotes show the most iconic landscapes (标志性风景) in the country. 40 of them carries its own cultural value.
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，方框中有两个词为多余项。
he win sign easy overcome admire finish hard arrive heavy compete create
Xu Jingkun, a young man from China , made history when he crossed the finish line of the 2024-2025 Vendee Globe (法国旺代不靠岸单人环球航海赛). It is one of the 41 events in the world. This achievement made 42 the first man in China to complete this challenging race. Xu also became the 100th person 43 the Vendee Globe, an important milestone (里程碑) in the history of the event.
The Vendee Globe began with 40 44 , but not all could finish. Some faced challenges and had to drop out. The race 45 was Charlie Dalin, who set a record by finishing in just over 64 days. Xu completed the race in about 100 days and came in 30th place.
As Xu’s boat 46 at the finish line, a large crowd was there to cheer for him. Many fans held colorful 47 to show their support while Xu stood proudly on his boat. “We did it!”
Xu’s journey was not easy. He faced 48 storms in the Southern Ocean and even became “the most isolated (孤独的) man on Earth” when he crossed Point Nemo. Though he faced many problems, Xu 49 all these difficulties and reached the finish line.
Xu’s success is more than an achievement for himself. According to Hubert Lemonnier, race director, it was a historic time and 50 an important mark for China in this world-class sailing (航行) event.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
as beauty help endangered they in time thousand try spend on take
Xie Jianguo is a photographer who is proud of taking photos of animals in the natural world. He believes that his photos are 51 in protecting the wildlife. He has traveled to many places around the world. Xie has even visited the Arctic and the Antarctic(北极和南极) more than thirty 52 ! He experienced the great power of nature.
Since 2012, Xie has 53 most of his time in taking photos of the wildlife in our country. He took photos of the cute pandas in Sichuan and other 54 animals. He has visited nearly 100 wildlife protection areas, such 55 Qilian Mountain and Xishuangbanna. When Xie takes photos, he respects (尊重) and protects the wild animals he meets. He always 56 to film the animals face to face and shows the animals in a natural way, without troubling them.
57 2016, Xie started the “Nature Image China” project with his partners. 58 main work is to record and protect the natural 59 of China and share it with the world. They have organized over one hundred photography exhibitions, showing about seven 60 amazing photos.
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
hope show upset direct focus beat stone power however we proud
Water is the softest thing in nature, but Lao Zi really admired it.The gentleness of water does not mean weakness, but rather it 61 a spirit of perseverance (毅力) and determination (决心). Compared to those hard 62 , water is gentle. 63 , with continued efforts over time, even water droplets (水滴) can break through hard rocks. Water reminds 64 that once we have chosen our goal, we need to stick to our plan.
So, if you are the weaker one, don’t be 65 . You should 66 on what you are doing and never give up. And if you are the stronger one, don’t be too proud because anyone weaker than you still has a chance 67 you. King Goujian of Yue gave up his 68 to meet the unreasonable demands (无理的要求) of Fuchai, the king of Wu, and later defeated Wu. In another example, Emperor Liu Bang of the Han Dynasty avoided fighting Xiang Yu 69 . Instead, he built up his 70 over time and defeated Xiang Yu’s army in one final war. These people show us that in order to succeed, we should keep a 71 attitude. We need to think wisely about the balance of power, and stay focused on our goals.
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
offers city traffic many convenient when totally pollution hope their become
More biking, better public transport and odd-even bans on vehicles (车辆单双号限行)—many cities are using different ways to reduce 72 pollution.
Paris doesn’t allow cars in many historic central places at weekends, carries out odd-even bans on vehicles, and makes public transport free 73 there are serious pollution events.
Because of the serious 74 in Delhi, India made the city stop all new large diesel cars (柴油汽车) and diesel taxis. The city has started odd-even bans on vehicles and is now encouraging Uber-style minibuses. Other 75 like Dublin and Brussels, are also considering diesel bans.
Helsinki, capital of Finland, plans to 76 cut down the number of cars on its streets by developing better public transport, raising the parking prices and encouraging bikes and walking. The government 77 that in this way, no one will want a car by 2050.
Freiburg, Germany has 500 km of bike routes (路线) and a cheap and 78 public transport system. One town, Vauban, does not allow people to park cars near 79 homes and makes car owners pay ?18,000 for a special space near the town. In return for living without a car, the government 80 people cheaper housing, free public transport, and many bicycle spaces.
Copenhagen, Denmark prefers bikes to cars and now has 81 bicycles than people. Large parts of the city have been closed to cars for years and the city plans 82 carbon neutral (碳平衡) by 2025.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
find balloon be stop ask give they good excited can
One day, 50 people were taking part in a speech. The speaker was 83 a speech about happiness. However, after a few hours, people gradually lost their attention. The speaker came up with an idea. He 84 his speech and asked all of the people to take part in a group activity.
He gave a single balloon to each person in the room. Each person was 85 to write his or her name on the balloon with a black marker. Then, all of the 86 were collected and moved to another room.
The 50 people were then let into the room and told to find the balloon that had their names written on it. Everyone rushed around 87 looking for their balloon here and there. But people were bumping into and tripping (绊倒) over each other.
After five minutes of searching, no one 88 find their own balloon.
After seeing this, the speaker asked each person to collect a balloon and try to 89 the person whose name was written on it. Everyone started talking to each other and asking each other for 90 names. Within minutes, everyone had his or her own balloon. “Can you see what happened ” the speaker said. “The balloons 91 like the happiness we want in our own lives. Everyone is busy looking for their own happiness, not caring what happens to others. But sometimes the 92 way to find happiness is to help others. Help them find happiness and you can find your own.”
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
because the by to and difficulty careful go be fight
Once upon a time, there was a wise old man who had seven sons. But his sons 93 always fighting. It made some bad people happy 94 they wanted to cheat (欺骗) the brothers out of their father’s money.
One day, the father decided to help his sons stop 95 , so he brought them together. He tied seven chopsticks together, and said, “I will give all of my money to 96 one who can break this bundle (捆) .”
The seven sons each tried 97 break the chopsticks, but it was too hard. They agreed that it was impossible.
“Oh, my sons,” said the father, “it’s actually easy to do.”
He untied (解开) the chopsticks and broke them one 98 one easily.
“Aha!” said his sons. “It’s easy to do that way. Anyone can do it.”
The father 99 on, “As it is with these chopsticks, so it is with you, my sons. If you stick together and help each other, you will do well, and nobody can harm you. But if you fight, you will be like these chopsticks, broken 100 weak.”
The seven sons listened 101 and promised to stick together. They kept their promise and faced life’s 102 together, just as their wise father had taught them.
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面的括号内选出可以填入短文空格处的词。
A．if B．opens C． or D．poor E. care F. difficulties G. something H. heart I. lonely J. free
Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to 103 about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools 104 those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why Because those who have big houses may often feel 105 and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their 106 time.
In fact, happiness is always around you 107 you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friend will help you; when you get success, your friend will cheer for you. And when you do 108 good to others, you will feel happy, too. All these are your happiness. If you notice them, you can see that happiness is always around you.
Happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of your 109 . When you are 110 , you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. When you meet 111 , you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you can’t say you are poor and you have bad luck. As the saying goes, life is like a revolving (旋转的) door. When it closes, it also 112 . If you take every chance you get, you can be a happy and lucky person.
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。
up to joined but parents friends our avoid lucky at least
Xie Haitao was told by the doctor that he got progressive spinal muscular atrophy (进行性脊肌萎缩症) in 2000 when he was only one year old. Although his 113 took him around for medical treatment, he was unable to recover and had to spend years in a wheelchair (轮椅). In a lonely environment, Xie was 114 to meet Go (围棋).
He said Go gave him the hope for life. “I think the way of disabled people is not very wide, 115 Go is a good choice. It is more than just a competition, and it also has 116 nation’s culture. We can get happiness from it, too.”
Every game he 117 felt like a physical challenge because of his poor health. Besides, in order to 118 going to the toilet during the race, he reduced his food in the week before the race. This easily made him get sick.
Even so, Xie still values every chance to take part in the competition. He finds happiness not in winning, but in the chance of playing with skilled players from around the world.
Daily practice is tiring, but 119 Xie grew into a much brighter and stronger teenager. In 2021, Xie won the first gold medal in the National Paralympic Individual Competition (全国残奥会个人赛). After that, he lost himself in developing Go. To give back to the society, he opened the Haitao Public Welfare Go Classroom for poor teenagers, no matter how small, to let more people know about this wonderful game of Go.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
do successful list project ball they good for day after
Inventions always play an important role in our 120 life. They make our life wonderful and much easier.
A teacher in Harvard University wanted to let his students do a 121 . So he said to the class, “I want you to solve a world problem about electric energy. Who can finish the task ”
122 hearing that, Julia and Jessica answered, “We want to accept this difficult work.” They thought they should 123 a research first in order to finish the task well. So they 124 some countries with less electric energy on the paper and studied them carefully.
They noticed that people in these countries played soccer. So Julia and Jessica worked with friends to design a soccer ball with a battery (电池) in it. Though they had an idea, it was a bit hard for 125 to make it come true. Then they asked their friends 126 help. It took them a long time to complete the task, but finally they did it 127 .
Julia and Jessica named their ball the SOCCKET. When the players kicked the ball, the battery inside caught the energy from the 128 movements (移动). After games, the players used the energy in the battery to power LED lights and phones. It is wonderful that a simple class project can make our lives much 129 !
Small things always make a big difference.
从下面方框中选出10个单词并使用其适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺(每词限用一次)。
be cup enjoy good happy leave realize real story they tool teacher
A group of classmates got together to visit their old teacher. These classmates all had good jobs and made lots of money. They talked 130 . The teacher asked them the difficulty they had 131 their dreams. Then their talk soon turned to complaining about the stress in work and life. The teacher went to the kitchen and came back with a large pot of coffee and many 132 — china (瓷制的) ones, plastic ones and glass ones. Some are simple looking, some are expensive and some are lovely. The teacher told them to help 133 to the coffee.
When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the teacher said, “Can you notice that all of you took nice-looking expensive cups, 134 behind the simple and cheap ones You want only the 135 for yourselves. That is the source of your problems.”
“What all of you 136 wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other’s cups.”
“Now think about this: life is the coffee, and the jobs, money and position in society 137 the cups. They are just 138 to hold, and do not change the life. Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail 139 the coffee. So don’t let the cups drive you, and enjoy the coffee instead.”
根据短文内容用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，每词一次。
it early because what to invent clean popular habit hundred
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 140 in the bathroom. Without it. we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 141 it is Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history
According 142 some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 143 their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the 144 form of toothbrushes in the world. As time went by, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people later chose horse-tail hair 145 pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to 146 of years ago and brush your teeth with it. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 147 among local people soon. The 148 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very important in daily life. Today we have a good 149 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese people for it.
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
dry, produce, cut down, protect, recently, something, four, nature, planet, simple
The earth is getting warmer because of the activities of people. We 150 , burn trees and send gases into the air with our cars and factories. Can we do 151 about it Sure. We may not be leaders or scientists but we can play our part in 152 the planet. Here are two ideas.
Ride bikes to school.
Do you go to school by bus or by bike If you bike, you are doing something for our 153 . Buses, cars, trains and planes 154 a lot of carbon dioxide. If you live near your school, why not bike there on warm spring mornings Or, you can 155 walk to school to save energy.
Wash in the green way.
Do you help your mom and dad wash clothes Then wash them in an energy saving way. A 156 study by Cambridge University found that 60 percent of the energy used on a piece of clothing is spent in washing and 157 it. Over its lifetime, a T-shirt can send 4 kilograms of carbon dioxide into the air.
If you wash your own clothes, wash them in cold or warm water to save energy, but not hot water. Wash your clothes when they fill up the machine. Use the most energy-saving machine you can find. Some new ones use as little as one 158 of the energy of old machines. When they clean, dry your clothes in the 159 way, by hanging them on a line rather than putting them in a dryer. In all, you can cut down the carbon dioxide from washing by 90 percent.
从方框中选择适当的词语并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
One used another bought opens whenever talking brother without but also
“Thank you” is widely 160 in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you” 161 others help you or say something kind to you. For example, when someone 162 the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have 163 a nice shirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. It is used not only between friends, 164 between parents and children, 165 and sisters, husbands and wives.
“Excuse me” is 166 short polite usage. We use it the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone says so behind you, you’ll get to know that somebody wants to walk past 167 touching you. It is not polite to interrupt (打断) others while they are 168 .
If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me” 169 , and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right situation.
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。
buy, born, because of, raise, invent, record, it, use, by, easy
Hover Camera (无人机)
Wang Mengqiu, the 170 of Hover Camera, was 171 in Hangzhou in 1982. He became famous overnight 172 the invention.
Forget selfie sticks (自拍杆)! Compared to other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages (优点).
* It can fly and stay in mid-air, track (追踪) your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.
* It can be controlled 173 using a smartphone.
* It 174 movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.
* It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.
Mr. Wang also said, “The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the 175 . It’s very light and small. It can be folded in two, so it can be 176 put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on 177 own.”
The company 178 much money in the last few years to produce it. As it has been produced, Hover Camera can be 179 online or at the shops.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
doubt exact which inside we certain crayon be invent connect
Class One 180 having a meeting. The students were having a discussion in the classroom. What were they talking about The topic was the best 181 in our daily life. Tom thought the clock was the most useful. It could tell the time 182 . Without clock, we didn’t know when to leave for school. Maria showed us a 183 on the desk. It could be used to draw beautiful pictures. So it was helpful. Peter preferred computers. He said that the world was 184 together by computers. We could get the information far away in a minute. There were also tiny computers 185 the patients’ bodies. These computers were used for treating illnesses. Lily was 186 that the robots were important. The robots 187 worked in the factories helped people perform different tasks. It’s no 188 that all of these above changed our habits, and they make us work and live more comfortably. Perhaps in the future we can invent something for 189 . I’m sure we have the ability to be a real inventor.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。
large energy in picture until invent create work because country
The bicycle is one of the simplest but most useful inventions in the world. What is the most surprising is that it was not 190 earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had drawn 191 for bicycles and flying machines and some other things. Those things were not produced 192 long after he died.
A person riding a bicycle uses very little 193 to make the bicycle move, and there is no pollution at all when you are riding. Even so, in most developed 194 most people don’t go to work by bicycle. It is not 195 the bicycles are expensive or people feel tired if they ride to 196 . It’s because the number of cars on the roads becomes 197 . It certainly becomes more dangerous to ride a bicycle. As a result, more people put their bicycles away and got to work 198 their cars. And in this way, the situation is made more serious. Perhaps the best way to make riding safer and more popular is to 199 paths only for bicycles.
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E 6．G 7．L 8．H 9．F 10．J
【导语】本文主要讲述了新同学Danny因为家庭经济困难无法参加班级旅行，但他的诚实和勇敢赢得了大家的尊重，老师也借此机会引导同学们通过自己筹款来参加旅行，让每个人都获得了一次宝贵的学习经历。
1．句意：他的名字叫Danny。根据“name is Danny”可知，他的名字，his“他的”符合语境，位于句首首字母大写。故选B。
2．句意：一天，我们被告知我们将在月底有一次学校旅行。根据“we were...that we would have a school trip”可知，被告知有学校旅行，tell“告诉”符合语境，被动语态用过去分词。故选A。
3．句意：“你不喜欢吗，Danny？”我们的老师Sims先生和蔼地问道。根据“Mr. Sims, asked with”可知，和蔼地问，kindness“和蔼”符合语境。故选D。
4．句意：我妈妈每天在一家超市工作。根据“My mom...in a supermarket every day”可知，在超市工作，work“工作”符合语境，主语是单数。故选C。
5．句意：“我很自豪你能理解你的父母。”根据“you can understand your”可知，理解父母，parent“父母”符合语境，此处用复数形式表示父母两人。故选E。
6．句意：今年，我们要用不同的方式做事。根据“we are going to do things”可知，用不同的方式做事，differently“不同地”符合语境。故选G。
7．句意：我们明天将制定一个计划。根据“we will...a plan tomorrow”可知，制定计划，make a plan“制定计划”是固定短语。故选L。
8．句意：Shelly，无论你有没有钱，这对每个人来说都将是一次不同且有价值的学习经历。根据“a different and...learning experience”可知，有价值的学习经历，valuable“有价值的”符合语境。故选H。
9．句意：那天，我们比以前更了解Danny了。根据“we knew Danny...than before”可知，此处表示“比以前更了解Danny”，用副词more构成比较级结构。故选F。
10．句意：他的行为帮助我们理解他家庭拥有或不拥有什么并不能决定他是谁。根据“help us...what his family had or didn’t have couldn’t decide who he was”可知，帮助我们理解，understand“理解”符合语境，help do sth“帮助做某事”。故选J。
11．C 12．A 13．G 14．E 15．B 16．K 17．F 18．H 19．J 20．I
【导语】本文主要通过物理课上老师关于汽车刹车的提问，引申出生活中 “刹车” 的深层意义，即看似阻碍我们的事物实则是帮助我们安全前行的支撑。
11．句意：一个学生站起来回答：“老师，是为了停车。” 根据“A student…up and replied”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“站起来”，考查stand up短语，文章叙述过去的事，用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式stood。故选C。
12．句意：然而，没有一个答案和老师的一样。根据“However”和“of the answers was the same as the teacher’s”及备选词汇可知，此处需表示“没有一个”，none用于三者及以上否定，符合语境，指学生们的答案都与老师的不同。故选A。
13．句意：但在我看来，汽车的刹车能让我们开得更快。much常用于修饰比较级，空格处缺少副词修饰动词drive，所以空格处需用副词比较级，结合备选词汇可知，faster符合语境。故选G。
14．句意：正是汽车的刹车给了我们快速安全驾驶的勇气。根据“give us…to drive fast and safely”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“勇气”，courage为不可数名词，符合语境，指刹车带来的安全感让我们有勇气开快车。故选E。
15．句意：听了这话，全班都沉默了，因为没人想到这个答案。根据“the whole class was…because no one had imagined this answer”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“沉默的”，silent为形容词，作表语，符合语境，指学生们对老师的答案感到意外而沉默。故选B。
16．句意：例如，我们的父母可能会询问我们生活中的进步或决定。根据“our parents may ask…about progress or decisions in life”和备选词汇可知，此处需用宾格作宾语，us符合语境，指父母询问我们相关情况。故选K。
17．句意：他们的问题或建议可能被视为阻碍我们前进的“刹车”。根据“Their…or suggestions”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“问题”，questions为可数名词复数，与suggestions并列，符合语境，指父母的提问或建议。故选F。
18．句意：但我们可以把它们看作是在我们冒险时保护我们的支持者。根据“supporters which can…us while taking risks”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“保护”，protect为动词，符合语境，指这些“刹车”能在冒险时保护我们，情态动词can后接动词原形。故选H。
19．句意：没有这些“刹车”，我们可能会迷失方向或陷入危险。根据“…these ‘brakes’, we could lose our direction or get into danger”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“没有”，Without为介词，后接名词短语，符合语境，指缺少“刹车”的后果。故选J。
20．句意：所以我们需要明白，生活中的 “刹车” 并不是要把我们推回去，而是要让我们比以前更快地前进。根据“not meant to push us back…to make us move forward more quickly”和备选词汇可知，此处考查not…but…“不是……而是……”，but符合语境，指“刹车”的真正意义不是阻碍而是促进。故选I。
21．F 22．B 23．C 24．E 25．A 26．D 27．G 28．K 29．L 30．I
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国世界级艺术大师齐白石的生平经历、绘画风格及艺术成就，展现了他在艺术领域的卓越贡献和对自然生活的热爱。
21．句意：他出生于湖南省湘潭的一个贫困家庭。根据“poor family”可知，此处需用不定冠词“a”表示“一个”，修饰可数名词单数“family”。故填F。
22．句意：他上学不到一年，因为生病。根据“He was at school for less than a year”以及“illnesses”结合备选词可知，此处是因果关系。“because of”意为“因为”，后接名词或名词短语。故填B。
23．句意：这本书激发了他对绘画的兴趣。根据“painting”结合备选词可知，此处是说画画，“painting pictures”表示“绘画”，符合语境。故填C。
24．句意：他决定自学，后来通过努力工作成为了艺术大师。根据“by himself”以及“became a master of art through his hard work”结合备选词可知，此处是表达通过自学并成为了艺术大师，“learn by oneself”是固定短语，意为“自学”，“decide to do sth.”后接动词原形。故填E。
25．句意：1902年，他开始环游中国。根据“to travel around China”结合备选词可知，此处是表达开始，“start to do sth.”意为“开始做某事”，结合时间“In 1902”可知用一般过去时，“started”符合语境。故填A。
26．句意：这些经历帮助他成为有史以来最优秀的艺术家之一。根据“one of the...artists of all time”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，“best”意为“最优秀的”。故填D。
27．句意：他的画一般是关于世界上的小东西，比如鱼、虾和青蛙。根据“paintings”结合备选词可知，前面需填形容词性物主代词，齐白石是男性，“His”意为“他的”。故填G。
28．句意：它们是如此生动，以至于看起来好像要跳出纸来打架。根据“so lively”可知，此处是“so...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填K。
29．句意：所有的作品都是齐白石以一种新颖的方式创作的，表达了他对自然和生活的热爱。根据“by Qi Baishi”结合备选词可知，此处是被动语态结构，“be created by”意为 “由……创作”，符合语境。故填L。
30．句意：他确实是一位艺术大师，是湘潭的骄傲。根据“He is...a master of art”结合备选词可知，此处是“really”，意为“确实”，用于加强语气。故填I。
31．on 32．him 33．believed 34．Sadly 35．spirit 36．move 37．fishing 38．tourists 39．different 40．Each
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了广西桂林漓江上一位老渔夫黄全德的故事，他被认为是20元人民币背面图案的原型，并介绍了他的一生和他所代表的漓江精神。
31．句意：你可能见过这样的照片：一个留着长长的白胡子、头戴竹帽的老渔夫站在船上。根据“with a long white beard (胡须) and wearing a bamboo hat, an old fisherman stands...a boat.”结合备选词可知，此处是指站在一艘小船上，on“在……上”，介词。故填on。
32．句意：当游客们在广西桂林的漓江上和他一起拍照时，黄全德就是这样的形象。根据“tourists took photos with...”结合备选词可知，此处是指和他一起拍照，介词with后接代词宾格，he的宾格是him。故填him。
33．句意：他在网上变得非常有名，以至于很多人认为20元人民币纸币背面的渔夫是以他的形象为原型的。根据“He became so famous on the Internet that many people...that the fisherman on the back of the 20-yuan renminbi banknote (纸币) was based on his image (形象).”结合备选词可知，此处是指大家认为20元人民币纸币背面的渔夫是以他的形象为原型的，believe“认为”，句子时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填believed。
34．句意：悲伤的是，黄去世了，享年94岁。根据“Huang died at the age of 94.”结合备选词可知，空处应填一个副词，修饰整个句子，结合前文可知，他很有名，所以此处指遗憾的是，sadly“悲伤地”，副词，首字母大写。故填Sadly。
35．句意：许多人说黄展示了漓江的真正精神。根据“Many people say that Huang showed the true...of the Lijiang River.”结合备选词可知，此处是指漓江的真正精神，spirit“精神”，不可数名词。故填spirit。
36．句意：90多岁时，黄仍然能快速地移动他的船。根据“In his 90s, Huang could still...his boat with speed.”结合备选词可知，此处是指快速地移动他的船，move“移动”，情态动词could后接动词原形。故填move。
37．句意：2008年，他放弃捕鱼，成为一名摄影模特后，他与世界各地的游客合影。根据“After he gave up...and became a photo model in 2008”结合备选词可知，此处是指放弃捕鱼，give up后接动名词，fishing表示“捕鱼”。故填fishing。
38．句意：2008年，他放弃捕鱼，成为一名摄影模特后，他与世界各地的游客合影。根据“he took photos with...worldwide.”结合备选词可知，此处是指与世界各地的游客合影，tourist“游客”，可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填tourists。
39．句意：事实上，第五套人民币纸币的不同背面展示了这个国家最具标志性的风景。根据“the...backsides of the fifth series (套) of renminbi banknotes show the most iconic landscapes (标志性风景) in the country.”结合备选词可知，此处是指第五套人民币纸币的不同背面，different“不同的”，形容词作定语修饰名词backsides。故填different。
40．句意：它们每一个都有自身的文化价值。根据“...of them carries its own cultural value.”结合备选词可知，此处是指它们每一个都有自身的文化价值，each“每一个”，代词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故填Each。
41．hardest 42．him 43．to finish 44．competitors 45．winner 46．arrived 47．signs 48．heavy 49．overcame 50．created
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国选手徐京坤在2024-2025年法国旺底不靠岸单人环球航海赛中创造历史的故事。
41．句意：它是世界上最艰难的赛事之一。根据“It is one of the ... events in the world.”及备选词汇可知，“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，“hard”的最高级是“hardest”。故填hardest。
42．句意：这一成就使他成为中国完成这项具有挑战性比赛的第一人。根据“This achievement made ... the first man in China to complete this challenging race.”及备选词汇可知，“make”是动词，后接人称代词宾格，“he”的宾格是“him”。故填him。
43．句意：徐也成为第100个完成旺底环球航海赛的人，这是该赛事历史上的一个重要里程碑。根据“Xu also became the 100th person ... the Vendee Globe, an important milestone (里程碑) in the history of the event.”及备选词汇可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“person”，表示“完成……的人”。故填to finish。
44．句意：旺底环球航海赛一开始有40名参赛者，但并非所有人都能完成比赛。根据“The Vendee Globe began with 40 ... but not all could finish.”及备选词汇可知，“40”后接可数名词复数，“compete”的名词形式“competitor”的复数是“competitors”。故填competitors。
45．句意：比赛的获胜者是查理 达林，他以仅64天多一点的时间完成比赛创造了纪录。根据“who set a record by finishing in just over 64 days”可知，此处指“获胜者”，用“winner”。故填winner。
46．句意：当徐的船到达终点线时，一大群人在那里为他欢呼。根据“As Xu’s boat ... at the finish line, a large crowd was there to cheer for him.”及备选词汇可知，文章整体是一般过去时，“arrive”的过去式是“arrived”。故填arrived。
47．句意：许多粉丝举着五颜六色的标牌来表示他们的支持，而徐骄傲地站在他的船上。根据“Many fans held colorful ... to show their support while Xu stood proudly on his boat.”及备选词汇可知，“colorful”后接名词，“sign”是可数名词，此处用复数“signs”。故填signs。
48．句意：他在南大洋遭遇了强风暴，甚至在穿越尼莫点时成为了“地球上最孤独的人”。根据“He faced ... storms in the Southern Ocean and even became ‘the most isolated (孤独的) man on Earth’ when he crossed Point Nemo.”及备选词汇可知，“storms”是名词，用形容词“heavy”修饰。故填heavy。
49．句意：尽管他面临许多问题，徐克服了所有这些困难，到达了终点线。根据“Though he faced many problems, Xu ... all these difficulties and reached the finish line.”及备选词汇可知，文章是一般过去时，“overcome”的过去式是“overcame”。故填overcame。
50．句意：据赛事总监休伯特 勒莫尼耶说，这是一个历史性的时刻，也为中国在这项世界级帆船赛事中创造了一个重要标志。根据“According to Hubert Lemonnier, race director, it was a historic time and ... an important mark for China in this world-class sailing (航行) event.”及备选词汇可知，文章是一般过去时，“create”的过去式是“created”。故填created。
51．helpful 52．times 53．spent 54．endangered 55．as 56．tries 57．In 58．Their 59．beauty 60．thousand
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个以拍摄自然世界动物照片为荣的摄影师谢建国，文中介绍了他为保护野生动物所做出的努力和贡献。
51．句意：他相信他的照片有助于保护野生动物。根据“Xie Jianguo is a photographer who is proud of taking photos of animals in the natural world.”和备选词汇可知，指照片对保护野生动物有帮助，help意为“帮助”，由are推知，应填help的形容词helpful作表语。故填helpful。
52．句意：他甚至去过北极和南极三十多次！根据“He has traveled to many places around the world.”和备选词汇可知，指超过三十次。time意为“时间，次数”，由thirty推知，应填time的复数形式times，表示“次数”。故填times。
53．句意：从2012年开始，谢建国把大部分时间都花在了拍摄我国的野生动物上。根据“most of his time in taking photos of the wildlife in our country”和备选词汇可知，指花费大部分时间，spend意为“花费”，由has推知，此处为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故填spent。
54．句意：他拍摄了四川可爱的大熊猫和其他濒危动物的照片。根据“He took photos of the cute pandas in Sichuan”和备选词汇可知，指其他濒临灭绝的动物。endangered意为“濒临灭绝的”。故填endangered。
55．句意：他曾走访过祁连山、西双版纳等近百个野生动物保护区。根据“such”和备选词汇可知，such as表示“例如”。故填as。
56．句意：他总是尝试面对面地拍摄动物，以自然的方式展现动物，不打扰它们。根据“When Xie takes photos, he respects (尊重) and protects the wild animals he meets.”和备选词汇可知，指尝试面对面拍摄动物，try意为“尝试”，由always推知，此句为一般现在时，主语He时第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填tries。
57．句意：2016年，谢建国与合作伙伴启动了“自然影像中国”项目。根据“2016”可知，指在2016年。用in连接。故填In。
58．句意：他们的主要工作是记录和保护中国的自然美景并与世界分享。根据“Xie started the ‘Nature Image China’ project with his partners”和备选词汇可知，指他们的主要工作，they意为“他们”，由main work推知，应填they的形容词性物主代词their，句子首字母应大写。故填Their。
59．句意：他们的主要工作是记录和保护中国的自然美景并与世界分享。根据“the natural…of China”和备选词汇可知，指中国的自然美景，beauty意为“美景”，故填beauty。
60．句意：他们组织了一百多个摄影展览，展示了大约七千张令人惊叹的照片。根据“They have organized over one hundred photography exhibitions”和备选词汇可知，指展览展出大约七千张照片，thousand意为“千”。故填thousand。
61．shows 62．stones 63．However 64．us 65．upset 66．focus 67．to beat 68．pride 69．directly 70．power 71．hopeful
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了我们要平衡我们的能力，专注在我们的目标上。
61．句意：水的温柔并不意味着脆弱，而是它展示出的一种毅力和决心的精神。此空需填动词，根据主语it可知，动词应变为三单形式。故填shows。
62．句意：相比于那些坚硬的石头，水是温柔的。此空需填名词被hard修饰，备选词stone符合语境，且根据those可知，此空应为可数名词的复数。故填stones。
63．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，甚至是水体都可以击穿坚硬的岩石。此空需填连词，上文说水是温柔的，下文说水滴石穿，可知构成转这关系，备选词however符合语境，且放于句首，需大写。故填However。
64．句意：水提醒着我们，一旦我们选择了自己的目标，我们就应该坚持自己的计划。此空需填宾语，备选词we可变为us，符合语境。故填us。
65．句意：所以，如果你是更弱的那个，不要沮丧。此空需填形容词，备选词upset符合语境。故填upset。
66．句意：你应该专注在你正在做的事并且永不放弃。此空需填动词，根据on可知，备选词focus可与on构成短语，意为“集中注意”，符合语境。故填focus。
67．句意：如果你是更强的那个，不要太骄傲因为任何一个比你弱的人仍然有机会打败你。短语have a chance to do sth，意为“有机会做某事”；根据“don’t be too proud because anyone weaker than you still has a chance”可知，让你不要骄傲的原因是可能会被打败，备选词beat符合语境。故填to beat。
68．句意：越王勾践放弃了他的骄傲来满足吴王夫差的无理要求。此空需填名词，备选词proud可变为pride，符合语境。故填pride。
69．句意：在另一个例子中，汉朝皇帝刘邦直接避免和项目打仗。此空需填副词修饰动词，备选词direct可变为directly，符合题意。故填directly。
70．句意：取而代之的是，他随着时间的推移建立了自己的政权并且在最后一场战役中打败了项羽军队。此空需填名词，根据“build up”可知，建立可搭配备选词power，符合语境。故填power。
71．句意：这些人向我们展示了，为了成功，我们应该保持一个充满希望的态度。此空需填形容词修饰attitude。根据“succeed”可知，应该考虑积极的形容词，备选词hope可变为hopeful，符合语境。故填hopeful。
72．traffic 73．when 74．pollution 75．cities 76．totally 77．hopes 78．convenient 79．their 80．offers 81．more 82．to become
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了许多城市正在使用不同的方法来解决交通污染和改善健康。
72．句意：更多的骑自行车，更好的公共交通和汽车单双号限行——许多城市正在使用不同的方法来减少交通污染。根据“More biking, better public transport and odd-even bans on vehicles (车辆单双号限行)—many cities are using different ways to reduce…pollution.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该是指“减少交通污染”。故填traffic。
73．句意：巴黎不允许汽车在周末进入许多历史悠久的中心地区，对车辆实行单双号限行，并在出现严重污染事件时免费乘坐公共交通工具。根据空格前“Paris doesn’t allow cars in many historic central places at weekends, carries out odd-even bans on vehicles, and makes public transport free”和空格后“there are serious pollution events.”，结合备选词可知，此处考查when引导的时间状语从句，when“当……时”，连接副词。故填when。
74．句意：由于德里污染严重，印度要求该市停止所有新的大型柴油汽车和柴油出租车。根据后半句“India made the city stop all new large diesel cars (柴油汽车) and diesel taxis.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该是指“严重的污染”，pollution“污染”，不可数名词。故填pollution。
75．句意：都柏林和布鲁塞尔等其他城市也在考虑柴油禁令。根据空格后“like Dublin and Brussels, are also considering diesel bans.”可知，Dublin和Brussels都是城市名，结合备选词可知，city“城市”，可数名词，此处要填入复数形式cities。故填cities。
76．句意：芬兰首都赫尔辛基计划通过发展更好的公共交通、提高停车价格以及鼓励自行车和步行来彻底减少街道上的汽车数量。根据“Helsinki, capital of Finland, plans to…cut down the number of cars on its streets by developing better public transport, raising the parking prices and encouraging bikes and walking.”可知，句子不缺成分，结合备选词，此处填入totally“总体地，彻底地”，副词，修饰动词短语cut down，表示“彻底减少街道上的汽车数量。”故填totally。
77．句意：政府希望通过这种方式，到2050年没有人会想要汽车。根据句意和备选词可知，此处填入hope，动词，意为“希望”符合句意，又因为该句是名词单数作主语，所以hope要变成第三人称单数形式hopes。故填hopes。
78．句意：德国弗赖堡有500公里的自行车道和便宜便捷的公共交通系统。根据空格前“a cheap and”和空格后“public transport system”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入形容词convenient，意为“便捷的”符合句意，表示“便宜便捷的公共交通系统”。故填convenient。
79．句意：一个名叫沃邦的小镇不允许人们在他们的家附近停车，车主需要支付18000英镑才能在小镇附近找到一个停车位。根据空格后“homes”和句意，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”，表示“沃邦的小镇不允许人们在他们的家附近停车”。故填their。
80．句意：作为没有汽车生活的回报，政府为人们提供更便宜的住房、免费公共交通和许多自行车停车位。根据“the government…people cheaper housing, free public transport, and many bicycle spaces.”和语境可知，此处句子缺谓语，主语为government，可数名词单数形式，时态为一般现在时，结合备选词和句意，此处填入offers，意为“提供”符合句意。故填offers。
81．句意：丹麦哥本哈根更喜欢自行车而不是汽车，现在自行车比人口还多。根据空格后“bicycles than people”可知，此处考查形容词比较级，结合句意和备选词，填入many的比较级形式more，表示“现在自行车比人口还多”。故填more。
82．句意：该市的大部分地区多年来一直禁止汽车进入，该市计划到2025年实现碳中和。根据“the city plans…carbon neutral (碳平衡) by 2025.”可知，此处考查非谓语形式：plan to do sth计划要做某事，结合备选词，此处应该填入动词不定式：to become，意为“实现”，表示“该市计划到2025年实现碳中和”。故填to become。
83．giving 84．stopped 85．asked 86．balloons 87．excitedly 88．could 89．find 90．their 91．are 92．best
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一次演讲中的一个活动，让人们明白了找到幸福的最好方法就是帮助别人。
83．句意：演讲者正在做一个关于幸福的演讲。give a speech“发表演讲”，空处用现在分词giving与was一起构成过去进行时。故填giving。
84．句意：他停止了演讲，要求所有的人参加一个小组活动。根据“asked all of the people to take part in a group activity.”可知，他停止了演讲，stop“停止”，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填stopped。
85．句意：每个人都被要求用黑色马克笔在气球上写下自己的名字。根据“Each person was ... to write his or her name”及备选词可知，是指被要求写下名字，ask“要求”，空处用过去分词与was一起构成一般过去时的被动结构。故填asked。
86．句意：然后，所有的气球都被收集起来，移到另一个房间。根据“to write his or her name on the balloon with a black marker.”可知，此处是指所有的气球被收集起来，balloon“气球”，空处用名词复数形式。故填balloons。
87．句意：每个人都兴奋地跑来跑去，到处寻找自己的气球。根据“Everyone rushed around ... looking for their balloon”及备选词可知，是指兴奋地跑来跑去，空处用副词excitedly“兴奋地”，修饰动词。故填excitedly。
88．句意：找了五分钟后，没有人能找到自己的气球。根据“no one ... find their own balloon.”可知，是指没有人能找到自己的气球，can“能”，本文主体时态是一般过去时，因此用过去式could。故填could。
89．句意：看到这一幕后，演讲者让每个人收集一个气球，并试图找到上面写着名字的那个人。根据“try to ... the person whose name was written on it”可知，是指试图找到气球上面写着名字的那个人，find“找到”，try to do sth“试图做某事”。故填find。
90．句意：大家开始互相交谈，互相询问对方的名字。根据“asking each other for ... names.”及备选词可知，此处是指互相询问他们的名字，空处用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，修饰名词names。故填their。
91．句意：气球就像是我们自己生活中想要的幸福。be like“像”，主语是复数，由“want”可知，时态是一般现在时，be用are。故填are。
92．句意：但有时候找到快乐的最好方法就是帮助别人。根据“the ... way to find happiness is to help others”可知，是指最好的方法是帮助别人，the best way to“……的最好方法”，空处用good的最高级best作定语。故填best。
93．were 94．because 95．fighting 96．the 97．to 98．by 99．went 100．and 101．carefully 102．difficulties
【导语】本文讲述了一个睿智的父亲用一捆筷子教会七个儿子要团结的故事。
93．句意：但是他的儿子们总是打架。根据“...always fighting”可知，及备选词可知，此处指总是在打架，空处缺少be动词；全文的主体时态是一般过去时，又因主语“his sons ”是复数，所以were符合语境。故填were 。
94．句意：这让一 些坏人很高兴，因为他们想骗取这几个兄弟们父亲的钱。空格后的内容“they wanted to cheat (欺骗) the brothers out of their father’s money.”是空格前内容“It made some bad people happy”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because 。
95．句意：有一天，父亲决定帮助他的儿子们停止打架，于是把他们召集在一起。根据前文内容可知，他的儿子们总是打架，所以此处应该是父亲决定帮助他的儿子 们停止打架，fight“打架”；stop doing sth“停止做某事 ”，固定用法，所以空处用动词ing形式。故填fighting。
96．句意：谁能折断这捆东西，我就把我所有的钱给谁。此处指能折断这捆筷子的人，因此空格处应用定冠词 the来表特指。故填the 。
97．句意：七个儿子每个人都努力去折断那捆筷子，但是这太难了。try to do sth“努力做某事”，固定用法。故填to 。
98．句意：他解开那捆筷子，轻而易举地把它们一根一根地折断。one by one 意为 “一个接一个地”，固定搭配。故填by 。
99．句意：这位父亲继续说。根据空格后的“As it is with these chopsticks ...”可知，是父亲继续说，go on 意为“继续”，固定搭配。 由于讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，所以用go的过去式went。故填went。
100．句意：但如果你们打架，你就会像这些筷子一样，又断又弱。根据“broken”和“weak”可知，两者之间是并列关系，所以此处应用表示并列的关系连词and来连接两个形容词。故填and 。
101．句意：七个儿子认真地听着，并保证会团结一致。根据“listened...”及备选词可知，此处表示他们认真地听着。由于空格前的 listened是动词，所以应用careful 的副词形式carefully 来修饰。故填carefully 。
102．句意：他们信守诺言，共同面对生活中的困难，正如他们睿智的父亲教导他们的那样。根据“faced life’s...together”及所给词可知，此处表示困难，所以应用可数名词difficulty的复数形式difficulties。故填difficulties。
103．E 104．C 105．I 106．J 107．A 108．G 109．H 110．D 111．F 112．B
【导语】本文主要告诉我们一个哲理，快乐与金钱并没有关系，而在于你细心去捕捉，生活就像一个旋转的门，当它关闭的时候，它也会打开。如果你抓住你得到的每一个机会，你就是一个快乐而又幸运的人。
103．句意：你不需要关心那些有漂亮房子、大花园和游泳池的人，或者那些有好车和很多钱的人等等。根据句意和固定词组care about“关心，在乎”可知，选项E“care关心”符合语境。故选E。
104．句意：你不需要关心那些有漂亮房子、大花园和游泳池的人，或者那些有好车和很多钱的人等等。根据前后句关系可知，两者之间是并列关系。选项C“or或者”符合语境。故选C。
105．句意：因为那些有大房子的人可能经常感到孤独，而那些有车的人可能想在空闲时间走在乡间小路上。根据下一句“and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their...time.”推测，那些有大房子的人可能会感到孤独，选项I“lonely孤独的”符合语境。故选I。
106．句意：因为那些有大房子的人可能经常感到孤独，而那些有车的人可能想在空闲时间走在乡间小路上。根据句子成分可知，形容词修饰名词，空格处应填写形容词，选项J“free空闲的”符合语境。故选J。
107．句意：事实上，如果你用心，幸福就在你身边。根据“In fact, happiness is always around you...you put your heart into it.”可知，前后句应该是一种条件关系，选项A“if如果”符合语境。故选A。
108．句意：当你对别人做一些好事时，你也会感到快乐。根据“you will feel happy, too.”可知，当你对别人做一些好事的时候，你自己也会感到快乐，选项G“something某事”符合语境。故选G。
109．句意：它是你内心的一种感觉。根据“It is a feeling of your...”这是一种心灵的感觉。选项H“heart心灵”符合语境。故选H。
110．句意：当你很穷的时候，你也可以说你很幸福，因为你拥有了用钱买不到的东西。根据“because you have something else that can’t be bought with money”推测，当一个人很穷的时候也可以说是很幸福的，选项D“poor贫穷的”符合语境。故选D。
111．句意：当你遇到困难时，你可以大声说你很高兴，因为你有更多的机会挑战自己。根据“because you have more chances to challenge yourself.”推测，当你遇到困难时，也可以说你很高兴，选项F“difficulties 困难”符合语境。故选F。
112．句意：当它关闭时，它也是开着的。根据“When it closes, it also...”可知，旋转门关的时候也有一部分是打开的，选项B“opens打开”符合语境。故选B。
113．parents 114．lucky 115．but 116．our 117．joined 118．avoid 119．at least
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了残疾人棋手谢海涛与围棋的故事。
113．句意：虽然他的父母带着他四处就医，但他无法康复，不得不在轮椅上度过了数年。根据“took him around for medical treatment”可知，此处指父母带他去看病。故填parents。
114．句意：在一个孤独的环境中，谢海涛很幸运地遇到了围棋。根据“Xie was”可知，此处应用一形容词作表语，结合“He said Go gave him the hope for life.”可知，谢海涛遇到围棋是幸运的。故填lucky。
115．句意：我认为残疾人的道路不是很宽，但围棋是一个很好的选择。根据“I think the way of disabled people is not very wide,...Go is a good choice.”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
116．句意：它不仅仅是一场比赛，它也有我们民族的文化。根据“nation’s culture”和常识可知，围棋是我国的民族文化。故填our。
117．句意：由于他的健康状况不佳，他参加的每一场比赛都像是对身体的挑战。根据“felt like a physical challenge because of his poor health”可知，此处指“他参加的比赛”。故填joined。
118．句意：此外，为了避免在比赛期间上厕所，他在比赛前一周减少了饮食。根据“he reduced his food in the week before the race”可知，减少饮食是为了避免比赛时上厕所。故填avoid。
119．句意：每天的练习都很累，但至少谢海涛长成了一个更聪明、更强壮的少年。根据“Daily practice is tiring, but...Xie grew into a much brighter and stronger teenager.”可知，此处说的是虽然练习很累，但围棋带给谢海涛益处，介词短语at least“至少”符合句意。故填at least。
120．daily 121．project 122．After 123．do 124．listed 125．them 126．for 127．successfully 128．ball’s 129．better
【导语】本文主要讲述了茱莉亚，杰西卡和她们的朋友一起成功地完成了一个项目，发明了一款内置电池的新型足球，这款足球既能为人们提供娱乐，还能够提供照明和充电。
120．句意：发明在我们的日常生活中一直扮演着重要的角色。此处需要形容词作定语，结合备选词，day的形容词daily“日常的”符合语境，故填daily。
121．句意：哈佛大学的一位老师想让他的学生做一个项目。此处需要名词作宾语，结合“A teacher in Harvard University wanted to let his students do a...”和备选词可知，是做一个项目，project“项目”符合语境，故填project。
122．句意：听到这些后，茱莉亚和杰西卡回答说：“我们想接受这项艰巨的工作。”根据“...hearing that, Julia and Jessica answered”可知，听到这些后做了回答，备选词after符合语境，句首首字母要大写，故填After。
123．句意：他们认为为了能很好地完成任务，他们应该先做一项调查。根据“They thought they should...a research first”可知，先做一个调查，do“做”符合语境，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填do。
124．句意：所以他们在纸上列出了一些用电较少的国家，并仔细研究了它们。根据“So they...some countries with less electric energy on the paper”可知，在纸上列出一些用电较少的国家，list“列清单”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填listed。
125．句意：虽然他们有一个想法，但实现起来有点困难。根据“it was a bit hard for...to make it come true”可知，对他们来说有点难，用宾格them作宾语，故填them。
126．句意：然后他们向他们的朋友求助。根据“Then they asked their friends...help.”可知，此处是ask sb. for help短语，意为“向……求助”，故填for。
127．句意：完成这项任务花了他们很长时间，但最后他们还是成功地完成了。根据“It took them a long time to complete the task, but finally they did it...”可知，最终成功完成，用副词successfully修饰动词，故填successfully。
128．句意：当球员踢球时，内部的电池从球的运动中获取能量。根据“the battery inside caught the energy from the...movements”可知，从球的运动中获取能量，用名词所有格ball’s作定语，故填ball’s。
129．句意：一个简单的课堂项目可以让我们的生活变得更好，这真是太棒了。根据“It is fantastic that a simple class project can make our lives much...”可知，一个简单的课堂项目可以让我们的生活变得更好，much修饰比较级，good的比较级better“更好”符合语境，故填better。
130．happily 131．realizing 132．cups 133．themselves 134．leaving 135．best 136．really 137．are 138．tools 139．to enjoy
【导语】本文讲述了一群学生拜访老师，老师用咖啡和杯子给他们上了一节人生课。
130．句意：他们愉快地交谈着。空处应填副词修饰动词，结合选词可知，happily“开心地”符合语境，故填happily。
131．句意：老师问他们实现梦想的困难。根据“the difficulty they had...their dreams.”可知，是指实现梦想的困难。realize“实现”，动词，have difficulty doing sth“做某事有困难”，故填realizing。
132．句意：老师去了厨房，拿了一大壶咖啡和许多杯子，瓷的，塑料的和玻璃的。根据“china (瓷制的) ones, plastic ones and glass ones”和下文介绍可知，是指许多杯子，应用复数名词cups。故填cups。
133．句意：老师叫他们随便喝咖啡。help oneself表示“自便”，这里指代学生们自己，应用themselves，故填themselves。
134．句意：你们有没有注意到，你们都拿了漂亮的昂贵的杯子，而留下了简单的和便宜的杯子？此处是短语leave behind“留下”，leave和主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，前句已有谓语动词，此处应用现在分词，故填leaving。
135．句意：你们只想给自己最好的。根据“Can you notice that all of you took nice-looking expensive cups”和选词可知，是指最好的杯子，best“最好的”符合语境，故填best。
136．句意：你们真正想要的是咖啡，而不是杯子，但你们都去拿最好的杯子，然后开始看别人的杯子。空处应填副词修饰动词wanted，结合选词可知，really“真正”符合语境，故填really。
137．句意：现在想想看：生活是咖啡，而工作、金钱和社会地位就是杯子。根据“life is the coffee, and the jobs, money and position in society...the cups.”可知，空处应填be动词，把工作、金钱和社会地位比喻为杯子。主语是并列名词，be用are。故填are。
138．句意：它们只是握在手里的工具，并不能改变生活。空处应填复数名词，结合选词可知，tools“工具”符合语境，故填tools。
139．句意：有时候，我们只关心杯子，却无法享受咖啡。根据“Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail...the coffee.”可知，大家因为过于关注杯子却没有享受咖啡。enjoy“享受”，fail to do“未能做”。故填to enjoy。
140．it 141．what 142．to 143．cleaned 144．earliest 145．because 146．hundreds 147．popular 148．invention 149．habit
【导语】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。
140． 句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“a small thing”，需用代词it。故填it。
141． 句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is ”可知，是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。
142．句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。according to“根据”，为固定短语，故填to。
143．句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。根据“before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people...their teeth...”可知，没有牙刷，古人会用树枝清洁牙齿。clean the teeth表示“清理牙齿”；句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填cleaned。
144． 句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。根据“ About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo.”可知，大约800年前，人们用猪毛和竹子制作了一种牙刷，这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。earliest“最早的”符合语境，故填earliest。
145． 句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because表示“因为”。故填because。
146．句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，用它刷牙。根据上文“About 800 years ago”可知此处是hundreds of短语，表示“数以百计的”。故填hundreds。
147．句意：它很快在当地人中流行起来。根据“It became...among local people soon.”可知，空处需填入形容词作表语，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境。故填popular。
148．句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根据“The...of toothbrushes”可知，是指牙刷的发明。invention“发明”。故填invention。
149． 句意：今天我们有刷牙的好习惯。根据“Today we have a good...of brushing teeth.”可知，刷牙是好习惯。have a good habit of“有一个……好习惯”。故填habit。
150．cut down 151．anything 152．protecting 153．planet 154．produce 155．simply 156．recent 157．drying 158．fourth 159．natural
【导语】本文主要介绍了由于人类活动，地球变得越来越温暖，为此我们可以做一些事情来帮助地球，这里提出了两个主意：骑自行车去上学和用环保的方式洗衣服。
150．句意：我们砍伐、焚烧树木，还有汽车和工厂向空气中排放气体。根据“We...burn trees”可知，此处是砍伐、焚烧树木，结合备选词汇，cut down“砍伐”，符合语境。句子的时态为一般现在时，主语we为复数，所以此处动词用原形。故填cut down。
151．句意：对此我们能做点什么吗？根据“Can we do...about it ”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指我们能做点什么吗，something“什么事情”符合语境。因为此句是一般疑问句，所以要将something改为anything。故填anything。
152．句意：我们可能不是领导者或科学家，但我们可以在保护地球方面发挥自己的作用。根据“Ride bikes to school.”，“Wash in the green way.”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指我们可以做自己力所能及的事情来保护地球，protect“保护”符合语境。play a part in doing sth.“参与做某事”，为固定用法，所以空处用动词ing形式。故填protecting。
153．句意：如果你骑自行车，你就是在为我们的星球做一些事情。根据“We may not be leaders or scientists but we can play our part in...the planet. Here are two ideas.”及结合备选词汇可知，骑自行车就是在保护我们的星球，planet“星球”，可数名词，因为此处指我们所居住的星球，表单数。故填planet。
154．句意：公共汽车、汽车、火车和飞机会产生大量的二氧化碳。根据“Buses, cars,trains and planes...a lot of carbon dioxide.”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指这些交通工具会产生大量的二氧化碳，produce“产生”符合语境。句子的时态为一般现在时，主语“Buses, cars,trains and planes”为复数，所以填动词原形。故填produce。
155．句意：或者，你可以简单地步行去学校以节省能源。根据“Or, you can...walk to school to save energy.”可知，此处需填一个副词，来修饰动词walk，结合备选词汇，simply“简单地”符合语境。故填simply。
156．句意：剑桥大学最近的一项研究发现，一件衣服所消耗的能源的百分之六十是用在洗涤和烘干上。根据“A...study by Cambridge University found that...”及结合备选词汇可知，是最近的一项研究发现，recently“最近地”，副词，此处需填一个形容词作定语，修饰study。故填recent。
157．句意：剑桥大学最近的一项研究发现，一件衣服所消耗的能源的百分之六十是用在洗涤和烘干上。根据“60 percent of the energy used on a piece of clothing is spent in washing and...”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指衣服的洗涤和烘干，dry“弄干”符合语境，根据前面有介词in可知，此处用动词ing形式。故填drying。
158．句意：一些新机器只消耗旧机器四分之一的能源。根据“one...of the energy of old machines”及结合备选词汇可知，此处指新机器消耗旧机器四分之一的能源，基数词+序数词表示几分之几，此处用序数词，four的序数词为fourth。故填fourth。
159．句意：当它们洗干净后，用自然的方式使你的衣服变干，通过把它们挂在绳子上，而不是放在烘干机里。根据“by hanging them on a line”可知，通过自然晾晒的方式使衣服变干，结合备选词汇，nature“自然”，其形容词natural“自然的”符合语境，形容词作定语修饰way。故填natural。
160．used 161．whenever 162．opens 163．bought 164．but also 165．brothers 166．another 167．without 168．talking 169．first
【导语】本文介绍了两种礼貌用语“谢谢”和“打扰一下”的用法。
160． 句意：“谢谢”在现代社会被广泛使用。根据“You should say ‘Thank you’...others help you or say something kind to you.”及所给选词可知，“谢谢你”被广泛使用，be used“被使用”。故填used。
161．句意：每当别人帮助你或对你说一些友善的话时，你应该说“谢谢”。此处介绍通常在什么时候说“谢谢”这个词，备选词whenever“每当”符合语境。故填whenever。
162．句意：例如，当有人为你开门时……。根据“you should say ‘Thank you’ ”可知，有人为你开门时要致谢，故用动词open；根据“says”可知用一般现在时，someone后用第三人称单数形式opens。故填opens。
163．句意：……当有人说你买了一件漂亮的衬衫……。根据“a nice shirt”可知，是当你买了一件漂亮的衬衫时，buy“买”；have后接其过去分词bought构成现在完成时。故填bought。
164．句意：它不仅用于朋友之间，而且用于父母和孩子之间……。not only..
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