【期末考点培优】专题12 阅读理解-2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期末复习考点培优北师大版（含答案解析）

/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期末复习考点培优北师大版
专题12 阅读理解
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
I’m sorry, Mr. Brown. Let me tell you why that idea may fail you. I know people who graduated at 21 and didn’t get a job until they were 27. I know people who graduated late at 25 and they found work immediately. I know people who never went to university but found what they love at 18. I know people who found a job straight out of college making much money but hate what they do. I know people who took gap years and found their purposes. I know people who were so sure about what they were going to do at 16, but they changed their minds at 26. So my point is everything in life happens according to our time, our clock. You may look at some of your friends and think that they’re ahead of you. Maybe some of them you feel are behind. But everything happens at their own pace (速度). They have their own time and clock and so do you. Be patient.
It took till 32 for J. K. Rowling to be published for Harry Potter. Ortega set up Zara when he was 39. Morgan Freeman got his big break (机遇) at 52. Steve Carell only got his break after 40 years old. Virgin was started by Richard Branson at 34.
Getting your degree (学位) after 25 is still an achievement. Not being married at 30 but still happy is beautiful. Starting a family after 35 is still possible. And buying a house after 40 is still great. Don’t let anyone rush you with their time lines. As Einstein said, “Not everything that counts can be counted and not everything that’s counted truly counts.” And this is the most important thing. I want you to be able to have meaningful, purposeful and fulfilling (让人感觉有意义的) lives for yourselves, and learn how to use that to make a difference in the lives of others. That will be the true success.
1．The underlined “idea” may be the thought that ________.
A．buying a house after 40 is great B．getting a job after 35 is wonderful
C．starting a family after 30 is a shame D．getting a degree after 25 is an achievement
2．The speaker gives so many examples of famous people in order to ________.
A．tell listeners that they are too old to achieve success
B．wish listeners to admire their wealthy but busy lives
C．ask listeners to keep their own pace of life and be patient
D．show listeners that they would never know what the true success is
3．Which is TRUE according to the speech
A．Getting your degree before 25 is still an achievement.
B．Everything in life happens according to one clock.
C．Remember to look at someone and think they are behind.
D．Enjoy your meaningful life and make a difference in others’ as well.
4．The speech may make the listeners think life is full of ________.
A．danger B．hope C．fear D．surprise
Stephen Hawking, the most famous scientist of his time, died when he was 76 on March 14, 2018. He died peacefully on Wednesday at his home in Cambridge, England.
Hawking was a physicist. He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe (宇宙) and what black holes are.
He got the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS,渐冻症) in 1963. At that time, doctors said he would only live a few years. But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work. The disease finally put him in a wheelchair and took away his ability to speak. For many years, Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice.
His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and made him world-famous. Hawking was also known for his successful research on black holes. His work is known as Hawking radiation.
In his 2013 book “My Brief History”, Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness, “I felt it was very unfair—why should this happen to me ” He added, “At the time, I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.” “But now, my goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is a complete understanding of the universe—what it is and why it is there.”
Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel, especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said it would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth. “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. It is time to explore other solar systems. Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth,” he said last year.
5．Stephen Hawking was a great scientist and he ________.
A．was born in 1940 in Cambridge B．passed away peacefully in a hospital
C．was famous for his travel to the Moon D．made people understand the universe better
6．Paragraph 3 shows that ________.
A．Hawking died only a few years after he got the ALS
B．doctors played an important role in Hawking’s daily life
C．how Hawking’s disease was caused and how he was treated
D．Hawking managed to go on with scientific work with the ALS
7．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 mean
A．running out of the space B．a supporter of space travel
C．a common purpose of helping humans D．human space travel to the Moon and Mars
8．The right order of the following events should be ________.
a. Hawking got the ALS in 1963
b. Hawking passed away this March
c. Hawking wrote “My Brief History” which is about his illness
d. Hawking wrote “A Brief History of Time” and it made him world-famous
A．a-d-c-b B．a-b-c-d C．b-a-c-d D．d-a-c-b
9．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．Hawking always believed that he would be successful
B．Hawking communicated by a special tool in his own voice
C．Hawking believed spreading out could help save people on the Earth
D．Hawking didn’t become famous until “My Brief History” was published
Blood is like a river of life. It flows inside our body and keeps us alive. However, when someone loses a lot of blood in an accident, it takes time to restore (恢复) blood that was lost. But if they need new blood right away, what can save them
A blood transfusion (输血) may help to save them. In the 1600s, most people believed that blood was being used up all the time and that the body had to keep making more of it. But an English physician (医师) named William Harvey thought differently. He discovered what we know today that blood returns to its starting point to be recycled. Harvey’s discovery of the way blood circulates is important to the future development of blood transfusions.
About forty years after Harvey’s finding, the first successful blood transfusion happened between animals. But most animal-to-human transfusions would not work. Some of the early transfusions between humans were successful, but again, most were not. What was the problem It turns out that different people have different blood types. They are not always compatible. That means different blood types can’t exist (存在) together successfully.
People didn’t know the different blood types until a German scientist named Karl Landsteiner discovered them in the early 1900s. Landsteiner discovered three main blood types: A, B, and O. A fourth type, AB, was discovered later. Landsteiner’s research showed that people need to receive blood that is compatible with their own. Because of discoveries like Landsteiner’s, now blood types should be checked and matched before a transfusion.
The blood transfusion has greatly improved over the last century. Today, blood from donors (捐赠者) is carefully tested and stored so that it can be quickly given to those who need it. Thanks to the discoveries of scientists and doctors—as well as the kindness of people who donate their blood—transfusions save or improve millions of people’s lives every year.
10．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage in Paragraph 1
A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question.
C．By giving examples. D．By explaining reasons.
11．What did most people in the 1600s think about blood
A．It never ran out.
B．It moved in one direction.
C．It couldn’t be given from one person to another.
D．It’s always being used up and needed to be made more.
12．What does the underlined word “compatible” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Be able to hold. B．Be able to destroy.
C．Be able to change. D．Be able to be used together successfully.
13．What can we infer from the passage
A．It’s hard to store blood properly.
B．Losing blood will lead to death without doubt.
C．Blood transfusions have improved greatly over time.
D．The first successful blood transfusion happened between people.
Li Shizhen is a famous medical scientist. 14 The book is highly detailed and organized, and it is the product of several years’ study of many books and medical texts. It summed up the previous medical knowledge and experience, and corrected mistakes, lifting the Chinese medicine science to a new level. He added his own understanding based on his medical practice and his family’s medical knowledge. 15
Both his father and grandfather were doctors and he grew up helping his father in his practice. When he was 38, he cured the son of a Chu prince, and a few years later, he was invited to be an official. 16 Meanwhile, he found there was some incorrect information. 17 So he wanted to survey all the knowledge of his time and write the most correct natural medical text.
He collected and referred to (参考) about 800 medical books. He traveled around to get first-hand experience. He also interviewed experts in each area, found people who worked with wild plants and animals and made communications with them. 18 There were so many details listed in it.
Li also wrote about other books on medical subjects and the remaining books are highly regarded. He stood out as a hard-working scholar who tried to help people by writing the best medical books.
A．There were great efforts behind the book.
B．It is considered as the greatest scientific achievement of the Ming Dynasty.
C．He wanted to make people understand him better.
D．During this period, he read many old medical texts.
E．Besides, the naming and categorization (分类) of the herbs were in a mess.
F．After many years’ efforts, the first draft (手稿) was completed.
G．He is mainly known for spending most of his life on a very long book of natural medicine called Bencao Gangmu.
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s work, it has become much cleaner.
Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up.
To remediate (修复) the river, the government does a lot of things. They clean up the river and build levees (防洪堤). They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences (防护栏) and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting wastewater into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition.
Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again.
The Hutuo River’s story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen.
19．What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child
A．Boating. B．Swimming. C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish.
20．Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．How does the river look B．Why is the river important
C．When do people green the riverside D．What does the government do for the river
21．What do we know about today’s Hutuo River
A．Many birds live around it. B．Factories get water from it.
C．Over 20 kinds of fish live in it. D．Villagers make boats near it.
There once lived a lion, the king of the forest. He had two good friends—a jackal (豺狼) and a crow (乌鸦). They followed him and lived on the rest of his food.
One day, when a woodcutter was busy cutting a tree in the forest, he heard a noise behind him. Turning around, he saw the lion looking straight at him, ready to kill. The wood-cutter was clever. He said, “Greetings. King of this forest. Nice to meet you.”
The lion was surprised, “Are you not afraid of me ”
“I was hoping to meet you. My wife is a good cook. I want you to taste her vegetables.”
“Vegetables Don’t you know that I only eat fresh meat ”
“If you taste my wife’s cooking, you will stop eating meat,” said the woodcutter proudly.
The lion was very hungry and he accepted the food. The lion found that the food was in-deed very tasty.
“You can share my food every day. But no one should ever know about our friendship,” said the woodcutter.
The lion promised. Every day, the lion would eat lunch brought by the woodcutter and their unusual friendship grew stronger day by day.
At the same time, the crow and the jackal were anxious. “We are going to be hungry if the lion does not hunt anymore,” they thought.
The next day, they followed the lion and saw him eating the lunch the woodcutter brought for him.
“So this is why,” said the jackal to the crow. “We have to get the lion to share his food with us. We have to break his friendship with the woodcutter.”
When the lion came back to his home that evening, the crow and the jackal were waiting for him, “My lord, please let us all go hunting like we used to.”
“No! I have given up eating meat, ever since I met a friend who changed me,” said the lion.
“We would also like to meet your friend,” said the crow.
On the following day, the woodcutter was waiting for his friend the lion. Suddenly, he heard voices. The woodcutter was a very careful and clever man. He climbed a tall tree and he could see the lion coming with a crow and a jackal. “With those two around, my friendship with the lion will not last long,” he thought.
The lion came to the tree and said, “Come down. It is me, your friend.”
“That may be so,” called out the woodcutter. “But you have broken your promise. If those two can make you break a promise, then they can make you kill me too. You can forget our friendship.”
22．Where did the story happen
A．In a city. B．In a town. C．In a forest. D．In a village.
23．The jackal and the crow wanted to break the friendship between the lion and the woodcutter because ________.
A．the woodcutter cut down the trees of the forest
B．they wanted to make the lion start hunting again
C．they believed that the lion shouldn’t eat vegetables
D．they thought that animals couldn’t make friends with humans
24．Which of the following is the correct order of the story
①The lion stopped hunting.
②The lion broke his promise.
③The lion was ready to kill the woodcutter.
④The jackal and the crow shared the lion’s food.
⑤The woodcutter invited the lion to try his wife’s food.
A．④③⑤①② B．③⑤①②④ C．④③②⑤① D．③⑤②④①
25．What can we learn from the story
A．Practice makes perfect. B．A promise is a promise.
C．The early bird catches the worm. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
“China Travel” has become a buzzword (时髦词) on social media abroad as many foreign tourists share their experiences online. Their stories give foreign people a more complete and real picture of China. Some Western media used to spread some opinions against China. Now they are challenged by these fresh ideas online.
“Most of my knowledge of China is limited to what I’ve heard in the news over the last few years,” Josie, who comes from Australia, says in a vlog about her first journey in China. After visiting the eastern city of Shanghai, she says that what she saw really surprised her. “Most of the worries I had about China were simply not coming true. As I explored more of the city, soft smiles, curious kids and the general friendliness of everyone we met made me so comfortable and welcomed,” she says.
Josie’s experiences are shared by millions of foreign tourists who are amazed by China’s development in modern technology and rich culture as they follow the trend (趋势) of China travel. Many used keywords like “unexpected”, “never imagined”, or “unbelievable” on social media to describe their travels in China.
Not only major cities are popular with foreigners, many lesser-known cities and even villages catch the world’s attention as well. For example, in the first half of this year, the number of visitors visiting Zhangjiajie, a town in Hunan province, increased by 569 per cent. With its picturesque forests and mountains, foreign tourists are excited to see the wonderful natural views.
As the world tries to learn more about China, the country is ready now. “People from all over the world will truly understand the wonders of Chinese culture and the enthusiasm (热情) of the people,” says Jaeho Hwang, director of the NIGS. He hopes that, with an increasing number of foreign tourists visiting China, their stories will improve international friend-ship and understanding.
26．Which of the following words might Josie use to describe her journey in China
A．Awful. B．Tiring. C．Boring. D．Amazing.
27．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．People in China. B．Foreign tourists. C．Travel experiences. D．Some Western media.
28．Foreign tourists like to visit Zhangjiajie because ________.
A．they don’t like visiting major cities B．the natural views there are fantastic
C．they can improve the international friendship D．the friendly people make them feel welcomed
29．What is the passage mainly about
A．Popular places to visit in China. B．Ways to share traveling stories online.
C．Different opinions about Chinese people. D．A better understanding about China through traveling.
There are about 7,000 languages spoken around the world. All the languages are different from one another in sounds, vocabularies and also structures. That leads to an ancient question: Does the language we speak shape the way we think Charlemagne, Holy Roman emperor, said, “To have a second language is to have a second mind.” However, Shakespeare once had Juliet say, “What’s in a name A rose by any other name would smell just sweet.”
Recently, researches have been done to answer this question. Kuuk Thaayorre people in Australia don’t use words like “left” and “right”. Instead, everything is in directions: north, south, east and west. They would say, “Oh, there’s an ant on your southwest leg.” The way they say “hello” is “Which way are you going ” The answer would be “North-northeast in the far distance. How about you ” People speaking languages like this can always tell directions correctly.
Language makes a difference in how people think about time. In a research, people speaking different languages are asked to organize pictures of a man in time order. An English speaker may organize pictures from left to right. But speakers of Hebrew (希伯来语) may do it in the opposite direction. This has something to do with writing direction. How would the Kuuk Thaayorre people organize these pictures For them, the order of pictures changes every time they face different directions.
Languages also influence how people describe events. If a man broke a plate by accident, English speakers may say, “He broke the plate.” People speaking Spanish (西班牙语) are more likely to say, “The plate broke itself.” This difference has a consequence that makes people speaking different languages pay attention to different things. In this example, English speakers will remember who did it, but Spanish speakers are more likely to remember it was an accident. Two people see the same event but end up remembering different details about the scene.
Speakers of different languages think differently. You could ask yourself, “Why do I think the way I do ” or “How could I think differently ”
30．In Paragraph 1, Juliet’s words are mentioned to ________.
A．give a different answer B．describe the smell of a rose
C．support Charlemagne’s idea D．introduce works by Shakespeare
31．The purpose of using Kuuk Thaayorre people as an example is to prove ________.
A．Hebrew speakers write from right to left B．words like “left” and “right” are necessary
C．English speakers have a poor sense of direction D．language influences ideas of direction and time
32．The underlined word “consequence” means ________.
A．fact B．purpose C．result D．advantage
33．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 4
A．English speakers are good at remembering accidents.
B．The language of English has more details than Spanish.
C．Spanish speakers can always tell who caused accidents.
D．Details from two witnesses at one scene may be different.
34．The article is mainly about how language ________.
A．helps us find directions B．attracts human attention
C．changes in different areas D．shapes the way we think
Researchers have used very small electronic devices (电子设备) to make jellyfish (水母) stronger and faster. The scientists say they used these electronic jellyfish in the hopes of sending them to study and explore the world’s seas.
A report on the experiment was published in the magazine Science Advances. The study shows jellyfish are unusual living things. They move through seawater by reducing the size of their muscles (肌肉). For the experiment, the researchers put an electronic device, about 2 centimeters in length, inside a moon jellyfish, a common kind of jellyfish.
The researchers said the device caused jellyfish to move their bodies more often. They swam around three times faster than usual. Jellyfish are known to produce something from time to time when they are feeling stressed. No such action appeared during the study. “Care is taken to the jellyfish,” Dabiri explained. “The jellyfish swam the same when the electronic device was taken away after the experiment,” the researchers said.
“It’s very unusual and modern. It seems to happen only in the future,” said Xu, an engineer at Stanford University. “We could send these jellyfish to different areas of the sea to get signs of climate change or have a close watch on nature.” “One of the first purposes will be going deep,” added Dabiri. “Going deep is important because humans need to understand the deep seas.”
“Generally, we’d put these jellyfish at the surface, have them swim down to increasing depths, and make them back to the surface with data (数据). Before that the electronic devices help us see just how far we can get them to go down into the sea,” Xu said.
“Jellyfish have lived on Earth for over 500 million years, and over that time, their bodies have nearly remained unchanged,” said Xu. “So it’s interesting to find out what makes them so special in the sea and how we can learn from them,” Xu added. “We use animals with natural swimming abilities instead of submarines (潜水艇) which might harm the environment.”
35．What happened to a jellyfish during the experiment
A．It reduced its muscle size and swam faster.
B．It swam around four times faster than usual.
C．It felt stressed and sometimes produced things.
D．It swam more slowly with the electronic device.
36．The purpose of the experiment is to ________.
A．get natural signs and study the sea surface
B．make the jellyfish much stronger and faster
C．study the deep sea and learn more about nature
D．go deep into the sea and find other living things
37．Which of the following is the correct order of the experiment
a. Make the jellyfish come back with data. b. Put the jellyfish on the surface.
c. Make the jellyfish swim down. d. Put electronic devices on jellyfish.
A．b-d-a-c B．d-b-c-a C．b-c-d-a D．d-a-b-c
38．Scientists used jellyfish in the experiment because jellyfish ________.
A．are special and not bad for environment
B．have already lived on Earth for a long time
C．help us protect environment like submarines
D．can move faster and become larger in the sea
39．What is the passage mainly about
A．Researchers find new ways to protect nature.
B．Jellyfish become faster with electronic devices.
C．Scientists use jellyfish to explore the deep seas.
D．Jellyfish are important in protecting environment.
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you noticed how some stories and characters in the books you read can help you see things differently This is the amazing power of words. 40
How writing helps.
41 From writing messages to your friends to making plans to answering questions at school or talking with your family, words are amazing tools for communicating all kinds of things.
Writing isn’t just an activity you do at school; it’s something you can do by yourself for your own benefit (好处). Keeping a diary is a great way to get creative and talk to yourself in private pages.
42
Sarah Ratermann Beahan is a teacher helping people express their emotions (情绪) through writing. “When we have big emotions, such as sadness, anger and excitement, we feel them in our bodies. Writing about feelings, situations and experiences can help manage big emotions. Writing the story of our experience helps to work out what we are feeling. It’s called ‘naming’. 43 ”
Don’t worry about the rules.
When you’re writing for yourself, the focus (重点) is on what you think and feel, rather than getting things right or sounding clever. Beahan says, “It’s more important to let your story and feelings flow. 44 This writing is for you alone and putting it on paper is more important than how clear or correct it is.”
A．Express yourself.
B．When we name our experience, we can know what to do with it.
C．Learning to express your thoughts and feelings is a big part of life.
D．They can lead you to new ways of experiencing the world around you.
E．This is a place where you don’t have to worry about the rules of writing.
F．It is a place you can be honest without worrying what anyone else thinks.
G．Working things out on the page can also be a great way of solving problems.
There are now more than 7 billion people in the world, and the number is getting bigger. At the same time, as cities get bigger and bigger, there are fewer farms. With more people and fewer farms, how can we get enough food Is it possible to grow food in big cities Many people think so.
You can now find urban farms all over the world. Urban farms are places where people grow food together, but these “farms” are in big cities. Sometimes they are on a tall building or in a city park. The Pasona Farm in Tokyo, Japan, grows food inside an office building. They grow more than 200 kinds of vegetables, fruits and rice. Some of the plants grow on the outside of the building. It looks strange, but it’s a great idea!
A large building in The Hague, Netherlands, was full of empty offices. Now the building is the home of the Urban Farm De Schilde. This farm grows food on the top of the building, and there is a fish farm at the bottom of the building. The Urban Farm De Schilde is an amazing place. They grow 45 tons of vegetables and raise 19 tons of fish every year. They sell their fresh products and fish to supermarkets and restaurants in their city.
Many schools around the world also have their own gardens and grow their own food. In school gardens, students learn about scientific planting methods while they grow vegetables and fruits. They also learn how to work together. The school then uses the products to feed students in the school. Many students like trying the food that they grow!
Starting a farm or a garden is hard work, but it can also help many people. It can be fun, too!
45．How does the writer introduce the topic of the text
A．By telling a story. B．By raising questions.
C．By giving examples. D．By using a saying.
46．What does “urban farms” mean in the second paragraph
A．Farms in space. B．Farms in big cities.
C．Farms in mountains. D．Farms in the countryside.
47．Where is the fish farm in the Urban Farm De Schilde
A．In a city park. B．On the top of a building.
C．Outside of a building. D．At the bottom of a building.
48．What may students learn from their school gardens
① Ways to cook. ② Scientific planting methods.
③ Running a farm. ④ Working together as a team.
A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④
49．What’s the best title for the text
A．Farms around the world B．Gardens in many schools
C．Food problems in the farms D．New farms in big cities
Can you show me who your idol (偶像) is Unlike many of my classmates, my idol is not a film star, a famous writer or a sportsman. My idol is my dad.
When I was only a five-year-old boy, I was seriously ill and needed attention all the time. My mother and father both worked and my grandparents lived far away. “Maybe I can stop working to stay at home and look after our son,” Dad said to Mom, knowing how much she loved her job.
Many men in this situation would want their wives to stay with their children, but my dad always thinks about others before himself. This made me start to respect him.
My dad later took a job.
“Dad, why do you work at night ” I asked.
“I choose the job so that I will only be out of the house when you are sleeping,” he replied.
Since then, my dad has helped and supported me in everything I do. I still remember when I was learning to ride a bike. My dad ran behind me and held the back of the bicycle so that I would not fall. I felt so safe because I knew he was near. Soon, I was able to ride by myself.
My family is not rich, and we do not own a big house or an expensive car. But he has shown me that something is more important than money. My dad gives me his time. Although he now works hard every day and is often very busy, he always makes time to stay with me. He has taught me that I can achieve anything if I really work hard on it.
50．How does the writer start the text
A．By telling a joke. B．By asking a question.
C．By comparing two facts. D．By using an old saying.
51．Which paragraph shows us the reason why the writer’s father gave up the job
A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.
52．Why did the writer’s father take a night job later
A．Because he could make more money.
B．Because that was the only job he could find.
C．Because he lived far away from the work place.
D．Because he could look after his son during the day.
53．What did the writer want to show by sharing how he learned to ride a bicycle
A．His father’s support. B．His quickness to learn.
C．His father’s carefulness. D．His fearlessness to ride.
54．What can we learn from his father
A．Success and courage. B．Humor and self-confidence.
C．Selflessness and hard working. D．Health and independence.
Matthew Henson was an American explorer (探险家). He was a member of the group who are thought to have been the first people to ever reach the North Pole (北极点). At the time, lots of people only spoke about the group’s leader, Robert Peary. It wasn’t until many years later that people also celebrated Matthew’s success.
Matthew Henson was born on 8th August 1866. He started working on a ship named “Katie Hines” when he was 12 years old. Matthew travelled to many different countries on the ship and he learnt lots of new skills. Later, Matthew worked in a shop. An explorer called Robert Peary visited the shop and spoke to Matthew. He admired Matthew for what he had done and then offered him a job. Matthew and Robert explored jungles (丛林) and rainforests in Central America together. After this, Robert asked Matthew to explore the Arctic (北极地区) with him.
Matthew worked with the Inuit (因纽特人) who lived in the Arctic. They taught him how to build sleds and how to make igloos out of the snow. Matthew and Robert wanted to be the first people to reach the North Pole. They failed seven times before trying for a final time. The Arctic is not an easy place to explore and the team faced many challenges, such as the freezing cold weather and breakable ice.
On 6th April 1909, Matthew and five other people made it to what they thought was the North Pole. The five others were Robert Peary and four Inuit men. Matthew said that he was walking at the front of the team, so he thought that he was the first person to ever reach the North Pole.
55．Why did Robert Peary offer Matthew Henson a job
A．Because Matthew had experience in the Arctic.
B．Because they had been good friends for ages.
C．Because Matthew showed great skills in the shop.
D．Because Robert admired Matthew’s past achievements.
56．Where were the jungles and rainforests that Matthew and Robert explored
A．In South Africa. B．In Central America. C．In the Arctic. D．In the North Pole.
57．What did Matthew learn from the Inuit
A．Hunting in the Arctic. B．Boating in the cold sea.
C．Making sleds and igloos. D．Building ships and bridges.
58．In which order did Matthew experience the following events
① He explored jungles and rainforests with Robert.
②He worked on a ship and went to many countries.
③He met an explorer named Robert Peary in a shop.
④He thought that he was the first person to reach the North Pole.
A．④②①③ B．③②④① C．②③①④ D．①②③④
The sun is full of surprises! People have made wonderful things by using its power! Let’s discover three cool ways the sun shines in our world.
A Shopping Center “Sun” Can the sun come indoors In the UK, it can. In a shopping center in the UK, there is a big and bright orange ball. It is 15 meters wide. The ball can shine. It is as bright as 12,000 light bulbs (灯泡). Does it look like a big “sun” People took 12 weeks to make it. People love the big “sun”. They like staying close to it. The light from the sun makes them feel happy.
The Quiet SunImagine 100 rock concerts all playing at the same time. That would be super loud! In fact, that’s how loud the sun is! But don’t worry—sounds can’t travel in space. So, we can enjoy the sunshine quietly.
Mirrors That Follow the Sun Look at this amazing place. There are over 10,000 super mirrors here. When the sun is shining, they can collect sunlight. Like sunflowers, they follow the sun all the time. These super mirrors are called heliostats (定日镜). This place is a special power factory in Gansu, where solar energy is turned into electricity.
59．What is special about the shopping center in the UK
A．It’s very bright. B．It has a “sun” ball.
C．It plays rock music. D．It sells many things.
60．What can the super mirrors do
A．Stop the sounds travelling. B．Help sounds travel to space.
C．Provide sunflowers with energy. D．Collect sunshine from the sun.
61．Which can be the best title of the text
A．The “Sun” Factory B．The “Sun” Rock Concert
C．The “Sun” Around Us D．The “Sun” Makes Us Happy
When I became a junior, I decided to take Latin (拉丁文) at school. I was so excited and really expected to learn it well.
However, the Latin class turned out to be quite boring. Each day, Mr Keady, the teacher, would ask us to open our books and read aloud the Latin forms of words. This was the way he taught us every day. That was until one afternoon when, once again, we were asked to open our books, and I decided to speak up.
When Mr Keady asked what was wrong, I explained why I found his class boring, how I had expected more, and that his teaching method seemed old-fashioned. When I finished speaking, I expected Mr Keady to angrily send me to the head teacher.
To my surprise, he sat at his desk quietly, looking disappointed and tired. After a moment of silence, Mr Keady spoke. He quietly said that he would think carefully about what I had said. And that was it.
In the following weeks, the Latin class didn’t become the exciting learning environment I had hoped for, but Mr Keady did try harder to interest us in his classes.
Maybe some people would praise what I did, but even so many years later, I feel bad about it. If I saw him now, I would tell him how much I regretted what I’d done that day in class. I would also tell him that he taught me a wonderful lesson that day. Following my unkind words, Mr Keady showed me that being wounded doesn’t mean you have to give away your dignity (尊严), and that no one—no one—can take it away from you.
62．How did the Latin class turn out for the writer
A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Challenging. D．Fashionable.
63．What did Keady do after the writer talked to him
A．He got angry and told the head teacher. B．He said nothing until the class ended.
C．He looked sad and thought about it. D．He promised to improve his teaching.
64．How does the writer feel about the event now
A．Disappointed at the changes. B．Happy to get praised.
C．Wounded by the teacher. D．Regretful about what was said.
65．What lesson did the writer learn from the experience
A．One can always hold onto their dignity. B．Unkind words can sometimes work.
C．Honest communication is important. D．Don’t try to teach teachers lessons.
Millions of moviegoers worldwide have been crazy about the same thing recently—the story of a difficult boy with panda eyes and shark-like teeth. Are you one of them
In the Ne Zha films, the boy named Ne Zha is born from the demon Orb (魔丸). The villagers all fear him. They believe he can only cause trouble. But when disaster falls upon his village, Ne Zha rises up like a superhero. He refuses to accept his fate (命运) or be remembered as a demon.
And much like his character, director Jiaozi chose to be the master of his own fate. Although he always loved cartoons, he had to study medicine in college. Then at 21, he once again discovered his dream of being a cartoon maker and decided to teach himself. Many of his friends said he wouldn’t succeed and advised him to abandon the idea. But Jiaozi kept “fighting”.
For years, the most popular cartoon movies in China came from Japan or the West. Jiaozi hoped to change this. As the movie Ne Zha 2 became a top hit in the world, it’s clear that Jiaozi’s dream came true.
Perhaps you’re shy and no one ever expects you to enter a speech competition. Or maybe you’ve been told that you aren’t cut out for a certain job. Would you just accept this “fate” I hope Jiaozi and his Ne Zha movies have made you think twice.
66．What similarities do Ne Zha and Jiaozi share
A．They like troubling others. B．They try to master their own fate.
C．They never accept others’ ideas. D．They want to be superheroes.
67．What does the underlined word “abandon” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Write down. B．Carry out. C．Go over. D．Give up.
68．What can we learn from Jiaozi’s success
A．Hold on to our dreams. B．Cartoon films are money-making.
C．Medical skills can help filmmaking. D．Learn to follow others’ advice.
69．Which of the following is the best title (标题) for the text
A．Victory of Chinese Cartoon Films B．Don’t Miss the Movie Ne Zha
C．Discover Your “True Fate” D．The Demon Orb Ne Zha
With more than 30 years of tireless effort, China finally made history in an international chess competition this year.
On April 30, Ding Liren took the crown of the World Chess Championship (锦标赛). He beat the Russian player Ian Nepomniachtchi when the Russian made a serious mistake in the final match. Ding became the new world chess champion and also the first Chinese male (男子) player to win the title. His victory means that China now holds both the men’s and women’s world titles in chess. Before him, Xie Jun first won the women’s world title in 1991. From then on, Chinese chess players have made great progress on the world stage.
As the 17th winner of the championship with a history of 137 years, Ding showed a gift for chess from an early age. Born in Wenzhou, the “chess city” of China, Ding began learning to play chess when he was little. At the age of five, he won his first national title. When he was seventeen, he beat several experienced masters to win the chess championship of China.
Ding is called Silent Storm. He is a man of few words, with unusual skills of calculation. He often beats other players at lightning speed, while remaining calm. Although he has long been a big star in the chess world, he is humble (谦逊的). He learns from his mistakes and is always ready to talk about his problems. Ding hopes that after his big win, more and more young people in China will take an interest in chess.
70．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Ding Liren made a mistake in the final match. B．Xie Jun won the men’s World Chess Championship.
C．Ding Liren made history as a Chinese chess player. D．Chinese chess players made little progress after 1991.
71．In which year was the first World Chess Championship held
A．1886. B．1961. C．1993. D．2006.
72．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The stories of Ding’s life and family. B．The popularity of chess in Wenzhou.
C．The history of the chess championship. D．The development of Ding’s chess career.
73．Which words best describe Ding Liren
A．Quiet and smart. B．Proud and caring. C．Active and helpful. D．Friendly and humorous.
74．What is the best title for the passage
A．Chinese took a Greater Interest in Chess B．Ding Liren became the New King of Chess
C．Xie Jun and Ding Liren Brought honour Home D．Chinese Chess Players Have Worked Hard for Long
The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the State of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the State of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and this caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some rabbits on the horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when moving on. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with ”
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and it wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush pen worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
75．Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen
A．Because the king asked him to do so. B．Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C．Because he didn’t have silk to write on. D．Because the pen brought him much trouble.
76．When did Meng think of the good idea
A．Before hunting animals. B．When he saw the trail.
C．When he was cleaning the hair. D．After he wrote a report.
77．Which is the right order of improving the brush pen
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng threw his “invention” into a stone hole.
A．b-d-a-c B．d-b-a-c C．b-d-c-a D．c-d-b-a
78．How can the students understand Chinese culture better
A．By learning to use brush pens. B．By playing a role.
C．By planting more bamboo. D．By inventing things.
79．What’s the passage mainly about
A．The invention of the brush pen. B．The ways to use the brush pen.
C．The problems of using the brush pen. D．The ideas of the brush pen.
Geoff loves to hike and climb. In May 2024, he went to Oregon to climb to the top of Mountain Hood. He went with his best friend, Adam. They were at 9, 400 feet (英尺). It was snowy and cold. Suddenly Geoffrey fell into a hole. The hole was very deep. Adam called, “Geoff Geoffrey ” but there was no answer. He could not see Geoffrey. Adam was worried. Was Geoffrey alive
Adam quickly went down the mountain to get help. Adam saw three men below. They had a mobile phone. They called the rescue (救援) team. Then the three men went back up the mountain with Adam. They looked into the hole and called Geoffrey’s name. This time Geoffrey answered. They knew he was alive. One man named Mike went 65 feet down on a rope. He found Geoffrey at the bottom.
Geoff could not move his legs. His eye was hurt. He had many injuries (损伤). He was painful, but he was happy to see Mike. Mike put a sleeping bag around him to keep him warm. Two hours later, the Portland Mountain Rescue Team arrived. They went into the hole to bring Geoffrey in a special rescue basket. It was a very difficult rescue.
Finally, 20 hours after he fell, Geoffrey was safe in a hospital. He was there for three weeks. Geoffrey was very lucky to be alive. Adam visited him every day. Geoffrey said, “I want to come back to Oregon next May. I still want to climb Mountain Hood.” Adam said, “OK. I want to go with you, and the rescue team does, too”
80．What happened to Geoffrey when he was climbing Mountain Hood
A．He lost his bag. B．He fell into a hole. C．He lost the way. D．He had a headache.
81．How was Geoffrey when Mike found him
A．He was sad. B．He was fine. C．He was badly hurt. D．He was asleep.
82．Put the events about Geoffrey into the correct order according to the passage.
a. He had many injuries. b. He was brought up by the rescue team.
c. He still wanted to climb Mountain Hood. d. He went to climb Mountain Hood with Adam.
A．a-b-c-d B．d-c-b-a C．a-d-b-c D．d-a-b-c
83．Which of the following can best describe the rescue
A．Long and difficult. B．Easy and successful.
C．Interesting and relaxing. D．Hopeless and useless.
84．What does Adam mean at the end of the passage
A．The rescue team likes climbing mountains. B．Geoffrey should avoid climbing alone to stay safe.
C．Climbing mountains with the rescue team is fun. D．Adam wants to make friends with the rescue team.
Liu Wei is a Confucius Institute (孔子学院) kung fu teacher at the University of Sierra Leone (塞拉利昂). To help his students learn kung fu well, Liu puts lots of effort into researching and improving his teaching methods. He teaches martial arts (武术) in a creative way, making learning more enjoyable.
Liu Wei’s students were introduced to kung fu through movies and TV shows. Kung fu movies and TV shows are very popular among them. That’s where Liu Wei has got his new ideas of teaching. He uses movie clips (片段) in class to help students learn kung fu better. “Martial arts classes should not be just about martial arts skills,” Liu said. He also teaches students the Chinese language and other knowledge he considers necessary for their overall martial arts development. He encourages his students to take part in all kinds of cultural exchange (交流) activities, including martial arts performances and traditional Chinese festivals.
“I used to think kung fu was just for movies. Now I have a better understanding of its spirit,” one of Liu’s students, Georgiana, said. After meeting Liu, many students expressed a strong wish to visit China.
So far, Liu has taught nearly 1,000 students. “In the future, I want to build a ‘martial arts bridge’ between China and Sierra Leone,” he said. “I hope more and more people come to China to enjoy the beauty of rich Chinese culture.”
85．How does Liu Wei make his martial arts classes more enjoyable
A．By taking part in TV shows. B．By using movie clips in class.
C．By celebrating Chinese festivals. D．By making movies about kung fu.
86．What is Liu Wei like according to the passage
A．Shy and strict. B．Kind and humorous.
C．Honest and old-fashioned. D．Creative and hard-working.
87．What can we learn from the passage
A．Georgiana became a kung fu star after meeting Liu Wei.
B．Liu Wei puts lots of efforts into spreading Chinese culture.
C．Liu Wei seldom cares about students’ overall development.
D．Liu Wei’s students knew about kung fu after visiting China.
88．Which can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Beauty of Chinese Culture
B．Chinese Movies and Kung Fu Learning
C．A Martial Arts Teacher in Sierra Leone
D．Traditional Chinese Festivals in Sierra Leone
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，属于励志演讲。文章旨在通过举例和说理，安抚听众对人生节奏的焦虑，鼓励他们按照自己的步调生活，保持耐心，追求有意义的人生。
1．词句猜测题。题干中“idea”指的是会误导人的错误观念，结合全文主旨，演讲者反对用固化的世俗标准评判人生。A、B、D都是演讲者认可的“正确人生选择”，而选项C“30岁没成家是耻辱”是典型的世俗偏见，符合“会让人失望的错误想法”的定义。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段“But everything happens at their own pace. They have their own time and clock and so do you. Be patient.”可知，演讲者列举J. K. Rowling、Ortega等名人的例子，是因为他们的成功都不是在大众默认的“年轻时段”实现的 (如Rowling 32岁才出版《哈利 波特》、Morgan Freeman 52岁才迎来事业机遇)。这些案例的核心作用是佐证“人生有自己的节奏”的观点，从而劝导听众保持耐心、按自己的步调生活，而非A (说人老不能成功)、B (羡慕名人生活)、D (让人不懂真正成功)。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I want you to be able to have meaningful, purposeful and fulfilling lives for yourselves, and learn how to use that to make a difference in the lives of others. That will be the true success.”可知，作者强调过有意义、有目标的生活，并以此影响他人，选项D表述符合原文。故选D。
4．推理判断题。演讲稿整体基调积极，通过打破世俗时间焦虑、列举不同阶段成功的案例，传递出“不必焦虑，按自己节奏也能拥有精彩人生”的信号，会让听众感受到人生的希望，而非危险、恐惧、意外。故选B。
5．D 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了著名物理学家斯蒂芬 霍金的生平事迹，包括他的科学成就、患病经历、著作以及对人类太空旅行的看法等。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe and what black holes are.”可知，霍金因解释宇宙起源、黑洞是什么等内容而闻名，即他让人们更好地理解了宇宙。故选D。
6．主旨大意题。根据第三段“He got the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in 1963…But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work.”可知，霍金患上渐冻症后仍坚持科学研究。故选D。
7．词句猜测题。根据第六段“Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel, especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said it would help humans…”可知，it指代前文提到的“人类前往月球和火星的太空旅行”。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段“He got the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, 渐冻症) in 1963”可知，霍金1963年患上渐冻症a；根据第四段“His 1988 book ‘A Brief History of Time’ became an international bestseller and made him world-famous”可知，1988年出版《时间简史》并闻名世界d；根据第五段“In his 2013 book ‘My Brief History’, Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness”可知，2013年出版《我的简史》c；根据第一段“Stephen Hawking, the most famous scientist of his time, died when he was 76 on March 14, 2018”可知，2018年3月去世b。正确顺序为a-d-c-b。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第六段“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth”可知，霍金认为人类向外太空扩张可以帮助拯救地球上的人类。故选C。
10．B 11．D 12．D 13．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了输血技术的发展史。
10．推理判断题。第一段先阐述血液的重要性，最后以“But if they need new blood right away, what can save them ”的设问引出输血话题，因此是通过提问的方式引入主题。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据“In the 1600s, most people believed that blood was being used up all the time and that the body had to keep making more of it.”可知，17世纪的人们认为血液一直在被消耗，身体需要不断制造新的血液。故选D。
12．词句猜测题。根据“That means different blood types can’t exist together successfully.”可知，不同血型无法成功共存，即血型之间“不兼容”，因此“compatible”意为“能够一起使用、兼容”。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据“The blood transfusion has greatly improved over the last century.”可知，输血技术在过去一个世纪里有了很大进步，选项C表述可从文中推断得出。故选C。
14．G 15．B 16．D 17．E 18．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统医学之父——李时珍。
14．根据“Li Shizhen is a famous medical scientist.…The book is highly detailed and organized”可知，此处应介绍李时珍的代表著作。选项G“他主要以毕生精力撰写一本名为《本草纲目》的自然医学巨著而闻名。”符合语境。故选G。
15．根据“It summed up the previous medical knowledge…lifting the Chinese medicine science to a new level.”可知，此处应强调《本草纲目》的历史地位。选项B“它被认为是明代最伟大的科学成就。”符合语境。故选B。
16．根据“he was invited to be an official”和后文“Meanwhile, he found there was some incorrect information.”可知，此处需补充他在此期间的经历。选项D“在此期间，他阅读了许多古代医书。”符合语境。故选D。
17．根据“he found there was some incorrect information.…So he wanted to survey all the knowledge…”可知，此处应继续说明医书存在的具体问题。选项E“此外，草药的命名和分类混乱。”符合语境。故选E。
18．根据“He collected and referred to (参考) about 800 medical books. …made communications with them..”可知，此处介李时珍在编写之前做的工作，引出结果。选项F“经过多年的努力，第一本手稿完成了。”符合语境。故选F。
19．D 20．D 21．A
【导语】本文记述滹沱河从二十年前的污染干涸到如今生态恢复的转变过程，最终实现人与自然和谐共生。
19．细节理解题。根据“My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best”可知，吴文忠小时候最喜欢的活动是捕鱼。故选D。
20．主旨大意题。根据“To remediate (修复) the river, the government do a lot of things.”可知，第三段主要描述了政府为了修复滹沱河所做的一系列工作，所以，问题”政府为河流做了什么？”可以帮助读者了解第三段的主要内容。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”可知，现在有许多鸟类生活在滹沱河周围。故选A。
22．C 23．B 24．A 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，为一则寓言故事，讲述了狮子与樵夫因食物结下友谊，但狮子在豺狼和乌鸦的怂恿下违背保密诺言，导致友谊破裂。故事告诫人们应信守承诺，否则会失去信任与友谊。
22．细节理解题。根据“There once lived a lion, the king of the forest.”可知，故事发生在森林里，故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“We are going to be hungry if the lion does not hunt anymore”可知，豺狼和乌鸦想让狮子重新捕猎，故选B。
24．细节理解题。结合全文可知，故事顺序为：④豺狼和乌鸦分享狮子的食物 (They followed him and lived on the rest of his food.)→③狮子起初准备杀死樵夫(Turning around, he saw the lion looking straight at him, ready to kill.)→⑤樵夫邀请狮子品尝妻子做的食物 (I want you to taste her vegetables.)→①狮子停止捕猎(I have given up eating meat)→②狮子违背承诺带豺狼和乌鸦见樵夫 (he could see the lion coming with a crow and a jackal)，所以正确顺序为④③⑤①②，故选A。
25．主旨大意题。根据狮子违背“不让别人知道友谊”的承诺后，樵夫结束友谊可知，故事告诉我们要信守承诺，故选B。
26．D 27．D 28．B 29．D
【导语】本文说明“中国旅行”成国外社交媒体热词，外国游客分享经历让世界更真实了解中国，挑战西方负面看法，强调旅行增进国际理解。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“After visiting the eastern city of Shanghai, she says that what she saw really surprised her.”以及第三段“Many used keywords like ‘unexpected’, ‘never imagined’, or ‘unbelievable’ on social media to describe their travels in China.”可知，Josie对她在中国的旅行感到非常惊讶，她可能会用“amazing”来形容她的旅程。故选D。
27．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Some Western media used to spread some opinions against China. Now they are challenged by these fresh ideas online.”可知，一些西方媒体过去常常传播一些反对中国的观点，但现在它们在网上受到了这些新鲜观点的挑战。因此，“they”指的是“Some Western media”。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“With its picturesque forests and mountains, foreign tourists are excited to see the wonderful natural views.”可知，外国游客喜欢参观张家界是因为那里的自然风光非常美妙。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As the world tries to learn more about China, the country is ready now. ‘People from all over the world will truly understand the wonders of Chinese culture and the enthusiasm of the people,’ says Jaeho Hwang, director of the NIGS. He hopes that, with an increasing number of foreign tourists visiting China, their stories will improve international friendship and understanding.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了通过外国游客的旅行经历，世界对中国有了更好的了解，增进了国际友谊和理解。故选D。
30．A 31．D 32．C 33．D 34．D
【导语】本文通过多个研究实例探讨了语言如何影响人们的思维方式，包括方向感、时间观念和事件描述等。
30．推理判断题。在提出“语言是否塑造思维”的古老问题后，作者先引用查理曼大帝支持的观点，再引用朱丽叶的反问，是为了呈现不同的观点。故选A。
31．推理判断题。作者以Kuuk Thaayorre人为例，说明他们不用“左、右”而用绝对方向，且其时间排序随方向变化，旨在证明语言对方向和时间观念的影响。故选D。
32．词句猜测题。根据“This difference has a consequence that makes people speaking different languages pay attention to different things.”可知，这种差异导致说不同语言的人关注不同事物，因此consequence意为“结果”。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Two people see the same event but end up remembering different details about the scene.”可知，两个目击者对同一场景的记忆细节可能不同。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过多个研究实例，主要论述语言如何塑造我们的思维方式。故选D。
35．A 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科研人员通过给月亮水母植入小型电子设备，使其游动速度提升且未产生应激反应；该实验的核心目的是借助改造后的水母去探索海洋 (尤其是深海)、获取气候及自然相关数据；同时说明了选用水母的原因是其生存历史悠久、身体结构稳定且不会像潜水艇那样危害环境。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段“They move through seawater by reducing the size of their muscles.”和第三段“the device caused jellyfish to move their bodies more often. They swam around three times faster than usual.”可知，水母本就通过收缩肌肉游动，电子设备使其肌肉收缩更频繁、游动速度提升3倍。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“sending them to study and explore the world’s seas”和第四段“get signs of climate change or have a close watch on nature”、“Going deep is important because humans need to understand the deep seas.”可知，实验目的是让水母协助探索海洋 (含深海)、监测自然与气候。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据实验逻辑和第五段“we’d put these jellyfish at the surface, have them swim down to increasing depths, and make them back to the surface with data. Before that the electronic devices help us see just how far we can get them to go down into the sea,”可知，首先要给水母植入电子设备 (d)，再将其放置在海面 (b)，随后让其下潜至不同深度 (c)，最后让其携带数据返回海面 (a)。因此，正确顺序为：d-b-c-a。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Jellyfish have lived on Earth for over 500 million years, and over that time, their bodies have nearly remained unchanged,”和“We use animals with natural swimming abilities instead of submarines which might harm the environment.”可知，科学家选用水母的原因包括“身体结构特殊且亿万年未变”、“具备天然游动能力，不会像潜水艇那样危害环境”。故选A。
39．主旨大意题。文章开篇点明“用改造后的水母探索海洋”的核心目的，后续围绕实验过程、优势、原因展开，全程紧扣“借助水母探索深海及海洋”这一主线。故选C。
40．D 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了写作的神奇力量以及写作带来的诸多好处。
40．根据“Have you noticed how some stories and characters in the books you read can help you see things differently This is the amazing power of words.”可知，此处应是进一步阐述文字这种神奇力量带来的影响，选项D“它们可以引领你以新的方式体验周围的世界。”符合语境。故选D。
41．根据“From writing messages to your friends to making plans to answering questions at school or talking with your family, words are amazing tools for communicating all kinds of things.”可知，此处应是引出表达想法和感受是生活中的重要部分，进而说明写作在其中的作用，选项C“学会表达你的想法和感受是生活中的重要部分。”符合语境。故选C。
42．根据“Sarah Ratermann Beahan is a teacher helping people express their emotions (情绪) through writing.”以及后文围绕通过写作表达情绪展开可知，此处应是强调表达自己，选项A“表达你自己。”符合语境。故选A。
43．根据“Writing the story of our experience helps to work out what we are feeling. It’s called ‘naming’.”可知，此处应是说明给经历命名后的作用，选项B“当我们给我们的经历命名时，我们就能知道该如何处理它。”符合语境。故选B。
44．根据“When you’re writing for yourself, the focus (重点) is on what you think and feel, rather than getting things right or sounding clever.”以及“This writing is for you alone and putting it on paper is more important than how clear or correct it is.”可知，此处应是说为自己写作时不用在意写作规则，选项E“这是一个你不用担心写作规则的地方。”符合语境。故选E。
45．B 46．B 47．D 48．D 49．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着城市发展，耕地减少，为解决食物问题，世界各地出现的大城市中的新型农场，包括其位置、种植和养殖情况以及学校花园等，展现了新型农场在城市中的重要作用。
45．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“With more people and fewer farms, how can we get enough food Is it possible to grow food in big cities Many people think so.”可知，作者通过提出“随着人口增多、农场减少，如何获取足够食物”以及“在大城市种植食物是否可行”这些问题来引入文章主题。故选B。
46．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Urban farms are places where people grow food together, but these ‘farms’ are in big cities.”可知，“urban farms”指的是在大城市里人们一起种植食物的地方，即大城市里的农场。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This farm grows food on the top of the building, and there is a fish farm at the bottom of the building.”可知，在Urban Farm De Schilde，鱼农场在大楼的底部。故选D。
48．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In school gardens, students learn about scientific planting methods while they grow vegetables and fruits. They also learn how to work together.”可知，学生们在学校花园里可以学习科学种植方法以及学会团队合作。故选D。
49．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了大城市中出现的新型农场，包括其位置、种植和养殖情况等，所以“New farms in big cities”作为标题最合适。故选D。
50．B 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者以父亲为偶像，通过描述父亲为照顾自己放弃工作、选择夜班以便陪伴自己以及在学习骑自行车时给予支持等事例，展现了父亲无私和勤劳的品质，表达了作者对父亲的敬重与感激。
50．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Can you show me who your idol (偶像) is ”可知，作者以提问的方式开启文章。故选B。
51．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Maybe I can stop working to stay at home and look after our son,” Dad said to Mom, knowing how much she loved her job.可知，父亲考虑到母亲热爱工作，提出自己停止工作来照顾儿子，这是父亲放弃工作的原因，所以第二段展示了作者父亲放弃工作的原因。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I choose the job so that I will only be out of the house when you are sleeping,” he replied.可知，父亲选择夜班工作是为了在作者睡觉时才出门，这样白天可以照顾儿子。故选D。
53．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“My dad ran behind me and held the back of the bicycle so that I would not fall. I felt so safe because I knew he was near. Soon, I was able to ride by myself.”可知，作者描述父亲在自己学骑自行车时在后面扶着自行车，让自己感到安全并最终学会骑车，这体现了父亲的支持。故选A。
54．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Many men in this situation would want their wives to stay with their children, but my dad always thinks about others before himself.”以及最后一段“Although he now works hard every day and is often very busy, he always makes time to stay with me.”可知，父亲在面对家庭情况时先考虑他人，放弃工作照顾孩子，之后又为了陪伴孩子选择夜班工作，努力工作还抽出时间陪伴作者，体现了父亲的无私和勤劳。故选C。
55．D 56．B 57．C 58．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了美国探险家Matthew Henson的生平经历，包括他的工作经历、与Robert Peary的合作以及他们共同探索北极的历程。
55．细节理解题。根据“An explorer called Robert Peary visited the shop and spoke to Matthew. He admired Matthew for what he had done and then offered him a job.”可知，Robert Peary钦佩Matthew所做的一切，然后给了他一份工作。故选D。
56．细节理解题。根据“Matthew and Robert explored jungles (丛林) and rainforests in Central America together.”可知，Matthew和Robert一起探索了中美洲的丛林和雨林。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据“They taught him how to build sleds and how to make igloos out of the snow.”可知，他们教他如何建造雪橇和如何用雪建