仿真限时训练(5)——2025·济南市高三下学期二模·阅读理解
(限时30分钟，满分37.5分，每小题2.5分)
A
A leading art center, VISUAL, and Carlow Arts Festival are pleased to announce “Dreamtime Ireland” as the theme of Artworks, an open call exhibition, which focuses on gathering unnoticed yet vital artworks.It invites applicants to explore art as a tool for communication and a means of understanding the world, with a particular emphasis on undervalued cultural patterns, such as public art and art as social practice.
The “Dreamtime Ireland” exhibition will be held in the galleries at VISUAL, from June 5 to August 31.Artists are welcome to submit their creative works.The selected entries will be announced at the exhibition opening and each will receive a cash prize of 1,000.To ensure a smooth submission, please follow the instructions below.
FORMAT
Existing digital works in any medium.
SUBMISSION
·Complete an application form online.
·Attach a link to your work in the given area of the form.
REQUIREMENTS
·Provide a brief description for each submission.
·Ensure that your work is streamed clearly and smoothly.
·Include passwords for protected works.
·Keep all files online until April 30 for the selectors to check again.
DEADLINE
March 21
You can refer to previous award winning works and exhibition background information on our official website, which includes professional insights, artist interviews, and thematic context to inspire your submission.For technical or conceptual questions, contact us on our official website before March 10 to ensure timely assistance.Early submissions are encouraged to avoid last minute delays.
1．What is the purpose of the “Dreamtime Ireland” exhibition
A．To promote traditional art techniques.
B．To highlight the overlooked art forms.
C．To support emerging artists in Carlow.
D．To develop diverse multimedia practice.
2．How can you submit your work
A．By sending an email. B．By uploading an attachment.
C．By filling out a form. D．By delivering a printed copy.
3．What does the organizer provide for an applicant
A．A cash reward of 1,000. B．A reminder of the due date.
C．Accessibility of past works. D．Constant technical guidance.
B
Esther Kimani, a 29 year old pioneer in agritech, is changing the lives of smallholder farmers across Africa.As the founder of Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT), she has applied artificial intelligence (AI) to fight against crop pests (害虫) and diseases, significantly reducing losses for rural farmers.
Kimani's journey began in a small Kenyan village on the Aberdare Mountains.Witnessing firsthand the severe impact of pests and diseases on their crops — and consequently, their income — she understood early how agricultural losses could mean unmet basic needs like school fees and healthcare.Despite these challenges, Kimani became the first girl from her village to attend university, studying computer science.It was there that she recognized the potential of technology to solve rural farmers' struggles, and that's how FLT was born.
In Kenya alone, 7.5 million smallholder farmers lose up to 50% of their yield (产量) to pests and diseases annually — losses that could feed millions.Traditional solutions like hiring agricultural consultants or using drones (无人机) are prohibitively expensive.To solve this critical issue, she developed an AI powered camera, which is set up on farms at no upfront cost.It scans crops continuously and warns farmers through Short Message Service (SMS) for D|S3 per month when pests or diseases are detected.
A key focus for Kimani is supporting women farmers, who make up 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing nations, but who often lack access to technology.“Men in rural communities tend to have smartphones, while women rely on basic feature phones，” she notes.“Through SMS, we ensure women aren't left behind.”
Kimani's innovation has already impacted thousands of farmers, 78% of whom have reported a yield increase of over 36%.Her team aims to reach 200 thousand farms across the country within five years.For Kimani, success in 2030 means seeing 200 thousand smallholder farmers living with dignity — affording education, healthcare, and financial stability through improved yields.Kimani is not just building a company; she's reshaping the future of African agriculture.
4．Why did Kimani found FLT
A．To fund rural farmers. B．To transform farming.
C．To expand AI industry. D．To research crop types.
5．How does the AI powered camera help farmers
A．By sending them timely warnings.
B．By connecting them to consultants.
C．By controlling drones to scan crops.
D．By driving pests away automatically.
6．What is an advantage of Kimani's innovation
A．Equal access. B．Tailored service.
C．Large storage. D．Easy maintenance.
7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Financial policies affect agriculture.
B．African agriculture will take the lead.
C．Kimani will pursue further education.
D．Kimani's innovation powers a bright future.
C
Scientists have revealed much of the basics about earthquakes: tectonic plates (构造板块) move, causing strain energy (应变能) to build up, and that energy eventually releases in the form of an earthquake.However, forecasting earthquakes remains a significant challenge, which was evidenced by the 2011 great Tohoku earthquake.In addition to causing a tsunami that led to the Fukushima nuclear disaster, it resulted in more than 18,000 deaths.
In recent years, researchers have been trying to figure out a possible relation between the sun and earthquakes.Based on a previous study that connected solar activity with earthquakes, a study conducted by researchers from the University of Tsukuba (UT) cast light on this possibility, confirming that sunspot numbers had some influence on earthquakes and Earth's climate, as affected by solar heat, played a role.
“Solar heat drives atmospheric temperature changes, which in turn can affect things like rock properties and underground water movement，” said Junqueira Saldanha, leader of the research team.“Such changes can make rocks tend to break apart.For example, the changes in rainfall and snowmelt can affect the pressure on tectonic plate boundaries.While these factors may not be the main drivers of earthquakes, they could still be playing a role that can help to predict earthquakes.”
Among other findings, the researchers used mathematical and computational methods to analyze earthquake data alongside solar activity records and surface temperatures on Earth.They observed that when they included Earth surface temperatures into their model, the forecasting became more accurate, especially for shallow earthquakes.“That makes sense, since heat and water mostly affect the upper layers of the Earth's crust (地壳)，” said Saldanha.
The findings suggest the transfer of solar heat to the surface of the Earth does affect earthquakes, however minutely, and that incorporating solar activity predictions into detailed Earth temperature models may help issue earthquake forecasts.“It's an exciting direction, and we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes，” said Saldanha.
8．Why did the author mention Tohoku earthquake in paragraph 1
A．To demonstrate the movement of tectonic plates.
B．To illustrate the difficulty in earthquake forecast.
C．To reveal the heavy losses caused by earthquakes.
D．To stress the necessity of weakening strain energy.
9．What does the study by UT mainly focus on
A．The climate change caused by earthquakes.
B．The impact of solar activity on atmosphere.
C．The reasons for increased sunspot numbers.
D．The link between sunspots and earthquakes.
10．Which of the following would Saldanha agree
A．Solar heat decides earthquake frequency.
B．Tectonic plate pressure grows constantly.
C．Earthquakes occur in the crust's upper layer.
D．Solar activity data helps predict earthquakes.
11．What does the underlined word “decipher” in the last paragraph mean
A．Reveal. B．Distinguish. C．Expand. D．Assess.
D
Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match.Your mind wanders, envisioning every possible outcome.Do you picture yourself in control Or does your imagination toy with the idea of failure The answer matters because it could affect your confidence and, ultimately, how well you will perform in the upcoming match.Although people don't take such moments spent in their imagination as seriously as they should, it can be just as vital as any physical practice, directly impacting your chances of success.
This is especially the case in high pressure situations where what's happening inside your mind outweighs what's happening outside.Your imagination shapes how you interpret the world around you and is capable of causing the same physiological (生理的) and emotional responses that are caused by external, real life events.To take just one example, just as emotional pictures and sounds can cause the pupils to widen, so can emotional mental images in the mind.
Another phenomenon highlighting the significance of the imagination is called functional equivalence, which refers to the way the brain doesn't always distinguish between imagining an action and physically doing it.For instance, when athletes vividly imagine running a race or sinking a basket, their brain scans reveal that the same neural circuits (神经回路) are activated as if they were physically performing the task.Other research with athletes using functional MRI (磁共振成像) has shown that mental practice engages regions of the brain involved in controlling the body and also activates areas linked to focus, motivation and emotional regulation.
The principle of functional equivalence extends beyond sports.In one study, pianists were asked to picture moving their fingers across the keys, hearing the tune, and seeing the sheet music.Astonishingly, the same motor areas in their brains lit up as when they actually played.
Many studies like this have proved the connection between mental imagery and real world performance.Whether you're aiming to build confidence or prepare for a challenge, using your imagination with more intention could make all the difference.The key is to switch your mental channel to an image of capability, control and empowerment.
12．How does the author start the text
A．By giving a definition. B．By explaining an opinion.
C．By presenting a context. D．By sharing an experience.
13．In which aspect is mental imagery the same as actual occurrences according to the text
A．Requiring body movements. B．Initiating visual stimulations.
C．Affecting physical functions. D．Causing emotional responses.
14．In which case may functional equivalence occur
A．A learner conducts a discussion with a professor.
B．A doctor envisions the procedure of an operation.
C．A pianist videos finger movements for perfection.
D．A speaker practices a deep breath before a speech.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Positive emotion brightens your life
B．Mental imagery boosts your success
C．Imagination enhances your creativity
D．Physical practice unlocks your potential
由阅读积词汇
一、明辨熟词生义
1．entry [熟义] n．进入 [生义] n．参赛作品
2．stream [熟义] n．溪流 [生义] v．用流式传输，流播
3．critical [熟义] adj.批评的 [生义] adj.严重的；关键的
4．note [熟义] n．笔记；记录 [生义] v．指出
5．issue [熟义] n．问题 [生义] v．发布
6．toy [熟义] n．玩具 [生义] v．不太认真地考虑；把……当儿戏
7．sink [熟义] v．下沉 [生义] v．投进(篮球)
二、探规派生、合成
1．open call (合)＝open＋call adj. 公开征集的
2．unnoticed (派)＝un＋notice＋ed adj. 未被注意的
3．award winning (合)＝award＋winning adj. 获奖的
4．lifeline (合)＝life＋line n. 生命线
5．upfront (合)＝up＋front adj. 预付的
6．innovation (派)＝innovate＋ion n. 创新
7．dignity (派)＝dign＋ity n. 尊严
8．stability (派)＝stable＋ity n. 稳定性
9．sunspot (合)＝sun＋spot→n. 太阳黑子
10．atmospheric (派)＝atmosphere＋ic→adj. 大气的
11．snowmelt (合)＝snow＋melt→n. 融雪
12．mathematical (派)＝mathematics＋al→adj. 数学的
13．high pressure (合)＝high＋pressure adj. 高压的
14．real world (合)＝real＋world adj. 现实世界的
三、复现重点单词
1．visual adj. 视觉的 2.theme n． 主题
3．emphasis n. 强调 4.submit v. 提交
5．creative adj. 创造性的 6.pioneer n. 先驱者
7．consultant n. 顾问 8.shallow adj. 浅的
9．outcome n. 结果 10.confidence n. 信心
四、多积增分词块
1．cultural patterns 文化模式
2．social practice 社会实践
3．exhibition opening 展览开幕
4．witness firsthand 亲眼目睹
5．through improved yields 通过提高产量
6．cast light on 阐明
7．transfer of heat 热量传递
8．functional equivalence 功能等同
“阅读理解”仿真限时训练(5)
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了VISUAL艺术中心与卡洛艺术节联合举办的“Dreamtime Ireland”公开征集展览的相关信息，包括展览主题、时间、作品提交要求及主办方提供的支持等内容。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“focuses on gathering unnoticed yet vital artworks”和“with a particular emphasis on undervalued cultural patterns”可知，展览的目的是关注和突出被忽视的艺术形式。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据SUBMISSION部分中“Complete an application form online”和“Attach a link to your work in the given area of the form”可知，提交作品需通过填写表格完成。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据DEADLINE部分“You can refer to previous award winning works and exhibition background information on our official website”可知，主办方为申请者提供过往获奖作品的访问权限。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了29岁的农业技术先驱Esther Kimani通过创立Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT)，利用人工智能技术帮助非洲小农户对抗作物病虫害，显著减少损失并改善农民生活的故事。
4．选B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Kimani创立FLT的初衷是通过技术解决农民的困境，即改造农业。
5．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，AI摄像头通过向农民发送及时警告来帮助他们。
6．选A 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Kimani的创新确保了女性农民也能被纳入技术帮助的范围内，即体现了平等获取技术帮助的优势。
7．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kimani's innovation has already impacted ...through improved yields.”可知，Kimani的创新已经取得了显著成效，并且她的团队有着明确的目标和愿景，即改善更多农民的生活。由此可推知，Kimani的创新将推动农业走向光明的前景。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述科学家对太阳活动与地震之间关系的研究，指出太阳热量传递到地球表面会对地震产生影响，将太阳活动预测纳入地球温度模型可能有助于地震预报。
8．选B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, forecasting earthquakes remains ...2011 great Tohoku earthquake.”可知，提及该地震是为了论证前文“地震预测困难”的观点。
9．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Based on a previous study ...affected by solar heat, played a role.”可知，该研究聚焦太阳黑子与地震的关联。
10．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The findings suggest the transfer ...help issue earthquake forecasts.”可知，萨尔达尼亚认为太阳活动数据对预测地震有帮助。
11．选A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段“we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes”可知，decipher后的宾语是“地震成因的更大图景”，结合前文研究的目的是弄清楚太阳活动与地震的关系，以帮助预测地震，也就是要“揭示”地震成因等相关内容，所以 decipher应表示“揭示，解读”之意。
[D]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了心理意象(mental imagery)对现实表现的影响，介绍了“功能等同”(functional equivalence)理论，指出大脑在想象动作时与实际执行动作会激活相同的神经回路，强调有意运用想象力可提升自信和挑战准备效果。
12．选C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match.Your mind wanders, envisioning every possible outcome.”可知，作者通过设定一个具体情境(准备网球比赛时的心理活动)引入话题。
13．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Your imagination shapes ...by external, real life events.”可知，心理意象与实际事件在“引起情绪反应”方面具有一致性。
14．选B 推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，该理论适用于“想象某动作时大脑激活与实际执行相同神经回路” 的场景。B项“医生设想手术流程”符合“想象动作(envisioning the procedure)”且未实际执行的情境，符合功能等同理论。
15．选B 标题归纳题。文章开篇以准备网球比赛时的心理活动为例，引出想象力对实际表现有影响这一话题，接着阐述“功能等同”现象，即大脑对想象动作和实际动作的反应相似，最后一段“Many studies like this have proved ...could make all the difference.”表明了心理意象对成功有推动作用。B项“心理意象助推成功”符合文章主旨，适合作标题。(共42张PPT)
仿真限时训练(5)——2025·济南市高三下学期二模·阅读理解输入你的标题
1
(限时30分钟，满分37.5分，每小题2.5分)
A
A leading art center, VISUAL, and Carlow Arts Festival are pleased to announce “Dreamtime Ireland” as the theme of Artworks, an open -call exhibition, which focuses on gathering unnoticed yet vital artworks.It invites applicants to explore art as a tool for communication and a means of understanding the world, with a particular emphasis on undervalued cultural patterns, such as public art and art as social practice.
The “Dreamtime Ireland” exhibition will be held in the galleries at VISUAL, from June 5 to August 31.Artists are welcome to submit their creative works.The selected entries will be announced at the exhibition opening and each will receive a cash prize of 1,000.To ensure a smooth submission, please follow the instructions below.
FORMAT
Existing digital works in any medium.
SUBMISSION
·Complete an application form online.
·Attach a link to your work in the given area of the form.
REQUIREMENTS
·Provide a brief description for each submission.
·Ensure that your work is streamed clearly and smoothly.
·Include passwords for protected works.
·Keep all files online until April 30 for the selectors to check again.
DEADLINE
March 21
You can refer to previous award- winning works and exhibition background information on our official website, which includes professional insights, artist interviews, and thematic context to inspire your submission.For technical or conceptual questions, contact us on our official website before March 10 to ensure timely assistance.Early submissions are encouraged to avoid last minute delays.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了VISUAL艺术中心与卡洛艺术节联合举办的“Dreamtime Ireland”公开征集展览的相关信息，包括展览主题、时间、作品提交要求及主办方提供的支持等内容。
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“focuses on gathering unnoticed yet vital artworks”和“with a particular emphasis on undervalued cultural patterns”可知，展览的目的是关注和突出被忽视的艺术形式。
1．What is the purpose of the “Dreamtime Ireland” exhibition
A．To promote traditional art techniques.
B．To highlight the overlooked art forms.
C．To support emerging artists in Carlow.
D．To develop diverse multimedia practice.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据SUBMISSION部分中“Complete an application form online”和“Attach a link to your work in the given area of the form”可知，提交作品需通过填写表格完成。
2．How can you submit your work
A．By sending an email.
B．By uploading an attachment.
C．By filling out a form.
D．By delivering a printed copy.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据DEADLINE部分“You can refer to previous award winning works and exhibition background information on our official website”可知，主办方为申请者提供过往获奖作品的访问权限。
3．What does the organizer provide for an applicant
A．A cash reward of 1,000.
B．A reminder of the due date.
C．Accessibility of past works.
D．Constant technical guidance.
B
Esther Kimani, a 29- year- old pioneer in agritech, is changing the lives of smallholder farmers across Africa.As the founder of Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT), she has applied artificial intelligence (AI) to fight against crop pests (害虫) and diseases, significantly reducing losses for rural farmers.
Kimani's journey began in a small Kenyan village on the Aberdare Mountains.Witnessing firsthand the severe impact of pests and diseases on their crops — and consequently, their income — she understood early how agricultural losses could mean unmet basic needs like school fees and healthcare.Despite these challenges, Kimani became the first girl from her village to attend university, studying computer science.It was there that she recognized the potential of technology to solve rural farmers' struggles, and that's how FLT was born.
In Kenya alone, 7.5 million smallholder farmers lose up to 50% of their yield (产量) to pests and diseases annually — losses that could feed millions.Traditional solutions like hiring agricultural consultants or using drones (无人机) are prohibitively expensive.To solve this critical issue, she developed an AI -powered camera, which is set up on farms at no upfront cost.It scans crops continuously and warns farmers through Short Message Service (SMS) for $3 per month when pests or diseases are detected.
A key focus for Kimani is supporting women farmers, who make up 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing nations, but who often lack access to technology.“Men in rural communities tend to have smartphones, while women rely on basic feature phones，” she notes.“Through SMS, we ensure women aren't left behind.”
Kimani's innovation has already impacted thousands of farmers, 78% of whom have reported a yield increase of over 36%.Her team aims to reach 200 thousand farms across the country within five years.For Kimani, success in 2030 means seeing 200 thousand smallholder farmers living with dignity — affording education, healthcare, and financial stability through improved yields.Kimani is not just building a company; she's reshaping the future of African agriculture.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了29岁的农业技术先驱Esther Kimani通过创立Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT)，利用人工智能技术帮助非洲小农户对抗作物病虫害，显著减少损失并改善农民生活的故事。
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Kimani创立FLT的初衷是通过技术解决农民的困境，即改造农业。
4．Why did Kimani found FLT
A．To fund rural farmers.
B．To transform farming.
C．To expand AI industry.
D．To research crop types.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，AI摄像头通过向农民发送及时警告来帮助他们。
5．How does the AI -powered camera help farmers
A．By sending them timely warnings.
B．By connecting them to consultants.
C．By controlling drones to scan crops.
D．By driving pests away automatically.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Kimani的创新确保了女性农民也能被纳入技术帮助的范围内，即体现了平等获取技术帮助的优势。
6．What is an advantage of Kimani's innovation
A．Equal access.
B．Tailored service.
C．Large storage.
D．Easy maintenance.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kimani's innovation has already impacted ...through improved yields.”可知，Kimani的创新已经取得了显著成效，并且她的团队有着明确的目标和愿景，即改善更多农民的生活。由此可推知，Kimani的创新将推动农业走向光明的前景。
7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Financial policies affect agriculture.
B．African agriculture will take the lead.
C．Kimani will pursue further education.
D．Kimani's innovation powers a bright future.
C
Scientists have revealed much of the basics about earthquakes: tectonic plates (构造板块) move, causing strain energy (应变能) to build up, and that energy eventually releases in the form of an earthquake.However, forecasting earthquakes remains a significant challenge, which was evidenced by the 2011 great Tohoku earthquake.In addition to causing a tsunami that led to the Fukushima nuclear disaster, it resulted in more than 18,000 deaths.
In recent years, researchers have been trying to figure out a possible relation between the sun and earthquakes.Based on a previous study that connected solar activity with earthquakes, a study conducted by researchers from the University of Tsukuba (UT) cast light on this possibility, confirming that sunspot numbers had some influence on earthquakes and Earth's climate, as affected by solar heat, played a role.
“Solar heat drives atmospheric temperature changes, which in turn can affect things like rock properties and underground water movement，” said Junqueira Saldanha, leader of the research team.“Such changes can make rocks tend to break apart.For example, the changes in rainfall and snowmelt can affect the pressure on tectonic plate boundaries.While these factors may not be the main drivers of earthquakes, they could still be playing a role that can help to predict earthquakes.”
Among other findings, the researchers used mathematical and computational methods to analyze earthquake data alongside solar activity records and surface temperatures on Earth.They observed that when they included Earth surface temperatures into their model, the forecasting became more accurate, especially for shallow earthquakes.“That makes sense, since heat and water mostly affect the upper layers of the Earth's crust (地壳)，” said Saldanha.
The findings suggest the transfer of solar heat to the surface of the Earth does affect earthquakes, however minutely, and that incorporating solar activity predictions into detailed Earth temperature models may help issue earthquake forecasts.“It's an exciting direction, and we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes，” said Saldanha.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述科学家对太阳活动与地震之间关系的研究，指出太阳热量传递到地球表面会对地震产生影响，将太阳活动预测纳入地球温度模型可能有助于地震预报。
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解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, forecasting earthquakes remains ...2011 great Tohoku earthquake.”可知，提及该地震是为了论证前文“地震预测困难”的观点。
8．Why did the author mention Tohoku earthquake in paragraph 1
A．To demonstrate the movement of tectonic plates.
B．To illustrate the difficulty in earthquake forecast.
C．To reveal the heavy losses caused by earthquakes.
D．To stress the necessity of weakening strain energy.
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解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Based on a previous study ...affected by solar heat, played a role.”可知，该研究聚焦太阳黑子与地震的关联。
9．What does the study by UT mainly focus on
A．The climate change caused by earthquakes.
B．The impact of solar activity on atmosphere.
C．The reasons for increased sunspot numbers.
D．The link between sunspots and earthquakes.
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解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The findings suggest the transfer ...help issue earthquake forecasts.”可知，萨尔达尼亚认为太阳活动数据对预测地震有帮助。
10．Which of the following would Saldanha agree
A．Solar heat decides earthquake frequency.
B．Tectonic plate pressure grows constantly.
C．Earthquakes occur in the crust's upper layer.
D．Solar activity data helps predict earthquakes.
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解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段“we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes”可知，decipher后的宾语是“地震成因的更大图景”，结合前文研究的目的是弄清楚太阳活动与地震的关系，以帮助预测地震，也就是要“揭示”地震成因等相关内容，所以 decipher应表示“揭示，解读”之意。
11．What does the underlined word “decipher” in the last paragraph mean
A．Reveal. B．Distinguish.
C．Expand. D．Assess.
D
Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match.Your mind wanders, envisioning every possible outcome.Do you picture yourself in control Or does your imagination toy with the idea of failure The answer matters because it could affect your confidence and, ultimately, how well you will perform in the upcoming match.Although people don't take such moments spent in their imagination as seriously as they should, it can be just as vital as any physical practice, directly impacting your chances of success.
This is especially the case in high pressure situations where what's happening inside your mind outweighs what's happening outside.Your imagination shapes how you interpret the world around you and is capable of causing the same physiological (生理的) and emotional responses that are caused by external, real- life events.To take just one example, just as emotional pictures and sounds can cause the pupils to widen, so can emotional mental images in the mind.
Another phenomenon highlighting the significance of the imagination is called functional equivalence, which refers to the way the brain doesn't always distinguish between imagining an action and physically doing it.For instance, when athletes vividly imagine running a race or sinking a basket, their brain scans reveal that the same neural circuits (神经回路) are activated as if they were physically performing the task.Other research with athletes using functional MRI (磁共振成像) has shown that mental practice engages regions of the brain involved in controlling the body and also activates areas linked to focus, motivation and emotional regulation.
The principle of functional equivalence extends beyond sports.In one study, pianists were asked to picture moving their fingers across the keys, hearing the tune, and seeing the sheet music.Astonishingly, the same motor areas in their brains lit up as when they actually played.
Many studies like this have proved the connection between mental imagery and real world performance.Whether you're aiming to build confidence or prepare for a challenge, using your imagination with more intention could make all the difference.The key is to switch your mental channel to an image of capability, control and empowerment.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了心理意象(mental imagery)对现实表现的影响，介绍了“功能等同”(functional equivalence)理论，指出大脑在想象动作时与实际执行动作会激活相同的神经回路，强调有意运用想象力可提升自信和挑战准备效果。
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解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match.Your mind wanders, envisioning every possible outcome.”可知，作者通过设定一个具体情境(准备网球比赛时的心理活动)引入话题。
12．How does the author start the text
A．By giving a definition.
B．By explaining an opinion.
C．By presenting a context.
D．By sharing an experience.
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解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Your imagination shapes ...by external, real life events.”可知，心理意象与实际事件在“引起情绪反应”方面具有一致性。
13．In which aspect is mental imagery the same as actual occurrences according to the text
A．Requiring body movements.
B．Initiating visual stimulations.
C．Affecting physical functions.
D．Causing emotional responses.
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解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，该理论适用于“想象某动作时大脑激活与实际执行相同神经回路” 的场景。B项“医生设想手术流程”符合“想象动作(envisioning the procedure)”且未实际执行的情境，符合功能等同理论。
14．In which case may functional equivalence occur
A．A learner conducts a discussion with a professor.
B．A doctor envisions the procedure of an operation.
C．A pianist videos finger movements for perfection.
D．A speaker practices a deep breath before a speech.
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解析：标题归纳题。文章开篇以准备网球比赛时的心理活动为例，引出想象力对实际表现有影响这一话题，接着阐述“功能等同”现象，即大脑对想象动作和实际动作的反应相似，最后一段“Many studies like this have proved ...could make all the difference.”表明了心理意象对成功有推动作用。B项“心理意象助推成功”符合文章主旨，适合作标题。
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Positive emotion brightens your life
B．Mental imagery boosts your success
C．Imagination enhances your creativity
D．Physical practice unlocks your potential
由阅读积词汇
一、明辨熟词生义
1．entry [熟义] n．进入 [生义] n．参赛作品
2．stream [熟义] n．溪流 [生义] v．用流式传输，流播
3．critical [熟义] adj.批评的 [生义] adj.严重的；关键的
4．note [熟义] n．笔记；记录 [生义] v．指出
5．issue [熟义] n．问题 [生义] v．发布
6．toy [熟义] n．玩具 [生义] v．不太认真地考虑；把……当儿戏
7．sink [熟义] v．下沉 [生义] v．投进(篮球)
二、探规派生、合成
1．open call (合)＝open＋call adj. 公开征集的
2．unnoticed (派)＝un＋notice＋ed adj. 未被注意的
3．award winning (合)＝award＋winning adj. 获奖的
4．lifeline (合)＝life＋line n. 生命线
5．upfront (合)＝up＋front adj. 预付的
6．innovation (派)＝innovate＋ion n. 创新
7．dignity (派)＝dign＋ity n. 尊严
8．stability (派)＝stable＋ity n. 稳定性
9．sunspot (合)＝sun＋spot→n. 太阳黑子
10．atmospheric (派)＝atmosphere＋ic→adj. 大气的
11．snowmelt (合)＝snow＋melt→n. 融雪
12．mathematical (派)＝mathematics＋al→adj. 数学的
13．high pressure (合)＝high＋pressure adj.高压的
14．real world (合)＝real＋world adj. 现实世界的
三、复现重点单词
1．visual adj. 视觉的
2．theme n. 主题
3．emphasis n. 强调
4．submit v. 提交
5．creative adj. 创造性的
6．pioneer n. 先驱者
7．consultant n. 顾问
8．shallow adj. 浅的
9．outcome n. 结果
10．confidence n. 信心
四、多积增分词块
1．cultural patterns 文化模式
2．social practice 社会实践
3．exhibition opening 展览开幕
4．witness firsthand 亲眼目睹
5．through improved yields 通过提高产量
6．cast light on 阐明
7．transfer of heat 热量传递
8．functional equivalence 功能等同
