2026届高考英语二轮复习：阅读之利用逻辑技巧解题 课件(共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
做阅读
写作文
做阅读
学英语使我快乐
高三一轮复习备考之
运用逻辑巧解题
2 Mins Preparation
体裁
应用文
记叙文
议论文
说明文
主题
人与自然
人与社会
人与自我
考点
细节理解
推理判断
词句猜测
主旨大意
4个通用阅读技巧----逻辑关系
适用于不同体裁，不同主题，不同考点，不同题型
Learning Objectives
◇ Finish the following exercises step by step
4个通用阅读技巧
适用于不同体裁，不同主题，不同考点，不同题型
◇ Analyze and summarize the practical tips.
◇ Master and apply these tips into practice.
Practical Tip 1
转折和对比
Xiao Ming is a good boy but he is always late for school.
but后面是重点
Tip 1--Exercise 1 2022年全国新高考全国Ⅱ卷D阅读理解
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
15. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest
A. Making use of the findings.
B. Interviewing the study participants.
C. Conducting further research.
D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.
but后面是重点
C
but 同义词：
however, yet, while, whereas, nevertheless, on the contrary
instead/ rather than
Tip 1--Exercise 2 2022年全国甲卷七选五
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
instead 表隐含的转折和对比
C
inappropriate adj. 不恰当的，不合适的
get caught 陷入 make a mess 弄得一团糟
转折和对比词：
but, however, yet, while,
whereas
nevertheless
on the contrary
instead
rather than
on the other hand
skill 1 :转折和对比
Practical Tip 2
并列&递进（连词和副词）
并列：前后需一致:语法，结构和感彩
递进: 程度逐渐加深
Tip 2--Exercise 1 :（2021全国甲卷七选五）
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
and并列前后结构一致
A
①swap v./n:交换，交易
②uncontrollable adj.
Tip 2--Exercise 2：语法填空
（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
（2025全国I卷）“The players’ personalities __________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
to teach
谓语
and并列前后结构一致，时态一致
are revealed
Practical Tip 2
递进
and
as well as
also
or(选择)
even
并列
furthermore,
moreover，
what’s more,
besides
plus
注意：whether...or 无论是...，还是...引导名从或状从）
Practical Tip 3
因果关系
Tip 3 --Exercise 1:阅读理解
"I advise starting small," says Natalie Christine Dattilo,a psychologist. " It's easy to become overwhelmed if you try to tackle an entire room so you can set yourself up for success by starting with a single drawer, bookshelf, or kitchen closet." She also suggests making organization more enjoyable by listening to music or an audio-book while you're at it and" spending time in your newly organized space to let yourself enjoy it. "
What should we do to get organized
A. Start by cleaning the kitchen.
B. Thoroughly clean the entire house.
C. Begin with cleaning up a little item.
D. Listen to the music before you clean up.
so: 前因后果
C
①set oneself up “为自己做好准备、创造有利局面”
② thoroughly=entirely/completely/wholly
Tip 3 --Exercise 2:（2022新高考II七选五）
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (划掉大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
as a result: 前因后果
F
①get in the habit of 养成...的习惯
② draft n.草稿 ③set v.设置
Tip 3--Exercise 3 :2022年新高考Ⅰ卷完型
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we camped along Chalk Creek. I was worried that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小溪）. I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
and并列前后描述倾向需一致
so：前因后果
Practical Tip 3
因果关系
引出原因
引出结果
because, for, as, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, reason, why, as a result of,
on account of,
as a consequence of ...
so, thus, therefore, hence, consequently, accordingly,
as a result...
Practical Tip 4
解释关系
for example/instance
that is
that is to say
in other words
refer to...
Tip 4 --Exercise 1:
Work on your goals a little each day. Chances are great that you need to build your empire brick by brick. That takes time and regular effort. ____(在括号内填入恰当的衔接句子) That is, there is not a day that you don’t work on your big goals, at least a little bit. It can be fifteen minutes dedicated to doing one small thing that will get you closer to that big thing you want to accomplish.
A. Rome wasn’t built in a day.
B. One good way is to adopt the approach of “no zero days”.
C. Failure to do so will make your goals and dreams unrealizable
B
①chances are that...很有可能
②brick by brick逐步（step by step）
that is 后有对前句（设空句）的解释
Tip 4--Exercise 2: (2020全国1卷D)
The connection between people and plants have long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in youngstown, Ohio, for example, discover that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were showing to be fifteen percent more productive when their work places were decorated with houseplants.
What is this paragraph mainly about
A. A new study of different plants
B. A big fool in crime rates
C. Employees from virus workplaces
D. Benefits from green plants
段落主旨：分析段落结构
for example 例举前是总写
D
通过行文的方式来判断段落结构
Tip 4--Exercise 3:
The drought had been building for months after a dry winter and spring, but it was worse by a series of fierce heatwaves over the summer, says Sim on Parry at the UK Centre for Ecology &Hydrology. In France, nuclear power plants were forced to reduce their output as low river flows meant there wasn’t enough water to cool their reactors. Water levels on the Rhine river dropped so far that ships loaded with goods. In Germany and the Netherlands, including coal and petrol, were unable to travel. Besides, farmers saw crops wither(枯萎). Harvests of soya-beans and sunflower seeds were predicted to fall by between12 and 16 percent.
What is this paragraph mainly about
A．The reduction of river water. B．The duration(持续)of the drought.
C．The causes of various losses. D．The consequences of the disaster.
没有明确写出“for example”时，要通过结构判断是否有例子
D
Summary：逻辑关系巧解题
skill 1 :转折对比
skill 2 :并列递进
skill 3 :因果关系
skill 4 :解释关系
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
QQQ
Q3
Q1
全班试卷一套
Q2
turn to 1
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
（6）
Choose your favorite lucky number and finish the task in it, and maybe you will get a surprise.
Game time
watch a video
Group 1:语法填空
1. （2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women __________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
2. （2023年全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I __________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
to rent
was amazed
Group 2:阅读理解
Plants need sunlight for photosynthesis(光合作用)，the process of absorbing energy from light to create their own food from carbon dioxide and water. That's why plants grow and thrive in the warmer months when there is more daylight and are dormant in the colder months.
What does the underlined word " dormant" in this paragraph most probably mean
Fresh. B. Resting. C. Healthy. D. Normal.
2019 全国卷II
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
10. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Encourage teamwork.
B. Appeal to feelings.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
B
B
Group 3:七选五
（2021 全国卷II）Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. (20) __________ Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder.
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
E
Group 3:七选五
（2020北京卷）Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.People who think positively demonstrate increased life span (寿命), lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one’s ability to deal with problems and hardships. (48) __________ For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer (缓冲作用) against depression and anxiety. Resilient (适应性强的) people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.
A. It doesn’t cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
E. As thinking changes, an individual’s behaviour and habits change as well.
F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.
C
想，
都
是
问
题
做，
才
是
答
案
Homework
Apply the 4 tips into practice while doing exercise in the materials, analyze one passage and share your ideas with the whole class next time.