(共26张PPT)
名词
【目标展示】
考点一、名词单变复规则
考点二、可数与不可数名词
考点三、名词所有格
考点四、转换
考点五、修饰判断
考点六:成分判断
考点七:主谓一致判断
考点八: 平行结构判断
二、【体系整合】
第一部分:名词结构
第一节: 数
1.可数的单数与复数的互变:
特殊复数:criterion-criteria
bacterium-bacteria medium-media
phenomenon-phenomena
ox-oxen goose-geese tooth-teeth
单复同形:
sheep fish species
means-means crossroads-crossroads
2.不可数名词
①work, time, fish, fruit, room;(两面)
②fun, advice, information, news, progress, knowledge, furniture, equipment, evidence, luggage, rubbish, weather, homework, housework
③ nature\space(无定冠词the)
注:a\an +不能接不可数名词;
不可数名词不可以变复数
第二节: 名词所有格(略)
第三节: 转换:动形名转换为名词
(历年高考100个核心名词转换 注:标红单词为词缀异构单词,共40个,为核心名词中的重点)
转换1-ment
1. employ v. 雇用→employment n.
2. entertain vt. 使愉快→entertainment n.
3. develop v. 发展,培养→development n.
4. punish v. 惩罚→punishment n.
5. adjust vt. 调整→adjustment n.
6. appoint v. 任命,委派;约定→appointment n.
7. arrange v. 安排→arrangement n.
8. judge v. 判断 n. 裁判;法官→judgement n.
9. argue vi. 争论→argument n. 争论
转换2-ion
1. instruct vt. 指示→instruction n.
2. attract vt. 吸引→attraction n.
3. construct vt. 建造,建设→construction n.
4. protect vt. 保护→protection n.
5. invent vt. 发明→invention n.
6. addict n. (对药物等)上瘾的人→addiction n.
7. affect vt. 影响→effect n. 影响→affection n. 慈爱;情感
转换3-tion
1. intend v. 打算→intention n. 打算,意图
2. attend v. 参加;照顾;注意→attention n.
3. recognise vt.认出;承认→recognition n.
4. oppose vt. 反对→opposition n.
5. compete vi. 竞争→competition n. 比赛→competitor n. 竞争者
6. describe vt. 描述→description n.
7. solve vt. 解决→solution n.
8. produce vt. 创作;生产→production n. 产量→product n.产品
9. introduce vt. 介绍;引进→introduction n.
10. destroy vt. 破坏,毁坏→destruction n.
转换4-ation
1. inform vt. 告知→information n. 信息
2. consider vt. 考虑→consideration n.
3. expect vt. 期待;预期→expectation n.
4. explain vt. 解释→explanation n.
5. invite vt. 邀请→invitation n.
6. examine vt. 检查→examination n.
7. apply v. 申请;应用→application n.
转换5-ce
1. convenient adj. 方便的→convenience n. →inconvenience n. 不便;麻烦
2. confident adj. 自信的→confidence n.
3. absent adj. 缺席的→absence n.
4. present adj. 出席的,在场的→presence n.
5. distant adj. 遥远的→distance n.
6. important adj. 重要的→importance n.
7. significant adj. 重要的→siginificance n.
转换6-ence\ance
1. exist vi. 存在→existence n.
2. refer vt. 谈到;查阅→reference n.
3. prefer vt. 更喜欢→preference n.
4. perform v. 表演;表现→performance n. →performer n. 表演者
5. assist vt.帮助→assistance n. →assistant n.助手,助理
6. appear v. 出现→appearance n. 外貌;出现
7. guide v. 指导,引导→guidance n.
8. ignore v. 忽视;不理→ignorance n. 无知
9. enter v. 进入→entrance n. 入口
转换7-ity\-sity\-ety
1. active adj. 积极的,活跃的→activity n.
2. possible adj. 可能的→possibility n.
3. able adj. 有能力的→ability n. →disability n.
4. responsible adj.尽责的→responsibility n.
5. generous adj. 慷慨的→generosity n.
6. curious adj. 好奇的→curiosity n.
7. anxious adj. 焦虑的→anxiety n.
8. vary vi. 变化→variety n.
9. poor adj. 贫穷的poverty n.
转换8-ness
1. weak adj. 虚弱的;软弱的→weakness n.弱点
2. conscious adj. 意识到的;自觉的→consciousness n. 意识;知觉
3. aware adj. 意识到的,知道的→awareness n.
转换9-ing
1. warn vt. 警告→warning n. 警告
2. suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)→suffering n. 痛苦;苦恼
3. spell vt. 拼写→spelling n. 拼写
4. mean vt. 意思是;意味着→meaning n. 意义
转换10-th
1. warm adj. 温暖的→warmth n. 温暖;热情
2. grow v. 生长,成长→growth n. 生长;增长
3. true adj. 真的,真实的→truth n. 真相
4. long adj. 长的→length n.
5. strong adj. 坚强的;强壮的→strength n.
6. deep adj. 深的→depth n. 深度;深处
转换11-ure
1. fail v. 失败→failure失败
2. press v. 按下,压下→pressure n. 压力
3. mix vt. & vi. (使)混合→mixture n. 混合物
转换12-15 -y\-f\dom\-th
1.recover v.恢复→ recovery
2.discover v.发现→ discovery
3. injure vt. 伤害→injury n. 伤害;受伤处
4. brave adj. 勇敢的→bravery n. 勇敢
5. apologize vi. 道歉→apology n. 道歉
1.believe v.相信→ belief n
2. relieve v. 解除,缓和→relief n. 解除,减轻
1. free adj. 自由的;空闲的;免费的→freedom n.
2. wise adj. 聪明的,明智的 → wisdom n.
1. breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸
2. bathe v. 沐浴,洗澡→bath n. 沐浴,洗澡;浴缸
转换16-19 -er\-or\-ess\-ist
1. design n. & v. 设计→designer n.
2. village n. 村庄→villager
3. engine n. 发动机→engineer n.
4. prison n. 监狱→prisoner n. 囚犯
5. host n. (男)主人→hostess n. (女)
6. actor n.(男)演员→actress n.(女)
7. waiter n.(男)服务员→waitress n.(女)
8. novel n. 小说→novelist n. 小说家
9. piano n. 钢琴→pianist n. 钢琴家
10. poem n. 诗歌→poet n. 诗人
转换20
1. choose v. 选择→choice n. 选择
2. contain vt. 包含→content n. 内容
3. laugh vi. 笑→laughter n. 笑,笑声
4. proud adj.骄傲的→pride n. 骄傲
5. think v.想;认为→thought n.想法
6. weigh v. 称重;重量是→weight n.重量
第二部分:名词判断
第一节: 修饰判断
1. 限定词修饰:单数名词在句中一定要有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格)
1. a\an+名单(数)
2. the+名词(转换)
3. a\an\the+名词+of(转换)
4. a\an\the+形容词+ 名词(转换)
5. these\those+名复(数)
6. another+名单;other+名复 (数)
7. a person’s experience\personal experience(格:注意区别于形容词)
第二部分:名词判断
第一节: 修饰判断
1. 限定词修饰:
1.To express my 73 (grateful), I gifted Su a lot of pork.
2.Wuzhen offers a wide variety of traditional Chinese dishes allowing tourists to sink their 51 (tooth) into the mouth-watering experiences.
3. His another 63 (improve) is that techniques and equipment have been simplified, making it easier for people to try.
4.The 27 (severe) of effects cause by climate change will depend on the path of future human activities.
第一节: 修饰判断
2.其它短语修饰
a sense of ;a bunch of;a type of; a series of;a piece of ;a matter of;a state of
the end of;the beginning of;the rest of;the bottom of;the rate of
第一节: 修饰判断
2.其它短语修饰:
1.He feels a sense of 30 (relieve) when he can escape from this world into that of Chinese poetry.
2.And the rate of 50 (warm) has sped up significantly since the 1980s.
第二节: 成分判断
1.名词做主语(转换或数)
2.名词做动宾(转换)
3.名词做介宾(转换)
第二节: 成分判断
1.名词做主语(转换或数)
In recent years, 71 (global) has become more and more complicated.
第二节: 成分判断
2.名词做动宾(转换)
1.But they rarely demand 26 (recognize) for all that they do.
2.With its delicate design, vivid appearance and bright color, it has won 29 (popular) among visitors in Wuxi.
第二节: 成分判断
3.名词做介宾(转换)
to one’s(surprise;delight;disappointment;relief;horror;amazement;satisfaction;advantage;credit)
be of(importance;value;interest;concern;significance)
After ______(graduate), he was hired by a famous company.
第三节: 主谓一致判断(数)
The 85 (song) were written in seven-character or ten-character lines.
第四节: 平行结构判断(转换)
1.He also praised the film’s special effects, saying that the detail and_____(complex) of the animation provided an excellent viewing experience.
2.Ba Nong, a 44-year-old farmer and _______(music) from rural Guangxi, hopes his music inspires people to break from mainstream expectations.