(共23张PPT)
Unit 1 Time to Relax
八年级
人教2024版
下
语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
(一)动词不定式作宾语
1.动词不定式的形式：动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，由"to+动词原形"构成，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号。动词不定式有两种形式：一是带to的动词不定式，即"to+动词原形"；二是省略to的不定式，即"动词原形"。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为"not+to+动词原形"或"not+动词原形".
Eg: Tom wants to play tennis after school.
Mr.Wang's joke made us laugh.
They decided not to go swimming in the river.
2.动词不定式(短语)在句子中可作主语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
3.接动词不定式做宾语的动词有：ask, decide, hope, want, agree, choose, wish , manage , pretend, expect , demand, plan, prepare, promise, offer, afford,arrange,learn,refuse等。
常跟动词不定式作宾语动词歌谣：
三个希望两答应；(hope/wish/ want,agree/ promise)
两个要求莫拒绝；(demand/ask;refuse)
设法学会做决定；(manage;learn;decide)
不要假装在选择。(pretend;choose)
Eg: He offered to drive me to the airport.
她主动提出开车送我去机场。
They agreed to help us with the project.
他们同意在项目上帮助我们。
4.常接动词ing形容作宾语的动词有：avoid, consider, delay, discuss, enjoy, finish, imagine , keep , mention , mind , practise, quit, suggest等。
Eg: Try to avoid eating too much junk food.
尽量避免吃太多垃圾食品。
Do you mind opening the window
你介意把窗户打开吗
5.即可接动词不定式，又可接动词ing形式作宾语但意义有差别的动词：remember, forget, regret, try, stop, love, like, begin, start等。
remember to do sth.(记得要去做某事) remember doing sth.(记得做过某事)
forget to do sth.(忘记要做某事) forget doing sth.(忘记做过某事)
stop to do sth.(停下来做另一件事)stop doing sth.(停止正在做的事)
try to do sth.(尽力去做某事) try doing sth.(试着做某事)
love to do sth.(强调具体的某一次喜欢做某事) love doing sth.(强调习惯性的，长期喜欢)
Eg:Remember to call me when you arrive!
你到了之后记得给我打电话!
I remember doing the exercise.
我记得做过这个练习。
Try not to get your shoes wet.
尽量别弄湿鞋子。
I try doing this experiment.
我试着做这个实验。
I love to read this book.
我喜欢读这本书。
I love reading.
我爱阅读。
(二)动词不定式作宾语补足语
宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的，表示宾语的状态，特征，身份等。动词不定式可用于动词后作宾语补足语，构成"动词+宾语+宾语补足语"结构。
1.带to的不定式(to do)作宾语补足语：
主要包含使令类(ask,tell,order等)，意愿类(want,wish,expect等)，情感类(like, hate等)及建议类(advise,encourage等)。
结构为：主语+动词+宾语+to do...
Eg: She expect us to arrive before 6 pm.
他们希望我们在下午6点之前到达。
She advised me toapply for thescholarship.
她建议我申请奖学金。
注意：否定时在to前加not.
Eg: He told me not to touch the wire.
他告诉我不要碰电线。
动词不定式作宾语补足语口诀：
要叫请求教，宾补to别跑。
使役感官两剑客，宾语无to要记得。
help两边倒，带to不带都可靠。
2.不带to的不定式(do)作宾语补足语：
主要包括使役动词(let,make,have)及感官动词(see,hear,watch,feel等)后，不定式需省略to。
结构为：主语+动词+宾语+do...
Eg: The teacher let students leave early.
老师让学生们早点走。
I saw him take the money.
我看见他拿了钱。
注意：否定词直接加在动词前面。
Eg: Let the children not play with fire.
让孩子们不要玩火。
3.help的两种形式：可带to或不带to。
Eg: She helped me (to) carry the box.
她帮我搬箱子。
(三)动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作为目的状语，用于说明某一动作或状态的目的，原因或意图。
(一)基本结构：主语+谓语+不定式(to do)+其他
否定形式：主语+谓语+not+todo+其他
Eg: I went to the store to buy some milk.
我去商店是为了买一些牛奶。
She stayed home not to miss the party.
她待在家里以免错过晚会。
注意：通常位于句尾，但也可置于句首(强调目的)，用逗号隔开。
Eg: I bought a map to find the museum.
我买了地图以找到博物馆。
To save money, she cooks at home.
为了省钱，她在家做饭。
(二)使用in order to和so as to来引导
1.否定形式：in order not to或 so as not to
Eg: Talk softly in the reading room in order not to disturb others.
在阅览室里轻声说话，以免打扰别人。
He lowered his voice so as not to wake the baby.
他压低声音以免吵醒婴儿。
2.由in order to引导的目的状语，既可置于句尾，也可置于句首；而so as to引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。
Eg: He studied all night in order to pass the exam.
为了通过考试，他通宵学习。
In order to get there in time, they started early.
为了及时到达那里，他们很早就出发了。
They started early so as to get there in time.
他们早早动身以便及时到达那里。
二、写作解析
本单元写作主题为介绍"介绍自己的爱好"
常用句型
My favourite free- time activity is...
我最喜欢的空闲时间活动是...
2.I started this activity when I was ...
当我...时我开始这项活动
3.I lit to do it because...
我喜欢它因为...
4.It lets me...
它让我...
5.I find it fun to ...
我发现做...很有趣
6.It makes me really happy when...
当...时它让我真的感到快乐
7.I enjoy ... when I...
当我...时我喜欢...
（二）写作思路
1. What's your hobby 你的爱好是什么
2.What do you share it with 你和谁分享它
3.How did you become friends 你们怎么成为朋友。
4. What did you learn fromthe experience 你从这个经历里学到什么
(三)范文
Hello, my name is Emma. My hobby is reading books. I think a book can teach me lots of things. They can expand our horizons and improve our knowledge. I wanted to make more friends and shared my books I have read. So I wanted to start a reading club.
After starting the club, there were lots of friends coming my club. And then We shared our books, communicated the feeling of these books. Day by day, we became good friends.
We think reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. It can nourish the thoughts and strengthen the spirit. Reading also has the power to open up whole new worlds to us.
I hope more and more classmates can join us.
Thanks!
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Unit 1 Time to Relax 语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
(一)动词不定式作宾语
1.动词不定式的形式：动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，由"to+动词原形"构成，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号。动词不定式有两种形式：一是带to的动词不定式，即"to+动词原形"；二是省略to的不定式，即"动词原形"。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为"not+to+动词原形"或"not+动词原形".
Eg: Tom wants to play tennis after school.
Mr.Wang's joke made us laugh.
They decided not to go swimming in the river.
2.动词不定式(短语)在句子中可作主语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
3.接动词不定式做宾语的动词有：ask, decide, hope, want, agree, choose, wish , manage , pretend, expect , demand, plan, prepare, promise, offer, afford,arrange,learn,refuse等。
常跟动词不定式作宾语动词歌谣： 三个希望两答应；(hope/wish/ want,agree/ promise) 两个要求莫拒绝；(demand/ask;refuse) 设法学会做决定；(manage;learn;decide) 不要假装在选择。(pretend;choose)
Eg: He offered to drive me to the airport.
她主动提出开车送我去机场。
They agreed to help us with the project.
他们同意在项目上帮助我们。
4.常接动词ing形容作宾语的动词有：avoid, consider, delay, discuss, enjoy, finish, imagine , keep , mention , mind , practise, quit, suggest等。
Eg: Try to avoid eating too much junk food.
尽量避免吃太多垃圾食品。
Do you mind opening the window
你介意把窗户打开吗
5.即可接动词不定式，又可接动词ing形式作宾语但意义有差别的动词：remember, forget, regret, try, stop, love, like, begin, start等。
remember to do sth.(记得要去做某事) remember doing sth.(记得做过某事)
forget to do sth.(忘记要做某事) forget doing sth.(忘记做过某事)
stop to do sth.(停下来做另一件事) stop doing sth.(停止正在做的事)
try to do sth.(尽力去做某事) try doing sth.(试着做某事)
love to do sth.(强调具体的某一次喜欢做某事) love doing sth.(强调习惯性的，长期喜欢)
Eg:Remember to call me when you arrive!
你到了之后记得给我打电话!
I remember doing the exercise.
我记得做过这个练习。
Try not to get your shoes wet.
尽量别弄湿鞋子。
I try doing this experiment.
我试着做这个实验。
I love to read this book.
我喜欢读这本书。
I love reading.
我爱阅读。
(二)动词不定式作宾语补足语
宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的，表示宾语的状态，特征，身份等。动词不定式可用于动词后作宾语补足语，构成"动词+宾语+宾语补足语"结构。
1.带to的不定式(to do)作宾语补足语：
主要包含使令类(ask,tell,order等)，意愿类(want,wish,expect等)，情感类(like, hate等)及建议类(advise,encourage等)。
结构为：主语+动词+宾语+to do...
Eg: She expect us to arrive before 6 pm.
他们希望我们在下午6点之前到达。
She advised me to apply for the scholarship.
她建议我申请奖学金。
注意：否定时在to前加not.
Eg: He told me not to touch the wire.
他告诉我不要碰电线。
动词不定式作宾语补足语口诀： 要叫请求教，宾补to别跑。 使役感官两剑客，宾语无to要记得。 help两边倒，带to不带都可靠。
2.不带to的不定式(do)作宾语补足语：
主要包括使役动词(let,make,have)及感官动词(see,hear,watch,feel等)后，不定式需省略to。
结构为：主语+动词+宾语+do...
Eg: The teacher let students leave early.
老师让学生们早点走。
I saw him take the money.
我看见他拿了钱。
注意：否定词直接加在动词前面。
Eg: Let the children not play with fire.
让孩子们不要玩火。
3.help的两种形式：可带to或不带to。
Eg: She helped me (to) carry the box.
她帮我搬箱子。
(三)动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作为目的状语，用于说明某一动作或状态的目的，原因或意图。
(一)基本结构：主语+谓语+不定式(to do)+其他
否定形式：主语+谓语+not+todo+其他
Eg: I went to the store to buy some milk.
我去商店是为了买一些牛奶。
She stayed home not to miss the party.
她待在家里以免错过晚会。
注意：通常位于句尾，但也可置于句首(强调目的)，用逗号隔开。
Eg: I bought a map to find the museum.
我买了地图以找到博物馆。
To save money, she cooks at home.
为了省钱，她在家做饭。
(二)使用in order to和so as to来引导
1.否定形式：in order not to或 so as not to
Eg: Talk softly in the reading room in order not to disturb others.
在阅览室里轻声说话，以免打扰别人。
He lowered his voice so as not to wake the baby.
他压低声音以免吵醒婴儿。
2.由in order to引导的目的状语，既可置于句尾，也可置于句首；而so as to引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。
Eg: He studied all night in order to pass the exam.
为了通过考试，他通宵学习。
In order to get there in time, they started early.
为了及时到达那里，他们很早就出发了。
They started early so as to get there in time.
他们早早动身以便及时到达那里。
二、写作解析
本单元写作主题为介绍"介绍自己的爱好"
常用句型
My favourite free- time activity is...
我最喜欢的空闲时间活动是...
I started this activity when I was ...
当我...时我开始这项活动
I lit to do it because...
我喜欢它因为...
It lets me...
它让我...
I find it fun to ...
我发现做...很有趣
It makes me really happy when...
当...时它让我真的感到快乐
I enjoy ... when I...
当我...时我喜欢...
写作思路
1. What's your hobby 你的爱好是什么
2.What do you share it with 你和谁分享它
3.How did you become friends 你们怎么成为朋友。
4. What did you learn from the experience 你从这个经历里学到什么
(三)范文
Hello, my name is Emma. My hobby is reading books. I think a book can teach me lots of things. They can expand our horizons and improve our knowledge. I wanted to make more friends and shared my books I have read. So I wanted to start a reading club.
After starting the club, there were lots of friends coming my club. And then We shared our books, communicated the feeling of these books. Day by day, we became good friends.
We think reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. It can nourish the thoughts and strengthen the spirit. Reading also has the power to open up whole new worlds to us.
I hope more and more classmates can join us.
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