外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 6 Nature in words Presenting ideas课件(共48张PPT，内镶嵌视频)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 6 Nature in words Presenting ideas课件(共48张PPT，内镶嵌视频) |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 60.5MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-12-28 14:56:56 | ||
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(共48张PPT)
Unit 6
Nature in words
Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
Learning Objectives
PART. 01
Understand the daily study and life of British middle school students by watching videos. Based on your own daily study and life, compare the study and life in Chinese and British schools, and find out the similarities and differences between the two. Talk about your first impression of high school life, and have a preliminary perception of the study and life in the senior high school stage.
Learning Objectives
Analyze Silent Spring and nature poems (identify literary devices like rhyme/metaphor), then write an award speech and an original nature poem using target language. Discuss Silent Spring’s impact, present a book introduction, and share poetry/writing in groups, enhancing expressive skills.
Explore global environmental literature and Western nature poetry, understanding how Rachel Carson’s work shaped the environmental movement and how nature is portrayed in English literary traditions.
Break down Silent Spring’s purpose/impact and dissect poetic devices in nature pose a nature poem with literary devices and design a nature-themed book, applying learned skills.
Organize Silent Spring’s information, research nature vocabulary, and reflect on personal writing /speaking performance, taking ownership of learning.
Understand the daily study and life of British middle school students by watching videos. Based on your own daily study and life, compare the study and life in Chinese and British schools, and find out the similarities and differences between the two. Talk about your first impression of high school life, and have a preliminary perception of the study and life in the senior high school stage.
Teaching Focuses and Anticipated Difficulties
Analyze Silent Spring and nature poems to identify literary devices, write an award speech and an original nature poem, discuss the book’s impact, and share works in groups.
Dissecting poetic devices in nature poems and Silent Spring’s purpose and impact, and composing a nature poem with literary devices and designing a nature-themed book.
Lead-in
PART. 02
Have you heard of DDT
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
Facts about DDT:
DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide.
It stays in the environment.
It is highly poisonous to living organisms, including humans.
Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria control.
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
1. How does DDT reach the human body in the food chain
When DDT is sprayed onto plants in order to kill insects, it is absorbed by plants and subsequently consumed by animals; humans in turn eat those animals. DDT also leaks through the soil and into rivers and lakes, where it contaminates fish consumed by humans.
2. What harm does DDT cause
DDT is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
Reading
PART. 03
Skim the passage and think about what it mainly talks about.
A. A book review on Silent Spring.
B. The life story of Rachel Carson.
C. What took place in a silent spring.
D. The book was received positively by all the people.
Read the book review on Silent Spring, a book that led to the banning of DDT. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage.
It is a book review on Silent Spring, so the following parts may be mentioned in the passage:
basic information about the book, including the author, year of publication, theme and main idea;
the reason why this book is published;
features of the writing;
comments on this book;
influence of this book.
Match the main idea with each paragraph.
A. The aim of the book.
C. Comments on the book.
E. Some unsuccessful solutions.
B. The book’s great impact.
D. The book deserves to be reread.
para. 1
para. 2
para. 3
para. 4
para. 5
para. 6
F. The opening of the book.
Read the passage carefully. Choose the best answer for the following questions.
1. Why did the author mention the various types of birds like robins, catbirds, doves, jays, and wrens
A. To show the diversity of bird species in the area in the past.
B. To emphasize the beauty of their songs.
C. To compare them with other animals in the fields.
D. To indicate that all bird species had disappeared completely.
2. What did Rachel Carson think about the chemical industry
A. That it was developing new and harmless pesticides.
B. That it was unknowingly causing harm to the environment.
C. That it was knowingly causing harm to plants, animals and humans.
D. That it was helping to protect natural ecosystems.
Read the passage carefully. Choose the best answer for the following questions.
3. Why did Carson list about 50 pages of her sources at the end of the book
A. Because she had too much extra information that she didn't know where else to put.
B. To show off her academic achievements and knowledge.
C. To demonstrate her thoroughness and precision as a scientist.
D. To make the readers believe that she had read a lot of books.
4. What recognition did Carson get after her death because of Silent Spring
A. A Nobel Peace Prize.
B. A Pulitzer Prize for her writing.
C. A Presidential Medal of Freedom, and her face was featured on a US stamp.
D. An Emmy Award for her contributions to environmental documentaries.
Read the passage carefully. Choose the best answer for the following questions.
5. What can be inferred from the statement “the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear more than 50 years after it was published”
A. The book is still not popular.
B. The issues raised in the book are still relevant today.
C. People have forgotten about the book.
D. The pesticide industry has won the battle against Carson.
6. What is the author’s warning at the end of the text
A. That we should read more books like Carson’s.
B. That if we don’t listen to Carson’s warning, we may face another silent spring.
C. That Carson’s book will soon be forgotten.
D. That the environmental problems have already been solved.
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes about Silent Spring.
Silent Spring
Author: Rachel Carson
Year of publication: 1 _________________________
Purposes: Carson aimed to alert people to 2 _____________________________________ on natural
ecosystems.
She wished to see pesticides used in a 3 __________________________________________ way.
Features of the book: Carson wrote a lot of 4 ________________________________________ in the book.
The arguments are strong and the language is 5 _________________________.
Opposing voices: 6 _____________________ said that Carson’s research is not precise. Carson appeared in
public and on television to 7 _________________.
Influence of the book: 8 ________________ was banned and the EPA was established in the US.
Carson earned a posthumous 9 ______________________________.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s 10 ________________________.
1962
the damaging effects of human activity
more responsible, limited and carefully monitored
scientific information, examples and research
beautiful and elegant
The pesticide industry
defend her claims
The use of DDT
Presidential Medal of Freedom
environmental awareness
Now work in pairs. Talk about which aspects of the book review make you want to read the book.
Think & share
1. Why was Silent Spring so successful
Silent Spring was so successful because it alerted the general public to the dangers of DDT. It planted important new ideas in the public mind, such as that spraying chemicals to control insect populations has an impact on other wildlife, and that the chemicals got into the food chain.
2. What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”
The moral lesson is that financial profit should not come at the expense of the environment and the creatures living in it.
Think & share
3. Why did some people challenge Carson’s findings
Some people challenged Carson’s findings because they were concerned about the negative impact they would have on business in the pesticide industry.
4. In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people’s awareness of nature
First Snow shows the beauty of nature — and in particular the snow — through its words and imagery, while Silent Spring describes an unnatural spring without the beauty of birdsong. They each raise people’s awareness of nature by highlighting the interplay between nature and human behavior.
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
1. Read the passage again and make notes about Rachel Carson’s contributions to environmental protection. Consider the following:
her most influential work what points she tried to make
difficulties she met with her personal qualities
“Silent Spring” (1962)
Human activity, especially pesticide use (like DDT), harms nature. Pesticides should be used responsibly, limitedly, and under strict monitoring.
Criticism from the pesticide industry.
Determined: Stood by her research despite criticism, defended claims publicly.
Scientific: Showed thoroughness with source listings in the book.
Talented writer: Made complex environmental issues accessible and interesting.
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
2. Rachel Carson received her Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1980. Read the excerpt from President Carter’s award speech and note the language features.
3. Write your own award speech of about 100 words and share it with the class.
Now think about your performance in group discussion. Were you able to make an objective judgement about Rachel Carson
Vocabulary
1. ban
ban (doing) sth. 禁止（做）某事
ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人（做）某事
a ban on... 对……的禁令
lift a ban (on...) 解除（对……的）禁令
例题：
The local government has imposed a ban _____ single-use plastic products to protect the environment.
on
Vocabulary
2. puzzled
be puzzled about 对……感到困惑
puzzle vt. 使困惑，迷惑；n. 谜，智力游戏；不解之谜，疑问
puzzle over/about sth. 苦苦思索，仔细琢磨
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的
例题：
She was puzzled ________ how to solve the math problem, even after reading the textbook twice.
about
Vocabulary
3. reputation
have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
have a reputation for... 以……而闻名
earn/establish/build a reputation 赢得/确立/树立声誉
damage/ruin sb’s reputation 有损/毁坏某人的名声
live up to one’s reputation 名副其实，名不虚传
例题：
The actor earned a reputation _____ his excellent performance in the historical drama.
for
Writing
PART. 04
Sunday 20 October
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
Sunday 20 October
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
Learning to learn
Rhyme is a typical feature of English poetry. A rhyme is a
repetition of similar sounds (or the same sound) in two or more words. Children’s poems, called “nursery rhymes”, usually contain strong rhymes so they are easy to be remembered. In modern poetry, however, features other
than rhyme are more important. Lines of modern poetry can be of variable length, the shape of the words on the page is more important, and rhyme is not often used.
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Sunday 20 October
Appreciate the poem.
这首诗的排版既强化了它要传达的信息，又会加强读者的情感回应。loneliness意为“孤独，寂寞”，诗句中的loneliness被单独放在括号外，强调了这个词本身的含义。a leaf falls中包含的字母被括号括了起来，并被分隔在不同的诗行之中。有的诗行放了一个字母，有的诗行放了两个字母，以此表达一片树叶独自飘落的意象。这些字母的位置也映现出树叶摇摇摆摆落到地面之前的轨迹。
Sunday 20 October
明喻是将两个不同的事物进行比较，展示二者的相同之处。明喻一般借助 like 或 as 这样的词来描绘相似之处。
Her cheeks are red like a rose. 她的脸颊像玫瑰一样红。
暗喻是将两个不相关但具有某些共同特征的事物进行含蓄的、暗示的或是隐含的比较。
That test was a total breeze. 那次考试真是易如反掌。
拟人是指把人类的情感、欲望、感觉、手势和语言等赋予人类以外的事物。这些人类以外的事物可以是物体、事件、动植物等。
The branches waved in the wind. 树枝在风中摇曳。
诗歌中常使用明喻、暗喻和拟人这三种修辞手法。
Think about words and expressions related to nature and add them to the mind map.
meadow
plateau
butterflies
yak
Work in pairs. Plan a poem. Consider the following:
what your poem will be about
what kind of poem you are going to write
what figures of speech you will use
what words you can use for that rhyme (if using rhyme)
Now write your poem.
一、核心写作逻辑
诗歌的本质是用 “意象” 承载 “情感”，用 “形式” 强化 “表达”，避免 “空泛抒情” 或 “单纯写景”。
二、写作步骤
1. 选题与意象锚定：“小切口，深挖掘”
避开大主题（如 “Nature is beautiful”），选择微观意象，让意象成为情感的 “载体”。
意象关联：给意象加 “细节标签”（感官 / 动态 / 隐喻），让其立体。
2. 情感注入：“意象即情感”
情感具象化：将抽象情感转化为意象的 “动作 / 状态”。
情感递进：让意象的 “变化” 呼应情感的 “变化”。
如何写英文诗歌
3. 形式与修辞：服务主题的 “形式美”
形式 / 修辞 用法与适配主题
韵律 （Rhyme） 尾韵适配轻快 / 童谣感主题；半韵适配含蓄 / 忧郁主题。
拟人 （Personification） 赋予自然物“人性动作”，适配“共情类主题”。
隐喻 / 明喻（Metaphor/Simile） 用“熟悉事物”类比“抽象意象”，强化画面感。
形状诗 （Concrete Poetry） 排版呼应意象，适配“动态 / 具象主题”（如落叶、雨滴）。
There once was a boy who thought,
He could eat all the sweets he had bought.
He gobbled them down,
Then started to frown,
’Cause he’d eaten more than he ought.
Sample
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s poems and share them with the class.
Now discuss the similarities and differences between Chinese and English poems.
August
There were four apples on the bough,
Half gold half red, that one might know
The blood was ripe inside the core;
The colour of the leaves was more
Like stems of yellow corn that grow
Through all the gold June meadow’s floor.
—Algernon Charles Swinburne
山行
（唐·杜牧）
远上寒山石径斜，白云生处有人家。停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花。
白雪歌送武判官归京
（唐·岑参）
北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。
忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。
Work in groups. Share with each other a book about nature you have read. Consider the following:
Now plan your own book about nature based on your research. Think about the questions and make notes.
What is the theme of your book
________________________________________________________
What is the genre of your book
________________________________________________________
What content will you include in your book
________________________________________________________
What makes your book interesting
________________________________________________________
Discuss how many chapters the book will have and make a brief table of contents.
Table of Contents
Chapter One ________________________________________________
Chapter Two ________________________________________________
Chapter Three ______________________________________________
Chapter Four _______________________________________________
The impact of human activities on the environment.
Success stories in environmental conservation.
The power of individual actions.
A hopeful future through collective effort.
Think of a catchy title for your book and design a book cover if possible.
Prepare a short introduction to the book. Consider the following:
1. the structure of your introduction
2. useful words, expressions and structures
Give your introduction to the class. Vote for the most creative book about nature.
Exercise
PART. 05
1. The company has a __________ (声誉) for producing high-quality products, which has attracted a loyal customer base over the years.
2. To find out the truth, the police carried out a(n) __________ (彻底的；深入的) investigation.
3. The missing _________ (钻石) are of great value, so the police are looking for them everywhere.
4. A _______ (合唱曲) is a piece of music, usually part of a larger work, which is written for a choir.
reputation
Exercise: 单词拼写
thorough
diamonds
chorus
1. The charity’s emergency relief program _____________ (launch) next week aims to help flood victims.
2. Since the new mayor came to power, the use of single-use plastic bags ________________ (ban) in many cities to reduce environmental pollution.
3. Judging from his _________ (puzzle) expression, this problem must be quite puzzling.
4. Modern editors can employ AI to enhance writing for clarity, _________ (precise) and accuracy.
to be launched
Exercise: 用所给词的适当形式填空
has been banned
puzzled
precision
Summary
PART. 06
添加标题
ADD THE TITLE HERE
添加标题
ADD THE TITLE HERE
添加标题
ADD THE TITLE HERE
添加标题
ADD THE TITLE HERE
Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
Reading
Presenting ideas
Analyze Silent Spring and nature poems. Understand the theme of Silent Spring and the author’s evaluation of Rachel Carson.
Write an original nature poem using target language.
Writing
Present a short introduction to a book.
Homework
PART. 07
Homework
Summarise what we have learnt in this lesson;
Prepare for the next lesson.
See you next class!
Unit 6
Nature in words
Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
Learning Objectives
PART. 01
Understand the daily study and life of British middle school students by watching videos. Based on your own daily study and life, compare the study and life in Chinese and British schools, and find out the similarities and differences between the two. Talk about your first impression of high school life, and have a preliminary perception of the study and life in the senior high school stage.
Learning Objectives
Analyze Silent Spring and nature poems (identify literary devices like rhyme/metaphor), then write an award speech and an original nature poem using target language. Discuss Silent Spring’s impact, present a book introduction, and share poetry/writing in groups, enhancing expressive skills.
Explore global environmental literature and Western nature poetry, understanding how Rachel Carson’s work shaped the environmental movement and how nature is portrayed in English literary traditions.
Break down Silent Spring’s purpose/impact and dissect poetic devices in nature pose a nature poem with literary devices and design a nature-themed book, applying learned skills.
Organize Silent Spring’s information, research nature vocabulary, and reflect on personal writing /speaking performance, taking ownership of learning.
Understand the daily study and life of British middle school students by watching videos. Based on your own daily study and life, compare the study and life in Chinese and British schools, and find out the similarities and differences between the two. Talk about your first impression of high school life, and have a preliminary perception of the study and life in the senior high school stage.
Teaching Focuses and Anticipated Difficulties
Analyze Silent Spring and nature poems to identify literary devices, write an award speech and an original nature poem, discuss the book’s impact, and share works in groups.
Dissecting poetic devices in nature poems and Silent Spring’s purpose and impact, and composing a nature poem with literary devices and designing a nature-themed book.
Lead-in
PART. 02
Have you heard of DDT
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
Facts about DDT:
DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide.
It stays in the environment.
It is highly poisonous to living organisms, including humans.
Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria control.
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
1. How does DDT reach the human body in the food chain
When DDT is sprayed onto plants in order to kill insects, it is absorbed by plants and subsequently consumed by animals; humans in turn eat those animals. DDT also leaks through the soil and into rivers and lakes, where it contaminates fish consumed by humans.
2. What harm does DDT cause
DDT is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
Reading
PART. 03
Skim the passage and think about what it mainly talks about.
A. A book review on Silent Spring.
B. The life story of Rachel Carson.
C. What took place in a silent spring.
D. The book was received positively by all the people.
Read the book review on Silent Spring, a book that led to the banning of DDT. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage.
It is a book review on Silent Spring, so the following parts may be mentioned in the passage:
basic information about the book, including the author, year of publication, theme and main idea;
the reason why this book is published;
features of the writing;
comments on this book;
influence of this book.
Match the main idea with each paragraph.
A. The aim of the book.
C. Comments on the book.
E. Some unsuccessful solutions.
B. The book’s great impact.
D. The book deserves to be reread.
para. 1
para. 2
para. 3
para. 4
para. 5
para. 6
F. The opening of the book.
Read the passage carefully. Choose the best answer for the following questions.
1. Why did the author mention the various types of birds like robins, catbirds, doves, jays, and wrens
A. To show the diversity of bird species in the area in the past.
B. To emphasize the beauty of their songs.
C. To compare them with other animals in the fields.
D. To indicate that all bird species had disappeared completely.
2. What did Rachel Carson think about the chemical industry
A. That it was developing new and harmless pesticides.
B. That it was unknowingly causing harm to the environment.
C. That it was knowingly causing harm to plants, animals and humans.
D. That it was helping to protect natural ecosystems.
Read the passage carefully. Choose the best answer for the following questions.
3. Why did Carson list about 50 pages of her sources at the end of the book
A. Because she had too much extra information that she didn't know where else to put.
B. To show off her academic achievements and knowledge.
C. To demonstrate her thoroughness and precision as a scientist.
D. To make the readers believe that she had read a lot of books.
4. What recognition did Carson get after her death because of Silent Spring
A. A Nobel Peace Prize.
B. A Pulitzer Prize for her writing.
C. A Presidential Medal of Freedom, and her face was featured on a US stamp.
D. An Emmy Award for her contributions to environmental documentaries.
Read the passage carefully. Choose the best answer for the following questions.
5. What can be inferred from the statement “the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear more than 50 years after it was published”
A. The book is still not popular.
B. The issues raised in the book are still relevant today.
C. People have forgotten about the book.
D. The pesticide industry has won the battle against Carson.
6. What is the author’s warning at the end of the text
A. That we should read more books like Carson’s.
B. That if we don’t listen to Carson’s warning, we may face another silent spring.
C. That Carson’s book will soon be forgotten.
D. That the environmental problems have already been solved.
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes about Silent Spring.
Silent Spring
Author: Rachel Carson
Year of publication: 1 _________________________
Purposes: Carson aimed to alert people to 2 _____________________________________ on natural
ecosystems.
She wished to see pesticides used in a 3 __________________________________________ way.
Features of the book: Carson wrote a lot of 4 ________________________________________ in the book.
The arguments are strong and the language is 5 _________________________.
Opposing voices: 6 _____________________ said that Carson’s research is not precise. Carson appeared in
public and on television to 7 _________________.
Influence of the book: 8 ________________ was banned and the EPA was established in the US.
Carson earned a posthumous 9 ______________________________.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s 10 ________________________.
1962
the damaging effects of human activity
more responsible, limited and carefully monitored
scientific information, examples and research
beautiful and elegant
The pesticide industry
defend her claims
The use of DDT
Presidential Medal of Freedom
environmental awareness
Now work in pairs. Talk about which aspects of the book review make you want to read the book.
Think & share
1. Why was Silent Spring so successful
Silent Spring was so successful because it alerted the general public to the dangers of DDT. It planted important new ideas in the public mind, such as that spraying chemicals to control insect populations has an impact on other wildlife, and that the chemicals got into the food chain.
2. What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”
The moral lesson is that financial profit should not come at the expense of the environment and the creatures living in it.
Think & share
3. Why did some people challenge Carson’s findings
Some people challenged Carson’s findings because they were concerned about the negative impact they would have on business in the pesticide industry.
4. In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people’s awareness of nature
First Snow shows the beauty of nature — and in particular the snow — through its words and imagery, while Silent Spring describes an unnatural spring without the beauty of birdsong. They each raise people’s awareness of nature by highlighting the interplay between nature and human behavior.
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
1. Read the passage again and make notes about Rachel Carson’s contributions to environmental protection. Consider the following:
her most influential work what points she tried to make
difficulties she met with her personal qualities
“Silent Spring” (1962)
Human activity, especially pesticide use (like DDT), harms nature. Pesticides should be used responsibly, limitedly, and under strict monitoring.
Criticism from the pesticide industry.
Determined: Stood by her research despite criticism, defended claims publicly.
Scientific: Showed thoroughness with source listings in the book.
Talented writer: Made complex environmental issues accessible and interesting.
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
2. Rachel Carson received her Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1980. Read the excerpt from President Carter’s award speech and note the language features.
3. Write your own award speech of about 100 words and share it with the class.
Now think about your performance in group discussion. Were you able to make an objective judgement about Rachel Carson
Vocabulary
1. ban
ban (doing) sth. 禁止（做）某事
ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人（做）某事
a ban on... 对……的禁令
lift a ban (on...) 解除（对……的）禁令
例题：
The local government has imposed a ban _____ single-use plastic products to protect the environment.
on
Vocabulary
2. puzzled
be puzzled about 对……感到困惑
puzzle vt. 使困惑，迷惑；n. 谜，智力游戏；不解之谜，疑问
puzzle over/about sth. 苦苦思索，仔细琢磨
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的
例题：
She was puzzled ________ how to solve the math problem, even after reading the textbook twice.
about
Vocabulary
3. reputation
have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
have a reputation for... 以……而闻名
earn/establish/build a reputation 赢得/确立/树立声誉
damage/ruin sb’s reputation 有损/毁坏某人的名声
live up to one’s reputation 名副其实，名不虚传
例题：
The actor earned a reputation _____ his excellent performance in the historical drama.
for
Writing
PART. 04
Sunday 20 October
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
Sunday 20 October
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
Learning to learn
Rhyme is a typical feature of English poetry. A rhyme is a
repetition of similar sounds (or the same sound) in two or more words. Children’s poems, called “nursery rhymes”, usually contain strong rhymes so they are easy to be remembered. In modern poetry, however, features other
than rhyme are more important. Lines of modern poetry can be of variable length, the shape of the words on the page is more important, and rhyme is not often used.
√
√
√
√
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Sunday 20 October
Appreciate the poem.
这首诗的排版既强化了它要传达的信息，又会加强读者的情感回应。loneliness意为“孤独，寂寞”，诗句中的loneliness被单独放在括号外，强调了这个词本身的含义。a leaf falls中包含的字母被括号括了起来，并被分隔在不同的诗行之中。有的诗行放了一个字母，有的诗行放了两个字母，以此表达一片树叶独自飘落的意象。这些字母的位置也映现出树叶摇摇摆摆落到地面之前的轨迹。
Sunday 20 October
明喻是将两个不同的事物进行比较，展示二者的相同之处。明喻一般借助 like 或 as 这样的词来描绘相似之处。
Her cheeks are red like a rose. 她的脸颊像玫瑰一样红。
暗喻是将两个不相关但具有某些共同特征的事物进行含蓄的、暗示的或是隐含的比较。
That test was a total breeze. 那次考试真是易如反掌。
拟人是指把人类的情感、欲望、感觉、手势和语言等赋予人类以外的事物。这些人类以外的事物可以是物体、事件、动植物等。
The branches waved in the wind. 树枝在风中摇曳。
诗歌中常使用明喻、暗喻和拟人这三种修辞手法。
Think about words and expressions related to nature and add them to the mind map.
meadow
plateau
butterflies
yak
Work in pairs. Plan a poem. Consider the following:
what your poem will be about
what kind of poem you are going to write
what figures of speech you will use
what words you can use for that rhyme (if using rhyme)
Now write your poem.
一、核心写作逻辑
诗歌的本质是用 “意象” 承载 “情感”，用 “形式” 强化 “表达”，避免 “空泛抒情” 或 “单纯写景”。
二、写作步骤
1. 选题与意象锚定：“小切口，深挖掘”
避开大主题（如 “Nature is beautiful”），选择微观意象，让意象成为情感的 “载体”。
意象关联：给意象加 “细节标签”（感官 / 动态 / 隐喻），让其立体。
2. 情感注入：“意象即情感”
情感具象化：将抽象情感转化为意象的 “动作 / 状态”。
情感递进：让意象的 “变化” 呼应情感的 “变化”。
如何写英文诗歌
3. 形式与修辞：服务主题的 “形式美”
形式 / 修辞 用法与适配主题
韵律 （Rhyme） 尾韵适配轻快 / 童谣感主题；半韵适配含蓄 / 忧郁主题。
拟人 （Personification） 赋予自然物“人性动作”，适配“共情类主题”。
隐喻 / 明喻（Metaphor/Simile） 用“熟悉事物”类比“抽象意象”，强化画面感。
形状诗 （Concrete Poetry） 排版呼应意象，适配“动态 / 具象主题”（如落叶、雨滴）。
There once was a boy who thought,
He could eat all the sweets he had bought.
He gobbled them down,
Then started to frown,
’Cause he’d eaten more than he ought.
Sample
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s poems and share them with the class.
Now discuss the similarities and differences between Chinese and English poems.
August
There were four apples on the bough,
Half gold half red, that one might know
The blood was ripe inside the core;
The colour of the leaves was more
Like stems of yellow corn that grow
Through all the gold June meadow’s floor.
—Algernon Charles Swinburne
山行
（唐·杜牧）
远上寒山石径斜，白云生处有人家。停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花。
白雪歌送武判官归京
（唐·岑参）
北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。
忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。
Work in groups. Share with each other a book about nature you have read. Consider the following:
Now plan your own book about nature based on your research. Think about the questions and make notes.
What is the theme of your book
________________________________________________________
What is the genre of your book
________________________________________________________
What content will you include in your book
________________________________________________________
What makes your book interesting
________________________________________________________
Discuss how many chapters the book will have and make a brief table of contents.
Table of Contents
Chapter One ________________________________________________
Chapter Two ________________________________________________
Chapter Three ______________________________________________
Chapter Four _______________________________________________
The impact of human activities on the environment.
Success stories in environmental conservation.
The power of individual actions.
A hopeful future through collective effort.
Think of a catchy title for your book and design a book cover if possible.
Prepare a short introduction to the book. Consider the following:
1. the structure of your introduction
2. useful words, expressions and structures
Give your introduction to the class. Vote for the most creative book about nature.
Exercise
PART. 05
1. The company has a __________ (声誉) for producing high-quality products, which has attracted a loyal customer base over the years.
2. To find out the truth, the police carried out a(n) __________ (彻底的；深入的) investigation.
3. The missing _________ (钻石) are of great value, so the police are looking for them everywhere.
4. A _______ (合唱曲) is a piece of music, usually part of a larger work, which is written for a choir.
reputation
Exercise: 单词拼写
thorough
diamonds
chorus
1. The charity’s emergency relief program _____________ (launch) next week aims to help flood victims.
2. Since the new mayor came to power, the use of single-use plastic bags ________________ (ban) in many cities to reduce environmental pollution.
3. Judging from his _________ (puzzle) expression, this problem must be quite puzzling.
4. Modern editors can employ AI to enhance writing for clarity, _________ (precise) and accuracy.
to be launched
Exercise: 用所给词的适当形式填空
has been banned
puzzled
precision
Summary
PART. 06
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Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
Reading
Presenting ideas
Analyze Silent Spring and nature poems. Understand the theme of Silent Spring and the author’s evaluation of Rachel Carson.
Write an original nature poem using target language.
Writing
Present a short introduction to a book.
Homework
PART. 07
Homework
Summarise what we have learnt in this lesson;
Prepare for the next lesson.
See you next class!