教学设计
1. 主题衔接:承接单元“人与自然”核心主题,以“野外遇熊”真实叙事为载体,深化“人类是自然访客,需敬畏生命”的主题认知,呼应单元整体文化意识目标。
2. 文本解构:聚焦记叙文“场景—冲突—反应—感悟”脉络,以“情感变化”(惊叹→恐惧→平静→敬畏)为线索,串联细节提取、文本分析与语言运用,突破“梳理逻辑+体会情感”的核心难点。
3. 梯度活动:遵循“感知—理解—分析—应用—评价”认知层次,设计“话题导入→快速读(理脉络)→细读(析情感)→复述(用语言)→拓展(升主题)”阶梯式活动,降低思维难度。
4. 学用结合:紧扣单元语言目标,强化“场景/情感描述词汇”“叙事句型”的积累与运用,通过小组合作复述、主题讨论等活动,实现“输入—内化—输出”的语言学习闭环。
5. 学生主体:通过任务驱动(情节梳理表、情感匹配)、合作探究(小组讨论)、多元评价(口头分享、同伴互评),突出学生参与感,培养文本分析能力与口头表达能力。
【基本教学信息】
【课时名称】
Unit5 Developing ideas An Encounter with nature
【授课课型及时长】
阅读课 1课时
【文本分析】
【What】本文为人与自然,野外邂逅野生动物熊为话题,是一篇能反映单元主题的课文。讲述作者以第一人称记叙了他作为一名自然摄影师在美国黄石国家公园拍摄自然美景时邂逅一头熊的惊险故事,通过本文使学生能够理解人与动物之间的关系,培养学生人与自然和谐相处的理念。
【Why】本文作者通过讲述自己在美国黄石国家公园拍摄时遭遇熊的真实故事,使学生深入语篇内容的同时又启发学生深度思考人与自然,人与动物的关系,并希望读者爱护自然,尊重自然,尊重野生动物。课程以学生发展为本的教育理念,最终构建人与自然,人与动物和谐相处的理念。
【How】本文以主题为引领,以语言为载体,以语境为依托,以问题为导向,以运用为目标来构建篇章。(structure) 本文是记叙文,文章逻辑清晰,结构清楚。文章共分为四个段落,第一段介绍了作者自己的职业类型,分析了职业的特点和好处。第二段讲述了自己最喜欢的摄影地点,简述了美国黄石国家公园,还对接下来要与之邂逅的熊做了简要介绍。第三段重点描述了黄石国家公园的美景和遭遇野熊的整个过程,并对作者和熊的对峙过程进行了细节的描述。第四段(总结部分),总结并表明了作者对本次邂逅野熊并幸运脱险的感受,告诫人类要尊重自然,尊重野生动物。(language) 首先,本文为记叙文,在语言的使用上体现了记叙文的基本特征。比如,在第一段和第二段简要介绍了自己的职业类型和职业特点,运用短语如“brave the elements”“despite the wind and rain”突出了作为摄影师面对的困难时的态度,同时也表达了作者自己的摄影这份职业的热爱。其次,在对熊的描述过程中使用了huge, strong, live for 30years, weight up to 300Kg, run at a speed of around64 Km/h, excellent swimmers在文中起到了铺垫作用,暗示人类在自然界的野生动物面前显得多么渺小。第三,在描述作者遭遇野熊的过程中,运用with的符合结构with the camera still held to my eye,with water falling off its thick, 倒装句only meters away from me was a bear以及“froze, stand still, shake, recover from the shock等细节描写词汇,使得文章更显生动,惊险。最后,作者用偶然拍摄到和熊对峙的照片提醒自己尊重自然,尊重野生动物,并用一个强调句“it is after all we who are the visitors to their world”使其观点更具有说服力,也点明主题人类进入大自然就是野生动物家园的访客,我们应该对自然,对野生动物表示尊重和保护。
【学情分析】
心理状态(Psychological status)
在这个阶段,学生的人生观和价值观形成发展,对大自然相关的话题比较感兴趣,尤其是对动物。
语言能力(Language abilities)
首先,学生能抓取文章中的关键信息,并有一定的概括、提取信息的能力。其次,学生对大自然,对野生动物有基本了解,并能联系生活实际去讨论一些相关话题。
学习技能(Learning skills)
学生具有基本的获取文章主旨大意和细节信息的能力,并已掌握基本的阅读技巧,如predicting, skimming, scanning等。其次,学生能够利用课文插图,词汇云的提示更好的理解本文。
现存知识(Existing knowledge)
学生已掌握一些关于大自然和熊的单词和短语,如nature photographer, brave the elements,等。学生对大自然,人与自然和谐相处的这些话题有基本了解,并能联系生活去讨论一些相关话题。
现存问题(Existing problems)
理科学生对本文所涉及的黄石公园不太了解,对作者部分描写手法和逻辑叙述中的理解能力还比较欠缺,尤其面对一些复杂语法结构比如with的符合结构,倒装句还有强调句的理解上还存在这障碍。
解决措施(solutions)
利用多媒体设备等图文并茂介绍背景知识,借助思维导图等形式归纳总结文本信息,引导学生设身处地的思考问题,充分发挥学生的主观能动性,激发学生的学习潜能。
【本课时教学目标】
本节课结束时,学生能够:
(1)很好的理解文章内容并能尝试复述。
(2)根据阅读语篇标题和课文插图和词汇云等预测主要内容,通过快速浏览理解篇章大意,结合语篇特点,判断作者的写作意图和语篇类型。
(3)通过细读获取作者对事物的描写手法并能实际运用。
(4)通过阅读本文理解人与自然应该和谐相处并尊重大自然。
【教学重难点】
【教学重点】
引导学生读懂语篇,理解作者写作意图,课文结构及内在逻辑关系。
【教学难点】
引导学生理解语篇细节描写内容,通过分析和总结,引导学生尊重自然,爱护自然,构建人与自然和谐相处。
【教学过程设计】
教学目标 活动设计 设计意图 活动层次 学习效果评价
1. 激活话题,导入文本 Ask Ss to brainstorm more words related to nature. Speaking of nature,what come to your mind. Show Ss video and photos to know the basic information about Yellow Stone National park. 用视觉+情境提问激活背景,关联学生生活经验,自然引入“野外遇熊”主题,激发阅读兴趣。预设障碍:学生对黄石公园不熟悉→通过图片直观补充背景;不敢开口→小组讨论降低表达压力。意义:为文本阅读搭建认知脚手架,培养“关联生活”的学习方法。 感知层 能说出几个黄石公园特征或1种应对方式;表达流畅度达标(教师口头点评)
Ask Ss to look at the word cloud in Activity one and predict what happens in the story. 利用词汇云的词汇激发学生学习兴趣,分类整理词汇属性,从而预测本文故事内容为下一步阅读做好铺垫。 理解层 锻炼学生归纳整理和预测表达能力。激发学生学习兴趣。
2.略读课文,获取大意 Ask Ss to read the text and know the main idea of each paragraph.Especially know the difficulties the nature photographer met and the basic information of the bear. 整体把握文本“场景—冲突—结果—感悟”的叙事结构,提取关键信息。预设障碍:学生抓不住核心细节→表格设置明确指引;小组意见分歧→教师提供文本定位提示。意义:训练“快速获取信息”的阅读能力,落实“梳理文本逻辑”的语言目标。 理解层 能准确填写(书面核对,正确率≥80%);
3. 分析细节与情感变化 Ask Ss to find the action line and emotion line to finish the story mountain. 深入文本细节,体会作者“惊叹→恐惧→平静→敬畏”的情感变化,理解“尊重自然”的主题。预设障碍:学生找不到情感对应的细节→提供“情感词列表”辅助;不会表达观点→给出“First... Because...”的表达框架。意义:培养“文本细读+逻辑推理”的思维品质,强化“主题理解”的文化意识目标。 分析层 能匹配3个以上“情感—细节”;讨论时能结合1个文本细节支撑观点(教师巡视点评+小组展示评价)
4. 复述与语言输出 Ask Ss to retell according to the pictures and requirements. 巩固叙事结构,内化描述性词汇,提升口头表达能力。预设障碍:学生词汇量不足→黑板呈现核心词汇;复述逻辑混乱→提供“复述模板”。意义:实现“输入—内化—输出”的语言闭环,落实“叙事表达”的单元语言目标。 应用层 复述逻辑清晰,正确使用至少2个目标词汇
5. 主题升华与拓展 Have a discussion:What can we do to show our respect for animals Show Ss some posters about protecting animal to provide some hints. 联系现实,深化“尊重自然”的主题认知,将文本观点迁移到生活实践。预设障碍:学生难以用英语表达深层观点→提供“观点句型”(“I think we should... We had better....)。意义:升华单元主题,培养“关注现实”的学习态度,落实文化意识目标。 评价层 能说出至少1条具体做法(如“we should protect their natural habitat”),观点积极(口头评价)
6.总结回顾 Ask Ss to observe the word cloud again and finish the text summary. 回归文本,再次检测学生是否对文本内容有归纳总结的意识。 评价层 能完整填写设空处,流利进行总结归纳。
7. 作业布置 Ask students to finish the following continuation writing activity. 巩固课堂所学,延伸主题学习,满足不同水平学生需求。意义:强化语言积累,培养自主探究的学习能力。 拓展层 作业完成质量(书面评价,重点看词汇使用与逻辑)
【作业与拓展学习设计】
1.基础层:根据图片和故事山复述本篇文章,掌握记叙文的六要素,能识别认知动作线和情感线。
2.拓展层:What can we do to show our respect for animals
To start with, we had better
Besides, we should stop ___________________________
Finally, it is important to _____________________________
假定你是高一406班班长李华,结合单元“人与自然”主题及近期多地野生动物受困新闻,向全校同学写一封倡议书,呼吁共同保护野生动物。内容需包括:1. 野生动物现状;2. 保护意义;3. 具体行动建议。词数100左右,格式正确,语言得体。
人与动物读后续写(高考链接)
One fall, my wife Elli and I had a single goal: to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “ the polar bear capital of the world ” — the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears — like all wild animals — should be photographed from a safe distance.
When I’m face to face with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes, that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though — he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws (爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way, but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter (相遇), I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn’t last through 30 more minutes of the bear’s punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears’ eyes, but doesn’t hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and, through the fence, sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar (吼叫), the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.
Paragraph 1: A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp.
Paragraph 2: At that very moment, the helicopter arrived.
参考范文
A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. Obviously filled with anger, the bear seemed much fiercer this time and violently pushed the fence like mad. With my heart _________(beat) wildly and my palms sweating, I was at a loss _________ to do. At this critical moment, it _______(occur) to Elli that we could try our dinner—the garlic bread. After ______(grab) several pieces, she threw them over the fence, hoping it could draw the bear’s attention. Fortunately, it worked! No sooner had the bear spotted the bread ________it stopped the attack and ran to it. But it wasn’t long before he ate up all the bread and came back again.
At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. The noise of the engine _____(sweep) away our choking fear and frightened the bear, who took a few steps back. The moment the helicopter landed, we got onto it at once, excited and __________(relieve). When we were safe on the helicopter up in the air, I was ___________(amaze) to spot that the bear had finally tore down the fence and ran towards the food we left behind. In no time, I took out the camera and ________________________________ (这一罕见的情景被永远定格在一张照片中)。What a _________________experience we had!
【板书设计】
Unit 5 Into the wild An Encounter with nature