2026年中考英语选择型阅读提分秘籍：从方法到练习全攻略（含解析）

选择型阅读提分秘籍：从方法到练习全攻略
一、前言
选择型阅读的练习，不只是 “读文章选答案”，更是 “练技巧懂逻辑”。做选择型阅读既要快速抓细节、辨主旨，还得会推理、深挖文章意图，稍不注意就容易掉进出题人的 “干扰陷阱”！掌握正确方法多练题，才能稳稳拿分。
二、方法策略
（一）写作意图——主旨推断法 / 文体推断法
1. 例题
Mother's Day is coming. My mother loves necklaces (项链) but I don't have much money to buy one. So I thought why not make one on my own I failed (失败) many times, but I didn't give up.When I finished, I showed it to my classmates. They thought it was beautiful. And they asked me to teach them how to make a necklace for their mums. Isn't it fun If you also like DIY, why not have a try
( )What is the writer's purpose of telling her story
A. To show her love for her mother.
B. To call on people to buy gifts for parents.
C. To tell people the ways of making necklaces.
D. To ask people to do something by themselves.
2. 解题步骤
Step1：通读全文可知，文章主旨句在第二段最后一句：“If you also like DIY, why not have a try ”
Step2：利用主旨句可推断，作者是为了鼓励大家自己做一些东西。
3. 方法指导
主旨推断法
Step1：采用略读法，即重点关注文章的首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到文章主题句，抓住文章主旨；若没有明显的文章主题句，则需要分析各段落的主旨，把各段落的主旨进行归纳，从而总结文章主旨。
Step2：利用主旨句来推断作者的写作意图。
文体推断法
记叙文：一般是分享一段有趣的经历或讲述一个有趣的故事使读者从中学到一定的哲理。
说明文：使读者获得某种知识，提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁，或希望引起有关部门或相关人士对某种现象的重视等。
议论文：通常是说服读者接受或赞同某种观点，或倡导某种做法等。
应用文：是一种实用类文体，语言简洁准确。应用文是为实现特定目的服务的，一般是为了售卖某种东西或号召大家参与某种活动等。
（二）方法二：句子还原——瞻前顾后找关键词
1. 例题
Dad got an email from Grandma. __She will come by train and stay for five days. I can't wait to see my grandma. She always tells me interesting stories. And she always cooks delicious food for me. I like staying with her.
( )Which of the following sentences can be put in the __
A. She will visit us in June
B. So I will arrive at the railway station early
C. I want to do something for my grandma
D. My dad is going to buy some food for her
2. 解题步骤
Step1：分析各选项含义：
A 项：她将在六月来看我们
B 项：所以我将早早到达火车站
C 项：我想要为我的祖母做些什么
D 项：我的爸爸将要给她买一些食物
Step2：空前表示爸爸收到了来自祖母的邮件，空后表示祖母将乘火车来，并待五天。由此可推知，空处应与祖母要来作者家有关。
Step3：将选项一一代入文中，通读本段可知，A 项符合语境。
3. 方法指导
先分析各选项含义，明确每个选项的核心信息；再聚焦空格前后文内容，梳理上下文的逻辑关系（如因果、承接、转折等），判断空格处需补充的核心信息方向；最后将选项逐一代入文中验证，选出与上下文逻辑连贯、语义契合的选项。
三、原创好题
From saving wildlife to taking part in important activities, these two excellent girls are showing that anyone at any age can protect (保护) the Earth. Get to know Amaya and Moksha.
Amaya Edwards, 10When Amaya was 5, she showed interest in the sea. She cleaned the beach near her home nearly every day and saved many animals! Also, Amaya created a powerful poster (海报) to stop littering. The local official turned it into a postcard, and Amaya raised $500 for charities (慈善组织) through its sales. Amaya also wrote five books to help children learn how to protect wildlife.
Moksha Roy, 9Moksha began to protect the Earth when she was just three years old. She held powerful and fun activities like:
Books4ourfuture: saving second-hand books while raising money for charity.
Birthdays for Charities: encouraging kids to give away their birthday gifts for charity.
Moksha is also a speaker at the UN's Water Week. She thinks that ______. Her favourite activity is saving water.
( )1. What did Amaya do to protect the Earth
①Cleaned the beach.②Created a poster.③Held fun activities.④Wrote five books.
A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.②③④
( )2. How did Moksha raise money for charity
A. By giving talks.B. By making postcards.
C. By selling second-hand books.D. By collecting kids' birthday gifts.
( )3. What do Amaya and Moksha have in common
A. They both write books. B. They both work for the UN.
C. They both love reading books.
D. They both want to protect the Earth.
( )4. 新考点 句子还原 Which of the following can be put in __ [可参考方法精讲方法二]
A. saving money is the biggest change
B. planting trees can help protect the Earth
C. protecting wildlife is important for everyone
D. small, everyday things can create big changes
( )5. What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage [可参考方法精讲方法一]
A. To call on people to protect the Earth.
B. To teach people to learn to protect wildlife.
C. To encourage people to give money to charities.
D. To help more people know about these two girls.
五、答案及解析
1. 答案：C 解析：直接信息理解题 —— 关键词定位法。根据第二段中 “She cleaned the beach near her home nearly every day and saved many animals! Also, Amaya created a powerful poster (海报) to stop littering... Amaya also wrote five books to help children learn how to protect wildlife.” 可知，Amaya 通过清理海滩、制作海报、写五本书这三种方式保护地球，文中未提及她“举办有趣活动”，“举办有趣活动”是 Moksha 的行为，故选 C。
2. 答案：C 解析：直接信息理解题 —— 关键词定位法。根据第三段中 “Books4Future: saving second-hand books while raising money for charity.” 可知，Moksha 通过回收并售卖二手书的方式为慈善活动筹集资金。A 项“通过演讲”是她的经历之一，并非筹钱方式；B 项“制作明信片”是 Amaya 的行为；D 项“收集孩子的生日礼物”是鼓励他人捐赠，并非自己筹集资金的直接方式，故选 C。
3. 答案：D 解析：推断细节信息题 —— 针对特定细节进行推断。文章开头明确提到 “From saving wildlife to taking part in important activities, these two excellent girls are showing that anyone at any age can protect (保护) the Earth.”，后文分别介绍了 Amaya 清理海滩、救动物、制海报、写书，以及 Moksha 举办公益活动、在联合国发言、节约用水等行为，均围绕“保护地球”展开。A 项“都写书”错误，只有 Amaya 写了书；B 项“都为联合国工作”错误，只有 Moksha 是联合国水周的发言人；C 项“都爱读书”文中未提及，故选 D。
4. 答案：D 解析：句子还原题 —— 瞻前顾后找关键词。根据前文可知，Moksha 从三岁就开始保护地球，她举办的活动（节约二手书、鼓励捐赠生日礼物）和喜欢的活动（节约用水）均是日常中的小行动。结合上下文逻辑，空格处应体现她的行动理念。分析备选项：A 项“省钱是最大的改变”与保护地球的主题无关；B 项“种树能保护地球”文中未提及种树相关内容；C 项“保护野生动物对每个人都重要”，Moksha 的行为不仅限于保护野生动物；D 项“日常小事能带来大改变”契合她用日常小行动践行环保的理念，与上下文语义连贯，故选 D。
5. 答案：A 解析：写作意图题 —— 主旨推断法。根据文章主旨推断法，先找主旨句，文章开头 “these two excellent girls are showing that anyone at any age can protect the Earth” 即为核心主旨句。作者通过详细介绍 Amaya 和 Moksha 保护地球的具体事迹，并非仅为让读者了解这两个女孩（D 项为表面目的），深层意图是借助她们的事例传递“任何人无论年龄大小都能保护地球”的理念，进而号召更多人参与到保护地球的行动中。B 项“教人们保护野生动物”仅为 Amaya 行为的一部分，并非全文主旨；C 项“鼓励人们给慈善机构捐钱”是两人部分活动的内容，并非作者核心意图，故选 A。