人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Learning About Language课件（共34张
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Learning About Language课件（共34张 |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 25.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-01 00:00:00 | ||
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(共34张PPT)
Learning About Language
Unit 2
Healthy Lifestyle
Teaching objectives
语言能力
思维品质
学习能力
文化意识
能够准确识别并运用本单元核心词汇及相关短语，完成描述健康生活方式的听说读写任务。
掌握并灵活运用 “建议、劝说” 类句型，清晰表达个人对健康生活的观点与建议。
能够分析并理解文本中复杂句式的结构与含义，提升对论述类语篇的阅读理解能力，并能模仿其句式进行简单的书面表达。
通过对比不同生活方式的利弊，培养辩证思维能力，客观评价各种健康建议的合理性与适用性。
在分析健康问题成因及解决方案的过程中，提升逻辑推理与问题解决能力，形成有条理的思维链条。
结合自身生活实际，反思个人生活习惯，培养批判性思维能力，提出符合自身需求的健康生活规划。
学会运用词汇分类、句型归纳等学习策略，自主梳理本单元语言知识，构建个性化的知识体系。
能够主动参与小组讨论、合作探究等学习活动，提升倾听、表达与合作学习的能力，高效完成学习任务。
掌握查阅健康相关英语资料的方法，提升自主获取信息、筛选信息并整合运用信息的能力。
了解中西方在健康生活理念、健康管理方式上的异同，拓宽文化视野，尊重文化多样性。
认识到健康生活方式是全球共同的追求，增强跨文化交流中关于健康话题的沟通意识与能力。
汲取不同文化中健康生活的有益经验，树立积极向上的生活态度，增强文化自信与健康素养。
01
Build up your vocabulary
Complete the summary using the words from the box below.
1
alcohol appropriate cue cycle negative
pill psychology reward tobacco discipline
Teenagers often have bad habits. Most can be stopped by taking ___________ action. However, habits like _____________ and ______________ abuse can lead to serious addictions. According to modern __________, to change bad habits, we must first analyse them using the “habit ________ ”. To fix or improve a bad habit, we must first find out what the _____ is. Then we must change the old ________ routine to something more positive. If successful, we will feel a sense of ________ and our bad habit may disappear. Changing a bad habit is difficult and it is easy to make excuses and give up. We need to make up our minds and show some _________, and make small changes over time. There is no magic _____ to help us, but changing will ensure we have a happy and healthy life!
appropriate
tobacco/alcohol
alcohol/tobacco
psychology
cycle
cue
negative
reward
pill
discipline
Find “verb + a habit” collocations from the previous text. Then make
sentences with them.
2
form a habit ___________________________________________________
change a habit ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
It is good to form a habit of reading an English article every day.
I would like to change my habit of eating too much junk food.
To prevent such a harmful habit is essential.
prevent a habit
recognise a habit
create a habit
break a habit
If we don't recognise a bad habit early, it will do harm to us.
How to create a good habit is worthy of our consideration.
I'm trying to break the habit of staying up too late.
Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. Add more sentences or paragraphs to the passage if possible.
3
Simply speaking, a healthy lifestyle is about finding the right balance and making good choices.
Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. If one element ____________ your life and the others are ignored, you will lose balance and not feel good.
Carefully _________ your daily activities. Your health _________ what you choose to do in your daily life. A healthy lifestyle is generally a balanced life in which you make wise choices. Neither too much nor too little is good.
Slowly ___________ changes in your lifestyle by using a step-by-step process. You do not have to change everything at once. Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier.
examine dominate facilitate rely on
dominates
examine
relies on
facilitate
Discover useful structure
02
1
Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the italicised infinitives. Find more infinitives in the reading passage. In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions.
To change bad habits is never easy.
It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother's lung surgery.
To join the People's Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards.
It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
作主语
真正主语
形式主语
形式主语
真正主语
真正主语
形式主语
1
Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the italicised infinitives. Find more infinitives in the reading passage. In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions.
More sentences from the reading passage:
However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.
To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.
After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
Grammar
动词不定式（短语）作主语
一、基本定义与结构
动词不定式（短语）作主语，指的是将 “to + 动词原形”（或省略 to 的不定式）置于句首或句中，承担句子主语的功能，表示具体的动作、目的、计划或将要发生的行为。
基本结构：To do sth. + 谓语 + 其他成分。
例句：To help others is a great pleasure. 帮助他人是一种极大的乐趣。
短语形式：To do sth. + 状语 / 定语等构成不定式短语，整体作主语。
例句：To finish the work on time is our task today.
按时完成工作是我们今天的任务。
Grammar
二、核心用法与句式
1. 直接位于句首作主语。这种用法语气正式，常用于书面语，强调不定式所表示的动作。
例句：To learn English well requires a lot of practice. 学好英语需要大量练习。
2. 用 it 作形式主语，将真正的不定式主语后置。这是最常用的句式，避免句子头重脚轻，使结构更平衡，语气更自然。
基本句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + (for/of sb.) + to do sth.
①形容词修饰事物时，用 for sb.
例句：It is important for us to protect the environment.
对我们来说，保护环境很重要。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
②形容词修饰人的品质、性格时，用 of sb.
例句：It is kind of you to help me. 你能帮我真是太好了。
③名词作表语时
例句：It is a good idea to take exercise every day. 每天锻炼是个好主意。
3. 不定式短语作主语时的主谓一致。不定式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词一律用第三人称单数形式。
例句：To go abroad for further study is his dream. 出国深造是他的梦想。
三、特殊情况：省略 to 的不定式作主语
通常情况下，不定式作主语需带 to，但在特定的固定句式中，可省略 to，常见于以下两种情况：
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
1. 在 “do + 主语 + do sth.” 的强调句型中
例句： All you do is wait. 你要做的就是等待。
2. 在 “主语 + be + to do” 的结构中，若主语部分含有实义动词 do 的某种形式，表语中的不定式可省略 to
例句：What I want to do is help you. 我想做的就是帮你。
四、与动名词作主语的辨析
不定式和动名词都可作主语，二者在含义和用法上有明显区别，需重点掌握：
1. 含义差异：不定式作主语通常表示具体的、一次性的、将要发生的动作；动名词作主语则表示抽象的、习惯性的、泛指的动作。
①不定式：To swim in the river this afternoon is dangerous.
今天下午在河里游泳很危险。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
②动名词：Swimming in the river is dangerous. 在河里游泳很危险。
2. 句式适配：不定式作主语更常用于 “it 作形式主语” 的句式；动名词作主语可直接位于句首，也可用于 It is no use/good doing sth. 等固定句型。
①不定式：It is necessary to get up early. 早起是必要的。
②动名词：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
五、高频考点与易错点
1. for sb. 与 of sb. 的辨析
可通过 “形容词能否修饰人” 判断，若形容词能描述人的品质（如 kind, brave, stupid 等），用 of sb.；若形容词描述事物的性质（如 important, necessary, difficult 等），用 for sb.。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
五、高频考点与易错点
2. 不定式的否定式作主语
直接在 to 前加 not，即 Not to do sth. + 谓语，或 It is + 形容词 + not to do sth.
例句：Not to keep promises is not a good habit. 不守承诺不是好习惯。
3. 并列不定式作主语
若两个或多个不定式并列作主语，谓语动词仍用单数；若表示不同的动作，也可根据语境用复数，但更常用单数形式
例句：To eat well and to sleep well is important for health.
吃得好、睡得好对健康很重要。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
2
Join the words to make full sentences, and then join the sentences to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful.
1. important / avoid / passive cigarette smoking
It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking.
2. will take / nutrition specialist / a balanced diet menu / make / an hour / for you
3. useful / turn to / fitness consultant / for advice
4. illegal / dangerous / take / drugs
5. harmful / skip breakfast / often
It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you.
It is useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.
It is dangerous to take illegal drugs.
It is harmful to skip breakfast often.
2
Join the words to make full sentences, and then join the sentences to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful.
To get healthy and get rid of bad habits, sometimes it is also a good idea to get professional help. It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. It is also useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.
You can also help yourself with some common sense. For example, it is harmful to skip breakfast too often. It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. And, of course, it is dangerous to take illegal drugs too.
3
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.
1. A: Hello, doctor. I want to lose weight, but I just can't seem to do it. What can you do
to help me
B: Well, first, it's necessary to ______________ what you eat. Cut out all fatty food
and sugary drinks, and eat more fruit and vegetables.
2. A: I really need to ____________ a way to exercise more. I could use a fitness app, but
my phone's full.
B: So delete a few files. I'm sure the app doesn't take up much space.
begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one's mind
be in control of
decide on
3. A: Before exercising, always do a few warm-ups to ____________.
B: I know. But then I always feel too tired to continue!
4. A: Should I go for the pizza or the fried chicken I hate _______________ like
these. You know what — I'm going to eat both!
B: Wow! Don't eat too much junk food — you'll get fat. I've actually
_______________ to go on a diet, so I'll just stick to the fruit salad.
3
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.
begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one's mind
begin with
making choices
made up my mind
03
Vocabulary
decide on 决定，选定
一、核心含义与基本用法
decide on 是一个及物动词短语，意为 “决定；选定”，强调经过思考、对比后最终确定某一选项、方案或行动，其后通常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不能直接接动词不定式。
接名词 / 代词：We need to decide on a date for the meeting.
我们需要确定会议日期。
接动名词：She has decided on studying abroad next year.
她已决定明年出国留学。
常见搭配：decide on sth.（选定某物）、decide on doing sth.（决定做某事）、decide on sb.（选定某人）。
decide on 决定，选定
二、词性与句式拓展
decision n. 决定
make a decision on sth. 就某事做决定
例句：They made a final decision on the project.
他们就这个项目做出了最终决定。
三、近义词辨析：
decide on 与 decide to do 都表示 “决定”，但用法和侧重点不同
搭配不同：decide on 后接名词 / 动名词；decide to do 后接动词不定式。
例句：He decided on the red shirt. 他选定了那件红衬衫。
He decided to buy the red shirt. 他决定买那件红衬衫。
decide on 决定，选定
含义侧重：decide on 强调 “选定” 的结果，侧重确定具体的事物、方案；decide to do 强调 “决定” 的动作，侧重将要执行的行为。
例句：We have decided on the travel route. 我们已选定了旅行路线。
We have decided to travel by train. 我们决定乘火车旅行。
四、易错点提醒
避免错误搭配：不能说 decide on do sth.，正确形式为 decide on doing sth. 或 decide to do sth.。
接从句时的用法：若后接宾语从句，需去掉 on，直接用 decide (that) ...，如 She decided (that) she would quit her job.（她决定辞职。）
与 depend on 的区分：两者词形相似但含义完全不同，depend on 表示 “依靠；取决于”，如 Success depends on hard work.（成功取决于努力。）
make up one's mind 下定决心
一、核心含义与基本用法
make up one's mind 是一个固定动词短语，意为 “下定决心；拿定主意”，强调经过深思熟虑或犹豫后，最终做出明确的决定，不再动摇。短语中的 one's 需根据主语的人称和数进行变化，如 my, your, his, her, their, our 等，mind 需用单数形式。
基本结构：make up one's mind (to do sth. /about sth. /that 从句)
接不定式：She made up her mind to study medicine. 她下定决心学医。
接介词 about + 名词 / 代词：He hasn't made up his mind about the job offer.
他还没拿定主意要不要接受这份工作邀请。
make up one's mind 下定决心
接 that 从句：We made up our minds that we would finish the project on time.
我们下定决心要按时完成这个项目。
二、词性拓展与同义替换
determine to do sth.（正式用语，强调决心坚定）
例句：He determined to overcome all difficulties. 他决心克服所有困难。
make a decision（侧重 “做出决定” 的动作）
例句：They need to make a decision quickly. 他们需要尽快做出决定。
set one's mind to do sth.（强调 “专注于并决心做某事”）
例句：She set her mind to pass the exam. 她下定决心要通过考试。
make up one's mind 下定决心
三、易错点提醒
1. 注意 mind 的形式：短语中 mind 必须用单数，不能说 make up one's minds，即使主语是复数，如 They made up their mind to travel together.（正确），They made up their minds to travel together.（错误）。
2. 避免遗漏介词：当后接名词性成分表示 “关于某事的决定” 时，需加介词 about，如 make up one's mind about the plan（就这个计划下定决心），不能直接说 make up one's mind the plan。
3. 与 change one's mind 的区分：change one's mind 表示 “改变主意”，与 make up one's mind 互为反义短语，如 She made up her mind to go, but later changed her mind.（她下定决心要去，但后来又改变了主意。）
compose v. 组成，作曲，撰写
例句：The committee is composed of five experts from different fields.
该委员会由来自不同领域的五位专家组成。
be composed of 由…… 组成
例句：The team is composed of three doctors and two nurses.
这支队伍由三名医生和两名护士组成。
compose oneself 使自己平静下来，镇定自若
例句：She took a deep breath to compose herself before giving the speech.
演讲前，她深呼吸让自己平静下来。
composer n. 作曲家；创作者
例句：Mozart is one of the greatest composers in the history of classical music.
莫扎特是古典音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。
compose v. 组成，作曲，撰写
composition n. 组成，构成；作文，乐曲
例句：The composition of the soil affects the growth of plants greatly.
土壤的构成对植物的生长影响很大。
例句：The teacher asked the students to write a composition about their summer
vacation. 老师让学生们写一篇关于暑假的作文。
例句：This composition is so moving that it makes many listeners cry.
这首乐曲非常动人，让许多听众潸然泪下。
composed adj. 镇静的，沉着的；由…… 组成的
例句：She remained composed even when she heard the bad news.
即使听到这个坏消息，她依然保持镇静。
liberation n. 解放，摆脱
例句：The people celebrated the liberation of their country with great joy.
人们欣喜若狂地庆祝国家解放。
liberate v. 解放；使摆脱
例句：The army liberated the city from enemy occupation.
军队从敌人的占领下解放了这座城市。
liberated adj. 解放的；不受束缚的
例句：The liberated people began to rebuild their hometown with enthusiasm.
获得解放的人们满怀热情地开始重建家园。
liberating adj. 使人解脱的；令人感到自由的
例句：Traveling alone can be a liberating experience for many people.
独自旅行对很多人来说是一种令人解脱的体验。
disturb v. 打扰，搅乱，使烦恼
例句：Please don't disturb me while I'm working. 我工作的时候请不要打扰我。disturb sb. from sth. 使某人从…… 中分心，打扰某人做某事
例句：Don't disturb him from his studies; he's preparing for the exam
别打扰他学习，他正在备考。
disturbance n. 打扰，干扰；骚乱，动乱；心神不宁
例句：We apologize for any disturbance caused by the repair work.
对于维修工作造成的任何打扰，我们深表歉意。
disturbed adj. 心神不宁的，烦恼的；有精神疾病的
例句：She looked disturbed after reading the letter. 看完信后，她显得心神不宁。
disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的
例句：The disturbing news made everyone in the office feel worried.
这个令人不安的消息让办公室里的每个人都感到担忧。）
skip v. 跳过，不参加，蹦蹦跳跳地走，蹦跳
例句：If you already know this part, you can skip to the next chapter.
如果你已经了解这部分内容，可以直接跳到下一章。
He decided to skip the meeting because he had to take care of his sick
mother.他决定不参加会议，因为他要照顾生病的母亲。）
skip over 略过，跳过（强调快速忽略某部分）
例句：Let's skip over this topic for now and discuss it later.
我们先略过这个话题，稍后再讨论。
skip out on 逃避，缺席（非正式用语，常指逃避责任或义务）
例句：He skipped out on his duties and left all the work to his colleagues.
他逃避自己的职责，把所有工作都留给了同事。
04
Homework
1. Complete the exercises at the end of the class.
2. Preview pages 18 to 21 of Unit 2.
See you in the next class!
Learning About Language
Unit 2
Healthy Lifestyle
Teaching objectives
语言能力
思维品质
学习能力
文化意识
能够准确识别并运用本单元核心词汇及相关短语，完成描述健康生活方式的听说读写任务。
掌握并灵活运用 “建议、劝说” 类句型，清晰表达个人对健康生活的观点与建议。
能够分析并理解文本中复杂句式的结构与含义，提升对论述类语篇的阅读理解能力，并能模仿其句式进行简单的书面表达。
通过对比不同生活方式的利弊，培养辩证思维能力，客观评价各种健康建议的合理性与适用性。
在分析健康问题成因及解决方案的过程中，提升逻辑推理与问题解决能力，形成有条理的思维链条。
结合自身生活实际，反思个人生活习惯，培养批判性思维能力，提出符合自身需求的健康生活规划。
学会运用词汇分类、句型归纳等学习策略，自主梳理本单元语言知识，构建个性化的知识体系。
能够主动参与小组讨论、合作探究等学习活动，提升倾听、表达与合作学习的能力，高效完成学习任务。
掌握查阅健康相关英语资料的方法，提升自主获取信息、筛选信息并整合运用信息的能力。
了解中西方在健康生活理念、健康管理方式上的异同，拓宽文化视野，尊重文化多样性。
认识到健康生活方式是全球共同的追求，增强跨文化交流中关于健康话题的沟通意识与能力。
汲取不同文化中健康生活的有益经验，树立积极向上的生活态度，增强文化自信与健康素养。
01
Build up your vocabulary
Complete the summary using the words from the box below.
1
alcohol appropriate cue cycle negative
pill psychology reward tobacco discipline
Teenagers often have bad habits. Most can be stopped by taking ___________ action. However, habits like _____________ and ______________ abuse can lead to serious addictions. According to modern __________, to change bad habits, we must first analyse them using the “habit ________ ”. To fix or improve a bad habit, we must first find out what the _____ is. Then we must change the old ________ routine to something more positive. If successful, we will feel a sense of ________ and our bad habit may disappear. Changing a bad habit is difficult and it is easy to make excuses and give up. We need to make up our minds and show some _________, and make small changes over time. There is no magic _____ to help us, but changing will ensure we have a happy and healthy life!
appropriate
tobacco/alcohol
alcohol/tobacco
psychology
cycle
cue
negative
reward
pill
discipline
Find “verb + a habit” collocations from the previous text. Then make
sentences with them.
2
form a habit ___________________________________________________
change a habit ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
_____________ ___________________________________________________
It is good to form a habit of reading an English article every day.
I would like to change my habit of eating too much junk food.
To prevent such a harmful habit is essential.
prevent a habit
recognise a habit
create a habit
break a habit
If we don't recognise a bad habit early, it will do harm to us.
How to create a good habit is worthy of our consideration.
I'm trying to break the habit of staying up too late.
Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. Add more sentences or paragraphs to the passage if possible.
3
Simply speaking, a healthy lifestyle is about finding the right balance and making good choices.
Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. If one element ____________ your life and the others are ignored, you will lose balance and not feel good.
Carefully _________ your daily activities. Your health _________ what you choose to do in your daily life. A healthy lifestyle is generally a balanced life in which you make wise choices. Neither too much nor too little is good.
Slowly ___________ changes in your lifestyle by using a step-by-step process. You do not have to change everything at once. Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier.
examine dominate facilitate rely on
dominates
examine
relies on
facilitate
Discover useful structure
02
1
Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the italicised infinitives. Find more infinitives in the reading passage. In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions.
To change bad habits is never easy.
It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother's lung surgery.
To join the People's Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards.
It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
作主语
真正主语
形式主语
形式主语
真正主语
真正主语
形式主语
1
Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the italicised infinitives. Find more infinitives in the reading passage. In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions.
More sentences from the reading passage:
However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.
To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.
After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
Grammar
动词不定式（短语）作主语
一、基本定义与结构
动词不定式（短语）作主语，指的是将 “to + 动词原形”（或省略 to 的不定式）置于句首或句中，承担句子主语的功能，表示具体的动作、目的、计划或将要发生的行为。
基本结构：To do sth. + 谓语 + 其他成分。
例句：To help others is a great pleasure. 帮助他人是一种极大的乐趣。
短语形式：To do sth. + 状语 / 定语等构成不定式短语，整体作主语。
例句：To finish the work on time is our task today.
按时完成工作是我们今天的任务。
Grammar
二、核心用法与句式
1. 直接位于句首作主语。这种用法语气正式，常用于书面语，强调不定式所表示的动作。
例句：To learn English well requires a lot of practice. 学好英语需要大量练习。
2. 用 it 作形式主语，将真正的不定式主语后置。这是最常用的句式，避免句子头重脚轻，使结构更平衡，语气更自然。
基本句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + (for/of sb.) + to do sth.
①形容词修饰事物时，用 for sb.
例句：It is important for us to protect the environment.
对我们来说，保护环境很重要。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
②形容词修饰人的品质、性格时，用 of sb.
例句：It is kind of you to help me. 你能帮我真是太好了。
③名词作表语时
例句：It is a good idea to take exercise every day. 每天锻炼是个好主意。
3. 不定式短语作主语时的主谓一致。不定式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词一律用第三人称单数形式。
例句：To go abroad for further study is his dream. 出国深造是他的梦想。
三、特殊情况：省略 to 的不定式作主语
通常情况下，不定式作主语需带 to，但在特定的固定句式中，可省略 to，常见于以下两种情况：
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
1. 在 “do + 主语 + do sth.” 的强调句型中
例句： All you do is wait. 你要做的就是等待。
2. 在 “主语 + be + to do” 的结构中，若主语部分含有实义动词 do 的某种形式，表语中的不定式可省略 to
例句：What I want to do is help you. 我想做的就是帮你。
四、与动名词作主语的辨析
不定式和动名词都可作主语，二者在含义和用法上有明显区别，需重点掌握：
1. 含义差异：不定式作主语通常表示具体的、一次性的、将要发生的动作；动名词作主语则表示抽象的、习惯性的、泛指的动作。
①不定式：To swim in the river this afternoon is dangerous.
今天下午在河里游泳很危险。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
②动名词：Swimming in the river is dangerous. 在河里游泳很危险。
2. 句式适配：不定式作主语更常用于 “it 作形式主语” 的句式；动名词作主语可直接位于句首，也可用于 It is no use/good doing sth. 等固定句型。
①不定式：It is necessary to get up early. 早起是必要的。
②动名词：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
五、高频考点与易错点
1. for sb. 与 of sb. 的辨析
可通过 “形容词能否修饰人” 判断，若形容词能描述人的品质（如 kind, brave, stupid 等），用 of sb.；若形容词描述事物的性质（如 important, necessary, difficult 等），用 for sb.。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
Grammar
五、高频考点与易错点
2. 不定式的否定式作主语
直接在 to 前加 not，即 Not to do sth. + 谓语，或 It is + 形容词 + not to do sth.
例句：Not to keep promises is not a good habit. 不守承诺不是好习惯。
3. 并列不定式作主语
若两个或多个不定式并列作主语，谓语动词仍用单数；若表示不同的动作，也可根据语境用复数，但更常用单数形式
例句：To eat well and to sleep well is important for health.
吃得好、睡得好对健康很重要。
动词不定式（短语）作主语
2
Join the words to make full sentences, and then join the sentences to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful.
1. important / avoid / passive cigarette smoking
It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking.
2. will take / nutrition specialist / a balanced diet menu / make / an hour / for you
3. useful / turn to / fitness consultant / for advice
4. illegal / dangerous / take / drugs
5. harmful / skip breakfast / often
It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you.
It is useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.
It is dangerous to take illegal drugs.
It is harmful to skip breakfast often.
2
Join the words to make full sentences, and then join the sentences to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful.
To get healthy and get rid of bad habits, sometimes it is also a good idea to get professional help. It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. It is also useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.
You can also help yourself with some common sense. For example, it is harmful to skip breakfast too often. It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. And, of course, it is dangerous to take illegal drugs too.
3
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.
1. A: Hello, doctor. I want to lose weight, but I just can't seem to do it. What can you do
to help me
B: Well, first, it's necessary to ______________ what you eat. Cut out all fatty food
and sugary drinks, and eat more fruit and vegetables.
2. A: I really need to ____________ a way to exercise more. I could use a fitness app, but
my phone's full.
B: So delete a few files. I'm sure the app doesn't take up much space.
begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one's mind
be in control of
decide on
3. A: Before exercising, always do a few warm-ups to ____________.
B: I know. But then I always feel too tired to continue!
4. A: Should I go for the pizza or the fried chicken I hate _______________ like
these. You know what — I'm going to eat both!
B: Wow! Don't eat too much junk food — you'll get fat. I've actually
_______________ to go on a diet, so I'll just stick to the fruit salad.
3
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.
begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one's mind
begin with
making choices
made up my mind
03
Vocabulary
decide on 决定，选定
一、核心含义与基本用法
decide on 是一个及物动词短语，意为 “决定；选定”，强调经过思考、对比后最终确定某一选项、方案或行动，其后通常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不能直接接动词不定式。
接名词 / 代词：We need to decide on a date for the meeting.
我们需要确定会议日期。
接动名词：She has decided on studying abroad next year.
她已决定明年出国留学。
常见搭配：decide on sth.（选定某物）、decide on doing sth.（决定做某事）、decide on sb.（选定某人）。
decide on 决定，选定
二、词性与句式拓展
decision n. 决定
make a decision on sth. 就某事做决定
例句：They made a final decision on the project.
他们就这个项目做出了最终决定。
三、近义词辨析：
decide on 与 decide to do 都表示 “决定”，但用法和侧重点不同
搭配不同：decide on 后接名词 / 动名词；decide to do 后接动词不定式。
例句：He decided on the red shirt. 他选定了那件红衬衫。
He decided to buy the red shirt. 他决定买那件红衬衫。
decide on 决定，选定
含义侧重：decide on 强调 “选定” 的结果，侧重确定具体的事物、方案；decide to do 强调 “决定” 的动作，侧重将要执行的行为。
例句：We have decided on the travel route. 我们已选定了旅行路线。
We have decided to travel by train. 我们决定乘火车旅行。
四、易错点提醒
避免错误搭配：不能说 decide on do sth.，正确形式为 decide on doing sth. 或 decide to do sth.。
接从句时的用法：若后接宾语从句，需去掉 on，直接用 decide (that) ...，如 She decided (that) she would quit her job.（她决定辞职。）
与 depend on 的区分：两者词形相似但含义完全不同，depend on 表示 “依靠；取决于”，如 Success depends on hard work.（成功取决于努力。）
make up one's mind 下定决心
一、核心含义与基本用法
make up one's mind 是一个固定动词短语，意为 “下定决心；拿定主意”，强调经过深思熟虑或犹豫后，最终做出明确的决定，不再动摇。短语中的 one's 需根据主语的人称和数进行变化，如 my, your, his, her, their, our 等，mind 需用单数形式。
基本结构：make up one's mind (to do sth. /about sth. /that 从句)
接不定式：She made up her mind to study medicine. 她下定决心学医。
接介词 about + 名词 / 代词：He hasn't made up his mind about the job offer.
他还没拿定主意要不要接受这份工作邀请。
make up one's mind 下定决心
接 that 从句：We made up our minds that we would finish the project on time.
我们下定决心要按时完成这个项目。
二、词性拓展与同义替换
determine to do sth.（正式用语，强调决心坚定）
例句：He determined to overcome all difficulties. 他决心克服所有困难。
make a decision（侧重 “做出决定” 的动作）
例句：They need to make a decision quickly. 他们需要尽快做出决定。
set one's mind to do sth.（强调 “专注于并决心做某事”）
例句：She set her mind to pass the exam. 她下定决心要通过考试。
make up one's mind 下定决心
三、易错点提醒
1. 注意 mind 的形式：短语中 mind 必须用单数，不能说 make up one's minds，即使主语是复数，如 They made up their mind to travel together.（正确），They made up their minds to travel together.（错误）。
2. 避免遗漏介词：当后接名词性成分表示 “关于某事的决定” 时，需加介词 about，如 make up one's mind about the plan（就这个计划下定决心），不能直接说 make up one's mind the plan。
3. 与 change one's mind 的区分：change one's mind 表示 “改变主意”，与 make up one's mind 互为反义短语，如 She made up her mind to go, but later changed her mind.（她下定决心要去，但后来又改变了主意。）
compose v. 组成，作曲，撰写
例句：The committee is composed of five experts from different fields.
该委员会由来自不同领域的五位专家组成。
be composed of 由…… 组成
例句：The team is composed of three doctors and two nurses.
这支队伍由三名医生和两名护士组成。
compose oneself 使自己平静下来，镇定自若
例句：She took a deep breath to compose herself before giving the speech.
演讲前，她深呼吸让自己平静下来。
composer n. 作曲家；创作者
例句：Mozart is one of the greatest composers in the history of classical music.
莫扎特是古典音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。
compose v. 组成，作曲，撰写
composition n. 组成，构成；作文，乐曲
例句：The composition of the soil affects the growth of plants greatly.
土壤的构成对植物的生长影响很大。
例句：The teacher asked the students to write a composition about their summer
vacation. 老师让学生们写一篇关于暑假的作文。
例句：This composition is so moving that it makes many listeners cry.
这首乐曲非常动人，让许多听众潸然泪下。
composed adj. 镇静的，沉着的；由…… 组成的
例句：She remained composed even when she heard the bad news.
即使听到这个坏消息，她依然保持镇静。
liberation n. 解放，摆脱
例句：The people celebrated the liberation of their country with great joy.
人们欣喜若狂地庆祝国家解放。
liberate v. 解放；使摆脱
例句：The army liberated the city from enemy occupation.
军队从敌人的占领下解放了这座城市。
liberated adj. 解放的；不受束缚的
例句：The liberated people began to rebuild their hometown with enthusiasm.
获得解放的人们满怀热情地开始重建家园。
liberating adj. 使人解脱的；令人感到自由的
例句：Traveling alone can be a liberating experience for many people.
独自旅行对很多人来说是一种令人解脱的体验。
disturb v. 打扰，搅乱，使烦恼
例句：Please don't disturb me while I'm working. 我工作的时候请不要打扰我。disturb sb. from sth. 使某人从…… 中分心，打扰某人做某事
例句：Don't disturb him from his studies; he's preparing for the exam
别打扰他学习，他正在备考。
disturbance n. 打扰，干扰；骚乱，动乱；心神不宁
例句：We apologize for any disturbance caused by the repair work.
对于维修工作造成的任何打扰，我们深表歉意。
disturbed adj. 心神不宁的，烦恼的；有精神疾病的
例句：She looked disturbed after reading the letter. 看完信后，她显得心神不宁。
disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的
例句：The disturbing news made everyone in the office feel worried.
这个令人不安的消息让办公室里的每个人都感到担忧。）
skip v. 跳过，不参加，蹦蹦跳跳地走，蹦跳
例句：If you already know this part, you can skip to the next chapter.
如果你已经了解这部分内容，可以直接跳到下一章。
He decided to skip the meeting because he had to take care of his sick
mother.他决定不参加会议，因为他要照顾生病的母亲。）
skip over 略过，跳过（强调快速忽略某部分）
例句：Let's skip over this topic for now and discuss it later.
我们先略过这个话题，稍后再讨论。
skip out on 逃避，缺席（非正式用语，常指逃避责任或义务）
例句：He skipped out on his duties and left all the work to his colleagues.
他逃避自己的职责，把所有工作都留给了同事。
04
Homework
1. Complete the exercises at the end of the class.
2. Preview pages 18 to 21 of Unit 2.
See you in the next class!