Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年科普版英语七年级下册

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名称 Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年科普版英语七年级下册
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更新时间 2026-01-02 12:22:57

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Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
lend /lend/ 借出;给予(帮助) v. lend a hand(帮忙);lend sb. sth.(借给某人某物)
hand /h nd/ 手;帮助 n. 固定搭配lend a helping hand(伸出援手)
volunteer / v l n t (r)/ / vɑ l n t r/ 志愿者;自愿做 n./v. 动词义:volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事)
activity / k t v ti/ 活动;行动 n. 可数名词,复数activities(volunteer activity 志愿活动)
clean /kli n/ 打扫;干净的 v./adj. 动词义:clean up the park(清理公园);形容词义:clean room
snow /sn / /sno / 雪;下雪 n./v. 名词义:heavy snow(大雪);动词义:snow heavily(下大雪)
clear /kl (r)/ /kl r/ 清除;清晰的 v./adj. 动词义:clear the snow(扫雪);形容词义:clear sky
medical / med kl/ 医疗的;医学的 adj. medical services(医疗服务);medical exam(体检)
service / s v s/ / s rv s/ 服务;服务项目 n. 可数名词,public service(公共服务)
race /re s/ 赛跑;竞赛 n./v. 名词义:running race(跑步比赛);动词义:race with sb.
plant /plɑ nt/ /pl nt/ 种植;植物 v./n. 动词义:plant trees(种树);名词义:green plants
neighbor / ne b (r)/ 邻居 n. 美式拼写neighbor,friendly neighbor(友善的邻居)
knock /n k/ /nɑ k/ 敲;敲击声 v./n. 动词义:knock at the door(敲门);名词义:a knock on the window
key /ki / 钥匙;关键 n. 可数名词,a set of keys(一串钥匙)
phone /f n/ /fo n/ 电话;打电话 n./v. 名词义:mobile phone(手机);动词义:phone sb.(给某人打电话)
daughter / d t (r)/ 女儿 n. 可数名词,my cousin’s daughter(我表妹的女儿)
forget /f get/ /f r get/ 忘记;遗忘 v. forget to do sth.(忘记去做某事);forget doing sth.(忘记做过某事)
invite / n va t/ 邀请;招待 v. invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事)
wait /we t/ 等待;等候 v. wait for(等待……);wait a minute(等一下)
kind /ka nd/ 善良的;种类 adj./n. 形容词义:It’s kind of you(你真好);名词义:a kind of fruit
shopping / p / / ɑ p / 购物;买东西 n. do some shopping(购物);go shopping(去购物)
picnic / p kn k/ 野餐;去野餐 n./v. 名词义:have a picnic(野餐);动词义:picnic in the park
community /k mju n ti/ 社区;社群 n. 可数名词,live in a community(住在社区里)
member / memb (r)/ 成员;会员 n. 可数名词,community members(社区成员)
experience / k sp ri ns/ / k sp ri ns/ 经历;经验 n./v. 名词义:unforgettable experience(难忘的经历)
helpful / helpfl/ 有帮助的;乐于助人的 adj. 派生词(help + ful),a helpful neighbor
lonely / l nli/ / lo nli/ 孤独的;偏僻的 adj. 修饰人或地点,lonely old people(孤独的老人)
care /ke (r)/ /ker/ 关心;照顾 v./n. 动词义:care for(照顾);名词义:take care of(照顾)
repair /r pe (r)/ /r per/ 修理;修补 v. repair TV sets(修电视);repair the bike(修自行车)
collect /k lekt/ 收集;募集 v. collect money(筹款);collect books(收集书籍)
raise /re z/ 筹集;举起 v. raise money for(为……筹款);raise one’s hand(举手)
website / websa t/ 网站;网页 n. 可数名词,community website(社区网站)
nursing / n s / / n rs / 护理;看护 n. nursing home(养老院);nursing care(护理服务)
elder / eld (r)/ 长者;长辈 n. 可数名词,respect the elders(尊重长辈)
lady / le di/ 女士;女子 n. 可数名词,复数ladies(a kind lady 善良的女士)
survey / s ve / / s rve / 调查;测量 n./v. 名词义:make a survey(做调查);动词义:survey the area
housing / ha z / 住房;住宅 n. 不可数名词,housing condition(住房条件)
transportation / tr nsp te n/ / tr nsp r te n/ 交通;运输 n. 不可数名词,public transportation(公共交通)
safety / se fti/ 安全;平安 n. 不可数名词,public safety(公共安全)
lighting / la t / 照明;灯光 n. 不可数名词,street lighting(街道照明)
space /spe s/ 空间;空地 n. 不可数名词,green space(绿地);living space(居住空间)
farmer / fɑ m (r)/ / fɑ rm r/ 农民;农夫 n. 可数名词,local farmers(当地农民)
farm /fɑ m/ /fɑ rm/ 农场;务农 n./v. 名词义:a small farm(小农场);动词义:farm the land
goods /ɡ dz/ 商品;货物 n. 复数形式,fresh goods(新鲜商品);daily goods
business / b zn s/ 商业;生意 n. 不可数名词,do business(做生意);business center(商业中心)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
lend a helping hand 伸出援手;帮忙 Everyone should lend a helping hand to those in need.(每个人都应该帮助有需要的人。)
clean up 清理;打扫干净 We cleaned up the park on weekends.(我们周末清理了公园。)
clear the snow 扫雪;清除积雪 The students volunteered to clear the snow on the road.(学生们自愿清扫路上的积雪。)
provide medical services 提供医疗服务 Doctors went to the community to provide medical services.(医生们去社区提供医疗服务。)
take part in 参加;参与 She took part in the tree planting activity.(她参加了植树活动。)
join in 加入;参与(活动) Many people joined in the community running race.(很多人参加了社区跑步比赛。)
knock at/on 敲(门、窗等) Someone knocked at the door when I was reading.(我看书时有人敲门。)
on one’s way 在某人的路上;即将到来 Her daughter is on her way back home.(她女儿正在回家的路上。)
pick up (开车)接人;捡起 He picked up his grandma at the station.(他去车站接奶奶。)
be new to 对……陌生;不熟悉 Everything is new to the family who just moved here.(刚搬来的这家人对一切都很陌生。)
offer help to 向……提供帮助 Everyone in the community offered help to the new neighbors.(社区里每个人都向新邻居提供了帮助。)
chat with 和……聊天;闲谈 We chatted with the elders in the nursing home.(我们和养老院的老人们聊天。)
in one’s own way 以某人自己的方式 They helped the poor in their own way.(他们以自己的方式帮助穷人。)
help out 帮助摆脱困境 He helped out at the community center on weekends.(他周末在社区中心帮忙。)
care for 照顾;照料 We should care for the old and the young.(我们应该照顾老人和小孩。)
raise money for 为……筹款 They raised money for wild animals.(他们为野生动物筹款。)
learn from 向……学习 We should learn from Lei Feng’s spirit of helping others.(我们应该学习雷锋助人为乐的精神。)
make a survey 做调查;进行调查 Our group made a survey of community life.(我们小组做了一份社区生活调查。)
in all 总共;合计 There are 8 items in the survey in all.(调查中共有8个项目。)
deal with 处理;应对 We need to deal with the problem of community safety.(我们需要处理社区安全问题。)
look for 寻找;查找 She looked for volunteer activities on the website.(她在网站上查找志愿活动。)
at last 最后;终于 At last, they finished the community service.(他们终于完成了社区服务。)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
What did you do + 过去时间 你……(过去时间)做了什么? —What did you do the day before yesterday —I joined in a volunteer activity.(—你前天做了什么?—我参加了一个志愿活动。) 询问过去的活动,用一般过去时
Would you like to + 动词原形 你愿意……吗? Would you like to help clean up the park (你愿意帮忙清理公园吗?) 委婉邀请或提议,肯定回答Yes, I’d love to.
Could you + 动词原形 你能……吗? Could you help me repair my bike (你能帮我修自行车吗?) 礼貌请求帮助,语气比Can you更委婉
I’m sorry, but I … 对不起,但是我…… I’m sorry, but I can’t go with you. I need to care for my grandma.(对不起,我不能和你一起去。我需要照顾奶奶。) 委婉拒绝并说明原因
It’s kind of you to + 动词原形. 你……真是太好了。 It’s kind of you to offer help to the new neighbors.(你主动帮助新邻居真是太好了。) 赞美他人的善举,kind修饰人用of
We should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. 我们应该/不应该…… We should respect the elders and care for children.(我们应该尊重长辈,关爱儿童。) 提出建议,强调责任或义务
Let’s + 动词原形. 让我们一起……吧。 Let’s make a survey of community services.(让我们一起做一份社区服务调查吧。) 提议共同行动,语气亲切自然
How did you feel about + 名词/动名词 你对……感觉怎么样? —How did you feel about the volunteer activity —I felt very happy.(—你对这次志愿活动感觉怎么样?—我感到很开心。) 询问过去活动的感受,用一般过去时
Why not + 动词原形 为什么不……呢? Why not join in the community party (为什么不参加社区派对呢?) 提出建议,比Why don’t you更简洁
I plan to + 动词原形. 我计划…… I plan to take a training lesson for volunteers.(我计划参加志愿者培训课。) 表达未来的计划或打算
There are all kinds of + 复数名词. 有各种各样的…… There are all kinds of volunteer activities on the website.(网站上有各种各样的志愿活动。) 描述事物的多样性,all kinds of后接可数名词复数
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