Unit 4 Fun in the Sun! 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
sun /s n/ 太阳;阳光 n. 不可数名词,sunny(形容词,阳光充足的)
fun /f n/ 乐趣;有趣的 n./adj. 名词义:have fun(玩得开心);形容词义:a fun game
season / si zn/ 季;季节 n. 可数名词,复数seasons(four seasons)
spring /spr / 春天;春季 n. 常用搭配in spring(在春天)
summer / s m (r)/ 夏天;夏季 n. 常用搭配in summer(在夏天)
autumn / t m/ 秋天;秋季 n. 美式英语可称fall,in autumn(在秋天)
winter / w nt (r)/ 冬天;冬季 n. 常用搭配in winter(在冬天)
weather / we (r)/ 天气 n. 不可数名词,询问天气用What’s the weather like
hot /h t/ 热的;温度高的 adj. 比较级hotter,最高级hottest
cool /ku l/ 凉爽的;酷的 adj. 可形容天气或人(a cool boy)
cold /k ld/ 寒冷的;冷的 adj./n. 形容词义:cold weather;名词义:have a cold(感冒)
warm /w m/ 温暖的;热心的 adj./v. 形容词义:warm sun;动词义:warm up(热身)
sunny / s ni/ 阳光充足的 adj. 派生词(sun + -y),a sunny day
rainy / re ni/ 阴雨的;多雨的 adj. 派生词(rain + -y),a rainy morning
cloudy / kla di/ 多云的;阴天的 adj. 派生词(cloud + -y),cloudy sky
snowy / sn i/ 下雪的;多雪的 adj. 派生词(snow + -y),snowy winter
dry /dra / 干燥的;干旱的 adj. 反义词wet(潮湿的)
wet /wet/ 潮湿的 adj. 比较级wetter,最高级wettest
rain /re n/ 雨;下雨 n./v. 名词义:heavy rain;动词义:It’s raining.
snow /sn / 雪;下雪 n./v. 名词义:white snow;动词义:It snows in winter.
wind /w nd/ 风 n. 形容词windy(多风的)
sport /sp t/ 体育运动 n. 可数名词,复数sports(play sports)
football / f tb l/ 足球;足球运动 n. 球类运动前不加the(play football)
basketball / bɑ sk tb l/ 篮球;篮球运动 n. 常用搭配play basketball
ping-pong / p p / 乒乓球;乒乓球运动 n. 美式英语可称table tennis
badminton / b dm nt n/ 羽毛球运动 n. 不可数名词,play badminton
baseball / be sb l/ 棒球;棒球运动 n. 可数名词,play baseball
hike /ha k/ 远足;徒步旅行 v./n. 动词义:go hiking(去远足)
picnic / p kn k/ 野餐 n./v. 名词义:have a picnic;动词义:picnic in the park
swim /sw m/ 游泳;游动 v./n. 过去式swam,过去分词swum(go swimming)
ski /ski / 滑雪(运动) v./n. 动词义:ski in the mountains
skate /ske t/ 滑冰;溜冰 v./n. 动词义:skate on the ice
bike /ba k/ 自行车 n. 可数名词,by bike(骑自行车)
ride /ra d/ 骑;驾驶 v. 过去式rode,ride a bike(骑自行车)
walk /w k/ 步行;散步 v./n. 动词义:walk in the park;名词义:take a walk
run /r n/ 跑;跑步 v. 过去式ran,run fast(跑得快)
jump /d mp/ 跳;跳跃 v./n. 动词义:jump high(跳得高)
climb /kla m/ 爬;攀登 v. 常用搭配climb mountains(爬山)
game /ɡe m/ 游戏;运动项目 n. 可数名词,复数games(ball games)
exercise / eks sa z/ 锻炼;练习 n./v. 名词义:do exercise;动词义:exercise every day
health /helθ/ 健康 n. 不可数名词,good health(身体健康)
healthy / helθi/ 健康的 adj. 派生词(health + -y),a healthy lifestyle
phone /f n/ 电话;打电话 n./v. 名词义:make a phone call;动词义:phone sb.
call /k l/ 打电话;称呼 v./n. 动词义:call a friend;名词义:a phone call
invite / n va t/ 邀请 v. 常用搭配invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事)
join /d n/ 加入;参加 v. 后接组织、俱乐部(join the football club)
club /kl b/ 俱乐部;社团 n. 可数名词,复数clubs(sports club)
team /ti m/ 队;组 n. 可数名词,a football team(足球队)
win /w n/ 赢;获胜 v. 过去式won,win the game(赢得比赛)
lose /lu z/ 输;丢失 v. 过去式lost,lose the game(输掉比赛)
friend /frend/ 朋友 n. 可数名词,复数friends(play with friends)
together /t ɡe (r)/ 一起;共同 adv. 常用搭配play together(一起玩)
often / fn/ 经常;常常 adv. 频率副词,位于实义动词前
usually / ju u li/ 通常;惯常 adv. 频率副词,用法同often
sometimes / s mta mz/ 有时;间或 adv. 可位于句首、句中或句末
always / lwe z/ 总是;一直 adv. 频率副词,表经常性动作
never / nev (r)/ 从不;绝不 adv. 频率副词,表否定
today /t de / 今天;当今 adv./n. 副词义:today is sunny;名词义:what a nice today
tomorrow /t m r / 明天 adv./n. 常用搭配tomorrow morning(明天早上)
weekend / wi k end/ 周末 n. 常用搭配on weekends(在周末)
hour / a (r)/ 小时 n. 可数名词,an hour(一小时)
minute / m n t/ 分钟 n. 可数名词,复数minutes(ten minutes)
time /ta m/ 时间;次数 n. 可数/不可数名词,spend time(花费时间)
place /ple s/ 地方;场所 n. 可数名词,a beautiful place(美丽的地方)
outdoor / a td (r)/ 户外的;室外的 adj. 常用搭配outdoor activities(户外活动)
indoors / n d z/ 在室内 adv. 反义词outdoors(在户外)
outdoors / a t d z/ 在户外;在野外 adv. 常用搭配play outdoors
jacket / d k t/ 夹克衫;短上衣 n. 可数名词,a warm jacket
cap /k p/ 帽子;便帽 n. 可数名词,a baseball cap
shorts / rts/ 短裤 n. 复数形式,a pair of shorts(一条短裤)
shoes / u z/ 鞋子 n. 复数形式,sports shoes(运动鞋)
sunglasses / s nɡlɑ s z/ 太阳镜 n. 复数形式,wear sunglasses
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
go hiking 去远足;去徒步旅行 We often go hiking in autumn.(我们经常在秋天去远足。)
have a picnic 野餐 They are having a picnic by the lake.(他们正在湖边野餐。)
go swimming 去游泳 I like to go swimming in summer.(我喜欢在夏天去游泳。)
play football 踢足球 Boys often play football on the playground.(男孩们经常在操场踢足球。)
play basketball 打篮球 He plays basketball with his friends every weekend.(他每周和朋友打篮球。)
play ping-pong 打乒乓球 My grandfather can play ping-pong very well.(我爷爷乒乓球打得很好。)
play badminton 打羽毛球 She often plays badminton after school.(她放学后经常打羽毛球。)
play baseball 打棒球 They play baseball in the park every Sunday.(他们每周日在公园打棒球。)
go skiing 去滑雪 We go skiing in the mountains every winter.(我们每年冬天去山里滑雪。)
go skating 去滑冰 Children like to go skating on the ice.(孩子们喜欢在冰上滑冰。)
ride a bike 骑自行车 He rides a bike to school every day.(他每天骑自行车上学。)
take a walk 散步 My grandparents take a walk after dinner.(我的祖父母晚饭后散步。)
do exercise 做锻炼;做运动 It’s important to do exercise every day.(每天做运动很重要。)
warm up 热身 We should warm up before playing sports.(运动前我们应该热身。)
join the club 加入俱乐部 She wants to join the swimming club.(她想加入游泳俱乐部。)
on weekends 在周末 We have a lot of fun on weekends.(我们周末玩得很开心。)
in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春/夏/秋/冬 Flowers bloom in spring.(花儿在春天开放。)
have fun 玩得开心 They have fun playing games together.(他们一起玩游戏很开心。)
talk on the phone 打电话交谈 She is talking on the phone with her friend.(她正在和朋友打电话。)
be good at 擅长…… He is good at playing football.(他擅长踢足球。)
learn to do sth. 学习做某事 She is learning to swim.(她正在学习游泳。)
ask sb. to do sth. 邀请/要求某人做某事 He asks me to play basketball with him.(他邀请我和他一起打篮球。)
all year long 常年;一年四季 They play baseball all year long.(他们一年四季都打棒球。)
be good for 对……有益 Exercise is good for our health.(运动对我们的健康有益。)
take sth. with sb. 某人携带某物 Take an umbrella with you.(随身带一把伞。)
give up 放弃 Don’t give up easily.(不要轻易放弃。)
in the end 最终;最后 They won the game in the end.(他们最终赢得了比赛。)
play for 为……效力 He plays for the school football team.(他为学校足球队效力。)
with the help of 在……的帮助下 With the help of his teacher, he plays better.(在老师的帮助下,他打得更好了。)
pass sth. to sb. 把某物传递给某人 He passes the ball to his teammate.(他把球传给队友。)
by the lake 在湖边 We have a picnic by the lake.(我们在湖边野餐。)
make turns 转弯;轮流 They make turns to play the game.(他们轮流玩游戏。)
write down 写下;记下 Write down your favorite sport.(写下你最喜欢的运动。)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
What’s the weather like (in...) (……的)天气怎么样? —What’s the weather like in spring —It’s warm and sunny. 同义句How’s the weather (in...)
It’s + 天气形容词. 天气…… It’s hot and rainy in summer.(夏天炎热多雨。) 常用形容词:sunny/cloudy/rainy等
What do you like doing in + 季节 你在……季节喜欢做什么? —What do you like doing in winter —I like skiing. 回答用like + 动名词形式
I like + 动名词/名词. 我喜欢…… I like swimming and playing basketball.(我喜欢游泳和打篮球。) like后接动名词表习惯性爱好
Do you like + 运动/活动 你喜欢……运动/活动吗? —Do you like playing badminton —Yes, I do./No, I don’t. 一般疑问句,主语为第二人称
Why do you like + 季节/运动 你为什么喜欢……季节/运动? —Why do you like autumn —Because it’s cool. 回答用Because引导原因状语从句
How do you usually + 动词原形 + in... 你在……通常怎么……? —How do you usually go hiking —By bike. 询问方式,usually可替换为often等
I usually + 动词原形 + 方式. 我通常……(方式)做…… I usually go swimming with my family.(我通常和家人一起去游泳。) 描述习惯性动作
Would you like to + 动词原形 你想做……吗? Would you like to play football with me (你想和我一起踢足球吗?) 委婉邀请,肯定回答Yes, I’d like to.
Let’s + 动词原形. 让我们一起……吧。 Let’s go for a picnic this weekend.(这个周末我们去野餐吧。) 提出建议,语气亲切
There are many people + 动名词 + 地点. 有很多人在某地做…… There are many people swimming in the pool.(有很多人在泳池游泳。) 现在分词作后置定语,表正在进行
Is it + 天气形容词 + today 今天天气……吗? —Is it cloudy today —Yes, it is./No, it isn’t. 一般疑问句,询问当天天气
What sports do you play 你做什么运动? —What sports do you play —I play ping-pong and basketball. 询问所做的运动项目
How often do you + 动词原形 + 运动 你多久做一次……运动? —How often do you go hiking —Once a month. 询问运动频率,用频度副词回答
I can + 动词原形 + 运动. 我会做……运动。 I can play baseball very well.(我棒球打得很好。) 表示运动能力,can后接动词原形
Can you + 动词原形 + 运动 你会做……运动吗? —Can you ski —Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 询问运动能力,否定回答可委婉拒绝
It’s time to + 动词原形. 到做……的时间了。 It’s time to go swimming.(到去游泳的时间了。) 相当于It’s time for + 名词
We are + 动名词 + 地点. 我们正在某地做…… We are playing football on the playground.(我们正在操场踢足球。) 现在进行时,表正在进行的动作