Unit 3 The art of painting Extended reading 知识点 课件(共22张PPT)-译林版（2019）选择性必修第一册

(共22张PPT)
Unit 3
The art of painting
Qingming Scroll
L3-4. It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
句意：人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。
It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。
同位语，解释说明Bianjing
【仿写】显而易见，展出的那幅画是他最喜欢的作品。
It is obvious that the painting displayed is his favorite one.
L7-9. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near
Bianjing, featuring crop fields, a river winding through the
landscape, and farmers hard at work.
第一部分展现了汴京近郊恬静的乡村生活，重点描绘了农田、
蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。
crop n.庄稼；作物；收成
wind v. (道路、河流等)蜿蜒，迂回
e.g. Highway 99 winds its way along the coast.
99号公路沿着海岸蜿蜒而行。
v. 上发条
e.g. Did you remember to wind the clock
你有没有记得给钟上发条？
v. 缠绕
e.g. The hair is divided into sections and wound around
heated rods.
头发分成一绺绺绕在加热了的小棒上。
L9-10. The second section shows the riverbanks and the central bridge alive with activity as boats sail in and out of Bianjing.
第二部分则展现了熙熙攘攘的河岸和中心桥，往来京城的船只穿梭着。
sail vi. & vt. (乘船)航行
e.g. She always wanted to sail around the world.
她一直想要乘船环游世界。
启航
e.g. We sail at dawn.
我们在黎明时启航。
L12-14. Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including
butchers, hairdressers and government officials, can be seen
going about their daily business.
我们能看到数以百计各行各业的人，肉贩、理发匠、官差，
都在忙着各自的营生。
from all walks of life= from every walk of life 来自各行各业
walk of life: 行业，职业; 社会阶层
e.g. One of the greatest pleasures of this job is meeting people
from all walks of life.
这份工作最大的乐趣之一就是认识来自各行各业的人。
go about: to continue to do sth.; keep busy with sth; be employed in doing sth. 继续做某事，忙于某事
e.g. It was a sunny day and people went about their work as usual.
这是个晴天，人们像平时一样忙着自己的工作。
L14-15. The combination of these three sections gives the viewer an idea of (what life was like for the people of Bianjing).
句意：三部分综合起来，观者便可对当时汴京人的生活状况
有一大致了解。
what引导的名词性从句，作of的宾语，进一步解释idea的内容。
【仿写】
这部有趣的电影让观众对当时的乡村生活有所了解。
The interesting movie gives the audience an idea of what life was like in the countryside at that time.
L16-18. Using ink on silk, he creates realistic images of scenery, buildings and people, and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective.
动词-ing形式作方式状语
连接两个并列谓语creates和displays
mastery n.精通；熟练掌握；控制；驾驭
句意：他施墨于绢，落笔之处，风景、建筑、人物，无不逼真传神，同时展现出对透视法的精髓。
L27-28. However, some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the
painting actually exposes serious political and social problems.
然而，有评论家指出，细心观察，这幅画其实揭露了严重的
政治和社会问题。
expose vt. 揭露，揭穿
e.g. She was exposed as a liar and a fraud.
她说谎和欺骗的面目被揭穿了。
暴露，显露
e.g. He did not want to expose his fears and insecurity to anyone.
他不想把自己的恐惧和不安全感暴露给任何人。
使接触
e.g. Some children are never exposed to classical music.
有些孩子从来没有接触过古典音乐。
【语块积累】
expose oneself by doing sth. 使某事使自己置身危险中
expose sb. to sth. 让某人接触某物
expose…to… 使……暴露于……；使……接触……
expose sb. as sth. 揭露某人为……
exposed adj. 暴露的，无遮掩的
exposure n. 暴露；揭露
L28-30. Some boats carrying food do not seem to belong to the
government, which suggests that the government has lost
control of food supplies and transportation.
which引导定语从句，指代前面整个主句；其中suggests后又跟一个宾语从句。
动词-ing形式作后置定语
句意：有些运粮船看上去不像官船，这意味着官府已失去了对粮食供应和运输的控制。
L33-34. In fact, the Northern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage. 事实上，当时的北宋王朝已经在走下坡路了。
decline n.衰退，衰落，减少，下降
e.g. There has been a 5 percent decline in student numbers.
家庭的规模已有缩小。
vi. & vt. decrease 减少，下降，衰退，衰落
e.g. Spending on information technology has declined.
用于信息技术的支出减少了。
Car sales have declined by a quarter.
汽车销量下滑了四分之一。
【语块积累】
1) fall / go into (a) decline 开始衰退/下降
in decline / on the decline 在下降/衰退
economic decline 经济衰退
2) decline by 下降了……
decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
decline one’s invitation 拒绝某人的邀请
【语境应用】根据汉语提示完成句子。
1) We asked her to attend the reception, but she _________ _______ __________ (谢绝了这个邀请).
2) He _________ _______ ________ _______ ________ (拒绝讨论他的计划) with us.
3) As the economy was _________ _________ (在衰退), some people in the town had lost their jobs.
declined
the invitation
declined to discuss his plan
in decline
L37-38. Its value is down not only to its great scale, artistic quality and attention to detail, but also to its representation of daily life.
它的价值不仅在于画幅宏大，艺术性高，注重细节，更在于其
对日常生活的再现。
be down to: to be the result of one person's actions or one
particular thing 由……引起（或造成）
e.g. Chris's success is all down to him.
Chris的成功完全是他自己努力的结果。
【拓展】be down to sb. 由某人决定，是某人的责任
e.g. It's down to you to check the door.
检查门是否关好是你的事。
L38-40. Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.
其价值之高，以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华
的画家加以临摹。
“such” 提前，采用了倒装语序，用来强调 “its worth”（它
的价值）。
正常语序：
Its worth is such that several later emperors even asked the
most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.
L40-41. Some of these copies are now regarded as precious works of art in their own right.
现在其中一些摹本本身就被视为艺术珍品。
in one’s own right: by virtue of one's own qualifications or
properties 凭自身的资格
e.g. Kate works for a design company but she is also a painter
in her own right.
Kate在一家设计公司工作，但她本身也是一名画家。
L44-46. The last time it was on exhibition, crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes.
上一次展出时，观众为了这个一睹名画真容的难得机遇，不惜排几个小时的队。
(the)last time引导时间状语从句。类似短语连词有：every/each time; the +序数词+time; (the) next time等。
e.g. The first time I saw him, he was studying.
Every time you see him, he is reading a book.
Next time you come here, you must visit me.
L46-48. The public’s continued enthusiasm about the Qingming
Scroll, even after all these centuries, speaks volumes about
the power of this historic piece of art.
过去分词作定语修饰enthusiasm
甚至在几个世纪之后，公众仍对《清明上河图》热情不减，这足以证明这幅历史名画的魅力。
speak volumes about/for:充分说明，清楚表明
e.g. What you wear speaks volumes about you.
你的衣着会清楚地说明你是一个什么样的人。
【辨析】historical & historic
historical：历史上的
a historical event 有历史证据来证明其存在的“历史事件”，而不管其是否重要或著名
e.g. Was King Arthur a real historical figure
亚瑟王是真实的历史人物吗？
historic：历史上重要的，将载入史册的
e.g. October 1st, 1949 is a historic occasion for our country.
1949年10月1日是我国的历史性时刻。