Unit 4 Friends forever词汇课件（共30张） 外研版（2019）必修第一册

(共30张PPT)
Unit 4
Friends forever
—— Words and expressions
prefer
前缀：
“在前，优先”
词根：
“抓，拿，带”
含义：v.更喜欢
preference n. /pre’fr ns/
偏爱,优先权
prefer的用法：
1. prefer...to... 比起...更喜欢...
2. prefer (sb) to do sth 宁愿做某事
3. prefer doing (sth) to doing (sth)
喜欢做...胜过做...；比起...更喜欢...；宁愿...而不愿...
4. prefer that + 从句 (虚拟语气）
【练会】单句语法填空
①Just as the survey shows,most students prefer 　 　 　　(listen) to English songs and watch English movies,accounting for 65% and 5% respectively.
②I’m quite satisfied,and I prefer renting such an apartment to __________(buy) one.
【写美】微写作·背诵
③既然你偏爱中国传统文化,你最好不要错过这个机会。
Now that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　, you had better not miss the chance.
to listen
buying　
you have a preference for traditional Chinese culture
1. I __________ (prefer) reading books to watching TV when I was in middle school.
2. Most of my students prefer __________ (watch) English movies to
improve their listening skills.
3. He prefers to ________ (go) for a run early in the morning rather than in the evening.
5. We prefer that the meeting __________ (hold) as scheduled despite the bad weather.
6. Given a choice between the two jobs, she definitely prefers the one
in Shanghai __________ the one in Beijing.
preferred
watchig
go
be held
to
advance
前缀：朝前
词根：前，往前
含义：
n. 进步，进展
v. 前进，促进，提高
派生词：
advanced adj. 高级的，先进的
advancement n. 促进，发展，提升
advancer n. 促进者
advance的用法：
advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/物前进
in advance 预先;事先
in advance of (时间上)提前于……
make advances/an advance in 在……方面取得进步
advance knowledge/ understanding 提高认知/深入了解
翻译下列句子：
1. 如果你提前订票，就会更便宜。
.
2. 伽利略（Galileo)的观点在他生活的年代是非常超前的。
.
It is cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.
Galileo’s ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived.
【练会】单句语法填空/写出advance的词性和词义
①It is our hope that in the coming decades,　　　　　　(advance) in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives.
②Many students were amazed by the 　　　　　　(advance) technology employed by the farm.
③We can,instead,use this idea to advance scientific knowledge.　 　
advances　
advanced　
v.促进
【写美】微写作·背诵
④如果您能提前确认您的到来,我将不胜感激。(应用文之邀请信)
I’d appreciate it if you could 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　.
confirm your coming in advance
1. She is taking an ___________ (advance) course in calculus this semester.
2. Please inform us ________ advance if you cannot attend the meeting.
3. The ____________(advance) of technology has dramatically changed our way of life.
4. You need an __________ (advance) level of English to understand these classic novels.
5. The general commanded his troops to _________(advance) on the
enemy's position at dawn.
advanced　
in　
advance　
advanced　
advance　
significant
词根：标记，标志
后缀：
表示人（执行，代理）；
具有...的性质的
含义：
adj. 重要的，显著的
significance n. 重要性，意义
insignificant adj. 微不足道的
significantly adv. 重大地，显著地
用法：
be significant to= be of significance to 对...来说很重要
attach significant to... 重视；认为...很重要
Why it is significant that ... 为什么...如此重要？
“重要的” 其他表达方法
1. important adj. 重要的 = be of importance
play an important part / role 在...中起重要作用
2. vital adj. 对...重要的，必不可少的
be vital for / to 对...极其重要的
It is vital that ... 做...极其重要的
3. crucial adj. 关键性的；至关重要的
play an crucial part / role 在...中起重要作用
4. critical adj. 极重要的；关键的；批判性的
be critical to 对...至关重要
5. essential adj. 至关重要的；基本的
be essential to / for... 对...必不可少
It is essential to do sth 做某事是必要的
6. fundamental adj. 必不可少的；基本的
be fundemental to 对...至关重要
The research team made a (1) ___________ (significance)
breakthrough in their study on climate change. They found that
deforestation plays a (2) __________ (significance) role in rising
global temperatures. The data showed a (3) __________ (significance) correlation between the loss of forests and the increase in carbon
dioxide levels. (4) ___________ (significance), this effect was even
more pronounced in tropical regions. However, the impact of
smaller-scale logging was considered (5) ___________ (significance)
compared to large-scale clearance. The team's findings highlight the
(6) __________ (significant) of protecting our planet's forests.
significant
significant
significant
Significantly
insignificant
significance
tend
含义：倾向于；往往会；
照顾，护理
tendency n. 倾向；趋势
tender adj. 温柔的；幼稚的
v. 提供，偿还；使...变柔软
用法：
tend to do sth
倾向于做某事
tend (to）sb / sth
照料/照看某人/某物
have a tendency to do sth
趋向于做某事；喜欢做某事
tend toward sth 倾向于
易混淆：
trend n./ v. 趋势，趋向；动向
（强调客观的、宏观的趋势或走向，常与市场、时尚等大范畴相关。）
tend 侧重于人的行为或事物的特性倾向。
【练会】单句语法填空/写出tend的词性和词义
①I still remember when I failed in maths exams and even tended __________　　(give) it up,you inspired me to keep on.
②Last October,while tending her garden,she pulled out a handful of small carrots.　　　　　
to give
v. 照管
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③我们倾向于通过锻炼来恢复精神,从而有效地学习。
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　through workout, leading to studying effectively.(tend)
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　through workout, leading to studying effectively.(tendency)
tend to get refreshed
have a tendency to get refreshed
My grandmother (1) _________ to spoil me when I was a child. She
always (2) ________ to buy me toys and sweets. I think grandparents
generally have a (3) __________ to be more lenient with their
grandchildren than they were with their own children. My grandmother also loved gardening. Every morning, she would (4) __________ her
plants with great care. She had a (5) __________ for growing
beautiful orchids. Now that I'm an adult, I find I (6) _________to agree with her opinions on life and family more and more.
用tend的正确形式以及固定搭配填空
tended
tend
tendncy
tend
tendency
tend
inspire
前缀：in- :使...
词根：spir 呼吸
含义：启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞
拓展词汇：
inspiring adj. 令人振奋
inspired adj. 受到启发的
inspiration n. 灵感;激励
inspire用法：
be inspired by 受...启发
inspire sb to sth 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with / inspire sth in sb
用...激励某人，使某人产生...（情感）
draw inspiration from... 从...中获得灵感
a source of inspiration 灵感的来源
1.The coach gave an __________ speech that motivated the team to
win the championship.
2. Many young scientists draw __________ from the work of Marie Curie.
3.The teacher's dedication __________ her students to work harder than they ever had before.
4.We need a leader who can __________ people to follow him and believe in his vision.
用inspire的正确形式或其派生词填空。
inspiring
inspiration
inspired
inspire
passion
词根：
to feel,to suffer:
感受，受折磨
后缀：-ion
构成名词，表动作、状态等
n. 热情，激情；热衷的爱好
passionate adj. 热情的
impassioned adj. 充满激情的；感激的
with great passion 满怀激情地
be passionate about sth
热爱某事的，对某事有激情的
1. He spoke with learning, humour, and .
2. She has a great for classical music and spends hours listening to it every day.
3. He is about envieonmental protection.
4. In his speech, the leader spoke about the future of our community.
5. The artist painted with such that everyone who saw his work was deeply moved.
用passion的正确形式或其派生词填空。
passion
passion
passionate
passionately
passion
词根：anx：折磨
anxious
形容词后缀：
-ous：充满...的，具有...的特性
含义：焦虑的；渴望的
派生词汇：
anxiety n. 焦虑，渴望
ansiously adv. 焦虑地，不安地
be anxious about/for
为...担忧
be anxious to do
渴望做某事
anxious for sb to do
希望某人做某事
with anxiety 焦虑地
近义词：
worried adj. 担心的；焦虑的
concerned adj. 关切的；担忧的
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
【练会】单句语法填空
①Hearing that you are anxious 　　　　how to adapt to the new school life,I am writing to offer you some practical suggestions.
②I am anxious 　　　　(urge) the world to do everything possible to help those in need.
about　
to urge
③看到他焦虑地站在那里,我感到很难过,决定和他说点什么。(读后续写之心理描写)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　,I felt sad,deciding to talk something with him.(anxiously)
→　　　　　　　 　　 　　　,I felt sad,deciding to talk something with him.(anxiety)
Seeing him standing there anxiously
Seeing him standing there with anxiety
1. Parents are naturally for their children.
2. She is anxious her job interview tomorrow.
3.His to succeed sometimes holds him back.
4. We waited _________ for the doctor to come out of the operating room.
5.Her voice was full of ________ when she called.
单句语法填空，用anxious的正确形式填空
anxious
about/for
anxiety
anxiously
anxiety
综合填空（选择最合适的词：anxious, anxiously, anxiety,）
The week before the championship was filled with (1) ___________
for the young athlete. She was eager to win, but also
(2) __________ about the possibility of failure. Her family supported
her (3) ___________, trying to ease her nerves. On the day of the
event, she was more eger than nervous, just wanting the race to
begin. She looked at the clock (4) __________, counting down the
minutes.
anxiety
anxious
anxiously
anxiously
ashamed
前缀：a-:表加强，没有；不能；分离
词根：shame:感到羞愧
后缀：
-ed：已...的；被...的
adj. 感到不好意思的，难为情的
用法：
be ashamed of 为...感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth 因做某事而羞愧
be ashamed that... 对...感到羞愧
It’s ashamed that... 真遗憾...
辨析：ashamed & shameful
ashamed：感到不好意思的，难为情的
为自己或他人的行为感到害臊，重点是感到羞耻。
shameful: 可耻的，不体面的
重点是“行为本身很丢人”
记忆方法：
ashamed：心里害臊，脸上挂不住
shameful：行为丢人，社会性死亡
【练会】单句语法填空
①She was ashamed 　　　　　　(face) the people who had come to welcome her right at the airport.
②We are often ashamed 　　　　　our shortcomings,our mistakes and our failures.
【写美】微写作·背诵
③一阵悲伤和羞愧吞噬了我,我的心都碎了。(读后续写之情绪描写)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I was heartbroken.
④他羞愧难当,感觉脸在燃烧。(读后续写之情绪描写)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 he could feel his face burning.(倒装)
to face
of
A burst of sadness and shame consuming me
So ashamed was he that
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.With the help of the 　　　　　　technology,we can complete the task in
　　　　　　.(advance)
2.There is a growing 　　　　　　for people to return to the hometown to start their business.The middle-aged 　　　　　　to do that.(tend)
3.When talking about my son’s reading 　　　　　　,I think he _________　　　　　　science books.(prefer)
4.According to the latest survey,more and more graduates are __________　　　　　　about their future jobs.The increasing 　　　　　　may lead to diseases.(anxious)
语境应用
advanced
advance　
tendency
tend　
preference
prefers　
anxious
anxiety　
9.As a 　　　　　　and determined teenager,he can do what he desires with
　　　　　　.(patient)
10.　　　　　　,he was 　　　　　　enough to receive a large ________　　　　　　　　from his uncle who is warm-hearted and generous.(fortune)
patient
patience　
Fortunately
fortunate
fortune