专题二
9招巧“完形”快“填空”
2025全国一、二卷完形填空均为记叙文,且文章都不难理解 高考完形填空以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主,近三年来没有考查说明文或议论文。
试练真题·品考向
2025·全国二卷 体裁:记叙文 主题语境:人与自我——完善自我
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 1 seven years ago after having a 2 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 3 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 4 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle, before discovering a 6 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 7 lover has not only managed to 8 an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 10 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 11 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 12 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ... the 13 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 14 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 15 for many social media users.
1.A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
2.A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
3.A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
4.A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
5.A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
6.A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
7.A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
8.A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
9.A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
10.A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
11.A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
12.A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
13.A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
14.A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
15.A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
好技法·巧索解
技法1 研读首句定主题
有主题词/ 主线意识 完形填空多为故事类记叙文,而线索常在首段就出现。主题句也多在首段首句或尾段,且该主题句中的主题词贯穿全文,可能会以原词、同义词、近义词、概括词及同范畴词等形式复现。
读首段首句找准故事主线和主题句,依据主线和主题词锁定正确答案。
1. I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements all my life. 引入主旨, 主题词: motivated, demotivated, achievements→下文围绕主题词展开
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ① a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running
② , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ③ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I ④ it! Between the girl making my ⑤ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ⑥
I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷片段)
①A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
②A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
③A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
④A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
⑤A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
⑥A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
技法2 上下求索找呼应
上下求索 设空处与一个句子内的其他部分、前后几个句之间,甚至段落之间,常在语义上衔接呼应。
瞻前顾后,上下求索,把握住大大小小的呼应,快速确定正确答案。
2. When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ____________, Italy was the clear winner.
... After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how (warm-hearted) Italians are. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷片段)
A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
3. On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ① the course earlier than she did. Her ② came because she was carrying a ③ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ④ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She (stopped) to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷片段)
①A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
②A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
③A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
④A. race B. school C. town D. training
技法3 话题统领重关联
话题意识 完形填空语篇围绕同一主题展开,语篇中同时存在围绕同一话题的句群或段落,正确选项在情感、动作和逻辑等方面有连贯性和一致性。如2024新课标Ⅱ卷第二段围绕“意大利人的善良”,第三段则围绕“意大利的饮食文化”展开。
注意字里行间都是暗示,正确选项与全文话题或段落话题相关,兼顾语境和情感色彩。
4. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ① quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ② , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ③ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ④ . These meals are always ⑤ by laughter and joy. Whatever ⑥ life in Italy might have, the problems are ⑦ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷片段)
①A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
②A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
③A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
④A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
⑤A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
⑥A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
⑦A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
技法4 行文逻辑看标志
衔接意识 句子内部、句与句之间及段落之间起衔接作用的标志词承上启下,提示答题线索。
标志词
5. “But it’s also a great ① , for it can sometimes take days to (organize) a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only ② for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” (2025·浙江高考1月片段)
①A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
②A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
6. ... But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ① because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, (shiny) things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ② , we thought. But we were ③ his kindness, so we (tried) them.(2023·全国甲卷片段)
①A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
②A. more B. good C. new D. easy
③A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
技法5 词语复现定答案
复现 词语复现的常见情况:原词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、概述词复现、同范畴词复现等。
关注上下文,寻找词语复现,尤其是与全文或段落话题相关的词汇。
7. Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s ① . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ② to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes (strangers) into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro (charges) 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for ③ her hobby of buying food, (trying out) new recipes and holding dinner parties. (2025·浙江高考1月片段)
①A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching
②A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
③A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing
技法6 褒贬词汇话外音
褒贬语境 完形填空中选用的特定的褒义词或贬义词表达了作者的感情、观点和态度。
勿按照自己的内心妄加联系,而应站在作者的角度体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义,感作者所感。
8. My childhood is quite ① compared with hers. I am ② that I did not need to (go through) the hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of (education). I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to (talk) to: her stories always make my history textbooks (come alive). (2024·全国甲卷片段)
①A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar
②A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful
技法7 相似句式/结构找规律
规律 相同/类似的句式/结构所表达的内容一般在方向和感彩上保持一致,利用该特征可帮助解题。
9. To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she (knew) best. She had to ① her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ② to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to (ride) waves on her board. (2023·全国乙卷片段)
①A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
②A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
Gabby Douglas had to leave everything ... She had to ... She had to say ... 三个句式相同, 第一句描述Gabby Douglas不得不离开自己所熟悉的一切。后面两个句子所表达的内容在感彩和方向上与第一个句子一致。
技法8 借助搭配巧变通
结合语境 完形填空中常考查固定搭配的使用和相似形式的固定搭配。
结合语境辨别搭配,并注意所填词与空前空后词语的搭配。
10. It would have been easy to ① my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, (multi-skilled), and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he (showed) me just how much one can gain from (travelling) with an open mind, and a willingness to ② with locals from all walks of life. (2024·浙江高考1月片段)
①A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
②A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
技法9 多增见识快解题
常识经验 完形填空的语篇中常渗透各种背景知识和常识。
根据风俗习惯、文化历史等方面的常识和具体语境,仔细判断,确定正确答案。
11. It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ① , and as close as possible to where they were ② . What Mario had (given) us was the taste of the Garfagnana. (2023·全国甲卷片段)
①A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
②A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
抢分必备·微练
猜测阅读障碍词的能力 (2025全国二卷完形+9个技法对应片段)
重点词 pursue vt. ①___________ appetite n. ②___________
派生词/ 合成词 bore+-dom→boredom n. ③___________ follow+-ing→following n. ④___________
de-+motivate→demotivate vt. ⑤___________ work+out→workout n. ⑥___________
语块 ride waves ⑦___________ wake-up call ⑧___________
be down to ⑨___________ engage with ⑩___________
文本再开发
1.语法填空
Evelyn Donohue is ①________________ 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after ②________________ (have) a wake-up call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which ③________________ (ultimate) led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she ④________________ (know) that she needed to make a change. ⑤________________ (determine) to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a ⑥________________ (health) lifestyle, before discovering a passion ⑦________________ weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the ⑧________________ (fit) lover has not only managed to grow an ⑨________________ (impress) set of muscles—⑩________________ also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma 11________________ (regular) posts workout content, ________________ (explain) there’s no reason others can’t look this good.
2.仿写 (仿效上面加黑体部分写应用文“活动收获”句)这个活动不仅改善了我们的身心健康,还激励我们参与更多户外活动。
专题二
试练真题·品考向
本文主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶健身成功,改善了自己的生活方式和健康状况,并成为励志榜样,激励他人坚持运动的故事。
1.C 上下求索+词汇复现法。下文提到“began to work out”(开始锻炼)和weightlifting(举重),此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。exercise “锻炼”与work out是同义词复现。write “写作”; travel “旅行”; recover “康复;痊愈;恢复常态”。
2.D 上下求索法。下文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”(与饮食失调和健康问题抗争)+下文“knew that she needed to make a 4 ”(需要改变),说明饮食失调和健康问题导致的手术对Ms Donohue来说是一个警醒(wake-up call),促使她做出改变。wake-up call “让人警醒的事;叫早电话”。goodwill “友善;友好;善意”; timeout “超时;暂停”; long-distance “长途的;远程的”。
3.B 上下求索法。根据前半句中的“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知,多年来Ms Donohue都在与健康问题抗争,这些积年累月的健康问题,最终(ultimately)导致她做了手术。故选B。normally “通常”; ultimately “最终”; suddenly “突然”; automatically “自动地”。
4.A 上下求索法。下文提到她决定改变人生“Determined to turn her life around”,由此可知,在这次经历后,她意识到自己需要做出改变(change)。make a change “改变”,是“turn her life around”(改变人生)的同义表达。make a fortune “赚大钱”; make a wish “许愿”; make a deal “达成协议”。
5.D 上下求索法。上文提到她决定改变人生开始锻炼,由此可知,她开始遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式,且与上文“eating disorders”(饮食失调)形成对比。risky “有风险的”; traditional “传统的”; comfortable “舒适的”; healthy “健康的”。
6.C 上下求索+感情褒贬法。 由前半句的“began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle”和下一段中的“an impressive set of muscles”这些积极信息可知,Ms Donohue先是开始健身,保持健康生活,而后锻炼出了令人赞叹的肌肉线条,可见她对举重的热爱(passion)。a passion for sth.意为“对……的热爱/酷爱”。 passion “激情,酷爱”; demand “要求”; secret “秘密”; cure “疗法;药物”。
7.B 话题统领法。全文围绕健身展开,结合上文的“work out”“a passion for weightlifting”和下文的“workout content” 可推出Ms Donohue 是健身爱好者(fitness lover)。peace “和平”; fitness “健壮;健康”; fun “开心;乐趣”; nature “自然”。
8.A 生活常识法。由第一段最后一句中的“began to work out”和“discovering a passion for weightlifting”结合常识可知,健身举重可以增肌。grow muscles “增长肌肉”是健身术语。故选A。grow “(使)生长,发育;扩大;扩展;增加”; control “控制”; activate “激活”; relax “放松”。
9.C 根据第一、二段可知,Ms Donohue已年过60,尚且还能坚持锻炼并练出肌肉,改变自己, 因此其他人没理由(reason)练不出这样的好身材。故选C。need “需要”; choice “选择”; reason “理由”; difference “差异”。
提示:注意此处是双重否定结构:no+can’t = 肯定含义
10.D 上下求索法。根据本句中的Hold on、never give up和“Stick to your plan”可知,Ms Donohue将失败视为成功的垫脚石,坚持不放弃。故选D。green light “绿灯”; road block “路障”; passing mark “及格分”; stepping stone “踏脚石;垫脚石;敲门砖”。
11.A 上下求索法。下文“Lift others up”(激励他人)是对此处的具体解释,故此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。help “帮助”; consult “咨询”; follow “遵循”; forgive “原谅;宽恕”。
12.B 上下求索法。上文提到这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容,这种社交媒体行为本身就是分享成功。由此可知,成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。accept “接受;认可”; share “分享”; expect “期待”; celebrate “庆祝”。
13.A 在倒数第二段的末尾,她认为锻炼的“目标”(goal)是感觉良好,而非看起来好看,与上文提到的“开始锻炼保持健康的生活方式”的健康理念一致。 goal “目标”; case “具体情况;事例;实例”; duty “责任”; cost “成本”。
14.D 上下求索+感情褒贬法。上文提到她曾被嘲笑年龄太大不适合锻炼(be laughed at for being too old to work out),嘲笑者即质疑其能力的人。be laughed at和doubter(质疑者;持怀疑态度的人)均属消极词汇。instructor “教练;导师”; admirer “爱慕者;钦佩者”; beginner “新手;初学者”。
15.C 上文提到老奶奶改变人生(turn her life around),开始健身(work out),保持健康的生活方式(healthy lifestyle), 发健身内容鼓励他人(no reason others can’t look this good),提倡激励他人(lift others up),分享成功准则(shared success),且在社交媒体有一大批追随者(a huge following on social media),由此可知,老奶奶成为他人的励志榜样。authority “当权者”; excuse “借口”; inspiration “灵感;启发灵感的人(或事物);使人产生动机的人(或事物)”; option “可选择的事物;选择;选项”。
积累
重点词 weightlifting n.举重
派生词/ 合成词 ①(follow+-ing) following n.拥护者,追随者 ②(well+like+-d) well-liked adj.深受喜爱的 ③(dis-+order) disorder n.失调;紊乱;疾病 ④(work+out) workout n.锻炼
语块 ①struggle with与……抗争 ②lead sb. to sth.致使某人遭遇某事 ③(be) determined to do sth.决心做某事 ④turn ... around使……好转/有起色 ⑤set out出发,启程 ⑥be down to由……引起/造成 ⑦hold on坚持住,挺住;(电话用语)别挂断,等一下 ⑧stick to坚持 ⑨lift ... up使提升;激励
好技法·巧索解
1.该片段的主题是“被他人成就激励与失去动力”(motivated and demotivated by other folks’ achievements),这是一个关于社会比较(social comparison)的心理现象:当看到他人成就时,可能最初被激励(motivated),但当他人的成就远超自己时,反而感到挫败,失去动力(demotivated)。该片段主线清晰:朋友成就(跑马拉松)激励“我”行动 → 他人更大成就(双马拉松训练)让“我”感到渺小 → 负面体验(无聊和挫败)导致彻底放弃。
①C 主题是“被他人成就激励”,朋友的行为应该是正面成就(如赢得比赛)才能产生激励效果。win “赢得”; know “知道”; quit “退出;放弃”; hold “举办”。
②A “我”被激励(Feeling motivated),开始跑步。regularly(经常;定期地;有规律地)展示激励的积极结果(经常跑步),为转折埋下伏笔:当他人更大的成就出现时,会受挫放弃。silently(无声地;默默地)或proudly(自豪地;骄傲地)侧重方式,recently(最近)强调时间,均与被激励无关。
③D 此处是“我”动力丧失的关键转折点。女孩的目标是“超级”双马拉松(52.4英里),远超“我”的15英里,让“我”的成就显得渺小。 train(训练),表示“为赛事训练”,体现女孩主动为赛事准备的过程。 ask “要求”; look “看”; wait “等待”。
词类活用 train n. 火车;列车 vt. 训练;培训;接受训练;教育;培养……的能力(或素质)
④C 下文提到慢跑无比无聊(pure boredom of jogging)和“我”放弃跑步的决定(I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me),都暗示“我”跑完15英里后,体验应是负面的。 hate(极不喜欢;厌恶)强调负面体验(无聊和痛苦),与“他人成就带来的渺小感”叠加,解释失去动力(demotivated)的根本原因。make “制造;使得”; believe “相信”; deserve “应该得到;值得”。
⑤B 女孩的52.4英里的双马拉松比赛训练让“我”最长的15英里慢跑显得微不足道。结合首段中“other folks’ achievements”可知,女孩的成就让“我”的成就显得渺小,导致“我”失去动力(demotivated)。 achievement “成就”为原词复现。advantage “优势”; contribution “贡献”; influence “影响”。
⑥D “我”解释未来跑步的唯一条件(被狗追时逃命),这应是一个“原因或理由”。用reason自嘲地强化主题——他人成就让“我”失去动力(feel demotivated by other folks’ achievements)。way “方式”或place “地方” 不符合逻辑(跑步方式或地点不依赖条件),risk “风险”与幽默逃命场景无关。
积累
派生词 ①motivate vt.激励→(反)demotivate vt.使失去动力;使变得消极→motivated adj.有积极性的→demotivated adj.失去动力的 ②bore vt.使厌烦→boredom [ b d m] n.无聊;厌倦
语块 与跑步相关:①win a marathon race在一场马拉松比赛中获胜 ②run after追着……跑
2.D 上文提到“我”决定在欧洲买房(decided to buy a house in Europe),这表明其目标是长期居住或定居,而非短期行为(如旅行或租房)。下文明确提到“使意大利成为我的永久家园”(made Italy my permanent home),进一步证实了“我”选择在意大利定居。settle “定居”; study “学习”; rent “租赁”; visit “拜访;访问”。
3.①D 首句点明事件:越野赛跑(cross-country race),参赛者的目标是完成赛程。design “设计”; follow“跟随”; change “改变”; finish “完成”。
②A 上文“should have finished earlier”(本应更早完成)暗示时间延误。下文原因句“because she was carrying ...”(因背负他人)直接解释延误原因。且“earlier than she did”(实际更晚)与delay为反义词复现。delay “延迟;拖延;耽搁;延误”; chance “机会,可能性”; trouble “问题;忧虑;困难;苦恼”; excuse “借口;理由;辩解”。
③D 上文点明故事发生背景:越野赛跑,下文提到另一赛跑者在前面哭泣(a runner in front of her began crying)和其他赛跑者(fellow runner),此处应为同范畴词复现: runner →competitor(参赛者),排除其他无关身份,如judge “法官;裁判员”; volunteer “志愿者”。
④A 上文明确事件发生场景:越野赛(cross-country race),空前提到Bailey已跑了赛程的三分之二(two-thirds of the way),故A项正确。 race “比赛”,为原词复现。 training “训练”。
4.本段话题为:意大利饮食不仅是味觉体验,更是情感纽带:食物是家庭团聚的载体(Sunday meals、 birthdays)、文化传承:食谱代代相传(recipes passed down)和精神治愈:美食消解生活压力(problems are forgotten at the table)三方面的体现。
①C 由前文的“As a foodie”(吃货)+“the way to my heart is through my stomach”(抓住心先抓住胃),和该段中心“意大利饮食”相关的是“食欲;胃口”(appetite)。其他选项如ambition “雄心;志向;夙愿”; success “成功”; growth “发育;成长;增长”与“吃货”身份及美食体验不符。
熟词生僻义 fuel 熟义:n. 燃料 生僻义:vt. 给……提供燃料;增加;加强;刺激
②B 下文提到意大利人每家都有自己的家族食谱(every family keeps a recipe), dish (菜肴)与饮食话题相关。costume “服装”; dish “菜肴”; symbol “象征;符号”; tale “故事”。“traditional ”后接“every family keeps a recipe”(家族食谱)→传统菜肴(dish)是食谱的产物。
③A 下文提到意大利人的周日大聚餐(big meals on Sundays)和生日大餐,及该片段最后的“a big meal with friends and family”的前提都是gather (聚集)。cheer “欢呼”; leave “离开”; wait “等待”。
④C 意大利人热爱聚餐,因此会随便找个借口聚餐。故选C。 put up with “忍受”; stand up for “支持”; come up with “想出”; make up for “弥补”。
⑤D 上文提到意大利人总能想到借口聚餐,下文提到聚餐会忘掉烦恼,由此可知,意大利人聚餐总是伴随着欢声笑语。故选D。 signal “示意;标志”; confirm “确认;证实”; represent “代表”; accompany “伴随”。固定搭配 be accompanied by 意为“伴随”。
⑥A 该句是由Whatever引导的让步状语从句,主句提到“the problems are ⑦ ”(问题被遗忘),由此推出从句应用消极词与problems呼应,指在意大利的生活有不如意之处。故选A。disadvantage “不利因素;障碍;不便之处”; meaning “含义;意义”; surprise “惊喜”(积极词汇,不符合转折逻辑); opportunity “机会”。
⑦B 上文提到意大利人聚餐总是伴随着欢声笑语,这暗示饮食文化真谛:和亲朋好友聚餐(sit down to a big meal)的治愈力能使烦恼被遗忘(forgotten)。create “创造”; forget “忘记;遗忘”; understand “理解”; identify “识别”。
5.①D 逻辑关系是“结果——原因”。句中的for是连词,表“因为;由于”,故空处需与“组织活动耗时”构成因果关系,所以这也是一个挑战(challenge)。challenge “挑战”; lesson “经验;教训”; pleasure “高兴;快乐;乐事”; success “成功”。
②B 并列逻辑:“not only ... but also”表示并列关系。强调平台的适用范围:不仅为专业厨师预留(professional cooks),但也开放给想体验新事物的人(those willing to discover new experiences)。空处需与for搭配,表示平台 “被预留”给某群体。be reserved for “为……保留/预留”。 select “选择”; reserve “保留;预留”; evaluate “评估”; request “请求”。
6.①A 根据下文中的“because they were so misshapen”可以推测, Mario送来了一些奇形怪状的西红柿,这让作者很担忧。worried “担心的”; moved “感动的”; thrilled “非常兴奋的,极为激动的”; bored “厌烦的”。
②B 根据上文对西红柿的描述及“the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it”可知, These指西红柿和酒,作者觉得这些东西的质量也好不到哪里去。
③B 由转折词But和空后的“his kindness”可知,作者感激Mario的善意。be sympathetic to “对……表示同情”; be thankful for “对……表示感激”; be cautious about “对……谨慎”; be interested in “对……感兴趣”。
7.①C 同范畴词复现:下文关键线索 “dinner parties”(晚餐聚会)“three-course meal”(三道菜) “buying food”(购买食材) “new recipes”(新食谱)均属于烹饪范畴, 而cooking是唯一能统领这些动作的核心词。reading “阅读”; traveling “旅行”; teaching“教学”。
②A 原词复现:下文的“her hobby of buying food ...”与空处“put her ② to good use”为原词复现,明确指代hobby。近义词复现:上文的“healthy addiction”(健康的嗜好)暗示她的爱好是烹饪。addiction是hobby的近义表达(均指热衷的爱好)。
③A 同范畴词复现:“buying food”(购买食材) “holding dinner parties”(举办晚宴)均属于追求烹饪爱好的具体行为范畴,与pursue呼应。“trying out new recipes”(尝试新食谱)是 pursuing 的具体动作复现,体现爱好的实践过程。pursue “追求;致力于”; choose “选择”; discuss “讨论”; change “改变”。
8.①C 根据下文“I did not need to (go through) the hardships like she did”可知,作者的童年与祖母的童年相比要快乐。故选C。difficult “困难的”; complex “复杂的”; happy “快乐的”; similar “相似的”。
②A 根据上文描述可知,祖母经历了许多艰难困苦,作者庆幸自己不需要经历这些。故选A。 grateful “感激的”; surprised “惊讶的”; convinced “确信的”; regretful “后悔的”。
地道语块 ①go through 经历 ②come alive 引起兴趣;生动起来;兴致勃勃;有精神起来
9.①B take up “拿起”; pack up “打行李;收拾行装”; clean up “清理”; do up “包起来”。在这个语境中,Gabby需要“收拾”(pack up)她的卧室,故选B。
②A 她不得不对她的两只狗和她喜欢冲浪的海滩说再见。say goodbye to “告别;离开;与……告别”; say hello to “向……问好”; say thanks to “向……道谢”; say no to “拒绝”。
地道语块 ride waves 冲浪
10.①B 根据下文的“... this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知,这是位公路建设者,从未出过远门,所以作者很容易依靠自己的假设(刻板印象)对他进行判断。故选B。look into “调查”; rely on “依靠”; go over “复习”; deal with “处理”。
②D 在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。 cooperate with “与……合作”; side with “支持某人;和某人站在一起”; negotiate with “与……谈判/磋商/协商”; engage with “与……建立密切关系;尽力理解”。故选D。
积累
派生词 ①(admire+-able)→admirable [ dm r bl] adj.可钦佩的;值得赞赏的;令人羡慕的 ②(assume+-ption)assumption [ s mp n] n.假定;假设 ③(inform+-ed)informed [ n f md] adj.有学问的;有见识的 ④(multi-+skill+-ed)multi-skilled adj.有多种技能的
语块 ①in the course of在……的过程中 ②from all walks of life来自各行各业 ③with an open mind虚心地;怀着开放的心态
11.①C 根据前文的“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”和常识可知,食物在应季食用,当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C。on view “在展出”; on sale “出售,折价销售”; in season “当令的”; in need “贫困的,困难中的”。
②D 根据前文的“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知,此处指吃附近种植的食物最好。根据where结合常识,应是在靠近它们种植的地方。finish “完成”; store “贮存”; find “找到”; grow “种植;生长;成长”。
抢分必备·微练
猜测阅读障碍词的能力
①追求;致力于 ②食欲;胃口 ③无聊;厌倦 ④拥护者,追随者 ⑤使失去动力;使变得消极 ⑥锻炼 ⑦冲浪 ⑧让人警醒的事;叫早电话 ⑨由……引起/造成 ⑩与……建立密切关系;尽力理解
文本再开发
1.①a ②having ③ultimately ④knew ⑤Determined ⑥healthy ⑦for ⑧fitness ⑨impressive ⑩but regularly explaining
2.This activity not only improved both our physical and mental health but also inspired us to participate in more outdoor activities.(共83张PPT)
专题二
9招巧“完形”快“填空”
2025全国一、二卷完形填空均为记叙文，且文章都不难理解 高考完形填空以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，近三年来没有考查说明文或议论文。
2025·全国二卷 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——完善自我
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 1 seven years ago after having a 2 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 3 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 4 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle, before discovering a 6 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 7 lover has not only managed to 8 an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on： Consider failure as a 10 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan，” she said. “ 11 others： Lift others up on
your journey. Success is sweeter when 12 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ... the 13 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 14 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 15 for many social media users.
本文主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶健身成功，改善了自己的生活方式和健康状况，并成为励志榜样，激励他人坚持运动的故事。
1.A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
2.A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
3.A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
4.A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
5.A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
6.A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
7.A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
8.A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
9.A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
10.A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
11.A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
12.A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
13.A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
14.A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
15.A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
1.C 上下求索+词汇复现法。下文提到“began to work out”(开始锻炼)和weightlifting(举重)，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。exercise “锻炼”与work out是同义词复现。write “写作”； travel “旅行”； recover “康复；痊愈；恢复常态”。
答案与解析
2.D 上下求索法。下文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”(与饮食失调和健康问题抗争)+下文“knew that she needed to make a 4 ”(需要改变)，说明饮食失调和健康问题导致的手术对Ms Donohue来说是一个警醒(wake-up call)，促使她 做出改变。wake-up call “让人警醒的事；叫早电话”。goodwill “友善；友好；善意”； timeout “超时；暂停”； long-distance “长途 的；远程的”。
答案与解析
3.B 上下求索法。根据前半句中的“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知，多年来Ms Donohue都在与健康问题抗争，这些积年累月的健康问题，最终(ultimately)导致她做了手术。故选B。normally “通常”； ultimately “最终”； suddenly “突然”； automatically “自动地”。
答案与解析
4.A 上下求索法。下文提到她决定改变人生“Determined to turn her life around”，由此可知，在这次经历后，她意识到自己需要做出改变(change)。make a change “改变”，是“turn her life around”(改变人生)的同义表达。make a fortune “赚大钱”； make a wish “许 愿”； make a deal “达成协议”。
答案与解析
5.D 上下求索法。上文提到她决定改变人生开始锻炼，由此可 知，她开始遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式，且与上文“eating disorders”(饮食失调)形成对比。risky “有风险的”； traditional “传统的”； comfortable “舒适的”； healthy “健康的”。
答案与解析
6.C 上下求索+感情褒贬法。 由前半句的“began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle”和下一段中的“an impressive set of muscles”这些积极信息可知，Ms Donohue先是开始健身，保持健康生活，而后锻炼出了令人赞叹的肌肉线条，可见她对举重的 热爱(passion)。a passion for sth.意为“对……的热爱/酷爱”。 passion “激情，酷爱”； demand “要求”； secret “秘密”； cure “疗法；药物”。
答案与解析
7.B 话题统领法。全文围绕健身展开，结合上文的“work out”“a passion for weightlifting”和下文的“workout content” 可推出Ms Donohue 是健身爱好者(fitness lover)。peace “和平”； fitness “健 壮；健康”； fun “开心；乐趣”； nature “自然”。
答案与解析
8.A 生活常识法。由第一段最后一句中的“began to work out”和“discovering a passion for weightlifting”结合常识可知，健身举重 可以增肌。grow muscles “增长肌肉”是健身术语。故选A。grow
“(使)生长，发育；扩大；扩展；增加”； control “控制”； activate “激活”； relax “放松”。
答案与解析
9.C 根据第一、二段可知，Ms Donohue已年过60，尚且还能坚持锻炼并练出肌肉，改变自己, 因此其他人没理由(reason)练不出 这样的好身材。故选C。need “需要”； choice “选择”； reason “理由”； difference “差异”。
提示：注意此处是双重否定结构：no+can’t = 肯定含义
答案与解析
10.D 上下求索法。根据本句中的Hold on、never give up和“Stick to your plan”可知，Ms Donohue将失败视为成功的垫脚石，坚持不放弃。故选D。green light “绿灯”； road block “路障”； passing mark “及格分”； stepping stone “踏脚石；垫脚石；敲门砖”。
11.A 上下求索法。下文“Lift others up”(激励他人)是对此处的具体解释，故此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。help “帮助”； consult “咨询”； follow “遵循”； forgive “原谅；宽恕”。
答案与解析
12.B 上下求索法。上文提到这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，这种社交媒体行为本身就是分享成功。由此可知，成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。accept “接受；认可”； share “分享”； expect “期待”； celebrate “庆祝”。
13.A 在倒数第二段的末尾，她认为锻炼的“目标”(goal)是感觉良好，而非看起来好看，与上文提到的“开始锻炼保持健康的生活 方式”的健康理念一致。 goal “目标”； case “具体情况；事例；实例”； duty “责任”； cost “成本”。
答案与解析
14.D 上下求索+感情褒贬法。上文提到她曾被嘲笑年龄太大不适合锻炼(be laughed at for being too old to work out)，嘲笑者即质 疑其能力的人。be laughed at和doubter(质疑者；持怀疑态度的人)均属消极词汇。instructor “教练；导师”； admirer “爱慕者；钦佩者”； beginner “新手；初学者”。
答案与解析
15.C 上文提到老奶奶改变人生(turn her life around)，开始健身(work out)，保持健康的生活方式(healthy lifestyle), 发健身内容鼓励他人(no reason others can’t look this good)，提倡激励他人(lift others up)，分享成功准则(shared success)，且在社交媒体有一大批追随者(a huge following on social media)，由此可知，老奶奶成为他人的励志榜样。authority “当权者”； excuse “借口”； inspiration “灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)；使人产生动机的人(或事物)”； option “可选择的事物；选择；选项”。
答案与解析
积累
重点词 weightlifting n.举重
派生词/ 合成词 ①(follow+-ing) following n.拥护者，追随者 ②(well+like+-d) well-liked adj.深受喜爱的 ③(dis-+order) disorder n.失调；紊乱；疾病 ④(work+out) workout n.锻炼
语块 ①struggle with与……抗争 ②lead sb. to sth.致使某人遭遇某事 ③(be) determined to do sth.决心做某事 ④turn ... around使……好转/有起色 ⑤set out出发，启程 ⑥be down to由……引起/造成 ⑦hold on坚持住，挺住；(电话用语)别挂断，等一下 ⑧stick to坚持 ⑨lift ... up使提升；激励
技法1
研读首句定主题
有主题词/ 主线意识 完形填空多为故事类记叙文，而线索常在首段就出现。主题句也多在首段首句或尾段，且该主题句中的主题词贯穿全文，可能会以原词、同义词、近义词、概括词及同范畴词等形式复现。
读首段首句找准故事主线和主题句，依据主线和主题词锁定正确答案。
1. I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements all my life. 引入主旨, 主题词： motivated, demotivated,
achievements→下文围绕主题词展开
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ① a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ② , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ③ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I ④ it! Between the girl making my ⑤ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,
I decided that the only ⑥ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷片段)
①A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
②A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
③A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
④A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
⑤A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
⑥A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
该片段的主题是“被他人成就激励与失去动力”(motivated and demotivated by other folks’ achievements)，这是一个关于社会比较(social comparison)的心理现象：当看到他人成就时，可能最初被激励(motivated)，但当他人的成就远超自己时，反而感到挫败，失去动力(demotivated)。该片段主线清晰：朋友成就(跑马拉松)激励“我”行动 → 他人更大成就(双马拉松训练)让“我”感到渺小 → 负面体验(无聊和挫败)导致彻底放弃。
①C 主题是“被他人成就激励”，朋友的行为应该是正面成就(如赢得比赛)才能产生激励效果。win “赢得”； know “知道”； quit “退出；放弃”； hold “举办”。
②A “我”被激励(Feeling motivated)，开始跑步。regularly(经常；定期地；有规律地)展示激励的积极结果(经常跑步)，为转折埋下伏笔：当他人更大的成就出现时，会受挫放弃。silently(无声地；默默地)或proudly(自豪地；骄傲地)侧重方式，recently(最近)强调时间，均与被激励无关。
答案与解析
③D 此处是“我”动力丧失的关键转折点。女孩的目标是“超级”双马拉松(52.4英里)，远超“我”的15英里，让“我”的成就显得渺小。 train(训练)，表示“为赛事训练”，体现女孩主动为赛事准备的过 程。 ask “要求”； look “看”； wait “等待”。
词类活用 train n. 火车；列车 vt. 训练；培训；接受训练；教 育；培养……的能力(或素质)
答案与解析
④C 下文提到慢跑无比无聊(pure boredom of jogging)和“我”放弃跑步的决定(I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me)，都暗示“我”跑完15英里后，体验应是负面的。 hate(极不喜欢；厌恶)强调负面体验(无聊和痛苦)，与“他人成就带来的渺小感”叠 加，解释失去动力(demotivated)的根本原因。make “制造；使 得”； believe “相信”； deserve “应该得到；值得”。
答案与解析
⑤B 女孩的52.4英里的双马拉松比赛训练让“我”最长的15英里慢跑显得微不足道。结合首段中“other folks’ achievements”可知,女孩的成就让“我”的成就显得渺小，导致“我”失去动力(demotivated)。 achievement “成就”为原词复现。advantage “优势”； contribution
“贡献”； influence “影响”。
答案与解析
⑥D “我”解释未来跑步的唯一条件(被狗追时逃命)，这应是一个“原因或理由”。用reason自嘲地强化主题——他人成就让“我”失去动力(feel demotivated by other folks’ achievements)。way “方式”或place “地方” 不符合逻辑(跑步方式或地点不依赖条件)，risk “风 险”与幽默逃命场景无关。
答案与解析
积累
派生词 ①motivate vt.激励→(反)demotivate vt.使失去动力；使变得消极→motivated adj.有积极性的→demotivated adj.失去动力的 ②bore vt.使厌烦→boredom [ b d m] n.无聊；厌倦
语块 与跑步相关：①win a marathon race在一场马拉松比赛中获胜 ②run after追着……跑
技法2
上下求索找呼应
上下 求索 设空处与一个句子内的其他部分、前后几个句之间，甚至段落之间，常在语义上衔接呼应。
瞻前顾后，上下求索，把握住大大小小的呼应，快速确定正确答案。
2. When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ____________, Italy was the clear winner.
... After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how (warm-hearted) Italians are. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷片段)
A. study B. rent
C. visit D. settle
D 上文提到“我”决定在欧洲买房(decided to buy a house in Europe)，这表明其目标是长期居住或定居，而非短期行为(如旅行或租房)。下文明确提到“使意大利成为我的永久家园”(made Italy my permanent home)，进一步证实了“我”选择在意大利定居。settle “定居”； study “学习”； rent “租赁”； visit “拜访；访问”。
答案与解析
3. On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ① the course earlier than she did. Her ② came because she was carrying a ③ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ④ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She (stopped) to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷片段)
①A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
②A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
③A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
④A. race B. school C. town D. training
①D 首句点明事件：越野赛跑(cross-country race)，参赛者的目标是完成赛程。design “设计”； follow“跟随”； change “改变”； finish “完成”。
②A 上文“should have finished earlier”(本应更早完成)暗示时间延误。下文原因句“because she was carrying ...”(因背负他人)直接解释延误原因。且“earlier than she did”(实际更晚)与delay为反义词复现。delay “延迟；拖延；耽搁；延误”; chance “机会，可能性”； trouble “问题; 忧虑；困难；苦恼”； excuse “借口；理由；辩解”。
答案与解析
③D 上文点明故事发生背景：越野赛跑，下文提到另一赛跑者在前面哭泣(a runner in front of her began crying)和其他赛跑者(fellow runner)，此处应为同范畴词复现： runner →competitor(参赛者)，排除其他无关身份，如judge “法官；裁判员”； volunteer “志愿者”。
④A 上文明确事件发生场景：越野赛(cross-country race)，空前提到Bailey已跑了赛程的三分之二(two-thirds of the way)，故A项正确。 race “比赛”，为原词复现。 training “训练”。
答案与解析
技法3
话题统领重关联
话题意识 完形填空语篇围绕同一主题展开，语篇中同时存在围绕同一话题的句群或段落，正确选项在情感、动作和逻辑等方面有连贯性和一致性。如2024新课标Ⅱ卷第二段围绕“意大利人的善良”，第三段则围绕“意大利的饮食文化”展开。
注意字里行间都是暗示，正确选项与全文话题或段落话题相关，兼顾语境和情感色彩。
4. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ① quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ② , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ③ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ④ . These meals are always ⑤ by laughter and joy. Whatever ⑥ life in Italy might have, the problems are ⑦ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷片段)
①A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
②A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
③A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
④A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
⑤A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
⑥A. disadvantages B. meanings
C. surprises D. opportunities
⑦A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
本段话题为：意大利饮食不仅是味觉体验，更是情感纽带：食物是家庭团聚的载体(Sunday meals、 birthdays)、文化传承：食谱代代相传(recipes passed down)和精神治愈：美食消解生活压力(problems are forgotten at the table)三方面的体现。
①C 由前文的“As a foodie”(吃货)+“the way to my heart is through my stomach”(抓住心先抓住胃)，和该段中心“意大利饮食”相关的是“食欲；胃口”(appetite)。其他选项如ambition “雄心；志向；夙愿”； success “成功”； growth “发育；成长；增长”与“吃货”身份及美食体验不符。
熟词生僻义 fuel 熟义：n. 燃料 生僻义：vt. 给……提供燃料；增加；加强；刺激
答案与解析
②B 下文提到意大利人每家都有自己的家族食谱(every family keeps a recipe), dish (菜肴)与饮食话题相关。costume “服装”； dish “菜肴”； symbol “象征；符号”； tale “故事”。“traditional ”后接“every family keeps a recipe”(家族食谱)→传统菜肴(dish)是食谱的产物。
③A 下文提到意大利人的周日大聚餐(big meals on Sundays)和生日大餐，及该片段最后的“a big meal with friends and family”的前提都是gather (聚集)。cheer “欢呼”； leave “离开”； wait “等待”。
答案与解析
④C 意大利人热爱聚餐，因此会随便找个借口聚餐。故选C。 put up with “忍受”； stand up for “支持”； come up with “想出”； make up for “弥补”。
⑤D 上文提到意大利人总能想到借口聚餐，下文提到聚餐会 忘掉烦恼，由此可知，意大利人聚餐总是伴随着欢声笑语。故 选D。 signal “示意；标志”； confirm “确认；证实”； represent “代表”； accompany “伴随”。固定搭配 be accompanied by 意为“伴随”。
答案与解析
⑥A 该句是由Whatever引导的让步状语从句，主句提到“the problems are ⑦ ”(问题被遗忘)，由此推出从句应用消极词与problems呼应，指在意大利的生活有不如意之处。故选A。disadvantage “不利因素；障碍；不便之处”； meaning “含义；意义”； surprise “惊喜”(积极词汇，不符合转折逻辑)； opportunity “机会”。
答案与解析
⑦B 上文提到意大利人聚餐总是伴随着欢声笑语，这暗示饮食文化真谛：和亲朋好友聚餐(sit down to a big meal)的治愈力能使烦恼被遗忘(forgotten)。create “创造”； forget “忘记；遗忘”； understand “理解”； identify “识别”。
答案与解析
技法4
行文逻辑看标志
衔接意识 句子内部、句与句之间及段落之间起衔接作用的标志词承上启下，提示答题线索。
5. “But it’s also a great ① , for it can sometimes take days to (organize) a single event，” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only ② for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” (2025·浙江高考1月片段)
①A. lesson B. pleasure
C. success D. challenge
②A. selected B. reserved
C. evaluated D. requested
①D 逻辑关系是“结果——原因”。句中的for是连词，表“因为；由于”，故空处需与“组织活动耗时”构成因果关系，所以这也是一个挑战(challenge)。challenge “挑战”； lesson “经验；教训”； pleasure “高兴；快乐；乐事”； success “成功”。
答案与解析
②B 并列逻辑：“not only ... but also”表示并列关系。强调平台的适用范围：不仅为专业厨师预留(professional cooks)，但也开放给想体验新事物的人(those willing to discover new experiences)。空处需与for搭配，表示平台 “被预留”给某群体。be reserved for “为……保留/预留”。 select “选择”； reserve “保留；预留”； evaluate “评估”； request “请求”。
答案与解析
6. ... But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ① because they were so misshapen： not at all like the nice, round, (shiny) things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ② , we thought. But we were ③ his kindness, so we (tried) them.(2023·全国甲卷片段)
①A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
②A. more B. good C. new D. easy
③A. sympathetic to B. thankful for
C. cautious about D. interested in
①A 根据下文中的“because they were so misshapen”可以推 测, Mario送来了一些奇形怪状的西红柿，这让作者很担忧。worried “担心的”； moved “感动的”； thrilled “非常兴奋的，极为激动的”； bored “厌烦的”。
②B 根据上文对西红柿的描述及“the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it”可知, These指西红柿和酒，作者觉得这些东西的质量也好不到哪里去。
答案与解析
③B 由转折词But和空后的“his kindness”可知，作者感激Mario的善意。be sympathetic to “对……表示同情”； be thankful for “对……表示感激”； be cautious about “对……谨慎”； be interested in “对……感兴趣”。
答案与解析
技法5
词语复现定答案
复现 词语复现的常见情况：原词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、概述词复现、同范畴词复现等。
关注上下文，寻找词语复现，尤其是与全文或段落话题相关的词汇。
7. Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s ① . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ② to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes (strangers) into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro (charges) 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for ③ her hobby of buying food, (trying out) new recipes and holding dinner parties. (2025·浙江高考1月片段)
①A. reading B. traveling
C. cooking D. teaching
②A. hobby B. energy
C. education D. money
③A. pursuing B. choosing
C. discussing D. changing
①C 同范畴词复现：下文关键线索 “dinner parties”(晚餐聚会) “three-course meal”(三道菜) “buying food”(购买食材) “new recipes”
(新食谱)均属于烹饪范畴, 而cooking是唯一能统领这些动作的核心词。reading “阅读”； traveling “旅行”； teaching“教学”。
②A 原词复现：下文的“her hobby of buying food ...”与空处“put her ② to good use”为原词复现，明确指代hobby。近义词复 现：上文的“healthy addiction”(健康的嗜好)暗示她的爱好是烹饪。addiction是hobby的近义表达(均指热衷的爱好)。
答案与解析
③A 同范畴词复现：“buying food”(购买食材) “holding dinner parties”(举办晚宴)均属于追求烹饪爱好的具体行为范畴，与pursue呼应。“trying out new recipes”(尝试新食谱)是 pursuing 的具体动作复现，体现爱好的实践过程。pursue “追求；致力于”； choose “选择”； discuss “讨论”； change “改变”。
答案与解析
技法6
褒贬词汇话外音
褒贬 语境 完形填空中选用的特定的褒义词或贬义词表达了作者的感情、观点和态度。
勿按照自己的内心妄加联系，而应站在作者的角度体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义，感作者所感。
8. My childhood is quite ① compared with hers. I am ② that I did not need to (go through) the hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of (education). I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to (talk) to： her stories always make my history textbooks (come alive). (2024·全国甲卷片段)
①A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar
②A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful
①C 根据下文“I did not need to (go through) the hardships like she did”可知，作者的童年与祖母的童年相比要快乐。故选C。difficult “困难的”； complex “复杂的”； happy “快乐的”； similar “相似 的”。
答案与解析
②A 根据上文描述可知，祖母经历了许多艰难困苦，作者庆幸自己不需要经历这些。故选A。 grateful “感激的”； surprised “惊讶的”； convinced “确信的”； regretful “后悔的”。
地道语块 ①go through 经历 ②come alive 引起兴趣；生动起 来；兴致勃勃；有精神起来
答案与解析
技法7
相似句式/结构找规律
规律 相同/类似的句式/结构所表达的内容一般在方向和感彩上保持一致，利用该特征可帮助解题。
9. To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she (knew) best. She had to ① her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ② to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to (ride) waves on her board. (2023·全国乙卷片段)
①A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
②A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
Gabby Douglas had to leave everything ... She had to ... She had to say ... 三个句式相同, 第一句描述Gabby Douglas不得不离开自己所熟悉的一切。后面两个句子所表达的内容在感彩和方向上与第一个句子一致。
①B take up “拿起”； pack up “打行李；收拾行装”； clean up “清理”； do up “包起来”。在这个语境中，Gabby需要“收拾”(pack up)她的卧室，故选B。
②A 她不得不对她的两只狗和她喜欢冲浪的海滩说再见。say goodbye to “告别；离开；与……告别”； say hello to “向……问
好”； say thanks to “向……道谢”； say no to “拒绝”。
地道语块 ride waves 冲浪
答案与解析
技法8
借助搭配巧变通
结合 语境 完形填空中常考查固定搭配的使用和相似形式的固定搭配。
结合语境辨别搭配，并注意所填词与空前空后词语的搭配。
10. It would have been easy to ① my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, (multi-skilled), and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he (showed) me just how much one can gain from (travelling) with an open mind, and a willingness to ② with locals from all walks of life. (2024·浙江高考1月片段)
①A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
②A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
①B 根据下文的“... this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，这是位公路建设者，从未出过远门，所以作者很容易依靠自己的假设(刻板印象)对他进行判断。故选B。look into “调查”； rely on “依靠”； go over “复 习”； deal with “处理”。
答案与解析
②D 在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅 行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收 获。 cooperate with “与……合作”； side with “支持某人；和某人站在一起”； negotiate with “与……谈判/磋商/协商”； engage with “与……建立密切关系；尽力理解”。故选D。
答案与解析
积累
派生词 ①(admire+-able)→admirable [ dm r bl] adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的 ②(assume+-ption)assumption [ s mp n] n.假定；假设 ③(inform+-ed)informed
[ n f md] adj.有学问的；有见识的
④(multi-+skill+-ed)multi-skilled adj.有多种技能的
语块 ①in the course of在……的过程中 ②from all walks of life来自各行各业 ③with an open mind虚心地；怀着开放的心态
技法9
多增见识快解题
常识经验 完形填空的语篇中常渗透各种背景知识和常识。
根据风俗习惯、文化历史等方面的常识和具体语境，仔细判断，确定正确答案。
11. It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ① , and as close as possible to where they were ② . What Mario had (given) us was the taste of the Garfagnana. (2023·全国甲卷片段)
①A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
②A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
①C 根据前文的“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”和常识可知，食物在应季食用，当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。 故选C。on view “在展出”； on sale “出售，折价销售”； in season “当令的”； in need “贫困的，困难中的”。
②D 根据前文的“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处指吃附近种植的食物最好。根据where结合常 识，应是在靠近它们种植的地方。finish “完成”； store “贮存”； find “找到”； grow “种植；生长；成长”。
答案与解析
猜测阅读障碍词的能力 (2025全国二卷完形+9个技法对应片段)
重点词 pursue vt. ①_________ ______________ appetite n. ②___________
派生词/ 合成词 bore+-dom→ boredom n. ③_________ ______________ follow+-ing →Following n. ④___________
______________
de-+motivate →demotivate vt. ⑤_________ ______________ work+out→workout n. ⑥___________
追求；致力于
食欲；胃口
无聊；厌倦
拥护者，追随者
使失去动力；使变得消极
锻炼
语块 ride waves ⑦_________ wake-up call ⑧______________
________________
be down to ⑨______________ ________________ engage with ⑩______________
________________
冲浪
让人警醒的事；叫早电话
由……引起/造成
与……建立密切关系；尽力理解
文本再开发
1.语法填空
Evelyn Donohue is ①____ 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after ②_________ (have) a wake-up call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which
③__________ (ultimate) led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she ④_______ (know) that she needed to make a change. ⑤___________ (determine) to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a ⑥____________ (health) lifestyle, before discovering a passion
a
having
ultimately
knew
Determined
healthy
⑦____ weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the ⑧________ (fit) lover has not only managed to grow an ⑨____________ (impress) set of muscles—⑩______ also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma _____________ (regular) posts workout content,
____________ (explain) there’s no reason others can’t look this good.
for
fitness
impressive
but
regularly
explaining
2.仿写 (仿效上面加黑体部分写应用文“活动收获”句)这个活动不仅改善了我们的身心健康，还激励我们参与更多户外活动。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This activity not only improved both our physical and mental health but also inspired us to participate in more outdoor activities.
