热点三 小词不可忽视——冠词、代词、介词(短语)和动词短语
高考命题新角度4 语法填空非常规命题 ①生僻短语;②固定结构倍数表达句型中的冠词;③with复合结构中的with;④it的用法和不定代词。
会析句·善解题
分析句子成分,找空前空后核心词,考虑固定用法和搭配
What should be done with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with ① (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ② all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote ③ idea at the completion of their journey. Their promotional work paid ④ . Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became ⑤ first national park in the United States and the world. (2024·全国甲卷改编)
图解细析学解题
What should be done with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ② all people of the nation to enjoy—as a
空后是名词,空处用介词,结合句意“为全国人民”,考虑具体介词
national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote ③ idea at the completion of their journey.
特指上文提到的“必须作为国家公园保护好”的想法
Their promotional work paid ④ . Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone
考虑句意,为动词短语,确定搭配
became ⑤ first national park in the United States and the world.
空后是序数词,表“第一”
考频:含介词的固定搭配3年4考>对介词基本意义的掌握3年1考
定冠词3年3考>代词3年2考>不定冠词3年1考
①总结常考介词的用法,尤其是同一介词的不同用法;积累介词(短语)和动词短语。
②锁定“____________+(形容词+)名词”模式, 当“(形容词+)名词”前缺少限定词时,要考虑填冠词;同时多积累含冠词的固定搭配。
③人称代词变物主代词、反身代词、主格变宾格是高频考点,注意牢记含it的固定搭配和句式。
热考法·巧应对
考法1 考查介词(短语)和动词短语——根据固定搭配解题
A组 3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月 1.A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent ____________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. (2025·全国一卷) 2.Nothing in my life before prepared me ____________ this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.(2025·全国二卷) 3.The Glasshouse stands ____________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 4.I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ____________ Romeo and Juliet. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 5.There you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumplings and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed ____________ hand rather than rolled. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 6.Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead ____________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. (2025·浙江高考1月) B组 全国甲/乙卷/自主命题卷 7.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ____________ saving their environment. (2023·全国甲卷) 8.From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. (2023·全国乙卷) 1.判断空后是否有谓语,确定填介词 ①______+名词/代词/动名词/what从句,作状语、定语或补语,则该空填介词,空后的部分作它的宾语。 ②动词+介词(固定搭配)。 2.记牢一词多义的情况 (1)for:①(表示去向)往;向,如leave/set off for“动身去……”;②为得到,为获取;③表一段时间,如for two years“两年”;④因为,由于;⑤就……而言。 (2)in: ①in+一段时间,用于将来时;②in+表示“方式/语言/材料”的名词,表“以……方式/用……语言/材料”;③表方向,朝,向,如in the direction。 (3)by+交通工具/通信工具,也可表方式,如by car/train/air/sea/letter/email/phone/hand。 (4)with:①带有,具有;②用,以(with+具体工具);③和……在一起;④因为,由于;⑤伴随;随着(with复合结构)。 (5)beyond:①在或向……较远的一边;②晚于;迟于;③超出;非……所能及;④除……之外 (6)as用作介词,意为“作为”,常用于一些动词之后;work as“从事……工作”;serve as“可用作……”; act as“担任;充当……”; regard/see/view/think of/look on ... as ...“认为……是……” 3.根据句式和搭配填介词 ①与动词搭配:如mistake ... for ...“把……误认为……”;devote/dedicate ... to ...“致力于……”。 ②与名词或代词搭配:如(a) lack of“缺乏……”; on one’s own/by oneself“靠自己”。 ③与形容词搭配:如be absent from“缺席”; be busy with“忙于”。
考法2 考查冠词——基本用法是解题关键
A组 3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月 9.Go is one of ____________ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. (2025·全国一卷) 10.Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____________ first time. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 11.Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. (2024·浙江高考1月) 12.The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 13.Not the pandas, even though ____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 14.Covering an area about three times ____________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. (新高考Ⅰ卷) 15.The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of ____________ new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.(2025·浙江高考1月) 16.____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. (浙江高考) B组 全国甲/乙卷/自主命题卷 17.____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.(全国甲卷) 1.2个口诀巧判断用a/an还是the ①用the:特指双熟悉,上文已提及。世上独无二,专有名词或西洋乐器前,序数最高级。 ②用a/an:泛指一类人或物,与one同义,表“一”;和序数词一起表“又一,再一”,元音音素前用an,辅音音素前用a。 2.5种可能填冠词的情况 填不定冠词的情况: ①____________+单数可数名词 ②____________+形容词+单数可数名词 填定冠词的情况: ①____________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表特指) ②____________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表特指) ③____________(+定语)+名词+不定式/分词短语(表特指) 3.据固定搭配或用法确定冠词 ①动词(catch/take/hit等)+sb.+介词+the+身体部位。 ②at a loss“不知所措”; a waste of ...“浪费……”;have a look/take a walk“看一看/去散步”; a touch of“少许”等固定搭配。 ③a+比较级(+名词),表“一个更……的人或物”。 ④抽象名词具体化的名词(可概括为:惊、乐、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美)surprise、pleasure、pity、pride、comfort、danger、help、success、failure、beauty,表具体的意义“一个……”时,其前应加a或an。
考法3 考查代词——根据所作成分转换代词或根据指代对象或句式填写代词
A组 3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月 18.Over time, I’ve found ____________ (I) feeling extremely at home here. (2025·全国二卷) 除……以外(adv.) 19.Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ____________ (they) contents. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 20.As the song goes, this long and winding road“will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). (新高考Ⅰ卷) 21.Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____________ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well. (2024·浙江高考1月) B组 全国甲/乙卷/自主命题卷 22.Young Enterprise makes ____________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations.(2023·上海高考1月) 厘清成分、人称,对号入座定“格” 当句中缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时,一般填代词。 ①作主语:人称代词主格(I、we、you、he、she、they、it)、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词。 ②动词/介词+代词作宾语:人称代词宾格(me、us、you、him、her、them、it)、名词性物主代词(ours、mine、yours、his、hers、theirs、its)、不定代词。 ③作表语:人称代词宾格、不定代词或名词性物主代词。 ④作定语:形容词性物主代词(our、my、your、his、her、their、its)。 ⑤作宾语、表语或同位语且与主语指同一个(些)人或物:反身代词(myself、ourselves、yourself、yourselves、himself、herself、itself、themselves),同时注意数的变化。 固定用法和搭配 ①填it的情况:a.作形式主语或形式宾语;b.指代前面提到的同一种事物或情况; c.固定搭配,如make it“成功;按时到达”; get it“理解,明白”; give it a try“试一试”。 ②反身代词的搭配,如in itself“本身”,to oneself“独自享有的”。
细析句子成分,找空前空后核心词,考虑固定用法和搭配
Exercise 1 The New York Times
More young people were turning away ① the hypercompetitive work culture found in the country’s megacities, preferring a more chill life in Chengdu, which has earned the reputation ② being “China’s happiest city”.
③ appeal of Chengdu, an ancient city with a history dating back more than 2,300 years, reflects a budding disillusionment (醒悟) among young people who see an economy that is no longer creating the opportunities it once did for their parents. Also, Chengdu is home ④ hundreds of giant pandas. The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding attracted more than 12.2 million visitors last year, according to Chinese state media.
①________________ ②________________ ③________________ ④________________
Exercise 2 Newsweek
I think Finns benefit from not spending lots of time over-worrying. What I mean by this is that, as a society, we place ① huge amount of value in trust.
② example is our flexible working practices. As a leader, I am trusted to do my job, and I trust employees to do ③ (their) in a way that suits them best. Managers are encouraged to think how they can serve their team members to deliver their best. Consequently, others and I are less worried about what other people are doing. It’s a culture where I can focus on how I can do my job ④ the best of my ability.
This freedom and trust go ⑤ the workplace, too. Say you leave your wallet on the bus—in Finland, it’s almost guaranteed that you’ll get it back. This was put to ⑥ test in 2022, when an ⑦ (honest) test conducted in Helsinki found 11 out of 12 wallets were returned to the owner.
①________________ ②________________ ③________________ ④________________ ⑤________________ ⑥________________
⑦________________
热点三
会析句·善解题
①its 考查代词。空处修饰名词beauty,应用形容词性物主代词its,表“它的”。
②for 考查介词。句意:……必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。介词for表目的,表“为了全国人民都能欣赏”。
③the 考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“必须作为国家公园保护好”的想法, 故填定冠词the。
④off 考查动词短语。此处指取得回报, 是动词短语pay off。
⑤the 考查冠词。此处指美国以及世界上第一个国家公园, 故填定冠词the。
热考法·巧应对
1.by 句意:一位有风度的围棋赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手,以表示对对手的尊重。 此处指“以一到两分的优势”, beat by “以……程度战胜”。 by+具体数值,表示程度、数量,如reduce/increase by “降低了/增加了……”。
2.for 根据语境“我过去的生活从未让我为现在的生活做好准备”,结合固定搭配prepare sb. for sth. “使某人为……做好准备”可知,此处填for。
3.as 固定短语stand as表示“作为”。stand for 意为“支持,主张,代表(某种观点或态度)”,与上下文的句意不符。
4.to 考查介词。句意:我恰好知道汤显祖的《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。此处为固定短语be similar to,表“与……相似”。
5.by by hand“用手工”,是固定搭配。故填by。
6.on/upon focus on/upon是固定搭配,意为“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”。
7.for take responsibility for “对……负责”,是固定短语。
8.to from ... to ... “从……到……”,是固定搭配。
9.the 空后的形容词最高级earliest修饰名词binary-based games,当最高级后有修饰的名词时,最高级前应用定冠词the。
10.the 考查冠词。句意:……通过古代丝绸之路第一次为英国带来了丝绸和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。
11.the 句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
12.a a touch of “少许,微量”,是固定搭配。句意:肉应该新鲜,带着一丝甜味;汤汁要热、清澈且美味。注意:and后面的并列分句承前省略了should be。
13.the 空后为可数名词单数language,因此,空处考虑用冠词,根据language后的“used for the medical training instructions”可知,此处表特指,故填定冠词the。
14.the 此处是倍数表达法,倍数+the size of ... “是……几倍大”,且此处特指黄石公园的大小,应用定冠词the。
15.a 可数名词way在句中表“一种方式”,表泛指,且new发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。
16.The 此处意为“林肯一家”。根据设空后的Lincolns可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表夫妇俩或一家人。设空处位于句首,首字母要大写,故填The。
17.A 此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词, friend以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a,空处位于句首,所填词首字母应大写。故填A。
18.myself 本空作found的宾语,指代主语I,表“我自己”,应用反身代词myself。动词found后接反身代词myself,构成“find oneself doing”结构,表“不知不觉处于某种状态”。
19.their 此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语,修饰空后的名词contents,表“不会使包子开裂,或者溢出包子馅”。
20.mine 根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor’s memory”可知,本句does指代前一句的stick,本句缺少宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。
21.ones 句意:谁知道呢,也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸,并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”,在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。
22.it 句意:Young Enterprise规定,顾问必须来自多元化的商业职业背景。分析句子结构可知,空处作形式宾语,真正的宾语是“that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations”。make it a rule that ... “规定……”。
外刊原味小练
Exercise 1
①from 考查动词短语。此处是动词短语turn sb. away from “把某人拒之门外;不准某人进入”,故填介词from。
②of 考查介词。此处指“……的名声”,应用介词of。 earn the reputation of “赢得……的名声”。
③The 考查冠词。此处特指成都的魅力,且空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填定冠词The。
④to 考查介词。be home to “是……所在地”。
Exercise 2
文章作者提出芬兰人积极的心态和信任可以促进幸福感。
①a 考查冠词。a huge amount of “许多;大量的”。
②An 考查冠词。此处作者举例证明上文提出的观点“我们非常重视信任”,表泛指,空后example的始发音为元音音素,且置于句首,首字母大写,故填An。
③theirs 考查代词。空处作宾语,且根据前文的do my job可知,此处指员工做好他们的工作,空处指代their jobs,故填名词性物主代词theirs。
④to 考查介词。此处是介词短语do sth. to the best of one’s ability “竭尽全力做某事”。
⑤beyond 考查介词。上文介绍的是职场中的信任,下文介绍的是社会生活中的信任,由此可知,此处指的是职场之外的,故用beyond,表“超出;除……之外”。
⑥the 考查冠词。put sth. to the test “使受考验;使受检验”。
⑦honesty 考查词形转换。空处作定语,修饰名词test,此处指“诚实测验”,应用名词作定语,填honesty。(共45张PPT)
热点三 小词不可忽视——冠词、代词、
介词(短语)和动词短语
高考命题新角度4 语法填空非常规命题 ①生僻短语；②固定结构倍数表达句型中的冠词；③with复合结构中的with；④it的用法和不定代词。
分析句子成分，找空前空后核心词，考虑固定用法和搭配
What should be done with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with ① (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ② all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote ③ idea at the completion of their journey. Their promotional work paid ④ . Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became ⑤ first national park in the United States and the world. (2024·全国甲卷改编)
its
the
off
the
for
①its 考查代词。空处修饰名词beauty，应用形容词性物主代词
its，表“它的”。
②for 考查介词。句意：……必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。介词for表目的，表“为了全国人民都能欣赏”。
③the 考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“必须作为国家公园保护好”的想法, 故填定冠词the。
④off 考查动词短语。此处指取得回报, 是动词短语pay off。
⑤the 考查冠词。此处指美国以及世界上第一个国家公园, 故填定冠词the。
答案与解析
图解细析学解题
What should be done with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ② all people of the nation to enjoy—as a
空后是名词，空处用介词，结合句意“为全国人民”，考虑具体介词
national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote ③ idea at the completion of their journey.
特指上文提到的“必须作为国家公园保护好”的想法
Their promotional work paid ④ . Two years later, 18 years before
Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became ⑤ first national park in the United States and the world.
考虑句意，为动词短语，确定搭配
空后是序数词，表“第一”
考频：含介词的固定搭配3年4考>对介词基本意义的掌握3年1考
定冠词3年3考>代词3年2考>不定冠词3年1考
①总结常考介词的用法，尤其是同一介词的不同用法；积累介词(短语)和动词短语。
②锁定“____________+(形容词+)名词”模式, 当“(形容词+)名词”前缺少限定词时，要考虑填冠词；同时多积累含冠词的固定搭配。
③人称代词变物主代词、反身代词、主格变宾格是高频考点，注意牢记含it的固定搭配和句式。
考法1
A组 3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月
1.A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent _______ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. (2025·全国一卷)
考查介词(短语)和动词短语——根据固定搭配解题
by 句意：一位有风度的围棋赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对手的尊重。 此处指“以一到两分的优势”, beat by “以……程度战胜”。 by+具体数值，表示程度、数量，如reduce/increase by “降低了/增加了……”。
答案与解析
by
2.Nothing in my life before prepared me ______ this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.(2025·全国二卷)
for 根据语境“我过去的生活从未让我为现在的生活做好准备”，结合固定搭配prepare sb. for sth. “使某人为……做好准备”可知，此处填for。
答案与解析
for
3.The Glasshouse stands _________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
as 固定短语stand as表示“作为”。stand for 意为“支持，主张，代表(某种观点或态度)”，与上下文的句意不符。
答案与解析
as
4.I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways _______ Romeo and Juliet. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
to 考查介词。句意：我恰好知道汤显祖的《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。此处为固定短语be similar to，表“与……相似”。
答案与解析
to
5.There you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumplings and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed ______ hand rather than rolled. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
by by hand“用手工”，是固定搭配。故填by。
答案与解析
by
6.Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead ____________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. (2025·浙江高考1月)
on/upon focus on/upon是固定搭配，意为“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”。
答案与解析
on/upon
B组 全国甲/乙卷/自主命题卷
7.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility _________ saving their environment. (2023·全国甲卷)
for take responsibility for “对……负责”，是固定短语。
答案与解析
for
8.From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. (2023·全国乙卷)
to from ... to ... “从……到……”，是固定搭配。
答案与解析
to
1.判断空后是否有谓语，确定填介词
①______+名词/代词/动名词/what从句，作状语、定语或补语，则该空填介词，空后的部分作它的宾语。
②动词+介词(固定搭配)。
2.记牢一词多义的情况
(1)for：①(表示去向)往；向，如leave/set off for“动身去……”；②为得到，为获取；③表一段时间，如for two years“两年”；④因为，由于；⑤就……而言。
(2)in： ①in+一段时间，用于将来时；②in+表示“方式/语言/材料”的名词，表“以……方式/用……语言/材料”；③表方向，朝，向，如in the direction。
(3)by+交通工具/通信工具，也可表方式，如by car/train/air/sea/letter/ email/phone/hand。
(4)with：①带有，具有；②用，以(with+具体工具)；③和……在一起；④因为，由于；⑤伴随；随着(with复合结构)。
(5)beyond：①在或向……较远的一边；②晚于；迟于；③超出；非……所能及；④除……之外
(6)as用作介词，意为“作为”，常用于一些动词之后；work as“从事……工作”；serve as“可用作……”； act as“担任；充当……”； regard/see/view/think of/look on ... as ...“认为……是……”
3.根据句式和搭配填介词
①与动词搭配：如mistake ... for ...“把……误认为……”；devote/dedicate ... to ...“致力于……”。
②与名词或代词搭配：如(a) lack of“缺乏……”； on one’s own/by oneself“靠自己”。
③与形容词搭配：如be absent from“缺席”； be busy with“忙于”。
考法2
A组 3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月
9.Go is one of ____________ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. (2025·全国一卷)
考查冠词——基本用法是解题关键
the 空后的形容词最高级earliest修饰名词binary-based games，当最高级后有修饰的名词时，最高级前应用定冠词the。
答案与解析
the
10.Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____________ first time. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
the 考查冠词。句意：……通过古代丝绸之路第一次为英国带来了丝绸和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
答案与解析
the
11.Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. (2024·浙江高考1月)
the 句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
答案与解析
the
12.The meat should be fresh with ____ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
a a touch of “少许，微量”，是固定搭配。句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味；汤汁要热、清澈且美味。注意：and后面的并列分句承前省略了should be。
答案与解析
a
13.Not the pandas, even though ______ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
the 空后为可数名词单数language，因此，空处考虑用冠词，根据language后的“used for the medical training instructions”可知，此处表特指，故填定冠词the。
答案与解析
the
14.Covering an area about three times _____ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. (新高考Ⅰ卷)
the 此处是倍数表达法，倍数+the size of ... “是……几倍大”，且此处特指黄石公园的大小，应用定冠词the。
答案与解析
the
15.The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of ____ new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.(2025·浙江高考1月)
a 可数名词way在句中表“一种方式”，表泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
答案与解析
a
16.________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. (浙江高考)
The 此处意为“林肯一家”。根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表夫妇俩或一家人。设空处位于句首，首字母要大写，故填The。
答案与解析
The
B组 全国甲/乙卷/自主命题卷
17.______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.(全国甲卷)
A 此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词, friend以辅音音素 开头，应用不定冠词a，空处位于句首，所填词首字母应大写。故填A。
答案与解析
A
1.2个口诀巧判断用a/an还是the
①用the：特指双熟悉，上文已提及。世上独无二，专有名词或西洋乐器前，序数最高级。
②用a/an：泛指一类人或物，与one同义，表“一”；和序数词一起表“又一，再一”，元音音素前用an，辅音音素前用a。
2.5种可能填冠词的情况
填不定冠词的情况：
①____________+单数可数名词
②____________+形容词+单数可数名词
填定冠词的情况：
①____________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表特指)
②____________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表特指)
③____________(+定语)+名词+不定式/分词短语(表特指)
3.据固定搭配或用法确定冠词
①动词(catch/take/hit等)+sb.+介词+the+身体部位。
②at a loss“不知所措”； a waste of ...“浪费……”；have a look/take a walk“看一看/去散步”； a touch of“少许”等固定搭配。
③a+比较级(+名词)，表“一个更……的人或物”。
④抽象名词具体化的名词(可概括为：惊、乐、憾、傲、慰、险、 助、成、败、美)surprise、pleasure、pity、pride、comfort、danger、help、success、failure、beauty，表具体的意义“一个……”时，其前应加a或an。
考法3
A组 3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月
18.Over time, I’ve found _________ (I) feeling extremely at home here. (2025·全国二卷)
考查代词——根据所作成分转换代词或根据指代对象或句式填写代词
myself 本空作found的宾语，指代主语I，表“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。动词found后接反身代词myself，构成“find oneself doing”结构，表“不知不觉处于某种状态”。
答案与解析
myself
19.Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of _______ (they) contents. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
their 此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后的名词contents，表“不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子馅”。
答案与解析
除……以外(adv.)
their
20.As the song goes, this long and winding road“will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _________ (I). (新高考Ⅰ卷)
mine 根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor’s memory”可知，本句does指代前一句的stick，本句缺少宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。
答案与解析
mine
21.Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking _______ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well. (2024·浙江高考1月)
ones 句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一 系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个 人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。
答案与解析
ones
B组 全国甲/乙卷/自主命题卷
22.Young Enterprise makes _______ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations.(2023·上海高考1月)
it 句意：Young Enterprise规定，顾问必须来自多元化的商业职业背景。分析句子结构可知，空处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是“that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations”。make it a rule that ... “规定……”。
答案与解析
it
厘清成分、人称，对号入座定“格”
当句中缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时，一般填代词。
①作主语：人称代词主格(I、we、you、he、she、they、it)、指示代 词、不定代词、名词性物主代词。
②动词/介词+代词作宾语：人称代词宾格(me、us、you、him、her、them、it)、名词性物主代词(ours、mine、yours、his、hers、theirs、its)、不定代词。
③作表语：人称代词宾格、不定代词或名词性物主代词。
④作定语：形容词性物主代词(our、my、your、his、her、their、its)。
⑤作宾语、表语或同位语且与主语指同一个(些)人或物：反身代词(myself、ourselves、yourself、yourselves、himself、herself、itself、themselves)，同时注意数的变化。
固定用法和搭配
①填it的情况：a.作形式主语或形式宾语；b.指代前面提到的同一种事物或情况；
c.固定搭配，如make it“成功；按时到达”； get it“理解，明白”； give it a try“试一试”。
②反身代词的搭配，如in itself“本身”，to oneself“独自享有的”。
细析句子成分，找空前空后核心词，考虑固定用法和搭配
Exercise 1 The New York Times
More young people were turning away ① the hypercompetitive work culture found in the country’s megacities, preferring a more chill life in Chengdu, which has earned the reputation ② being “China’s happiest city”.
③ appeal of Chengdu, an ancient city with a history dating back more than 2，300 years, reflects a budding disillusionment (醒悟) among
from
of
The
young people who see an economy that is no longer creating the opportunities it once did for their parents. Also, Chengdu is home
④ hundreds of giant pandas. The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding attracted more than 12.2 million visitors last year, according to Chinese state media.
to
①from 考查动词短语。此处是动词短语turn sb. away from “把某人拒之门外；不准某人进入”，故填介词from。
②of 考查介词。此处指“……的名声”，应用介词of。 earn the reputation of “赢得……的名声”。
③The 考查冠词。此处特指成都的魅力，且空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填定冠词The。
④to 考查介词。be home to “是……所在地”。
答案与解析
Exercise 2 Newsweek
I think Finns benefit from not spending lots of time over-worrying. What I mean by this is that, as a society, we place ① huge amount of value in trust.
② example is our flexible working practices. As a leader, I am trusted to do my job, and I trust employees to do ③ (their) in a way that suits them best. Managers are encouraged to think how they can serve their team members to deliver their best. Consequently, others and I are less worried about what other people are doing. It’s a culture where I can focus on how I can do my job ④ the best of my ability.
a
An
theirs
to
This freedom and trust go ⑤ the workplace, too. Say you leave your wallet on the bus—in Finland, it’s almost guaranteed that you’ll get it back. This was put to ⑥ test in 2022, when an
⑦ (honest) test conducted in Helsinki found 11 out of 12 wallets were returned to the owner.
文章作者提出芬兰人积极的心态和信任可以促进幸福感。
beyond
the
honesty
①a 考查冠词。a huge amount of “许多；大量的”。
②An 考查冠词。此处作者举例证明上文提出的观点“我们非常重视信任”，表泛指，空后example的始发音为元音音素，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填An。
③theirs 考查代词。空处作宾语，且根据前文的do my job可知，此处指员工做好他们的工作，空处指代their jobs，故填名词性物主代词theirs。
答案与解析
④to 考查介词。此处是介词短语do sth. to the best of one’s ability “竭尽全力做某事”。
⑤beyond 考查介词。上文介绍的是职场中的信任，下文介绍的是社会生活中的信任，由此可知，此处指的是职场之外的，故用beyond，表“超出；除……之外”。
⑥the 考查冠词。put sth. to the test “使受考验；使受检验”。
⑦honesty 考查词形转换。空处作定语，修饰名词test，此处指“诚实测验”，应用名词作定语，填honesty。
答案与解析
