练5 推理判断题——观点态度题
限时18分钟
外刊原味5 体裁:说明文 主题语境:环境保护 难度:★★★☆ @ The Economist
Being at the heart of an experiment isn’t new for Rathlin Island. From here, Marconi sent the world’s first commercial wireless transmission in 1898. Over a century later, the island is a laboratory again.
Rathlin aims for net-zero by 2030. With just 140 inhabitants, the island got mains electricity only in 1992 and an undersea cable to the UK electrical grid in 2007. For years the only vehicles were the islanders’ cars, the odd tractor and a bus taking tourists to see the 250,000 resident seabirds.
But small communities can test new ideas well. Belfast funded a community e-car and 20 e-bikes. In 2023 a project led by Ulster University won ￡4.6 m to tackle waste on the island more effectively.
One of the big ideas was to reuse plastic waste littered by islanders and tourists and washing up along the coastline. The team distributed leaflets for beach-litter picking; the waste was taken to Belfast for processing. The project also involves educational activities and “repair cafés” to fix broken items. Some islanders are doing things differently. McMullan now makes plastic-free rope from sheep wool. Green, another resident, hopes the wool rope can be used to farm seaweed around the island.
Yet change is hard. Most waste still goes to landfill; plans to reuse processed plastic through 3D printing have been abandoned. “The plan needs more technological support,” says project leader Justin Magee. While beach plastic can be hard to recycle because of damage caused by ultraviolet light, the team managed to do so and is exploring commercial reuse.
It was in a Rathlin cave that Robert the Bruce, a Scottish king, supposedly watched a spider eventually succeed after repeated attempts to weave its web. That strengthened his resolve to fight the English. Worthy as it is, Rathlin’s battle against landfill is less likely to echo down the generations.
1.What connects Rathlin’s past and present
A. Reliance on wireless transmission. B. Tradition of hosting experiments.
C. Struggle for electricity access. D. Commitment to recycling waste.
2.What is included in the plastic waste project
A. Organizing beach cleanups and educational events.
B. Manufacturing products with 3D printing.
C. Making wool-based plastic alternatives.
D. Processing and reusing plastic waste locally.
3.Why did the 3D printing plan fail
A. Lack of tourist participation. B. Damage from ultraviolet light.
C. Insufficient technical support. D. High cost of recycling plastics.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards Rathlin’s fight against plastic waste
A. Mildly concerned. B. Objectively favorable.
C. Cautiously realistic. D. Skeptically dismissive.
(2025·哈三中四模改编) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:生物科技、建筑 难度:★★☆☆
In the ever-evolving field of architecture, bioluminescent (生物发光) architecture emerges as a groundbreaking trend. This innovative concept marries the attraction of nature with the practicality of modern construction. By using living organisms capable of emitting light, it offers a sustainable and visually charming approach to illuminating buildings.
Bioluminescence, a natural phenomenon common in creatures like fireflies, jellyfish, and specific bacteria, has long appealed to scientists. They’ve been studying these organisms, aiming to harness their light-producing capabilities. In architecture, a notable strategy involves integrating bioluminescent organisms into building materials. For instance, walls can be coated with a specialized substance containing these bacteria, which then emit a soft, enchanting glow, crafting a unique aura (气场).
One of the most significant advantages of bioluminescent architecture lies in its potential for energy conservation. As these living organisms generate light without electricity, buildings can substantially cut down on their energy consumption. This not only eases the environmental burden but also reduces long-term operational costs. Moreover, the gentle, natural light from bioluminescent sources is far more comfortable to human eyes compared to strong and unpleasant artificial lighting, enhancing the overall indoor living experience.
With all its promise, bioluminescent architecture still faces setbacks. Sustaining the living organisms within building materials demands careful control over environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and nutrient availability. There are also concerns regarding the long-term durability of the bioluminescent effect. Nevertheless, researchers are actively exploring the way out. Some are turning to genetic engineering techniques in a bid to make these organisms more resilient and long-lasting.
As urban areas worldwide increasingly prioritize sustainable and aesthetically pleasing designs, bioluminescent architecture stands as a beacon of hope. It has the potential to revolutionize city environments, transforming the way we understand and interact with them.
5.Which phrase is closest in meaning to “harness” in the second paragraph
A. Make a copy of. B. Make use of. C. Take the place of. D. Get rid of.
6.What can be learned about bioluminescent architecture
A. It increases the cost of construction.
B. Bacteria are used as main light.
C. Its light is harmful to human eyes.
D. Energy use in buildings is reduced.
7.What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about bioluminescent architecture
A. Its application and prospects. B. Its importance and influence.
C. Its challenges and research directions. D. Its advantages and disadvantages.
8.What is the author’s attitude towards the future of bioluminescent architecture
A. Positive. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Neutral.
(2025·保定三模改编) 体裁:议论文 主题语境:教育创新与技术 难度:★★★☆
University students have taken to artificial intelligence in the same way that an anxious new driver with a traditional road map might take to GPS. A survey of UK undergraduates by the Higher Education Policy Institute shows 92% of them are using AI in their schoolwork this year compared with 66% last year.
What should we do At first, I suggested that teachers should face the reality and try to guide their students to use AI wisely. For example, I asked teachers to give their students AI-written essays and tell the students to improve them, as well as to identify and correct their mistakes. But like many pleasingly neat solutions to complex problems, mine turns out to be a terrible idea.
Maria Abreu, a professor of economic geography at Cambridge University, told me her department had experimented along these lines. But when they gave undergraduates an AI text and asked them to improve it, the results were disappointing. “The improvements were surface-level and they didn’t change the structure of the arguments,” she said. “Master students did better, perhaps because they have already had the ability to think critically and structure arguments. The worry is that if we don’t train them to do their own thinking, they are not going to develop that ability at all.”
Michael Veale, who is an expert on technology policy, even sees AI as a threat to the learning process because it offers a short-cut to students who are pressed for time and anxious to get good marks. “Our role is to warn them that these short-cuts may limit their potential. We want them to use the best tools for the job in the workplace when the time comes, but that time isn’t always at the beginning,” he says.
The two teachers agree that a focus on maintaining foundational skills in critical thinking, information gathering and problem-solving would help students avoid relying too much on AI in the future.
“In other words, to use the short-cut effectively rather than mindlessly, students need to know how to do it without the short-cut,” Michael Veale explains.
9.What does the author want to show by mentioning a new driver
A. The potential of traditional maps. B. Students’ strong desire to use AI tools.
C. The possibility of popularizing AI tools. D. Problems with traditional teaching methods.
10.What did the author suggest teachers do
A. Encourage students to edit AI-written essays.
B. Simplify the structure of complex arguments.
C. Ask students to write essays on their own.
D. Guide students to mark essays with AI.
11.How might Maria Abreu feel about the use of AI tools in middle schools
A. Satisfied. B. Excited. C. Unconcerned. D. Skeptical.
12.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. Ban AI tools from educational institutions.
B. Guide students to use AI as early as possible.
C. Urge students to learn basic skills first.
D. Permit the use of AI if necessary.
练5
拉斯林岛有着作为实验场的传统,从过去马可尼发送首个商业无线传输,到如今为实现 2030 年净零目标开展垃圾处理等实验项目,虽取得一些进展但面临诸多挑战。
1.B 细节理解题。第一段首句明确指出“拉斯林岛作为实验中心并不陌生”,第二句说明该岛过去(1898年马可尼在此进行无线传输实验),第二段首句说明该岛现在作为实现净零目标的实验场,都体现了该岛“作为实验场所的传统”。
2.A 细节理解题。第四段首句介绍实验内容:回收再利用塑料垃圾;第二、三句详细描述了塑料垃圾项目的内容:组织海滩垃圾清理活动;清理出的垃圾被送往贝尔法斯特进行处理、开展教育活动、举办“修理咖啡馆”。最后两句介绍的是一些岛民的创新做法,如用羊毛制作不含塑料的绳子。故A项正确。
3.C 细节理解题。第五段指出“plans to reuse processed plastic through 3D printing have been abandoned”,并引用项目负责人的话“The plan needs more technological support”,直接说明3D打印计划失败的原因是“技术支持不足”,故C项正确。
4.C 观点态度题。文中明确提到项目的价值,如第四段详细介绍塑料垃圾项目的具体举措(海滩清理、教育活动、探索商业再利用等),并提及居民自发尝试替代方案(羊毛绳),体现作者对这些努力的认可,并非完全否定(排除D选项“怀疑地轻视”)。第五段直言项目面临的困难,如“多数垃圾仍进入填埋场”“3D打印计划因技术不足搁置”“紫外线导致海滩塑料难以回收”等,说明作者未忽视现实障碍,并非单纯乐观(排除B选项“客观支持”)。作者既不盲目乐观,也不消极放弃:既承认行动的意义(Worthy as it is),又客观指出其局限性(less likely to echo down the generations),这种“认可努力+正视困难”的态度,属于“谨慎现实的”态度,故C项正确。
积累
重点词 resolve n.决心;坚定的信念
派生词 ①(supposed+-ly) supposedly adv.据信;据传;据说 ②(repeat+-ed) repeated adj.重复的;反复发生的
合成词 ①(plastic+free) plastic-free adj.无塑料的 ②(beach+litter) beach-litter n.海滩垃圾
语块 ①beach-litter picking海滩垃圾清理(活动) ②wash up把……冲到陆地上 ③echo down the generations代代相传 ④mains electricity电供应系统
本文介绍生物发光建筑将自然与现代建筑结合,可节能、营造舒适光环境,但存在维持生物存活等挑战,有望革新城市环境。
5.B 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“在建筑领域,一个显著的策略是将发光的生物融入建筑材料中”可知,科学家研究生物是为了将它们的发光能力应用到建筑领域。故画线词harness意为“利用”,与make use of 语义一致。make a copy of“复制”;take the place of“代替;替换”; get rid of“摆脱”。故选B。
6.D 细节理解题。第三段第二句明确说明生物发光建筑通过生物光源替代电力照明显著降低能源消耗。由此可知,建筑物的能源消耗得到了降低。故选D。
7.C 段落大意题。 第四段首句中“faces setbacks”总起,后详述需控制环境因素(温度、湿度、营养)及长期耐久性问题(the long-term durability)。转折词Nevertheless后描述研究方向,指出研究者通过基因工程技术使生物更具适应性、更持久 (resilient and long-lasting)。由此可知,第四段主要向我们介绍了生物发光建筑面临的挑战及研究方向。故选C。
8.A 观点态度题。最后一段中的“a beacon of hope”(希望之灯)“revolutionize city environments”(彻底改变城市环境)等积极词汇,表明作者对生物发光建筑的前景持乐观态度。故选A。
积累
重点词 ①setback n.挫折;阻碍 ②concern n.担心;忧虑 ③durability n.持久;耐用
派生词 (practical+-ity)practicality n.可行性;适用性
合成词 ①ever-evolving adj.不断发展的 ②groundbreaking adj.开创性的 ③long-lasting adj.持久耐用的(durable)
语块 ①be coated with涂覆 ②cut down on降低/减少 ③in a bid to旨在/为了 ④stand as成为/象征着 ⑤a beacon of hope希望之灯
本文讨论了学生利用AI学习的现象,认为在学生利用AI工具做作业前需要练好基本功。
9.B 推理判断题。第一段首句将学生使用AI类比为“焦虑的新司机用GPS取代传统地图”,强调学生对AI工具的急切依赖心理。第二句提到92%的学生使用AI(去年仅66%),用数据证明学生对AI工具的强烈依赖。故选B。
10.A 细节理解题。第二段第二句提出作者给老师的建议:建议教师应该面对现实,并努力引导学生明智地使用人工智能。 接着举例说明自己的建议:要求学生改进AI生成的文章并识别和纠正错误。由此可知,作者建议教师让学生编辑人工智能写的文章。故选A。
干扰项:B项(简化复杂论证结构):文中Maria指出学生“未改变论证结构”,非作者建议;C项(独立写作):非作者建议内容;D项(用AI批改作业):原文要求学生“修正AI错误”,非用AI评分。
11.D 观点态度题。第三段第二句Maria Abreu明确指出:要求本科生改进AI生成的文章时,结果令人失望,第三句进一步说明本科生对AI文本的改进仅停留在“表面”,且未改变文章结构。上述信息均暗示Maria Abreu对AI工具在中学(低年级)的使用持怀疑态度。故选D。
12.C 推理判断题。第五段说明:注重保持批判性思维、信息收集和解决问题等基础技能,将有助于学生在未来避免过度依赖人工智能。最后一段Michael Veale总结:有效使用捷径需先懂无捷径时的做法。由此可推出,作者想传达的信息是督促学生先学习基本技能。故选C。learn basic skills 是原文maintaining foundational skills的同义转述。
积累
重点词 ①undergraduate n.本科生 ②master n.硕士;有硕士学位的人
派生词 ①(please+-ing+-ly)pleasingly adv.令人高兴;令人满意 ②(found+-ation+-al) foundational adj.基础的 ③(mind+-less+-ly)mindlessly adv.没头脑地;无谓地;盲目地
合成词 ①(short+cut) short-cut n.近路;捷径;(做某事的)快捷办法,捷径 ②(problem+solving) problem-solving n.寻求答案;解决问题
语块 ①take to开始沉湎于;养成……习惯;开始喜欢;对……产生好感 ②turn out原来是;证明是;结果是;……地发展(或发生);结果……;出席(某项活动);在场;制造;生产;培养出 ③critical thinking批判性思维
写作 素材 AI相关:①use AI wisely明智使用AI ②use the short-cut effectively rather than mindlessly高效而非盲目利用捷径 ③avoid relying too much on AI避免过度依赖AI(共41张PPT)
第一部分 阅读
练5 推理判断题——观点态度题
外刊原味5 体裁：说明文 主题语境：环境保护
难度：★★★ ☆ @ The Economist
Being at the heart of an experiment isn’t new for Rathlin Island. From here, Marconi sent the world’s first commercial wireless transmission in 1898. Over a century later, the island is a laboratory again.
Rathlin aims for net-zero by 2030. With just 140 inhabitants, the island got mains electricity only in 1992 and an undersea cable to the UK electrical grid in 2007. For years the only vehicles were the islanders’ cars, the odd tractor and a bus taking tourists to see the 250，000 resident seabirds.
But small communities can test new ideas well. Belfast funded a community e-car and 20 e-bikes. In 2023 a project led by Ulster University won ￡4.6 m to tackle waste on the island more effectively.
One of the big ideas was to reuse plastic waste littered by islanders and tourists and washing up along the coastline. The team distributed leaflets for beach-litter picking； the waste was taken to Belfast for processing. The project also involves educational activities and “repair cafés” to fix broken items. Some islanders are doing things differently. McMullan now makes plastic-free rope from sheep wool. Green, another resident, hopes the wool rope can be used to farm seaweed around the island.
Yet change is hard. Most waste still goes to landfill； plans to reuse processed plastic through 3D printing have been abandoned. “The plan needs more technological support，” says project leader Justin Magee. While beach plastic can be hard to recycle because of damage caused by ultraviolet light, the team managed to do so and is exploring commercial reuse.
It was in a Rathlin cave that Robert the Bruce, a Scottish king, supposedly watched a spider eventually succeed after repeated attempts to weave its web. That strengthened his resolve to fight the English. Worthy as it is, Rathlin’s battle against landfill is less likely to echo down the generations.
拉斯林岛有着作为实验场的传统，从过去马可尼发送首个商业无线传输，到如今为实现 2030 年净零目标开展垃圾处理等实验项目，虽取得一些进展但面临诸多挑战。
1.What connects Rathlin’s past and present
A. Reliance on wireless transmission.
B. Tradition of hosting experiments.
C. Struggle for electricity access.
D. Commitment to recycling waste.
细节理解题。第一段首句明确指出“拉斯林岛作为实验中心并不陌生”，第二句说明该岛过去(1898年马可尼在此进行无线传输实验)，第二段首句说明该岛现在作为实现净零目标的实验场，都体现了该岛“作为实验场所的传统”。
解析
2.What is included in the plastic waste project
A. Organizing beach cleanups and educational events.
B. Manufacturing products with 3D printing.
C. Making wool-based plastic alternatives.
D. Processing and reusing plastic waste locally.
细节理解题。第四段首句介绍实验内容：回收再利用塑料垃圾;第二、三句详细描述了塑料垃圾项目的内容：组织海滩垃圾清理活动；清理出的垃圾被送往贝尔法斯特进行处理、开展教育活动、举办“修理咖啡馆”。最后两句介绍的是一些岛民的创新做法，如用羊毛制作不含塑料的绳子。故A项正确。
解析
3.Why did the 3D printing plan fail
A. Lack of tourist participation.
B. Damage from ultraviolet light.
C. Insufficient technical support.
D. High cost of recycling plastics.
细节理解题。第五段指出“plans to reuse processed plastic through 3D printing have been abandoned”，并引用项目负责人的话“The plan needs more technological support”，直接说明3D打印计划失败的原因是“技术支持不足”，故C项正确。
解析
4.What is the author’s attitude towards Rathlin’s fight against plastic waste
A. Mildly concerned. B. Objectively favorable.
C. Cautiously realistic. D. Skeptically dismissive.
观点态度题。文中明确提到项目的价值，如第四段详细介绍塑料垃圾项目的具体举措(海滩清理、教育活动、探索商业再利用等)，并提及居民自发尝试替代方案(羊毛绳)，体现作者对这些努力的认
解析
可，并非完全否定(排除D选项“怀疑地轻视”)。第五段直言项目面临的困难，如“多数垃圾仍进入填埋场”“3D打印计划因技术不足搁置”“紫外线导致海滩塑料难以回收”等，说明作者未忽视现实障碍,并非单纯乐观(排除B选项“客观支持”)。作者既不盲目乐观，也不消极放弃：既承认行动的意义(Worthy as it is)，又客观指出其局限性(less likely to echo down the generations)，这种“认可努力+正视困难”的态度，属于“谨慎现实的”态度，故C项正确。
解析
积累
重点词 resolve n.决心；坚定的信念
派生词 ①(supposed+-ly) supposedly adv.据信；据传；据说
②(repeat+-ed) repeated adj.重复的；反复发生的
合成词 ①(plastic+free) plastic-free adj.无塑料的 ②(beach+litter) beach-litter n.海滩垃圾
语块 ①beach-litter picking海滩垃圾清理(活动) ②wash up把……冲到陆地上 ③echo down the generations代代相传
④mains electricity电供应系统
(2025·哈三中四模改编) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：生物科技、建筑 难度：★★ ☆☆
In the ever-evolving field of architecture, bioluminescent (生物发光) architecture emerges as a groundbreaking trend. This innovative concept marries the attraction of nature with the practicality of modern construction. By using living organisms capable of emitting light, it offers a sustainable and visually charming approach to illuminating buildings.
Bioluminescence, a natural phenomenon common in creatures like fireflies, jellyfish, and specific bacteria, has long appealed to scientists. They’ve been studying these organisms, aiming to harness their light-producing capabilities. In architecture, a notable strategy involves integrating bioluminescent organisms into building materials. For instance, walls can be coated with a specialized substance containing these bacteria, which then emit a soft, enchanting glow, crafting a unique aura (气场).
One of the most significant advantages of bioluminescent architecture lies in its potential for energy conservation. As these living organisms generate light without electricity, buildings can substantially cut down on their energy consumption. This not only eases the environmental burden but also reduces long-term operational costs. Moreover, the gentle, natural light from bioluminescent sources is far more comfortable to human eyes compared to strong and unpleasant artificial lighting, enhancing the overall indoor living experience.
With all its promise, bioluminescent architecture still faces setbacks. Sustaining the living organisms within building materials demands careful control over environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and nutrient availability. There are also concerns regarding the long-term durability of the bioluminescent effect. Nevertheless, researchers are actively exploring the way out. Some are turning to genetic engineering techniques in a bid to make these organisms more resilient and long-lasting.
As urban areas worldwide increasingly prioritize sustainable and aesthetically pleasing designs, bioluminescent architecture stands as a beacon of hope. It has the potential to revolutionize city environments, transforming the way we understand and interact with them.
本文介绍生物发光建筑将自然与现代建筑结合，可节能、营造舒适光环境，但存在维持生物存活等挑战，有望革新城市环境。
5.Which phrase is closest in meaning to “harness” in the second paragraph
A. Make a copy of. B. Make use of.
C. Take the place of. D. Get rid of.
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“在建筑领域，一个显著的策略是将发光的生物融入建筑材料中”可知，科学家研究生物是为了将它们的发光能力应用到建筑领域。故画线词harness意为“利用”，与make use of 语义一致。make a copy of“复制”；take the place of“代替；替换”； get rid of“摆脱”。故选B。
解析
6.What can be learned about bioluminescent architecture
A. It increases the cost of construction.
B. Bacteria are used as main light.
C. Its light is harmful to human eyes.
D. Energy use in buildings is reduced.
细节理解题。第三段第二句明确说明生物发光建筑通过生物光源替代电力照明显著降低能源消耗。由此可知，建筑物的能源消耗得到了降低。故选D。
解析
7.What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about bioluminescent architecture
A. Its application and prospects.
B. Its importance and influence.
C. Its challenges and research directions.
D. Its advantages and disadvantages.
段落大意题。 第四段首句中“faces setbacks”总起，后详述需控制环境因素(温度、湿度、营养)及长期耐久性问题(the long-term durability)。转折词Nevertheless后描述研究方向，指出研究者通过基因工程技术使生物更具适应性、更持久 (resilient and long-lasting)。由此可知，第四段主要向我们介绍了生物发光建筑面临的挑战及研究方向。故选C。
解析
8.What is the author’s attitude towards the future of bioluminescent architecture
A. Positive. B. Dismissive.
C. Doubtful. D. Neutral.
观点态度题。最后一段中的“a beacon of hope”(希望之灯)
“revolutionize city environments”(彻底改变城市环境)等积极词汇，表明作者对生物发光建筑的前景持乐观态度。故选A。
解析
积累
重点词 ①setback n.挫折；阻碍 ②concern n.担心；忧虑 ③durability n.持久；耐用
派生词 (practical+-ity)practicality n.可行性；适用性
合成词 ①ever-evolving adj.不断发展的 ②groundbreaking adj.开创性的 ③long-lasting adj.持久耐用的(durable)
语块 ①be coated with涂覆 ②cut down on降低/减少
③in a bid to旨在/为了 ④stand as成为/象征着
⑤a beacon of hope希望之灯
(2025·保定三模改编) 体裁：议论文 主题语境：教育创新与技术 难度：★★★ ☆
University students have taken to artificial intelligence in the same way that an anxious new driver with a traditional road map might take to GPS. A survey of UK undergraduates by the Higher Education Policy Institute shows 92% of them are using AI in their schoolwork this year compared with 66% last year.
What should we do At first, I suggested that teachers should face the reality and try to guide their students to use AI wisely. For example, I asked teachers to give their students AI-written essays and tell the students to improve them, as well as to identify and correct their mistakes. But like many pleasingly neat solutions to complex problems, mine turns out to be a terrible idea.
Maria Abreu, a professor of economic geography at Cambridge University, told me her department had experimented along these lines. But when they gave undergraduates an AI text and asked them to improve it, the results were disappointing. “The improvements were surface-level and they didn’t change the structure of the arguments，” she said. “Master students did better, perhaps because they have already had the ability to think critically and structure arguments. The worry is that if we don’t train them to do their own thinking, they are not going to develop that ability at all.”
Michael Veale, who is an expert on technology policy, even sees AI as a threat to the learning process because it offers a short-cut to students who are pressed for time and anxious to get good marks. “Our role is to warn them that these short-cuts may limit their potential. We want them to use the best tools for the job in the workplace when the time comes, but that time isn’t always at the beginning，” he says.
The two teachers agree that a focus on maintaining foundational skills in critical thinking, information gathering and problem-solving would help students avoid relying too much on AI in the future.
“In other words, to use the short-cut effectively rather than mindlessly, students need to know how to do it without the short-cut，” Michael Veale explains.
本文讨论了学生利用AI学习的现象，认为在学生利用AI工具做作业前需要练好基本功。
9.What does the author want to show by mentioning a new driver
A. The potential of traditional maps.
B. Students’ strong desire to use AI tools.
C. The possibility of popularizing AI tools.
D. Problems with traditional teaching methods.
推理判断题。第一段首句将学生使用AI类比为“焦虑的新司机用GPS取代传统地图”，强调学生对AI工具的急切依赖心理。第二句提到92%的学生使用AI(去年仅66%)，用数据证明学生对AI工具的强烈依赖。故选B。
解析
10.What did the author suggest teachers do
A. Encourage students to edit AI-written essays.
B. Simplify the structure of complex arguments.
C. Ask students to write essays on their own.
D. Guide students to mark essays with AI.
细节理解题。第二段第二句提出作者给老师的建议：建议教师应该面对现实，并努力引导学生明智地使用人工智能。 接着举例说明自己的建议：要求学生改进AI生成的文章并识别和纠正错误。由此可知，作者建议教师让学生编辑人工智能写的文章。故选A。
干扰项：B项(简化复杂论证结构)：文中Maria指出学生“未改变论证结构”，非作者建议；C项(独立写作)：非作者建议内容；D项(用AI批改作业)：原文要求学生“修正AI错误”，非用AI评分。
解析
11.How might Maria Abreu feel about the use of AI tools in middle schools
A. Satisfied. B. Excited.
C. Unconcerned. D. Skeptical.
观点态度题。第三段第二句Maria Abreu明确指出：要求本科生改进AI生成的文章时，结果令人失望，第三句进一步说明本科生对AI文本的改进仅停留在“表面”，且未改变文章结构。上述信息均暗示Maria Abreu对AI工具在中学(低年级)的使用持怀疑态度。故选D。
解析
12.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. Ban AI tools from educational institutions.
B. Guide students to use AI as early as possible.
C. Urge students to learn basic skills first.
D. Permit the use of AI if necessary.
推理判断题。第五段说明:注重保持批判性思维、信息收集和解决问题等基础技能，将有助于学生在未来避免过度依赖人工智能。最后一段Michael Veale总结：有效使用捷径需先懂无捷径时的做法。由此可推出,作者想传达的信息是督促学生先学习基本技能。故选C。learn basic skills 是原文maintaining foundational skills的同义转述。
解析
积累
重点词 ①undergraduate n.本科生 ②master n.硕士；有硕士学位的人
派生词 ①(please+-ing+-ly)pleasingly adv.令人高兴；令人满意 ②(found+
-ation+-al) foundational adj.基础的 ③(mind+-less+-ly)mindlessly adv.没头脑地；无谓地；盲目地
合成词 ①(short+cut) short-cut n.近路；捷径；(做某事的)快捷办法，捷径 ②(problem+solving) problem-solving n.寻求答案；解决问题
语块 ①take to开始沉湎于；养成……习惯；开始喜欢；对……产生好感 ②turn out原来是；证明是；结果是；……地发展(或发生)；结果……；出席(某项活动)；在场；制造；生产；培养出 ③critical thinking批判性思维
写作 素材 AI相关：①use AI wisely明智使用AI ②use the short-cut effectively rather than mindlessly高效而非盲目利用捷径 ③avoid relying too much on AI避免过度依赖AI
