课件79张PPT。Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
纳尔逊·曼德拉使南非摆脱了种族歧视，改变了世界。他的最大成就是创造了一个民主、非种族歧视的南非，并且使这个美丽的国家避免了可怕血腥的内战。每年7月18日举办的国际曼德拉日就是为了纪念他在解决矛盾冲突、民主政治、人权、和平和和谐方面所取得的成就。他是属于南非的，更是属于世界的。Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern heroPeriod 1 Warming Up & Readingquality
active
generous
found
republic
principle
legal
feeyouthleaguestagevoteattackequalwillingⅡ.根据词性和汉语写出单词，并注意拓展词汇
1．______ (vt.)献身；专心于→devoted(adj.)忠实的；深爱的
2．peace(n.)和平；和睦；平静→_______ (adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的
3．law(n.)法律；法规→_______ (n.)律师devotepeacefullawyer4．guide(vt.)引导；带领；操纵→_________ (n.)指导；领导
5．violent(adj.)暴力的；猛烈的→_________ (n.)暴力；暴行
6．fair(adj.)公平的→_______ (adj.)不公正的；不公平的(反义词)guidanceviolenceunfairⅢ.根据语境猜测画线部分正确的释义
1．He _______________money and never treats anyone to dinner.(对……很吝啬)
2．He _______________everybody with money.(对……慷慨，大方)
3．He _________________helping the poor.(致力于)
4．Many a man is ____________due to the depression.(失业)
5．It is evident that he ____ not ________the job.(胜任)is mean aboutwas generous todevoted himself toout of workisequal toⅣ.根据汉语提示写出相应的短语
1．What convinced you to ___________ (投票支持)them?
2．It’s a nice place.We’ve stayed there ourselves，________________ (事实上)．
3．The police station was __________ (爆炸)by terrorists.
4．You’ll be ___________ (在危险中)if you don’t watch your step.
5．There’s nobody she can __________ (求助于)．vote foras a matter of factblown upin troubleturn to
Ⅰ.Scan the text and then fill in the blanks according to the text.
The text is mainly about the story of the poor black worker ________，who got __________________________________.
答案：Elias；help from Nelson MandelaⅡ.Read the text and write out the right order according to what happened to Elias in the following years.
1．1940_______ A．Elias began school.
2．1942______ B．Elias was twelve years old and met Mandela.
3．1946______ C．Elias left school.4．1948______ D．Elias was born.
5．1952______ E．Elias helped Mandela blow up some government buildings.
6．1963 ______ F．Elias was a two－year－old baby.
答案：1.D 2.F 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.EⅢ.Read the passage carefully and then choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．What disadvantage did Elias have in finding a job?
A．He helped Nelson Mandela blow up the government building.
B．He had poor education.
C．He was very young.
D．He didn’t want to live in Johannesburg.2．What is the general idea of the story?
The story is about________.
A．the poor life of black people in South Africa
B．the life of Mandela
C．Elias’ life before and after he met Nelson Mandela，and what Mandela did
D．how Elias met Mandela3．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．Nelson Mandela helped Elias keep his job
B．Elias was happy to blow up the government building
C．Elias met Nelson Mandela at school
D．the government was happy with Nelson Mandela and the ANC4．How did the ANC Youth League fight against the government?
A．They fought against the government in a peaceful way.
B．They shot the government officials.
C．They killed many white people.
D．They decided to answer violence with violence.5．Why did Elias help Mandela blow up some government buildings?
A．Because he liked violence.
B．Because it was not dangerous.
C．Because he thought it was a way to make black people and white people equal.
D．Because he wanted to be famous.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.CⅣ.Fill in the blanks according to the text or the given words.
Elias is a poor black worker in South Africa.1.______he first met Mandela，he was in a difficult period of his life.He began school at six.But he had to leave2.______his family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.When he got a job，he was3.______(worry)about being out of work because he didn’t have a passbook.Then Mandela，who offered guidance4.______poor black people on their legal problems，5.______(tell)him what to do and helped him.When Mandela organized the ANC Youth League，Elias joined it.At that time，black people couldn’t vote or choose their leaders，get the job they6.______(want)and had to live in the parts of town 7.______were decided by white people.8.______the help of Mandela they chose to attack the laws，and fight9.______the white people with violence.In 1963 he helped blow up some government buildings，though it was dangerous for him，because he knew it would help them realize their dream of10.______(make)black and white people equal.
答案：1.When 2.because 3.worried 4.to 5.told 6.wanted 7.which/that 8.With 9.against 10.making◎devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于
①He devoted all his efforts to the task.
他把所有的精力都投入到这项工作中去了。 (1)devote sth. to (doing) sth.把时间(钱、精力等)献给(做)某事
devote oneself to(doing sth.)＝be devoted to献身于……，致力于……
(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的
devotion n．奉献；关爱②The girl devoted most of her spare time to learning English.
这个女孩把她的绝大部分业余时间都花在学习英语上了。
③He devoted himself to creating a peaceful world.
＝He was devoted to creating a peaceful world.
他致力于创造一个和平的世界。
④He is so devoted to his English teaching that I admire him for his devotion.
他如此深爱他的英语教学，以至于我对他的奉献感到敬佩。[巧学助记] ◎found vt.创建，创办；兴建
①Her family founded the college in 1895.
她的家族于1895年创办了这所院校。
②The hospital was founded in 1920.
这家医院创立于1920年。be founded on...建立在……基础上，(建筑物)建立在……上
③His theory is founded on facts.
他的理论是建立在事实基础之上的。
④The castle is founded on solid rocks.
这座城堡建立在坚固的岩石上。用find或found的适当形式填空
①The Hope Primary School was________by Li Lianjie，a famous actor.
②When I needed a pen to write，there was none to be________.
答案：①founded ②found◎out of work失业
①There are plenty of men out of work.
有很多人失业。
②John has been out of work since last month.
从上个月起约翰就失业了。常见的以out of开头的短语：
out of breath 上气不接下气
out of balance 失去平衡
out of date 过时
out of control 失去控制
out of the question 不可能
out of question 毫无疑问
out of reach 够不着out of sight 看不见
out of order 出故障
out of trouble 摆脱困境③用out of的相关短语完成短文
Mary was ________________because the company where she worked was closed down.She decided to go on a trip.When she was leaving I drove to the station to see her off.I watched the train leaving slowly until it was ________________. Then I drove back，but my car was ______________halfway. Just when I was wondering what to do，a kind man gave me a hand，so I was _____________and got home before dark.out of workout of sightout of orderout of trouble◎vote vt. & vi.投票，选举 n．投票；选票；表决
①In Britain，people get the vote at the age of 18.
在英国，人们到十八岁有选举权。vote for/against投票赞成/反对
vote on sth.就某事投票表决
vote to do sth.投票决定……，投票去做……②Those who vote for the new President are almost young people.
那些投票赞成新总统的几乎都是年轻人。
③I don’t want to vote against our monitor.
我不想投票反对我们的班长。
④As we are not in agreement on this matter，let’s vote on it.
由于在这件事上我们无法达成共识，让我们投票表决吧。
⑤We should vote to decide who cooks tonight.
我们应该投票来决定今晚谁来做饭。(1)as a matter of fact事实上，实际上①As a matter of fact，I don’t like to be praised before the public.
事实上，我不喜欢在公众面前受表扬。
②He said he was familiar with me.As a matter of fact，this is the first time that I have seen him.
他说他和我很熟，实际上，我这是第一次见他。 “事实上”还有如下表达方法
in fact/in actual fact/in reality/actually
改正下面句子中的错误③It’s not that difficult.As matter of fact，it’s quite easy.____________
④In actually fact，many good crops failed because of the drought(干旱)．____________
⑤He appeared calm in face of danger，but in a fact，he was very nervous.____________
⑥Actual we knew each other，but we didn’t contact with each other for many years.____________
答案：③As后加a ④actually→actual ⑤去掉a
⑥Actual→Actually(2)blow up使充气；爆炸；发脾气；夸大
请写出blow up在句中的含义：
①The young man tried to blow up the government building but failed.( )
②My bike is flat and it needs blowing up.( )
③I was surprised at the way he blew up at his mother.( )
④I wonder why the media blew up the small story.( )
答案：①使爆炸 ②使充气 ③发脾气 ④夸大[巧学助记]blow down 吹倒，刮倒
blow out 吹灭，熄灭
blow away 吹走；驱散；(在比赛中)战胜某人
blow over 平静下来
用适当的介词或副词填空
⑤They blew________the old bridge and then built a new one across the river.
⑥The wind blew________my sadness gently.
⑦I think the wind is strong enough to blow________trees.
⑧I blew________candles and opened the birthday presents.
答案：⑤up ⑥away ⑦down ⑧out◎equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的
①There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class.
这个班男女生人数相等。
②All men are equal in the eye of law.
法律面前人人平等。(1)be equal to 等于
be equal to sth./doing sth. 胜任做某事
(2)equal vt.比得上；等于
n．平等的人
A equals B in sth. A在某方面比得上B
without equal 无人可比，无敌
(3)equally adv.同样地；平等地③A minute is equal to sixty seconds.
一分钟相当于六十秒。
④I think he is equal to the work.
我认为他能胜任这份工作。
⑤His paintings are without equal in the Western world.
他的画在西方世界是首屈一指的。
⑥We agreed to divide the money equally.
我们同意把钱平分。◎in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
①If we can’t finish the work on time，we will be in trouble.
我们如果不能按时完成工作就麻烦了。②(2015·高考湖南卷)It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
我们在回到家时才意识到帮助有困难的人是多么的令人高兴。③You could ask the teacher for help when you have trouble/difficulty in learning English.
当你学英语有困难时，你可以向老师寻求帮助。
④Don’t make trouble with me!
别跟我捣乱！
⑤We must thank you for taking the trouble to make us a meal.
我们一定要谢谢你不辞辛苦地为我们做饭。[名师点津] have trouble with sth./(in) doing sth.此结构中的trouble可与difficulty互换。
[知识链接] “in＋抽象名词”表示处于某种状态的短语：
in danger在危险中 in peace和平
in control被控制 in silence沉默
in place在适当的位置 in vain徒劳地◎turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)查阅；转向
①If you are in trouble，please turn to the police for help.
如果你有困难，请向警察求助。
②She turned to the study of medicine after graduation.
毕业后，她致力于医学研究。turn off关掉
turn up 调大
turn on 打开
turn away 走开
turn down 调小；拒绝
turn against 背叛
turn in 上交，交出
turn out 结果是，证明是
turn over 翻过来用turn的短语填空
③He promised to come but hasn’t________yet.
④The experiment________to be a great success.
⑤(2015·高考天津卷)Tom had to________the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.⑥You must________your homework before you leave the classroom.
⑦Don’t forget to________the light when you leave.
⑧The boy is not really reading，just________the book.
答案：③turned up ④turned out ⑤turn down
⑥turn in ⑦turn off ⑧turning over[句式剖析]
本句中，名词man被序数词the first修饰，后面的不定式短语to land on the moon in July 1969为后置定语，修饰the first man。
①He is always the first student to answer questions in class.
在课堂上，他总是第一个回答问题的学生。the first/second...＋名词＋不定式
当名词前有the first，the second等序数词时，后面常用不定式(短语)作后置定语。②Tom is the first person to think of the idea.
汤姆是第一个想到这个主意的人。
③Li Ming was the third to arrive.
李明是第三个到的。
[名师点津] 序数词，最高级，the last，the only等词或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。如：
He was the best man to do the job.他是做这个工作的最佳人选。[句式剖析]
(1)此句为主从复合句，until引导时间状语从句，状语从句中又有where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词stage。
(2)本句have seen的主语是The last thirty years而不是人，在英语中这是一种常见的拟人修辞手法，这种修辞手法使得句子的表达更加生动形象。see在本句表示“目睹；经历；有……经历”之意，类似用法的词还有find，hear，witness等。
①The last ten years has seen the great changes in our city.
我们的城市在过去的10年里发生了巨大变化。②The city has seen many changes.
这个城市经历了许多变化。
③The following year saw the death of his mother.
第二年他的母亲去世了。
④Dusk found the little girl crying in the street.
黄昏时发现那个小女孩独自在街上哭。
⑤The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
1949年中华人民共和国成立了。[句式剖析]
当“only＋状语/状语从句”置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语的前面。
①Only in this way can you learn English well.
只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。
②Only recently have I thought of them.
直到最近我才想起他们。
③Only then did I realize I was wrong.
只有那时我才意识到我错了。
④(2015·高考天津卷)Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
当莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。分析下列句子并把句子补充完整。
⑤Only when the war was over in 1918________he able to return to his home.
⑥Only by studying hard________we make rapid progress in such a short time.
⑦Only yesterday________his father tell him the truth，which was a big surprise to him.
答案：⑤was ⑥can ⑦did[名师点津] (1)当only修饰状语从句时，主句部分倒装，被only修饰的状语从句部分不倒装。
(2)only不置于句首不倒装。
(3)当only修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。
⑧Only the teachers are allowed to use this classroom.
只有老师才被允许使用这间教室。Ⅰ.语境填词
A．根据汉语或首字母提示，写出所缺单词
1．Films that are full of______(暴力)are not good for young kids.
2．People all over the world love to live a p______ life.
3．Activities all take place under the________(指导)of an experienced teacher.
4．It’s wrong for some advertisers to trick customers into buying goods of poor q______.
5．A young boy was________(攻击)by a dog while he was walking in the park.B．填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或用所给词的正确形式填空
6．It’s so______(fair)—she gets more money for less work!
7．Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be________(equal)respected.
8．He is a________(devote)friend of mine，a man I can always depend on.9．We’re just trying to reach a point________both sides will sit down together and talk.
10．Only after Mary read her composition the second time________she notice the spelling mistake.
答案：A.1.violence 2.peaceful 3.guidance 4.quality
5．attacked B．6.unfair 7.equally 8.devoted
9．where 10.didⅡ.选词填空
1．He will________his teacher for help when he meets some difficulties in English.
2．I just can’t understand why he is________ again.He has done so many kinds of jobs.
3．After failing in his business，he________all his time________farming in his hometown.out of work，as a matter of fact，devote...to...，put...in prison，turn to
4．They talked as if they had been friends for years，but________，they met each other just now.
5．The thief will________for stealing quite a few expensive cars.
答案：1.turn to 2.out of work 3.devoted to 4.as a matter of fact 5.be put in prisonⅢ.句型转换
1．You can leave the room only then.
Only then______ ______ ______the room.
2．Eight times eight equals sixty－four.
Eight times eight______ ______ ______sixty－four.
3．I thought he was right，but in fact he was wrong.
I thought he was right，but ______ ______ ______ ______ ______he was wrong.4．His brother lost his job several months ago.
His brother______ ______ ______ ______ ______ for several months.
5．He is a good－hearted lawyer and those in difficulties often ask him for help.
He is a good－hearted lawyer and those in difficulties often______ ______ ______for help.
答案：1.can you leave 2.is equal to 3.as a matter of fact 4.has been out of work 5.turn to himⅣ.完成句子
1．这个小女孩把她的所有时间都用在练习弹钢琴上。
The little girl______ ______ ______ ______ ______practising playing the piano.
2．离开学校后，Mackay曾在一家餐厅工作了一年。
______ ______ ______，Mackay once worked in a restaurant for a year.
3．在过去的二十年里，我的家乡见证了巨变的发生。
My hometown______ ______great changes happening in the past 20 years.4．我希望我永远不会陷入一种我得立即作决定的境地。
I hope that I’ll never fall into a situation______ ______I have to decide immediately.
5．直到关上门，我才意识到我把钥匙忘在书房里了。
Only when I closed the door______ ______ ______I left my keys in the study.
答案：1.devotes/devoted all her time to 2.After leaving school 3.has seen 4.in which/where 5.did I realizeUnit 5 Exercise 1谢谢观看！课件28张PPT。Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern heroPeriod 2 Learning about Language◎lose heart丧失勇气；失去信心
①Don’t lose heart，whatever happens.
无论发生什么事，都不要灰心。
②We shouldn’t lose heart.We may have another try.
我们不应该灰心，我们可以再试一次。learn sth.by heart 背诵，牢记
put one’s heart into 专心于
break one’s heart 使某人伤心
heart and soul 全心全意，完全地
lose one’s heart to 爱上③Serve the people heart and soul.
全心全意为人民服务。
④He learnt the poem_by heart.
他背下了那首诗。
⑤She lost her heart to the handsome guy.
她爱上了这个英俊的小伙子。
⑥You can do anything well if you put your heart into it.
如果你全身心地投入，你什么都能做好。
[名师点津] (1)表示“某人失去信心”，heart前面不能加冠词或者one’s，也不能因为主语是复数而把heart变成hearts，因为这里的heart是抽象意义的名词。
(2)lose one’s heart表示“爱上，倾心于”，和lose heart相差甚远。
(3)lose heart没有被动形式，不用于进行时态。[巧学助记]定语从句(Ⅱ)
一、关系副词引导的定语从句I’ll never forget the time when(＝in which) we worked on the farm.
我将永远不会忘记我们在农场共同工作的时光。
Do you still remember the afternoon when( ＝in which) we first met three years ago?
你还记得三年前我们第一次相见的那个下午吗？
The hotel where(＝at which) we stayed was very clean.
我们住的那个旅馆很干净。Shanghai is the place where(＝in which) she was born.
上海是她的出生地。
The reason why(＝for which) we don’ t trust him is that he often lies.
我们不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。
The reason why(＝for which) he was late was that he missed his train.
他迟到的原因是错过了火车。1．关系副词和关系代词的选择
关系副词和关系代词的选择是根据先行词在定语从句中所作的成分而定的。若是作状语，用关系副词或“介词＋which”；若是作主语或宾语，则用关系代词。
I’ll never forget the days(that/which) I spent with my teacher.(关系代词that/which作spent的宾语)
我永远也忘不了我同老师一起度过的日子。
I’ll never forget the days when I played with you.(关系副词when在从句中作状语)我永远不会忘记和你一起玩耍的日子。The factory (that/which) we visited yesterday was built last year.(关系代词that/which作visited的宾语)昨天我们参观的工厂是去年建成的。
The factory where he works was built last year.(关系副词where在从句中作状语)他工作的那家工厂是去年建成的。
This is the reason (that/which) she gave me for doing it.(关系代词that/which作gave的宾语)
这是她告诉我的做这件事的理由。
Do you know the reason why he came late？(关系副词why在从句中作状语)你知道他迟到的原因吗？2．一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况：如果定语从句分别修饰point，situation，part，condition，stage和case等表示抽象意义的词，也常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。
I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。3．reason后定语从句的引导词
先行词reason之后的定语从句并非总是由关系副词why引导，也可用that或省略。当从句中缺少宾语或主语的时候，关系词要使用代词that或which。
Is this the reason that he explained for his carelessness in his work?
这就是他为工作中的粗心大意所解释的理由吗？
4．way作先行词，其定语从句的引导词通常有三种形式that，in which或省略。
I don’t like the way that/in which/(×)she speaks.
我不喜欢她讲话的方式。二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句类型及注意事项
1．介词＋which
The school in which he once studied is very famous.
他曾经就读过的学校很有名。
2．介词＋whom
This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.
这是昨天跟我打网球的男孩。3．含有介词的固定短语一般不拆开，仍放在动词短语的后面。例如：look for，look after，take care of等。
This is the watch (which/ that) I am looking for.(正)
这就是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking.(误)
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.(正)
护士们照料的婴儿很健康。
The babies after whom the nurses are looking are healthy.(误)4．who和that不能作介词的宾语，介词后关系代词只能用whom(指人)，which(指物)和whose(所有格，既指人也指物)。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正)
你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbour.(误)
The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(正)
我们去加拿大所乘的飞机确实很舒服。
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(误)[名师点睛]使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，选择介词的方法。
①根据动词与介词的搭配。
The dictionary on which he spent 119 yuan was published in Beijing.
他花119元买的词典是在北京出版的。
②根据形容词与介词的搭配。
The student to whom I want to be grateful is Tom.
我想感谢的那个学生是汤姆。
③根据名词与介词的搭配。
Bill likes the way in which the man performs.
比尔喜欢那人的表演方式。
④根据从句的意义来确定介词。
My computer，without which I can’t play computer games，crashed yesterday.
昨天我的电脑系统瘫痪了，没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。 Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．(2015·高考福建卷)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，________shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
2．(2015·高考重庆卷)He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of________were published in the 1990s.
3．Water is a liquid，the boiling point of ______ is 100℃.
4．This is the theatre ______ we’ll visit a well－known pianist.5．I still remember the night ______ she left the house.
6．The reason ______ he was absent is that he was ill.
7．The scientist about ______ we are talking has gone abroad.
8．The ice on ______ you skate must be very hard.
9．The town around ______ I will show you is very beautiful.
10．The room ______ we took pictures is dusty.
答案：1.which 2.which 3.which 4.where 5.when 6.why 7.whom 8.which 9.which 10.whereⅡ.用适当的介词填空
1．This is the countryside________which I spent five years.
2．The car________which I paid 600,000 yuan is expensive.
3．The person________whom I learned much knowledge is a famous expert in agriculture.
4．I remembered the days________which I lived in the village with my grandparents.
5．I have found the hole________which the mouse came into my bedroom.6．The man________whom I spoke just now is our manager.
7．I have lost my glasses, ________which I can’t see clearly.
8．He has three sons，two________whom are famous scholars.
9．The cane______which the old man supports himself when walking is made of steel.
10．The policeman soon got to the corner______which two young men were fighting.
答案：1.in 2.for 3.from 4.during 5.through 6.to 7.without 8.of 9.with 10.atⅢ.用适当的关系词或“介词＋关系代词”合并下列句子
1．The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago.
The house __________ he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.
2．Do you remember the days？On those days we played together.
Do you remember the days __________ we played together?3．The palace was built in the 17th century.I often pay a visit to the palace.
The palace __________ I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.
4．The famous scientist went abroad last year.My father once worked with him in Beijing.
The famous scientist __________ my father once worked in Beijing went abroad last year.
5．I have made a lot of friends in this new school.Most of my friends are crazy about football.
I have made a lot of friends in this new school，most of __________ are crazy about football.
答案：1.where/in which 2.when/on which 3.to which 4.with whom 5.whomUnit 5 Exercise 2谢谢观看！课件56张PPT。Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern heroPeriod 3 Using LanguageⅠ.词义匹配
1．reward A．to get away from a place or dangerous situation
2．escape B．to ask for sth.in an anxious way
3．Educate C．your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject
4．beg D．a feeling of extreme fear5．terror E．to teach or train someone， especially at a school or college
6．opinion F．to give something to someone because they have done something good or helpful
答案：1.F 2.A 3.E 4.B 5.D 6.CⅡ.根据语境写出黑体单词的词性和词义
1．He got a reward for helping them.( )
2．Someone who is educated has a high standard of learning.( )
3．He has been sentenced to pay a fine of 1,000 pounds.( )
4．A prisoner has escaped from a prison in northern England and the police are searching for him.( )
5．If someone is begging it means he/she is asking people to give him/her food or money.( )
6．His opinion differs entirely from mine.( )
答案：1.n.报酬 2.vt.教育 3.vt.判决 4.vi.逃脱 5.vi.乞讨 6.n.看法Ⅲ.根据汉语意思补全短语
1．_______from从……逃跑
2．_______ to power当权；上台
3．_______ sb. for因某事给某人报酬
4．___one’s opinion按某人的观点
5．stop sb. ______ doing sth.阻止某人做某事escapecomerewardinfrom
6．____ prison在狱中
7．____first time第一次
8．be _______ to do sth.自豪地做某事
9．set _____建立
10．be sentenced ____被判……(徒刑)intheproudupto
Ⅰ.Skim the passage and give the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph 1：The life of Elias________.
Paragraph 2：The life of Elias________.
答案：in prison out of prisonⅡ.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．No one escaped from the prison Robben Island.
B．The writer could get a degree in prison.
C．Mandela educated the writer under bad conditions.
D．Mandela led black prisoners to fight against the prison guards.
2．According to Paragraph 2，which statement is NOT true about the writer?
A．He continued his fighting for equal rights
B．He had some difficulty in finding a job
C．He begged for food and help from others
D．When Mandela offered him the job，he refused
3．After Elias was released from prison，______.
A．he only worked for a short time
B．he couldn’t get any job
C．he was glad to work in a post office
D．he went to Mandela for advice
4．About the job taking tourists around the old prison，he______.
A．was willing to accept it at once
B．wrote letters to Mandela for it
C．was encouraged by his family to refuse it
D．often recalled his terrible experience
5．Mandela was set free from prison_________years later than Elias.
A．at least 20 B．more than 10
C．exactly 30 D．nearly 15
答案：1～5.CDADA◎escape vi. & vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；n.逃走，逃脱
①She managed to escape from the burning car.
她成功地从燃烧的汽车里逃出来了。(1)escape＋n./doing避免，逃脱……
escape from＋n. 从……中逃脱
escape from one’s mind/memory
sth. escape(s) sb.某事/某物被某人忘记
(2)have a narrow escape死里逃生
make one’s escape逃跑②Whoever breaks the law won’t escape punishment/being punished.
不管是谁违犯了法律都将无法逃脱惩罚。
③The young man escaped from the prison this morning.
那位年轻人今天早晨从监狱逃跑了。
④He had a narrow escape in the big fire.
他在大火中死里逃生。
⑤Her name never escaped him.
他从来没有忘记她的名字。
[名师点津] escape from后跟地点名词。如：escape from prison“越狱”，escape from school“逃学”。但escape punishment“逃避惩罚”不用from。◎come to power当权；上台
①The new leader has come to power.
新领导上台了。(1)be in power当权；执政
lose power失去权力
(2)do all/everything in one’s power to do sth.竭尽所能做某事
in one’s power在某人能力以内；为某人能力所及
out of/beyond one’s power超出某人的能力②The manager has been in power for nearly six years without any achievement.
那位经理在职近六年，毫无成就。
③If an official doesn’t serve the people heart and soul，he’ll lose power.
如果一名官员不能全心全意为人民服务，他将失去权力。
④The party came to power four years ago.
＝The party has been in power for four years.
这个政党执政有四年了。
⑤I am afraid I can’t help you.It is beyond/out of my power.
恐怕我不能帮你。那是我力所不能及的。 come to power/be in power①He______ ______ ______ at the age of thirty.
他30岁时开始掌权。
②The Party ______ ______ ______ ______since independence in 1964.
该党自1964年独立以来一直执政。
答案：①came to power ②has been in power◎beg vi.请求；乞求(begged，begged)
①The old man was so poor that he had to beg in the street.
那位老人迫于贫困，只好沿街乞讨。(1)beg for 乞求得到；请求得到
beg(sb.)to do sth. 乞求(某人)做某事
beg sth.of/from sb.＝beg sb.for sth. 向某人要(求)某物
beg one’s pardon对不起；没有听清，请求别人再重复一次，此时多用升调
(2)beggar n．乞丐②She ran to the nearest house and begged for help.
她跑到最近的人家请求帮助。
③In order to hand in his paper on time，he begged me for help.
为了按时完成论文，他请求我帮忙。
④She begged her father to forgive her.她恳求她父亲原谅她。
◎reward n．报酬；奖金；vt.酬劳；奖赏
①He gave the boy a reward of $100 for bringing back the lost dog.
他奖励小男孩100美元，因为他送回了丢失的狗。
②They rewarded the winners with fruits and flowers.
他们奖给优胜者一些水果和鲜花。(1)as a reward for作为对……的报酬/ 奖赏
in reward for 作为对……的酬报
give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.
因为某事而给某人报酬
(2)reward sb.for sth./doing sth.
为(做)某事而报答某人
reward sb.with sth.用某物奖赏某人③Her mother rewarded her for her passing the examination.
她妈妈因为她通过了考试而奖赏她。
④The young man received a medal in reward for his bravery.
那位年轻人因勇敢获得一枚奖章。
⑤The old man rewarded the little girl with a lot of candy for helping him clean his house.
这位老人给了那个小女孩许多糖果作为帮他打扫屋子的奖励。 reward/award/prize用award，reward，prize填空。
①Patrick Modiano was________the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2014.
②She started singing to the baby and was________with a smile.
③It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to________.
④She won first________in the 100 metres race.
答案：①awarded ②rewarded ③rewards ④prize◎set up竖起；设立；建立
写出set up在句中的含义：
①For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll set up my own business some day.( )
②The moment they arrived there，they began to set up the tent.( )
③We decided to set up a fund for the Hope Project.( )设立，建立竖起，搭起设立set off出发；启程；引爆；引起，激发
set out 出发；动身
set down 写下；记下
set aside 留下；把……置于一边
set about 着手；开始④A letter from home set off an attack of his homesickness.
一封家信一下子唤起了他的思乡之情。
⑤I’ll set about preparing supper.
我去准备晚饭。
⑥He set out to do a lot of things，but didn’t succeed.
他着手做许多事情，但都没有成功。◎sentence vt.判决；宣判n.判决；句子
①He is serving a sentence of six months in prison.
他正在狱中服刑，刑期6个月。sentence vt.判决；宣判
be sentenced to被判处……(徒刑)
sentence sb. to do判决……接受……的刑罚
sentence sb. to death判处某人死刑②The thief was sentenced to three years in prison.
这个小偷被判三年徒刑。
③The famous star has been sentenced to pay a fine of 1,000,000 yuan for escaping tax.
那位明星因脱逃税款被判罚款100万元。
④The murderer was sentenced to death.
杀人犯被判死刑。[句式剖析]
should have done意为“过去本应该做某事而没做”，有时含有责备的语气。shouldn’t have done指“本不应该做某事而做了”。①“You should have finished your homework”，said the teacher.
老师说：“你本该完成你的家庭作业。”(暗含作业未完成，有责备的语气)
②(2015·高考福建卷)—Sorry，Mum!
I failed the job interview again.
—Oh，it’s too bad.You should have made full preparations.
——很抱歉，妈妈，我的面试又失败了。
——噢，真是太糟糕了，你本应该做好充分准备的。
③You shouldn’t have told him that，for it is a secret.
你本不该告诉他那件事，因为那是秘密。(暗含秘密已泄露，含责备的语气)
④I shouldn’t have treated you in such bad manners this morning.
我上午本不应该以那样不礼貌的方式对待你。[句式剖析]
本句含有一个由the first time引导的时间状语从句。the first time用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”
①He was a school teacher the first time I saw him.
当我第一次见到他的时候，他是一所学校的老师。
②The first time I interviewed him，he looked a bit nervous.
我第一次采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。引导时间状语从句的词或短语还有every time，each time，the last time，next time，the moment，the minute，immediately，directly，instantly等，起从属连词的作用。③Every/Each time I was in trouble，he would come to help me out.
每一次我遇到麻烦，他都会来帮我摆脱困境。
④The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
这个男孩一看到妈妈，就立刻哭了起来。
⑤The last time I saw him，he was playing by the river.
我最后一次见到他时，他正在河边玩耍。
⑥Next time you come to Beijing，please come to my home.
下次你来北京请到我家来。Ⅰ.语境填词
A．根据汉语或首字母提示，写出所缺单词
1．Just a few years ago，Tanya was homeless and______(乞求，乞讨)for money in front of the supermarket.
2．They managed to e______ from the burning building by breaking down the door.
3．What is your o______ about family planning?
4．You can watch TV for an hour tonight as a r______for doing so well in the test.
5．She was filled with great anger at the sight of________(残忍)to animals.B．填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或用所给词的正确形式填空
6．His grandma is a well________(educate)woman.
7．When it was time to go，they left ______(willing)．
8．It was the third time that the old woman________(inform)in danger.
9．He thought of a very good way to stop the car from________(steal)．
10．Whenever we are in trouble，we should never lose________.
答案：A.1.begging 2.escape 3.opinion 4.reward 5.cruelty B．6.educated 7.unwillingly 8.had been informed 9.being stolen 10.heartⅡ.选词填空
1．He____________his own business after he graduated from university.
2．They didn’t____________though they suffered so many failures.
3．It’s a terrible shame，____________，that the building was knocked down.lose heart，in one’s opinion，come to power，set up，be sentenced to 4．She married a young man who was once a thief and____________prison for two years.
5．After the new president ____________，he made a wonderful speech.
答案：1.set up 2.lose heart 3.in my opinion 4.was sentenced to 5.came to powerⅢ.完成句子
1．在掌权之前，他曾经坐了几年牢。
Before he ______ ______ ______，he was once put in prison for years.
2．他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏了他。
They ______ ______ ______ ______ the little child.
3．新政府于战后成立。
A new government ______ ______ ______after the war.4．在过去5年里，这个地区有23个人被判了死刑。
In the last 5 years,23 men ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
5．我第一次爬到房顶时，感到紧张不安。
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ onto the roof I felt nervous.
答案：1.came to power 2.rewarded him for saving
3．was set up 4.have been sentenced to death in the area 5.The first time I climbedUnit 5 Exercise 3谢谢观看！课件24张PPT。Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern heroPeriod 4 Writing在写人物介绍类文章时，可以用第一人称，也可以用第三人称。时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。具体的人称和时态要依据写作的要求来确定。在写作的过程中要注意以下几个方面：
1．在进行人物写作时，通常需要介绍人物的姓名、年龄、外貌、性格、教育背景、工作经历、爱好、事迹等，但英语写作需要严格按照写作要求来写，内容要包括所给的全部信息，既不能遗漏，也不能随意添加。人物介绍类文章的写作2．对题目所给的信息要进行适当重组，安排好写作顺序，突出重点信息。重点信息通常是写作的目的所在，比如求职要重点突出学历、工作经历，新闻报道要重点突出事迹，人物介绍类文章要突出人物的特点等。
3．熟练掌握描写人物的词汇和句型，并能正确运用它们。
4．注意正确运用时态。描写人物的外貌、性格、爱好等常用一般现在时，而介绍人物的出生时间及地点、教育背景、工作经历和事迹则常用一般过去时。[常用表达]
描述人物特征的词语有：
friendly和蔼可亲的
considerate体贴的
generous大方的；宽宏大量的
hospitable殷勤的，好客的
strong－willed意志坚强的
aggressive好斗的；气势汹汹的
ambitious有雄心的arrogant傲慢的
competent/capable足以胜任的；有能力的
dependable/reliable可靠的
depressed意志消沉的
determined坚决的
easy－going悠闲的；随和的
enthusiastic热情的；热烈的
industrious/diligent勤奋的
indifferent漠不关心；不感兴趣
learned有学问的：博学的常用句型：
1．...was one of the greatest...in the 20th century.
……是20世纪最伟大的……之一。
2．...was born in...……出生于……
3．...is the one who impresses me most.
……是我印象最深刻的一个。
4．compared with...和……相比
5．...is such a learned/strong－willed person that we all admire him/her.
……是一个如此博学/意志顽强的人，我们都很钦佩他/她。
6．He/She devoted all his/her life to...
他/她把毕生都致力于……
7．In my opinion，...以我的观点来看，……[写作模板]
模板1
Born in (出生地)，(人物)was/is (职业或头衔)．When he/she was young，(事件)．In (时间)，(事件)，From (时间) to (时间)，he/she (事件或经历)．He/She made a great contribution to(成就或成绩)．
模板2
(人物) is (职业或头衔)．He/She is about (年龄)．He/She is (特征)．He/She likes (特长或爱好)．(主要经历)．We all love and respect him/her.请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：
1．对该人物的简单介绍；
2．喜欢该人物的理由；
3．从该人物身上得到的启示。[思路点拨]
1．认真审题，理解主题
该书面表达把图表和提纲结合起来，综合考查考生的英语语言运用能力，同时也兼顾开放性，给考生留有一定的发挥空间。考生可以从三个人物中任选一位进行写作。写作前要明确文章的主题，写作时要注意人称和时态的变化。
主题：名人简介
人称：第一或第三人称
时态：以一般现在时和一般过去时为主2．列出要点，写出提纲
写人物介绍类文章时，要用典型的事例和行为来描写人物的特征。结合题目要求，本篇的写作要点是很明确的。
3．增加细节，润色充实
在抓住写作要点的基础上适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。此外，合理安排写作内容，做到重点突出、详略得当。就该书面表达来说，考生要明确以下几点：
(1)对该人物的简单介绍(简要介绍其生平、成就)；
(2)喜欢该人物的理由(突出其重大贡献和历史地位)；
(3)从该人物身上得到的启示(谈谈个人的感想、打算)。
4．巧妙过渡，行文流畅
理清句子之间的逻辑关系，使用恰当的过渡词(如since then，and，but等)，以使语意连贯、衔接紧密。[佳作展示]
Sample 1：
Mo Yan，a famous Chinese writer，was born in Gaomi county，Shandong Province in 1955.He is famous for his series of works of local land that are full of emotions about the hometown.And he has had many experiences in the countryside and taken many writing materials there.Up till now，he has written 80 short stories，more than 30 long stories and 11 novels.What impresses most of us is that one of his novels named Red Sorghum Clan was adapted into a film.Most importantly，he is the first Chinese writer who wins the Nobel Prize in Literature.Sample 2：
Steve Jobs，the godfather of Apple，was born in San Francisco，California，USA in 1955 and passed away in 2011.He was not only an inventor，but also the ex－CEO of Apple Inc.，with iPod，iPhone，iPad and so on as all his masterpieces.Jobs has changed our modern means of communication，entertainment and lifestyle，as well as enabling the once rare and expensive electronic products to become part of our life.His life has a great effect on all the world.More importantly，he has some famous sayings，including “stay hungry，stay foolish”，which encourage us teenagers to face the challenges bravely.Sample 3：
William Shakespeare，the great British writer，was born in 1564 and passed away in 1616.Hamlet and The Merchant of Venice are two of his famous works.
All his life，Shakespeare wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.I like him because his comedies and tragedies bring me into a fantastic world；I love him because his poems let me enjoy the beauty of the English language；I admire him for his works teaching me how to lead a meaningful life!
His famous saying “Life is a stage...”is quite popular.On this stage, everyone has his own role to play and I will try my best to play my role well.最近，你班将举办一次英语演讲活动，要求每个同学都讲述一位自己心目中的伟人。请根据下表提示，写一篇演讲稿，介绍俄罗斯总统——弗拉基米尔·普京。注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.参考词汇：选举election；任期term
[妙笔成篇]
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__________________________________________One possible version：
I think Vladimir Putin，who was born on October 7th,1952，is a great person.Putin graduated from Leningrad State University，where he studied law，in 1975.In 2000，he won the election and became President of Russia for the first time.In 2004 he was reelected for a second term and served as President until May,2008.In May,2012，Vladimir Putin became President of Russia again.
I think Putin is a great person because he impresses me as a powerful politician，who has helped Russia become stronger and stronger during his terms.Unit 5 Exercise 4谢谢观看！
