Module 8 Sports life 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
stand for /st nd f (r)/ 代表;是……的缩写 短语动词 搭配体育赛事/组织缩写,例:What does HAS stand for It stands for Haidian All-Star.(HAS代表什么?它代表海淀全明星)
memory / mem ri/ 记忆;回忆 n. 搭配in one’s memory(在某人记忆中),例:If my memory is correct, Liu Xiang won the gold medal in 2004.(如果我没记错,刘翔2004年获得了金牌)
decision /d s n/ 决定 n. 搭配make a decision(做决定),例:The coach’s decision helped the team win the game.(教练的决定帮助球队赢得了比赛)
excuse / k skju s/ 借口;理由 n. 搭配make an excuse(找借口),例:That’s no excuse! You should train harder.(那不是借口!你应该更努力训练)
noon /nu n/ 中午;正午 n. 搭配at noon(在正午),例:The match will start at noon tomorrow.(比赛明天正午开始)
seat /si t/ 座位;座椅 n. 搭配take a seat(就座),例:If you want good seats, you should arrive early.(想要好座位,你应该早点到)
fair /fe (r)/ 公平的;合理的 adj. 搭配a fair match(公平的比赛),例:It was a fair competition and we accepted the result.(这是一场公平的比赛,我们接受结果)
kick /k k/ 踢 v. 搭配kick the ball(踢球),例:He kicked the ball into the goal and won the game.(他把球踢进球门,赢得了比赛)
mad /m d/ 生气的;恼火的 adj. 搭配be mad at sb.(生某人的气),例:He’s so mad at us that he’ll try harder to win.(他对我们很恼火,会更努力争取胜利)
sportsman / sp tsm n/ 运动员(男) n. 复数sportsmen,搭配a famous sportsman(著名运动员),例:Liu Xiang is a great Chinese sportsman.(刘翔是中国伟大的运动员)
ability / b l ti/ 能力;才能 n. 搭配have the ability to do(有做某事的能力),例:She has the ability to run very fast.(她有跑得很快的能力)
hurdling / h dl / 跨栏赛跑 n. 搭配hurdling race(跨栏比赛),例:Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by his coach.(刘翔的跨栏能力被教练发现)
race /re s/ 赛跑;比赛 n./v. 名词搭配100-metre race(100米赛跑),动词搭配race against sb.(和某人赛跑),例:He won the 400-metre race easily.(他轻松赢得了400米赛跑)
record /r k d/(v.)/ rek d/(n.) 记录;纪录 v./n. 动词搭配record the score(记录比分),名词搭配break the record(打破纪录),例:He broke the national record in the high jump.(他打破了跳高全国纪录)
method / meθ d/ 方法;办法 n. 搭配training method(训练方法),例:The coach taught us a new training method.(教练教了我们一种新的训练方法)
Asian / e n/ 亚洲的;亚洲人 adj./n. 搭配Asian Games(亚运会),例:She won a gold medal at the Asian Games.(她在亚运会上获得了金牌)
suffer / s f (r)/ 遭受;忍受 v. 搭配suffer from(遭受……),例:He suffered from a foot injury but still kept training.(他脚受伤了,但仍坚持训练)
courage / k r d / 勇气;胆量 n. 搭配have the courage to do(有做某事的勇气),例:She showed great courage to face the difficult training.(她展现出面对艰苦训练的巨大勇气)
pride /pra d/ 自豪;骄傲 n. 搭配take pride in(为……自豪),例:We take great pride in our team’s victory.(我们为球队的胜利感到无比自豪)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
stand for 代表;是……的缩写 What does “UN” stand for It stands for the United Nations.(“UN”代表什么?它代表联合国)
no way 绝不;不可能 - Do you think they’ll lose - No way! They’re the best team.(-你认为他们会输吗?-绝不可能!他们是最棒的球队)
take pride in 为……感到自豪 His parents take pride in his achievements in sports.(他的父母为他在体育方面的成就感到自豪)
suffer from 遭受……痛苦;因……受苦 Many athletes suffer from injuries during training.(很多运动员在训练中遭受伤病之苦)
stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 The rain didn’t stop them from having the match.(下雨没能阻止他们举行比赛)
first place 第一名;冠军 She worked hard and finally got first place in the competition.(她努力训练,最终在比赛中获得冠军)
high jump 跳高 He started training for the high jump when he was 10 years old.(他10岁时开始练习跳高)
break the record 打破纪录 He tried his best to break the school’s running record.(他尽全力想要打破学校的跑步纪录)
at noon 在正午 The final match will begin at noon this Saturday.(决赛将于本周六正午开始)
training method 训练方法 The new training method helped the team improve quickly.(新的训练方法帮助球队快速进步)
sportsperson 运动员(男女通用) She is a top sportsperson who has won many international prizes.(她是一位赢得过许多国际奖项的顶尖运动员)
in one’s memory 在某人记忆中 In my memory, that was the most exciting match I’ve ever watched.(在我记忆中,那是我看过最激动人心的比赛)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
一般过去时被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者) 某人/某物过去被…… Liu Xiang was encouraged to train for the high jump at first.(刘翔起初被鼓励练习跳高) 强调过去的被动动作,适配描述运动员的经历、赛事的安排,by后接动作执行者(可省略)
询问赛事缩写:What does + 缩写 + stand for ……代表什么? What does “HAS” stand for (“HAS”代表什么?) 体育场景高频交际句型,用于询问赛事、球队缩写含义
表达不可能:No way! 绝不可能! - Will they lose the match - No way!(-他们会输掉比赛吗?-绝不可能!) 口语化表达,语气强烈,适配比赛前的信心表达
描述运动员被发现:sb.’s ability in + 运动 + was noticed by + 某人 某人在……运动中的能力被……发现 Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.(刘翔的跨栏能力被孙海平发现) 用被动语态客观描述运动员的成长经历
表达对比赛的看法:It’s a pity that + 从句 很遗憾…… It’s a pity that she couldn’t take part in the Olympics.(很遗憾她不能参加奥运会) 用于表达对赛事结果、运动员境遇的惋惜
提建议:Why don’t you + 动词原形 你为什么不……? Why don’t you join the school sports team (你为什么不加入学校运动队呢?) 口语化提建议,适配鼓励他人参与体育活动
描述赛事结果:sb. was beaten by + 对手 某人被……打败 Our team was beaten by the visiting team yesterday.(我们队昨天被客队打败了) 用被动语态描述比赛结果,简洁客观
四、语法拓展:一般过去时被动语态详解
核心构成(与一般现在时被动语态对比)
时态 肯定句结构 否定句结构 一般疑问句结构
一般过去时被动 主语 + was/were + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) 主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者)
一般现在时被动(回顾) 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) 主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者)