Module 4 Home alone 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
platform / pl tf m/ 月台;站台 n. 搭配train platform(火车站台),例:Their train is leaving from Platform 2.(他们的火车将从2号月台出发)
meeting / mi t / 会议;集会 n. 搭配business meeting(商务会议),例:The meeting in Lhasa is very important for them.(拉萨的会议对他们来说至关重要)
miss /m s/ 错过;未出席 v. 搭配miss school(缺课),例:She can’t miss two weeks of school.(她不能缺课两周)
shut / t/ 关闭;合上 v. 过去式/过去分词shut,搭配shut the door(关门),例:Shut the door when you’re in and lock it when you go out.(在家时关上门,出门时锁好)
lock /l k/ 锁;锁住 v./n. 动词搭配lock the window(锁窗户),例:Don’t forget to lock the door before leaving.(离开前别忘了锁门)
simple / s mpl/ 简单的;容易的 adj. 搭配simple meals(简单的饭菜),例:I can cook simple meals like noodles.(我会做面条这类简单的饭菜)
anybody / eni b di/ 任何人 pron. 用于否定句/疑问句,例:There won’t be anybody to wake you up in the morning.(早上不会有人叫醒你)
clock /kl k/ 时钟;钟 n. 搭配alarm clock(闹钟),例:My clock rings so loudly that it will certainly wake me up.(我的闹钟响得很响,肯定能叫醒我)
ring /r / 鸣响;铃声 v./n. 过去式rang,过去分词rung,例:The clock rings at 6 o’clock every morning.(闹钟每天早上6点响)
passenger / p s nd / 乘客;旅客 n. 搭配train passenger(火车乘客),例:All passengers for Train T27 should go to Platform 2.(所有T27次列车的乘客请前往2号月台)
address / dres/ 地址;住址 n. 搭配home address(家庭地址),例:Mum forgot to give Betty their address in Lhasa.(妈妈忘了给贝蒂他们在拉萨的地址)
text /tekst/ 短信;文本 n./v. 名词搭配text message(短信),例:Send me a text message when you arrive.(到达后给我发个短信)
couple / k pl/ 一对;两个 n. 搭配a couple of(几个;一对),例:See you in a couple of weeks!(几周后见!)
actually / kt u li/ 实际上;事实上 adv. 用于强调事实,例:Actually, they managed every minute of my life.(实际上,他们安排了我生活的每一分钟)
manage / m n d / 管理;设法做到 v. 搭配manage to do(设法做某事),例:He managed to cook simple rice finally.(他最终设法做出了简单的米饭)
unhappy / n h pi/ 不高兴的;不开心的 adj. 反义词happy,例:I felt a bit unhappy with my parents’ orders.(我对父母的命令有点不高兴)
burn /b n/ 燃烧;烧焦 v. 过去式/过去分词burnt/burned,例:I tried to cook rice but burnt it.(我试着煮米饭,却把它烧焦了)
cup /k p/ 杯子;茶杯 n. 搭配coffee cup(咖啡杯),例:I dropped my father’s cup when I was cooking.(我做饭时摔碎了爸爸的杯子)
task /tɑ sk/ 任务;工作 n. 搭配daily tasks(日常任务),例:Cooking and tidying up are basic life tasks.(做饭和整理是基本的生活任务)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
look after oneself 照顾自己 Betty said she can look after herself at home alone.(贝蒂说她独自在家能照顾好自己)
on one’s own 独自;独立地 He had to finish the task on his own.(他不得不独自完成这项任务)
turn off 关闭;关掉(设备) Turn off the TV when you go to bed.(睡觉前关掉电视)
wake up 醒来;叫醒 I wake up at 7 o’clock every morning without an alarm.(没有闹钟我每天早上7点也能醒)
hand in 提交;上交 You must hand in your homework on time.(你必须按时上交作业)
on business 出差 My parents had to go away on business for a few days.(我父母不得不出差几天)
a couple of 几个;两三个 We’ll stay here for a couple of days.(我们会在这里待几天)
all day long 整天;一整天 He played computer games all day long when his parents were away.(父母不在时,他整天都在玩电脑游戏)
put up 张贴;举起 Put up the notice on the wall, please.(请把通知贴在墙上)
take care of 照顾;照料 She took care of her little sister when her parents were out.(父母外出时,她照顾妹妹)
be worried about 担心;担忧 Mum is worried about Betty staying at home alone.(妈妈担心贝蒂独自在家)
fall asleep 入睡;睡着 It took him a long time to fall asleep last night.(他昨晚花了很久才睡着)
tidy up 整理;收拾 You should tidy up your bedroom before your parents come back.(父母回来前你应该整理好卧室)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
让步状语从句(although):Although + 从句, 主句 尽管……,但是…… Although it won’t be easy for me, I can look after myself.(尽管这对我来说不容易,但我能照顾好自己) although不可与but连用,表转折关系,从句可放主句前或后
结果状语从句(so…that…):主语 + be/实义动词 + so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句 如此……以至于…… My clock rings so loudly that it will certainly wake me up.(我的闹钟响得如此大声,肯定能叫醒我) so后接形容词/副词原级,that从句表程度导致的结果
倒装句(So am I):So + be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 我也一样(表赞同) Mum: I’m sorry you can’t come with us. Betty: So am I.(妈妈:很遗憾你不能和我们一起去。贝蒂:我也一样) 用于肯定前面的情况,主语与前句不同
主语 + be going to + 动词原形 计划/打算做某事 They are going to visit friends in Shandong.(他们打算去山东拜访朋友) 表事先计划好的动作,适配假期安排场景
主语 + have to + 动词原形 不得不;必须 I have to finish my homework before watching TV.(我必须先完成作业再看电视) 强调客观要求,不同于主观意愿的must
It’s + 形容词 + to + 动词原形 + at home alone 独自在家做某事是……的 It’s important to learn to cook when staying at home alone.(独自在家时,学会做饭很重要) 强调独自居家的技能重要性,适配生活场景
四、语法拓展:让步状语从句(although)与结果状语从句(so…that…)详解
核心连词用法对比
连词 功能 从句特点 例句(单元语境)
although 表让步(转折) 从句描述与主句相反的情况,可放主句前(加逗号)或后 Although Kevin is alone, he is very happy at first.(尽管凯文独自一人,但他一开始很开心)
so…that… 表结果 so后接形容词/副词原级,that从句表主句程度引发的结果 He was so angry that he wished all his family would go away.(他如此生气,以至于希望全家人都离开)