Unit 1 Sports 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年北师大版英语八年级上册

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名称 Unit 1 Sports 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年北师大版英语八年级上册
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更新时间 2026-01-05 19:26:53

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Unit 1 Sports 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
sport /sp t/ 运动;体育 n. 搭配do sports(做运动)、popular sport(流行运动),例:Basketball is my favourite sport.(篮球是我最喜欢的运动)
Olympics / l mp ks/ 奥林匹克运动会 n. 搭配Summer/Winter Olympics(夏季/冬季奥运会)、host the Olympics(举办奥运会),例:Beijing hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics.(北京举办了2022年冬奥会)
athlete / θli t/ 运动员 n. 搭配top athlete(顶尖运动员)、professional athlete(职业运动员),例:She dreams of becoming an Olympic athlete.(她梦想成为一名奥运运动员)
motto / m t / 座右铭;格言 n. 搭配Olympic motto(奥林匹克格言),例:The Olympic motto is "Faster, Higher, Stronger - Together".(奥林匹克格言是“更快、更高、更强——更团结”)
championship / t mpi n p/ 锦标赛;冠军地位 n. 搭配win a championship(赢得冠军)、world championship(世界锦标赛),例:She helped the team win five world championships.(她帮助球队赢得了五次世界冠军)
coach /k t / 教练;指导 n./v. 名词搭配head coach(主教练),动词搭配coach a team(执教球队),例:Lang Ping was the head coach of the Chinese womens volleyball team.(郎平是中国女排主教练)
balance / b l ns/ 平衡;使平衡 n./v. 搭配balance A and B(平衡A和B)、keep balance(保持平衡),例:We need to balance sports and studies.(我们需要平衡运动和学习)
improve / m pru v/ 改进;提高 v. 搭配improve skills(提升技能)、improve oneself(提升自我),例:The more you practise, the more you will improve.(练习越多,进步越大)
focus / f k s/ 专注;焦点 v./n. 动词搭配focus on(专注于),例:Focus on your schoolwork in class.(课堂上专注于学业)
spirit / sp r t/ 精神;意志 n. 搭配sports spirit(体育精神)、team spirit(团队精神),例:The spirit of the Chinese womens volleyball team never fades.(中国女排精神永不褪色)
comparative /k m p r t v/ 比较级的 adj. 搭配comparative adjectives(形容词比较级),例:We use comparative forms to show differences.(我们用比较级形式表示差异)
superlative /su p l t v/ 最高级的 adj. 搭配superlative adverbs(副词最高级),例:She runs the fastest in our class.(她是我们班跑得最快的)
prefer /pr f (r)/ 较喜欢;宁愿 v. 搭配prefer doing sth.(更喜欢做某事)、prefer A to B(比起B更喜欢A),例:He prefers playing football to basketball.(比起篮球,他更喜欢踢足球)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
take part (in) 参加;参与 Many athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympics.(来自世界各地的许多运动员参加奥运会)
do ones best 竭尽全力;尽最大努力 Athletes should do their best during the competition.(运动员应在比赛中竭尽全力)
set time for 为……安排时间 I set time for running every morning.(我每天早上安排时间跑步)
focus on 集中注意力于;专注于 When studying, focus on your tasks and dont get distracted.(学习时专注于任务,不要分心)
wear out 穿破;磨损;耗尽 She wore out a pair of shoes every month because of hard training.(由于训练刻苦,她每个月都穿破一双鞋)
step down 辞职;退位 Lang Ping stepped down as head coach after the Tokyo Olympics.(东京奥运会后,郎平辞去主教练一职)
lie in 存在于;在于 The spirit of sports lies in never giving up.(体育精神在于永不放弃)
give up 放弃;认输 Never give up even when you face difficulties.(即使面临困难,也永不放弃)
keep fit 保持健康;保持体型 Doing sports regularly helps us keep fit.(定期做运动帮助我们保持健康)
from all walks of life 各行各业;各界 Lang Pings spirit inspires people from all walks of life.(郎平的精神激励着各行各业的人)
a survey report 调查报告 We need to write a survey report on classmates sports habits.(我们需要写一份关于同学运动习惯的调查报告)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
询问运动喜好:What sport do you prefer Why 你更喜欢什么运动?为什么? A: What sport do you prefer B: I prefer swimming because its relaxing.(A:你更喜欢什么运动?B:我喜欢游泳,因为它很放松) 用于日常交流,prefer后接动名词或名词,回答用because说明原因
描述运动好处:Doing sports can + 动词原形 + 其他. 做运动能…… Doing sports can keep us healthy and improve our teamwork.(做运动能让我们保持健康,提升团队合作能力) 用动名词作主语,can后接动词原形,强调运动的多重益处
比较级句型:A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B. A比B更…… The modern Olympics are bigger than the ancient ones.(现代奥运会比古代奥运会规模更大) 形容词/副词比较级表两者差异,不规则变化需记忆(good→better)
递进句型:The more..., the more.... 越……,越…… The more you practise playing the piano, the better you will be.(钢琴练得越多,你弹得越好) 前后均用比较级,表“一方变化带动另一方变化”,中间用逗号隔开
最高级句型:A + be/动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围(in/of...). A是……中最……的 Lang Ping is one of the most respected coaches in China.(郎平是中国最受尊敬的教练之一) 三者及以上比较用最高级,形容词最高级前加the,范围用in/of引出
介绍奥运会:The Olympics + 谓语 + 相关信息(history/symbol/motto). 奥运会……(历史/象征/格言) The Olympic rings symbolise the union of the five continents.(奥林匹克五环象征五大洲的团结) 用于客观介绍奥运会核心信息,用一般现在时
描述运动员经历:主语 + 动词过去式 + 运动相关事件. 某人(过去)做了与运动相关的事 She joined the national team at 18 and won many championships.(她18岁加入国家队,赢得了许多冠军) 用一般过去时描述过去的经历,动词需变过去式
四、语法拓展:比较级形容词/副词 + The more...the more... + 最高级形容词/副词详解
1. 比较级形容词/副词(单元核心考点)
构成规则 示例(形容词/副词) 单元例句
单音节词:直接加-er tall→taller、fast→faster He runs faster than his brother.(他比他哥哥跑得快)
以不发音e结尾:加-r late→later、nice→nicer The meeting will start later than planned.(会议会比计划晚开始)
辅音+y结尾:变y为i加-er happy→happier、easy→easier Its easier to keep fit if you exercise regularly.(定期运动的话,保持健康更简单)
重读闭音节(辅+元+辅):双写尾字母加-er thin→thinner、big→bigger The new stadium is bigger than the old one.(新体育场比旧的大)
多音节/部分双音节词:加more important→more important、carefully→more carefully Sports are more important than we think.(运动比我们想象的更重要)
不规则变化(需特殊记忆) good/well→better、bad/badly→worse、much/many→more She plays volleyball better than anyone else in the team.(她在队里排球打得比谁都好)
用法 表两者之间的差异,常用than连接比较对象;as...as表“和……一样”,否定式not as/so...as The first modern Olympics were not as big as todays.(第一届现代奥运会没有现在的规模大)
2. The more..., the more...(单元核心考点)
结构 含义 单元例句 说明
The + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 越……,越…… The more you train, the stronger you will become.(训练越多,你会变得越强壮) 前半句表条件,后半句表结果,前后均用形容词/副词比较级
拓展 可省略重复部分 The more you practise, the better (you play).(练习越多,打得越好) 省略重复的谓语部分,使表达更简洁
3. 最高级形容词/副词(单元核心考点)
构成规则 示例(形容词/副词) 单元例句
单音节词:直接加-est tall→tallest、fast→fastest She is the tallest in our class.(她是我们班最高的)
以不发音e结尾:加-st late→latest、nice→nicest This is the latest news about the Olympics.(这是关于奥运会的最新消息)
辅音+y结尾:变y为i加-est happy→happiest、easy→easiest This is the easiest way to improve your skills.(这是提升技能最简便的方法)
重读闭音节(辅+元+辅):双写尾字母加-est thin→thinnest、big→biggest Its the biggest stadium in the city.(这是这座城市最大的体育场)
多音节/部分双音节词:加most important→most important、carefully→most carefully He trains the most carefully in the team.(他在队里训练最认真)
不规则变化(需特殊记忆) good/well→best、bad/badly→worst、much/many→most Lang Ping is one of the best coaches in the world.(郎平是世界上最优秀的教练之一)
用法 表三者及以上中“最……”,前加the,后接范围(in/of...) She is the most popular athlete in our school.(她是我们学校最受欢迎的运动员)
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