2020-2025年高考英语 完形填空 记叙文 真题及模拟题 命题细目表（含答案）

2020-2025年高考英语 完形填空 记叙文 真题及模拟题
命题细目表 教师版
序号 试卷 体裁 主题语境 主题内容 词数要求 难度
1.高考 2025年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 搬家趣事 250词左右 中等偏上
2.高考 2025年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 老奶奶健身 220词 中等
3.高考 2025年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与社会 利用社交平台分享烹饪 200词左右 中等偏上
4.模拟 2025年八省联考 记叙文 人与自然 鸽子找回项链 215词左右 中等
5.高考 2024年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 如何看待运动 240词左右 中等
6.高考 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 定居意大利 230词左右 中等
7.高考 2024年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与社会 一段不寻常火车之旅 230词左右 中等偏上
8.模拟 2024年九省联考 记叙文 人与社会 陌生人帮我修车 205词左右 容易
9.高考 2023年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 背着对手完成比赛 230词左右 中等偏上
10.高考 2023年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 帮宠物搬家 220词左右 容易
11.高考 2023年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与自我 采蜜经历 240词左右 中等偏上
12.模拟 2023年四省联考 记叙文 人与自我 父母对孩子的影响 250词左右 中等
13.高考 2022年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 露营经历 240词左右 中等偏上
14.高考 2022年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 当看房人，环球旅行 210词左右 中等
15.高考 2021年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 蛋糕厂打工 220词左右 中等偏上
16.高考 2021年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 擅长语言的警察 210词左右 中等
17.模拟 2021年八省联考 记叙文 人与社会 从一次理发的玩笑中学会尊重他人 210词左右 容易
18.高考 2020年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自然 青少年种树，为野生动物重建家园 225词左右 中等偏上
19.高考 2020年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 火灾救援 220词左右 中等
20.模拟 2020年山东海南两省联考 记叙文 人与自然 住在树上，抗议砍伐 210词左右 中等
完形填空（教师版）
一、人与社会—人际交往—搬家趣事
2025年新课标Ⅰ卷
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41. ________ the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42. ________ we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43. ________ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44. ________ with things that, while not particularly 45. ________, didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46. ________, another asking for a price cut. As our 47. ________ day drew near, I settled on a new price($0) and reposted it. The 48. ________: "I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49. ________, I posted more. My daily posts and the 50. ________ I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51. ________ the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52. ________
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53. ________ that share our small space. I take 54. ________ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55. ________ something that couldn't come with us.
41. A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
43. A. store B. display C. sell D. repair
44. A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
46. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
48. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
49. A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
50. A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money
51. A. remove B. spare C. find D. check
52. A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended
53. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings
54. A. joy B. part C. care D. time
55. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C
49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者在搬家过程中，通过在线分享和赠送家中闲置物品，不仅减少了浪费，还与陌生人建立了连接，最终在新环境中感受到物品流转带来的温暖。
41. C 根据前文 “My husband and I had just sold our house” 可知，作者卖掉房子后需要清理房屋，“emptying out” 表示 “清空”，与 “搬家处理房屋物品” 的语境相符，而 “painting over”（粉刷覆盖）、“looking around”（四处查看）、“pulling down”（拆除）均不符合该语境，所以选 C 项。
42. D 依据后文 “I sit in my apartment today” 可知，作者搬到了公寓，“apartment” 与 “moving to in town” 的居住场景语境匹配，“hotel”（酒店）、“office”（办公室）、“cottage”（小屋）均不符合上下文语境，因此选 D 项。
43. A 由 “rented a place” 和 “supposedly important objects” 可知，租地方是为了存放重要物品，“store” 意为 “存放”，符合 “租赁空间存储物品” 的语境，“display”（展示）、“sell”（售卖）、“repair”（修理）均与语境不符，所以选 A 项。
44. C 根据前文 “donated what we could” 可知，虽然捐赠了部分物品，但房子里仍塞满东西，“stuffed” 与 “filled up” 是同义词，都表示 “塞满”，“covered”（覆盖）、“decorated”（装饰）、“equipped”（装备）均不能准确表达房屋物品堆积的状态，故选择 C 项。
45. B 由 “while...didn't belong in a landfill” 可知，句子存在转折关系，这些物品虽不特别 “valuable”（有价值），但也不应被填埋，“conventional”（传统的）、“complicated”（复杂的）、“tolerable”（可容忍的）均不符合 “物品价值判断” 的语义场，所以选 B 项。
46. B 在 “posted online” 和 “asking for a price cut” 的线上交易语境中，买家通常会索要更多 “photos”（照片）来了解物品详情，“fees”（费用）、“receipts”（收据）、“models”（模型）均不符合线上交易沟通的场景，因此选 B 项。
47. A 根据前文 “sold our house”“moving to in town” 可知，此处表示搬家日临近，“move day” 通过 “move” 相关表述的复现明确时间节点，“pay day”（发薪日）、“market day”（集市日）、“work day”（工作日）均与上下文不符，所以选 A 项。
48. C “I hate this vase. Maybe you won't” 是对重新发布花瓶时的说明，属于 “description”（描述），“warning”（警告）、“request”（请求）、“reply”（回复）均不符合该语境，因此选 C 项。
49. D 因为前文 “a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase”，首次交易成功，所以作者受到 “Encouraged”（鼓舞）继续发布更多物品，“Confused”（困惑的）、“Interested”（感兴趣的）、“Disappointed”（失望的）均不符合因果逻辑，所以选 D 项。
50. A 在 “posted online”“price cut” 的线上交易互动语境中，买家上门 “visits” 取货符合交易流程，“reports”（报告）、“advice”（建议）、“money”（钱）均不符合该场景，所以选 A 项。
51. B 由于 “landfill” 多次出现，“spare the landfill” 表示避免物品进入填埋场，通过关键词复现延续环保主题语义场，“remove”（移除）、“find”（找到）、“check”（检查）均不符合该语义场，所以选 B 项。
52. C 在 “Each exchange” 的交易场景语境中，每次交易都提供了遇见他人的机会，“encountered” 表示 “遇见”，符合 “交易带来人际相遇” 的语义场，“investigated”（调查）、“recognized”（认出）、“recommended”（推荐）均不符合语境，所以选 C 项。
53. D 根据 “I sit in my apartment today” 可知，作者在公寓中喜爱的是留存的 “belongings”（财物），“giveaways”（赠品）、“posts”（帖子）、“contributions”（贡献）均偏离 “新居物品” 的语境，所以选 D 项。
54. A 基于前文积极的交易经历，如 “happily”“Encouraged” 等词汇所体现的积极情感，作者产生 “joy”（喜悦）之情，通过积极情感词汇的复现体现作者心态，“part”（部分）、“care”（关心）、“time”（时间）均不符合语境，所以选 A 项。
55. B 呼应前文 “a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase” 的交易场景，作者推测他人正在 “appreciating”（欣赏）这些无法带走的物品，通过场景相关表述的复现建立关联，“anticipating”（期待）、“delivering”（递送）、“withdrawing”（取回）均不符合语境，所以选 B 项。
二、人与自我—健身—老奶奶健身
2025年新课标Ⅱ卷
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
答案 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A
49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。
C 句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recover康复。根据下文的“ Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
D 句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill善意、友好；B. timeout超时；C. long-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。
B 句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. normally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。
A 句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. fortune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
D 句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditional传统的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
C 句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passion激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
B 句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
A 句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成，产生；B. control控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
C 句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. reason理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“no”以及下文“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
D 句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. road block路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stone踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
A 句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Consult咨询；C. Follow遵循；D. Forgive原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
B 句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no ___9___ others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
A 句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cost成本。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
D 句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师；B. admirers管理员；C. beginners初学者；D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
C 句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiration灵感；D. option选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
三、人与社会—人际交往—利用社交平台分享烹饪
2025年浙江1月
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro 44 ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food,
46 new recipes and holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50
to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 .
“But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing
46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down
47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train
48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with
49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs
50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital
51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise
55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. C
49. D 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了Manuela Ribeiro将自己的烹饪爱好发展成副业，通过在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事。
41. C 根据下文的 a three-course meal、her hobby of buying food、new recipes、share my passion for food 等信息可知，首句中提到的 healthy addiction 指的是烹饪（cooking）。
42. A 根据第二段的关键词 hobby of buying food、recipes and holding dinner parties 可知，这位 30 岁的女教师决定好好利用她的业余爱好（hobby）。
43. D 根据第三段的 It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ... new people 可推知，每周到 Ribeiro 家里参加宴会的人都是不认识的人，故 strangers 符合语境。
44. B Bookalokal 是一个可以预订由当地居民主办的私人餐宴的网络平台，且根据第一段的 twice a week for dinner parties、本段中的 buying food和第三段中的 new people 可知，Ribeiro 每周要为这些新人购买食材、做饭、举办宴会，这些都是需要耗费时间、精力、金钱的，所以 Ribeiro 会向这些来用餐的人收费（charges）。
45. A 下文提到的 buying food、holding dinner parties 都是 Ribeiro 追求（pursuing）自己烹饪爱好的体现。
46. B 根据下文的 Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ...other times she ... dinner courses with her favorite beers. 以及 ... realise her dream with a great deal of freedom、discover new experiences 等信息可推断，Ribeiro 烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，她会试做（trying out）新的食谱。
47. C 根据第一段的 She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ... into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. 可知，
Ribeiro 通过在网站注册，可以在家举办宴会活动，结识（meet）新人。
48. C 根据空白处前后的 she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 和 her native home 的语境可推知，Ribeiro 做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念（in honor of）自己的家乡。
49. D 根据 she ... dinner courses with ... beers 结构可知，她是给晚餐配（pairs）上佳酿，而非用酒替代晚餐的菜肴。
50. A 根据空白处前的 The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom 可知， Ribeiro 烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，再联系下文介绍的餐馆的情况可推知，此处是说 Ribeiro 在家准备宴席不同于（opposed）餐馆。
51. B 空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说 Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。
52. A 根据上文的 the menu is known in advance 可推知，餐馆的菜品没有新意，surprise 符合语境。
53. D 第三段和第四段都在说 Ribeiro 在家举办宴会活动的好的一面，根据空白处前的 But 可知，本句语意有转折，再根据后面介绍的原因 for it can sometimes take days to ... a single event 可知，有时要花数天时间，可见此 事也是一项挑战（challenge）。
54. D 根据上文的 it can sometimes take days 和下文的 a single event 可推知，这里是说 Ribeiro 在家筹备（organise）宴会活动有时候要花数天时间。
55. B 根据本句中的 not only ... for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 可知，这个平台也适用于那些乐意发现新体验的人，并非只为了专业厨师保留，reserved 符合语境。
四、人与自然—人与动物—鸽子找回项链
2025年八省联考
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady 41 the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 42 , would gather around her before she even had a 43 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her 44 .
I found that 45 her perform this ordinary task with such 46 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 47 spot to feed the birds. But, as she 48 the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I 49 to get it back for her. 50 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 51 picked up the necklace, 52 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 53 my eyes. The old lady, also 54 , began laughing quietly to herself. I was 55 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
41. A. feeding B. pursuing C. training D. collecting
42. A. age B. size C. weight D. number
43. A. wish B. chance C. plan D. reason
44. A. job B. project C. routine D. dream
45. A. watching B. helping C. making D. hearing
46. A. confidence B. enthusiasm C. flexibility D. precision
47. A. original B. parking C. hiding D. usual
48. A. repaired B. approached C. shared D. supported
49. A. slipped in B. ran away C. got up D. turned around
50. A. However B. Afterwards C. Gradually D. Fortunately
51. A. sea B. tree C. pair D. group
52. A. walked B. stuck C. pointed D. flew
53. A. lift B. cover C. believe D. close
54. A. satisfied B. surprised C. annoyed D. frightened
55. A. caught B. hit C. left D. met
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. C
49. D 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃惊，也都非常欣喜。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding喂养；B. pursuing追求；C. training训练；D. collecting收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 7 _ spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. age年龄；B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. number数量。根据上文“usually around 10 to 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10到15只左右。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. wish愿望；B. chance机会；C. plan计划；D. reason原因。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 2 , would gather around her”和下文“to take the bag of rice out from her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A. job工作；B. project项目；C. routine常规；D. dream梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. watching观看；B. helping帮助；C. making制作；D. hearing听见。根据上文“There, I would always see the same elderly lady 1 the pigeons (鸽子).”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. confidence信心；B. enthusiasm热情；C. flexibility灵活性；D. precision精确性。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故选B。
7．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A. original原始的；B. parking停车；C. hiding躲藏；D. usual平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A. repaired修理；B. approached靠近；C. shared分享；D. supported支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文“the bench (长凳) to sit down”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A. slipped in溜进；B. ran away逃跑；C. got up起身；D. turned around转身。根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮她拿回来。故选C。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. However然而；B. Afterwards之后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11 picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成转折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. sea海洋；B. tree树；C. pair一对；D. group群。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 12 , would gather around her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. walked行走；B. stuck卡住；C. pointed指向；D. flew飞。根据上文“one of the pigeons”和下文“dropped it on her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift举起；B. cover覆盖；C. believe相信；D. close关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11
picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A. satisfied满意的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11 picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”和“also”可知，看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选B。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A. caught抓住；B. hit击打；C. left剩下；D. met遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是仅有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿烂的笑容，短语be left with意为“余下，剩下”，表示在某种情况下，仅剩下某些东西或某种感觉。故选C。
五、人与自我—生活与学习—如何看待运动
2024年新课标Ⅰ卷
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was
43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
42. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
47. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 　　12　　by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 　
I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。
六、人与社会—外国文化—定居意大利
2024年新课标Ⅱ卷
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 21 , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I 22 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 23 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 24 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 25 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 26 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 27 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 28 of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 29 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 30 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 31 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 32 . These meals are always 33 by laughter and joy. Whatever 34 life in Italy might have, the problems are 35 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
21. 考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
22. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
23. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
24. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
25. 考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
26. 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
27. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
28. 考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
29. 考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。
30. 考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。
31. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
32. 考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
33. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
34. 考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
35. 考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。
七、人与社会—生活故事—一段不寻常火车之旅
2024年浙江1月卷
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 21 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 22 me on the train. My 23 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 24 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 25 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 26 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most
27 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 28 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 29 as a whole.” And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I 30 _ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 31 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 32 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 33 me just how much one can gain from 34 with an open mind, and a willingness to 35 with locals from all walks of life.
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
28. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
35 A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors (你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
31. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
八、人与社会—善行义举—陌生人帮我修车
2024年九省联考
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 41 , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 42 on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for 43 the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 44 the heat when an older gentleman 45 to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). To my 47 , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 48 a tool set.
Right then and there, this total 49 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were 50 to function. After about an hour, he 51 that my car was safe to finish the trip.
52 came at the hands of a stranger. 53 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man 54 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his
55 .
41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure
42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide
43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining
44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce
45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered
46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment
48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away
49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser
50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending
54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned
55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对此非常的感谢。
41. C 根据上文的 my car broke down 及空白处后的 too 可知，此处应该是手机也没电（dead）了。
42. A 根据上文的 I managed to get to a gas station 及空白处后的 on duty 可知，汽车出故障后，作者想方设法来到一个加油站，但是星期天没有修理工（mechanic）值班。
43. D 根据上文 My car broke down 及 I was working my way through university then and had little money 可知，作者当时在半工半读，几乎没钱修理（maintaining）汽车。
44. B 根据第一段中的 in the early fall 及最后一段中的 working on a hot September afternoon 可知，当时天气很热，作者在汽车旁坐了几个小时以避暑，beat the heat 意为“去暑，解热”，符合语境。
45. C 根据空白处后的 to fuel his car 可知，一位老先生停下来（stopped）给他的车加油。
46. D 根据上文的 He asked about my car 及空白处后的 my predicament 可知，那位老先生询问作者的车怎么了，作者向他解释了（explained）她的困境。
47. A 根据下文内容可知，老先生告诉作者他有一个和她同龄的女儿，这让作者感到惊讶。to one’s surprise 意为“令某人惊讶的是”，符合语境。
48. B 根据空白处前的 he opened his trunk 可知，老先生打开后备箱，从里面拿出（pulled out）工具包。
49. C 根据前文可知，作者和这位老先生素不相识， stranger 意为“陌生人”，符合语境。
50. D 根据空白处前的 my spark plugs hadn’t been changed for so long 可知，作者的火花塞很久没换过，因此不能（unable）正常运转了。
51. A 根据空白处后的 that my car was safe to finish the trip 可知，车修好了，老先生向作者宣布了（pronounced）这件事情，用 pronounce 显得语气很正式。
52. B 根据上文内容可知，一位素昧平生的陌生人帮作者把车修好了，这是来自这位陌生人的善意（Kindness）。
53. C 根据下文的 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon 可知，在炎热的九月下午帮作者修车，他的衣服都被弄脏（Soiling）了。
54. A 根据上文一位陌生人帮作者修车及下文的 from disaster 可知，这位老先生使作者没出事。save sb from sth 意为“使某人免于某事”。
55. B 根据第二段中的 he had a daughter my age 可知，那位陌生人帮作者修车，仅仅是因为他有一个和作者同龄的女儿（daughter），帮助作者就好似在帮助自己的女儿。
九、人与社会—善行义举—背着对手完成比赛
2023年新课标Ⅰ卷
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 21 the course earlier than she did. Her 22 came because she was carrying a 23 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 24 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 25 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 26 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 27 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 28 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 29 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 30 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 31 about why her act is considered a big 32 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 33 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 34 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 35 of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8 _ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have 1 the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
27. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8 attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
十、人与社会—善行义举—帮宠物搬家
2023年新课标Ⅱ卷
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 21 . They could not afford to pay for 22 for their dog, Tiffy, and 23 wanted to take her with them.
It just 24 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 25 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 26 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 27 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 28 for him, having to leave his dog to a 29 and trust that everything would 30 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 31 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 32 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 33 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 34 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 35 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
22. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation
23. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally
24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
27. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
28. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky
29. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor
30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off
31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load
32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve
33. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed
35. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
23. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
26. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 _ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
30. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 ___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just
4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
35. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。
十一、人与自我—生活与学习—采蜜经历
2023年浙江1月卷
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 2020-2025年高考英语 完形填空 记叙文 真题及模拟题
命题细目表
序号 试卷 体裁 主题语境 主题内容 词数要求 难度
1.高考 2025年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 搬家趣事 250词左右 中等偏上
2.高考 2025年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 老奶奶健身 220词 中等
3.高考 2025年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与社会 利用社交平台分享烹饪 200词左右 中等偏上
4.模拟 2025年八省联考 记叙文 人与自然 鸽子找回项链 215词左右 中等
5.高考 2024年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 如何看待运动 240词左右 中等
6.高考 2024年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 定居意大利 230词左右 中等
7.高考 2024年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与社会 一段不寻常火车之旅 230词左右 中等偏上
8.模拟 2024年九省联考 记叙文 人与社会 陌生人帮我修车 205词左右 容易
9.高考 2023年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 背着对手完成比赛 230词左右 中等偏上
10.高考 2023年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 帮宠物搬家 220词左右 容易
11.高考 2023年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与自我 采蜜经历 240词左右 中等偏上
12.模拟 2023年四省联考 记叙文 人与自我 父母对孩子的影响 250词左右 中等
13.高考 2022年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 露营经历 240词左右 中等偏上
14.高考 2022年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 当看房人，环球旅行 210词左右 中等
15.高考 2021年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 蛋糕厂打工 220词左右 中等偏上
16.高考 2021年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 擅长语言的警察 210词左右 中等
17.模拟 2021年八省联考 记叙文 人与社会 从一次理发的玩笑中学会尊重他人 210词左右 容易
18.高考 2020年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自然 青少年种树，为野生动物重建家园 225词左右 中等偏上
19.高考 2020年新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 火灾救援 220词左右 中等
20.模拟 2020年山东海南两省联考 记叙文 人与自然 住在树上，抗议砍伐 210词左右 中等
完形填空（学生版）
一、人与社会—人际交往—搬家趣事
2025年新课标Ⅰ卷
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41. ________ the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42. ________ we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43. ________ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44. ________ with things that, while not particularly 45. ________, didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46. ________, another asking for a price cut. As our 47. ________ day drew near, I settled on a new price($0) and reposted it. The 48. ________: "I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49. ________, I posted more. My daily posts and the 50. ________ I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51. ________ the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52. ________
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53. ________ that share our small space. I take 54. ________ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55. ________ something that couldn't come with us.
41. A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
43. A. store B. display C. sell D. repair
44. A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
46. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
48. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
49. A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
50. A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money
51. A. remove B. spare C. find D. check
52. A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended
53. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings
54. A. joy B. part C. care D. time
55. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
二、人与自我—健身—老奶奶健身
2025年新课标Ⅱ卷
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
三、人与社会—人际交往—利用社交平台分享烹饪
2025年浙江1月
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro 44 ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food,
46 new recipes and holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50
to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 .
“But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing
46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down
47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train
48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with
49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs
50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital
51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise
55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
四、人与自然—人与动物—鸽子找回项链
2025年八省联考
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady 41 the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 42 , would gather around her before she even had a 43 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her 44 .
I found that 45 her perform this ordinary task with such 46 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 47 spot to feed the birds. But, as she 48 the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I 49 to get it back for her. 50 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 51 picked up the necklace, 52 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 53 my eyes. The old lady, also 54 , began laughing quietly to herself. I was 55 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
41. A. feeding B. pursuing C. training D. collecting
42. A. age B. size C. weight D. number
43. A. wish B. chance C. plan D. reason
44. A. job B. project C. routine D. dream
45. A. watching B. helping C. making D. hearing
46. A. confidence B. enthusiasm C. flexibility D. precision
47. A. original B. parking C. hiding D. usual
48. A. repaired B. approached C. shared D. supported
49. A. slipped in B. ran away C. got up D. turned around
50. A. However B. Afterwards C. Gradually D. Fortunately
51. A. sea B. tree C. pair D. group
52. A. walked B. stuck C. pointed D. flew
53. A. lift B. cover C. believe D. close
54. A. satisfied B. surprised C. annoyed D. frightened
55. A. caught B. hit C. left D. met
五、人与自我—生活与学习—如何看待运动
2024年新课标Ⅰ卷
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was
43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
六、人与社会—外国文化—定居意大利
2024年新课标Ⅱ卷
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 21 , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I 22 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 23 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 24 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 25 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 26 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 27 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 28 of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 29 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 30 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 31 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 32 . These meals are always 33 by laughter and joy. Whatever 34 life in Italy might have, the problems are 35 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
七、人与社会—生活故事—一段不寻常火车之旅
2024年浙江1月卷
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 21 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 22 me on the train. My 23 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 24 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 25 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 26 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most
27 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 28 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 29 as a whole.” And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I 30 _ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 31 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 32 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 33 me just how much one can gain from 34 with an open mind, and a willingness to 35 with locals from all walks of life.
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
28. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
35 A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
八、人与自我—善行义举—陌生人帮我修车
2024年八省联考
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 41 , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 42 on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for 43 the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 44 the heat when an older gentleman 45 to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). To my 47 , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 48 a tool set.
Right then and there, this total 49 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were 50 to function. After about an hour, he 51 that my car was safe to finish the trip.
52 came at the hands of a stranger. 53 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man 54 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his
55 .
41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure
42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide
43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining
44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce
45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered
46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment
48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away
49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser
50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending
54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned.
55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer
九、人与社会—善行义举—背着对手完成比赛
2023年新课标Ⅰ卷
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 21 the course earlier than she did. Her 22 came because she was carrying a 23 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 24 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 25 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 26 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 27 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 28 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 29 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 30 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 31 about why her act is considered a big 32 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 33 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 34 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 35 of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
十、人与社会—善行义举—帮宠物搬家
2023年新课标Ⅱ卷
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 21 . They could not afford to pay for 22 for their dog, Tiffy, and 23 wanted to take her with them.
It just 24 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 25 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 26 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 27 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 28 for him, having to leave his dog to a 29 and trust that everything would 30 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 31 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 32 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 33 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 34 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 35 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
22. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation
23. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally
24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
27. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
28. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky
29. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor
30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off
31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load
32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve
33. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed
35. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic
十一、人与自我—生活与学习—采蜜经历
2023年浙江1月卷
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up.
41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness
42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves
43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless
44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited
45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked
46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated
47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing
48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey
49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately
50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched
51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto
52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close
53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading
54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry
55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order
十二、人与自我—生活与学习—父母对孩子的影响
2023年四省联考
Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father brought his son to him for 1 at his office.
The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has 2 in learning and can’t even play baseball. He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have even shouted at him. But nothing 3 . ”
After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 4 his father. He asked the father to sit in front of a
5 and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a 6 on the paper. He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 7 the lines of the star with the pencil. The father made the same 8 anyone makes. Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red.
At this 10 the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you 11 so long You can’t do such an 12 thing! You don’t know left from right!” These 13 made the father very angry.
“Now you can 14 , can’t you ” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ”
15 the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry.
1．A．testing B．acting C．teaching D．playing
2．A．confidence B．interest C．experience D．difficulty
3．A．returns B．helps C．appears D．remains
4．A．waited for B．searched for C．believed in D．called in
5．A．mirror B．television C．painting D．desk
6．A．face B．line C．number D．star
7．A．remove B．follow C．cross D．cut
8．A．decisions B．choices C．mistakes D．patterns
9．A．touched B．dropped C．moved D．sharpened
10．A．speed B．corner C．end D．point
11．A．staying B．taking C．preparing D．writing
12．A．easy B．important C．obvious D．exciting
13．A．ideas B．words C．questions D．instructions
14．A．relax B．leave C．understand D．promise
15．A．Interestingly B．Absolutely C．Suddenly D．Unfortunately
十三、人与自我—生活与学习—露营经历
2022年新课标Ⅰ卷
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 21 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 22 along Chalk Creek. I was 23 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 24 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 25 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 26 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 27 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 28 our peaceful morning trip. The 29 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 30 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 31 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 32 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 33 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 34 , wondering what camping fun and 35 we will experience next.
21. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
22. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
23. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
24. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
25. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
26. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
27. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
28. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
29. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
30. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
31. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
32. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
33. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
34. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
35. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
十四、人与社会—合作与交流—当看房人，环球旅行
2022年新课标Ⅱ卷
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 21 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 22 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 23 .
They’re part of a new form of the 24 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 25 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 26 .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 27 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 28 . But house sitting also offers a level of
29 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 30 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high 31 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 32 . For Jessica, that means 33 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 35 ,” she says.
21. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time
22. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure
23. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
24. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural
25. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’
26. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence
27. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete
28. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please
29. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention
30. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying
31. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment
32. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding
33. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing
34 A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty
35. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression
十五、人与自我—生活与学习—蛋糕厂打工
2021年新课标Ⅰ卷
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 46 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47 .
Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds. 51
a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52 .
Dad 53 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
十六、人与社会—人物传记—擅长语言的警察
2021年新课标Ⅱ卷
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to 21 different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor". The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 22 However, he is more devoted to his “ 23
" than any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 24 ，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and 25 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 26 of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 27
of the beggars.
“I often 28 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 29 , they began to talk a lot," Wang said. “I'd then 30 myself to use the toilet, 31 what the beggars said, and send the 32 to my teammates.”
Wang, who is often in 33 situations, is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 34 from me," he said. Wang's 35 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit. Paris.
21. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
22. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman
23. A. role B. study C. family D. audience
24. A. minor B. case C. future D. question
25. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
26. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom
27. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust
28. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected
29. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost
30. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow
31. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out
32. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information
33. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange
34. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear
35. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism
十七、人与社会—人际交往—从一次理发的玩笑中学会尊重他人
2021年八省联考
This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently 1 the shop.
So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how 2 I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had 3 you the last time.”
He smiled. Before starting the 4 , he added, “What if I keep it long ”
I 5 he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can’t 6 what would happen to your shop then!”
The moment I said itthe assistant 7 from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to threaten us, eh ”
I admit I was too 8 at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an
9 look.
From that day on, I 10 stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works. It is one of the most 11 incidents in my life, which taught me to 12 the profession and works of a person, no matter how 13 they are.
I’m 14 that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a 15 .
1．A．left B．opened C．joined D．visited
2．A．much B．long C．often D．soon
3．A．instructed B．invited C．promised D．convinced
4．A．discussion B．journey C．training D．haircut
5．A．agreed B．heard C．hoped D．knew
6．A．forgot B．tolerate C．guarantee D．understand
7．A．urged B．shouted C．laughed D．helped
8．A．angry B．proud C．scared D．curious
9．A．anxious B．appealing C．encouraging D．awkward
10．A．suddenly B．completely C．temporarily D．regularly
11．A．important B．exciting C．strange D．interesting
12．A．learn B．enter C．change D．respect
13．A．hard B．small C．good D．complex
14．A．sorry B．confident C．grateful D．embarrassed
15．A．difference B．mistake C．choice D．joke
十八、人与自然—环境保护—青少年种树，为野生动物重建家园
2020年新课标Ⅰ卷
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30
a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
十九、人与社会—善行义举—火灾救援
2020年新课标Ⅱ卷
When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he 21 his car to call 911. Then he 22 a U-turn, circling back to take another look.
Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engine 23 . Grant rushed to a side 24 and ran up the stairs. On the second floor, he 25 every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one 26 and he assumed that people had already 27 _. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant 28 a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a 29 woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's 30 !" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and 31 the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was 32 outside, the only 33 in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the 34 and they rushed into the smoky building.
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their 35 .
21. A. drove B. stopped C. reached D. abandoned
22. A. saw B. made C. missed D. crossed
23. A. burning B. leaving C. approaching D. waiting
24. A. entrance B. road C. building D. window
25. A. locked B. kicked C. counted D. repaired
26. A. agreed B. cared C. responded D. understood
27. A. arrived B. returned C. hidden D. escaped
28. A. skipped B. closed C. noticed D. remembered
29. A. frightened B. curious C. patient D. grateful
30. A. turn back B. go up C. get out D. lie down
31. A. following B. dragging C. examining D. passing
32. A. safely B. secretly C. suddenly D. previously
33. A. witness B. guide C. service D. help
34. A. woman B. door C. car D. baby
35. A. wisdom B. generosity C. honesty D. courage
二十、人与自然—环境保护—住在树上，抗议砍伐
2020年山东海南两省联考
My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five months now. Some people might wonder 1 on earth I would choose to do that.
I have walked through this forest many times. On December 12, 2011, 2 rolled into the forest and the destruction (摧毁) began. I couldn’t 3 the thought that these forests would be 4 forever. So, on December 14, 2011, I packed up my life, 5 of my job plans, and climbed 60 meters to the top of this tree. I have been here ever since.
Life in the tree top can be 6 at times. I have times when I feel frustrated (沮丧的) and wish I could 7 , to anywhere, just have a 8 of scenery for a minute! There are times too, when I feel terribly 9 .I miss my friends and family. 10 these times, I find myself loving the 11 .
Living on the tree has been inspiring. I am willing to 12 here for as long as it takes, 13 I honestly hope it won’t be too 14 before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 15 .
1．A．why B．when C．how D．where
2．A．water B．animals C．machinery D．tourists
3．A．bear B．help C．keep D．spare
4．A．sold B．stolen C．protected D．lost
5．A．grew out B．fell short C．ran out D．let go
6．A．refreshing B．risky C．challenging D．rewarding
7．A．get up B．get away C．give in D．give up
8．A．change B．look C．search D．touch
9．A．confused B．nervous C．sorry D．lonely
10．A．Beyond B．Without C．Despite D．Unlike
11．A．height B．experience C．background D．position
12．A．return B．stop C．stay D．hide
13．A．but B．though C．because D．so
14．A．soon B．long C．near D．bad
15．A．moved B．logged C．burned D．missed