Unit 3 Sports and fitness Words Expression课件 (共56张PPT)人教版（2019）必修第一册

(共56张PPT)
Unit 3 Words Expression
fitness / f tn s/ n. 健康；健壮；适合
fitness center
1.physical and mental fitness 身心健康
2.fit adj.健康的，健壮的/v.（使）合身；（大小、形状） 合适
keep fit / stay fit (保持健康)
be fit for sb./sth. (适合...)
be fit to do sth. (适合做某事)
unfit adj.不健康的：不合适的，不胜任的
The movie is not fit for children because it contains violence.
这部电影含有暴力内容，不适合儿童观看。
Your answer doesn't fit the question. Please think about it again.
你的答案不符合问题要求，请再想一想。
soccer / s k (r)/ n. 足球
boxing / b ks / n. 拳击(运动)
badminton / b dm nt n/ n. 羽毛球运动
marathon / m r θ n/ n. 马拉松赛跑
ski /ski / adj. 滑雪的. vi. 滑雪
gymnastics /d m n st ks/ n. 体操(训练)
volleyball
track meet
stadium / ste di m/ n. (pl. stadiums or stadia) 体育场；运动场
gym /d m/ n. 健身房；体育馆
event / vent/ n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动
eventual adj.最终的，结果的
eventually adv. 最终，终于
current events (时事)
The school sports meeting is the biggest event of the autumn term.
校运动会是秋季学期最大的盛事。
The 100-meter dash is always the most exciting event at a track meet.
百米短跑总是田径运动会上最令人兴奋的比赛项目。
After trying many different study methods, she eventually found one that worked for her.
在尝试了许多不同的学习方法后，她终于找到了适合自己的那种。
come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
come up with 想出，提出
come across 穿过；偶然遇见；发现
come true 实现
come on （用于命令）快；加油；快点
I ________ an interesting article about space while browsing the internet.
How is your preparation for the final exam ________
She ________ a great idea for our class presentation.
came across
coming along
came up with
host /h st/ vt. 主办；主持. n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人
host a meeting/conference (主办会议)
host a TV show (主持一档电视节目)
n. hostess 女主人；女主持人：
Our school will be the host for the inter-school debate competition this year.
我们学校将是今年校际辩论赛的主办方。
As the host of the birthday party, I need to welcome all the guests.
作为生日派对的主人，我需要欢迎所有客人。
Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in northern China, will host the Youth Ski Race in December.
张家口，中国北方一座美丽的城市，将于 12 月举办青少年滑雪比赛。
track /tr k/ n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道. vt. & vi. 追踪；跟踪
The police found tire tracks near the scene of the accident.
警察在事故现场附近发现了轮胎痕迹。
He is good at track and field events, especially running.
他擅长田径项目，尤其是跑步。
sweat /swet/vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿. vi. 出汗；流汗.n. 汗水；出汗
(sweat,/sweated-----sweat,/sweated)
adj. sweaty 汗湿的；多汗的；吃力的
adj. sweating 出汗的
a sweating glass (表面凝结水珠的杯子)
After playing basketball for an hour, his T-shirt was wet with sweat.
打了一个小时的篮球后，他的T恤被汗水浸湿了。
We were sweating after running 1000 meters in the P.E. class.
体育课上跑完1000米后，我们都在流汗。
work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
vi.
vt.
及物 (解决):It took me an hour to work out this math problem.
我花了一个小时才解出这道数学题。
及物 (制定): We need to work out a detailed study schedule for the final exams.
我们需要为期末考试制定一个详细的学习计划。
不及物 (进展顺利): Don't worry about the trip; I'm sure everything will work out.
别担心这次旅行，我相信一切都会顺利的。
不及物 (结果是):The cost of the school trip worked out to be 200 yuan per person.
这次学校旅行的费用算下来是每人200元。
make it 获得成功；准时到达
Come on! You can make it through the driver's license test.
加油！你一定能成功通过驾照考试的。
The train leaves in half an hour. Can we still make it
火车半小时后就要开了，我们还能赶得上吗？
I'm sorry, I have something on Friday night, so I won't be able to make it to your party.
很抱歉，我周五晚上有事，不能参加你的派对了。
legend / led nd/ n. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说
a living legend (活着的传奇，当代巨匠)
a legend in/of... (在...领域的传奇)
adj. legendary 传奇的；著名的
According to legend, there was a dragon in this mountain.
据传说，这座山里曾有一条龙。
Yao Ming is a legend in the world of basketball.
姚明是篮球界的一个传奇人物。
Our headteacher is famous for his legendary strictness.
我们的校长以其出了名的严格而闻名。
athlete / θli t/ n. 运动员；运动健儿
adj. athletic 运动的；运动员的；健壮的
n.athletics (通常作不可数名词) 田径运动；体育运动 (总称)
Many professional athletes start their training at a very young age.
许多职业运动员在很小的时候就开始训练了。
He has a more athletic figure than me because he exercises every day.
他的体形比我健壮，因为他每天都锻炼。
master / mɑ st (r)/ n. 高手；主人. vt. 精通；掌握
a Master's degree (硕士学位)
master a skill (掌握一门技能)
adj. masterful 精湛的；熟练的；有控制力的
You should be the master of your time, not let your phone control you.
你应该是时间的主人，而不是让你的手机控制你。
It takes years of practice to master a musical instrument.
掌握一门乐器需要多年的练习。
They must be athletes who are masters in ther sports and also set good examples for others.
他们必定是在各自项目中技艺精湛，同时又能为他人树立良好榜样的运动员。
set an example for sb. 树立榜样
As the class monitor, you should set a good example for your classmates.
作为班长，你应该为同学们树立一个好榜样。
take ... for example
"以...为例"
Take our monitor for example, he always helps others.
以我们班长为例，他总是帮助别人。
honour / n (r)/ n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
a sense of honour (荣誉感)
honour one's parents (尊敬父母)
be honoured with an award (获得奖项的荣誉)
in honour of sb./sth. (为向...表示敬意；为纪念...)
It's an honour to do sth. (做某事很荣幸)
It is a great honour to... (...是莫大的荣幸)
荣誉----不可数
荣誉称号----可数
It is a great honour to represent our school in the national competition.
The concert was held in honour of the retiring principal.
这场音乐会是为纪念退休的校长而举行的。
能代表学校参加全国比赛是莫大的荣誉。
As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.(p38)
作为运动员，郎平为祖国赢得了荣誉与荣光。
glory / ɡl ri/ n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美
The soldiers fought for the glory of their country.
士兵们为了祖国的荣耀而战。
He basked in the glory of his victory.
他沉浸在胜利的荣耀之中。
medal / medl/ n. 奖章；勋章
She won a gold medal at the Olympic Games.
她在奥运会上赢得了一枚金牌。
Olympic medal: 奥运会奖牌 (gold/silver/bronze medal 金/银/铜牌)
Military medal: 军功章，勋章
The soldier was awarded a medal for his bravery.
那名士兵因表现勇敢而被授予一枚勋章。
As a coach, she led the China women's volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics.（p38）
作为教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上斩获奖牌。
championship / t mpi n p/ n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号
champion / t mpi n/ n. 冠军；优胜者
Two weeks later, they were world champions! (p38)
两周后，她们便成了世界冠军！
defending champion 卫冕冠军
v.支持；捍卫；倡导
The organization champions the rights of children.
该组织捍卫儿童的权利。
determination /d t m ne n/ n. 决心；决定
with determination 坚定地
v. determine 下决心，决定
determine to do... 决定做...
adj. determined 有决心的，坚决的
be determined to do... 下定决心做...
adj.determining 决定性的
With hard work and determination, you can achieve anything.
凭借努力和决心，你可以达成任何事。
He determined to leave early. 他决定早点离开。
She is a determined woman. 她是个意志坚定的女人。
apart / pɑ t/ adv. 分离；分开；成碎片
fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
Price is a determining factor for many buyers.
对许多买家来说，价格是一个决定性的因素。
The two houses are 500 meters apart.
He stood with his feet wide apart.
他两脚分开站着。
两栋房子相距500米。
captain / k pt n/ n. (运动队)队长；船长；机长
Their marriage fell apart after years of unhappiness.
在多年的不幸福之后，他们的婚姻破裂了。
fall apart vs break down
fall apart：更侧重于物理上的解体或关系、系统的彻底瓦解。
break down：更侧重于机器故障、谈判破裂、化学分解或情感失控
The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.p(18)
郎平所组建的团队正在分崩离析。
One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.
其中一名最优秀的队员受伤了，而队长也因心脏问题不得不离队。
injure / nd (r)/ vt. 使受伤；损害
injured / nd d/ adj. 受伤的；有伤的
injury / nd ri/ n. 伤害；损伤
be seriously / severely / critically injured 受重伤
be slightly / mildly injured 受轻伤
同义词：
hurt： 含义最广，可指身体或情感上的伤害，语气较 informal。
wound： 通常指由武器（如刀、枪）造成的开放性损伤，或情感上的深刻伤害。
harm：强调带来痛苦、损失或不幸，可用于人、物或环境。
damage：多用于指对物体或财产造成损害，使其价值或功能降低。
反义词：
heal 治愈
cure 治好
mend 愈合
特征 injure hurt
正式程度 更正式 更口语化、常用
侧重 通常指较严重的身体伤害（如骨折、需要送医） 可指任何程度的身体或情感痛苦，从轻微到严重
用法 多用于被动语态 (be injured) 及物和不及物动词都可，主动和被动语态都常见
情感伤害 可以，但较少用 非常常用
He was injured in the game.
他在比赛中受伤了。
Fortunately, no one was injured in the explosion.
幸运的是，爆炸中无人受伤。
The crash injured five people.
His back injury prevented him from taking part in the sports meet.
The injured students were immediately taken to the hospital.
这次撞车事故导致五人受伤。
(主语 The crash 是造成伤害的原因，造成伤害的施动者)
他的背伤使他无法参加运动会。
受伤的学生们被立即送往医院。
lose heart 丧失信心；泄气
Although he failed the physics exam twice, he didn't lose heart and kept studying hard.
虽然他物理考试两次不及格，但他并没有灰心，而是继续努力学习。
Losing two important players wasa big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.(p38)
失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并未灰心。
lose one's heart to sb./sth. 爱上，喜欢上
He lost his heart to the beautiful landscape of Guilin.
他爱上了桂林美丽的风景。
graceful / ɡre sfl/ adj. 优美的；优雅的
n. grace
1. 优雅，风度 (不可数)：She moves with grace. (她仪态优雅。)
2. 恩惠；宽限期 (可数/不可数)by the grace of God (承蒙天恩)
adv. gracefully
优雅地；得体地：She accepted the criticism gracefully. (她很有风度地接受了批评。)
adj. gracious
和善的，仁慈的；雍容华贵的 (强调人的友善与礼貌，或环境的豪华舒适)：a gracious hostess (一位和蔼的女主人)， gracious living (优裕的生活)
同义词：elegant
with +n.做状语
with anxiety=anxiously
with confidence =confidently
with curious =curiously
The dancer's graceful movements impressed everyone in the audience.
那位舞者优美的动作给所有观众留下了深刻印象。
We are thankful for our teacher's gracious help.
我们非常感谢老师仁慈的帮助。
Grace（格蕾丝，一位优雅的女神）
The swan（天鹅） swam ________ (grace) across the lake.
Everyone admired the ________ (grace) of the ballet performance.
She is a ________ (grace) old lady who is loved by all her neighbors.
gracefully
grace
gracious
strength /stre θ/ n. 力量；体力
strengths and weaknesses (优点和缺点)
adj. strong 强壮的；强烈的；牢固的：a strong body (强健的体魄)
adv. strongly 强烈地；坚固地：strongly recommend (强烈 推荐)
v. strengthen 加强，巩固：strengthen one's body (强身健体)
He doesn't have the strength to lift this heavy box.
他没有抬起这个重箱子的力气。
Regular exercise can strengthen your muscles.
经常锻炼可以增强你的肌肉。
动词后缀：-en
形容词/名词 + -en = 动词，“使变得…”、“使…化”。
wide (adj. 宽的) → widen (v. 加宽，拓宽)
weak (adj. 虚弱的) → weaken (v. 削弱，使变弱)
short (adj. 短的) → shorten (v. 缩短)
less(adj. 较少的) → lessen (v. 减少)
动词前缀：en-
en- + 名词/形容词 = 动词 (使...；赋予...)
courage (n. 勇气) → encourage (v. 鼓励)
sure (adj. 确定的) → ensure (v. 确保，保证)
able (adj. 有能力的) → enable (v. 使能够)
power (n. 力量) → empower (v. 授权；使能够)
failure / fe lj (r)/ n. 失败；失败的人(或事物）；不及格
end in failure (以失败告终)
power failure (停电)
failure to do sth. (未能做某事)
v. fail 失败；不及格；未做：fail an exam (考试不及格)， fail to do sth. (未能做某事)
adj. failed 失败的；不成功的：a failed experiment (一次失败的实验)
adj. failing 衰退中的；失败的：failing health (日益衰退的健康)
Failure is the mother of success. We should learn from it.
失败是成功之母。我们应该从中吸取教训。
His failure in the math exam made him realize he needed to study harder.
他数学考试的不及格让他意识到自己需要更加努力学习。
He never loses heart even after ________ (fail) many times.
The ________ (fail) of the computer system caused a lot of problems.
She felt very disappointed about her ________ (fail) performance in the play.
failing
failure
failed
give up 放弃；投降
give up sth./doing sth. 放弃某事（物）/放弃做某事
反义：keep on / persist in (坚持)
give in 屈服，让步
give in to sb./sth. (向...屈服)
My parents finally gave in and allowed me to go to the party.
give out ①分发 (= distribute)②用完，耗尽 (= run out， 不及物)③发出（光、热、声音等）
The teacher gave out the exam papers. (分发)
After running for an hour, his energy gave out. (耗尽)
The sun gives out light and heat. (发出)
give away ①赠送；分发（奖品）②泄露（秘密）
He gave away all his old books to the library. (赠送)
give way to ① 给...让路；被...取代 ②（结构）坍塌
The old bridge gave way to a modern one. (被取代)
give back 归还 (= return)
give sth. back to sb.
Please give my dictionary back when you're finished.
give off 发出，散发出（通常指散发“无形”的东西）（气味、气体、热量）
The flowers give off a pleasant fragrance(香味）.
(give up, give in, give out, give away, give back, give off)
The battery in my phone ________ after hours of use.
Please ________ the money you found to the school office.
He promised to ________ smoking for the sake of his health.
The cheap perfume ________ a strong, unpleasant smell.
The teacher ________ the secret that we were planning a surprise party.
After a long negotiation, the company decided to ________ to the workers' demands.
他从不向困难屈服。
请把作业本发下去。
旧的习惯应该被新的所取代。
gave out
give back
give up
gives off
gave away
give in
He never gives in to difficulties.
Please give out the exercise books.
Old habits should give way to new ones.
compete /k m pi t/ vi. 竞争；对抗
compete in (a contest/game) (在...中竞争， 参加...比赛)
compete for (a prize/position) (为了...而竞争)
compete with/against (sb.) (与某人竞争)
compete on (price/quality) (在价格/质量方面竞争)
n. competition 竞争 (不可数)：fierce competition (激烈的竞争)
比赛，竞赛 (可数)：an English speech competition (一场英语演讲比赛)
adj. competitive 竞争性的；好竞争的：a competitive sport (一项竞技性运动)
有竞争力的：competitive prices (有竞争力的价格)
n. competitor 竞争者，对手：There were ten competitors in the race.
adj. competing 互冲突的；竞争性的 (常作定语)：competing interests (相互冲突的利益)
com-/con- (共同) + pete (追求，寻求) -> 共同追求一个目标 -> 竞争。
conversation (n. 对话，谈话)/communicate (v. 交流，沟通)
connect (v. 连接，联系)
compare(v. 比较)
company (n. 公司；陪伴)
community (n. 社区，团体)
concentrate (v. 集中，专注)
Many students compete for the few scholarships available.
许多学生争夺那为数不多的奖学金。
In the global market, we must compete with companies from all over the world.
在全球市场中，我们必须与来自世界各地的公司竞争。
She has a competitive spirit and always tries her best to win.
她有着好竞争的精神，总是尽全力去赢。
The two companies are competing ________ the same market.
Are you going to compete ________ the 100-meter race
It's hard to compete ________ someone who is always better prepared.
for
in
with
pretend /pr tend/ vi. & vt. 假装；装扮
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
pretend to be + n./adj. (假装是.../假装...的)
When the teacher came in, he pretended to be reading a book.
老师进来时，他假装在看书。
The children pretended to be superheroes.
孩子们假装是超级英雄。
I know you're not happy; there's no need to pretend.
我知道你不高兴，没必要假装。
pre- (在前) + tend (伸展) -> 在别人面前“伸展”出一种样子 -> 假装，伪装。
extend（延伸）， intend（打算）
make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
make a difference 有作用或影响
It makes sense to do sth. (做某事是明智的。)
make sense of sth. (理解、弄懂某事， 尤指复杂或混乱的事物)
The ending of that movie didn't make any sense to me.
那部电影的结局让我觉得一点也不讲不通。
It makes sense to review your notes after each class.
每节课后复习笔记是明智的。
Your encouragement made a big difference to me when I was feeling down.
当我情绪低落时，你的鼓励对我起了很大的作用。
million / m lj n/ 一百万
1.与具体数字连用：无复数，不加 of
two million dollars (两百万美元)
2.表示约数，不确切数字：用复数，必须加 of
millions of people (数百万人)
one in a million (百万里挑一，极其优秀或罕见)
hundred (百)， thousand (千)， billion (十亿)
This popular app has over ten million users in China.
这个流行的应用在中国有超过一千万用户。
We have millions of reasons to be thankful.
我们有千千万万个理由要心怀感激。
cheat /t i t/ vi. 作弊；舞弊. vt. 欺骗；蒙骗. n. 欺骗手段；骗子
cheat in/on an exam (在考试中作弊)
cheat sb. (out of sth.) (欺骗某人（某物）)
n. cheater
作弊者；骗子
Any student who cheats in/on the exam will be severely punished.
任何在考试中作弊的学生都将受到严厉处罚。
He cheated his friend out of his share of the money.
他骗走了他朋友的那份钱。
"欺他"
My school has about two ________ (thousand) students.
2. ________ (hundred) of birds fly south for the winter.
3. He spent three ________ (million) yuan on the new car.
thousand
Hundreds
million
positive / p z t v/ adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
be positive about... (对...持乐观态度)
adv. positively 积极地；肯定地：think positively (积极地思考)
n.positivity (不可数) 积极性；乐观：a wave of positivity (一股积极向上的氛围)
反义词 adj. negative (消极的；负面的；否定的)/pessimistic: 悲观的 (认为坏事会发生)
近义词 adj.optimistic
We should always keep a positive attitude towards life.
我们应该始终对生活保持积极的态度。
His teacher gave him some positive feedback on his essay.
老师对他的文章给予了一些正面的反馈。
Unfortunately, he tested positive for COVID-19.
不幸的是，他的新冠检测呈阳性。
slim /sl m/ adj. 苗条的；单薄的；微小的；渺茫的 (指机会、可能性)
slim down (减肥；缩减)
比较级/最高级：slimmer, slimmest
slim：褒义，形容健康、匀称的瘦。
thin (瘦的)：中性或贬义，可指不健康的瘦，或泛指厚度小。
skinny：常带贬义，形容骨瘦如柴、过于瘦弱。
She keeps slim by exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet.
她通过定期锻炼和均衡饮食来保持苗条。
There's only a slim chance that it will snow tomorrow.
（明天下雪的可能性很渺茫。）
diet / da t/ n. 规定饮食；日常饮食. vi. 节食
be on a diet (在节食)
a balanced diet (均衡饮食)
go on a diet (开始节食)
rather / rɑ (r)/adv. 相当；有点儿
rather than 而不是
rather than 的核心是连接两个平行的、对等的成分。
1. 连接两个名词/代词
I think I'll have tea rather than coffee
2. 连接两个动词（当 rather than 位于句中时，后面的动词形式通常与前面的动词形式保持一致。）
He decided to quit rather than accept the new terms.
I prefer walking rather than taking the bus.
3. 连接两个介词短语
We play basketball in the gym rather than on the playground when it rains.
4. 位于句首（当为了强调而将 rather than 置于句首时，后面的动词常用动词-ing形式）
Rather than wasting time on video games, you should focus on your studies.
5.连接句子
We decided to start the project immediately rather than we delay it any longer.
rather than vs other than
rather than：表示 “选择A而不是B” ，强调主观上的选择与取舍。
other than：表示 “除了...” ，强调排除关系。
I'd like to read a novel rather than a magazine.
(我想看小说，而不是杂志。) - 二选一
He has no hobbies other than playing games.
(他除了玩游戏没有别的爱好。) - 排除法，仅此一项
rather than vs instead of
两者意思非常接近，常可互换，但 instead of 后面只能接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，不能接不定式。rather than 的结构更灵活。
would rather do... than do...
prefer to do A rather than do B
I would rather stay at home and read than go to that noisy party.
我宁愿待在家里看书，也不愿去那个吵闹的派对。
“宁愿做...也不愿做...” 或 “更喜欢做...而不是...”。
I would rather walk than run. = I prefer to walk rather than run.
I prefer to stay at home and read rather than go to that noisy party.
我宁愿走路也不愿跑步。
我宁愿待在家里看书，也不愿去那个吵闹的派对。(prefer)
cut… out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
cut off：切断（供应、联系）；中断（通话）;隔离，使隔绝
cut down (on sth.)砍倒（树木）;减少，削减（数量、开支等）
cut out 1.剪下（图片等）;2.删除，删去（文章、片段）;3.停止使用；戒除（习惯）;4.（机器）停止工作
cut in 插嘴，打断;超车抢道
The teacher told him to cut down on the time he spends playing games.
老师让他减少花在玩游戏上的时间。
The storm cut off the electricity in the entire village.
(暴风雨切断了整个村子的电力供应。)
She cut out the article and stuck it in her notebook.
(她把文章剪下来贴在笔记本里。)
It's impolite to cut in when others are talking.
(别人说话时插嘴是不礼貌的。)
compare… with/to…. 与……比较
（1）compare A with B 将A与B进行比较
Compare your answer with your deskmate's to see if you got the same result.
（比较一下你的答案和你同桌的，看看结果是否一致。）
（2）compare A to B 将A比作B
Poets often compare life to a long journey.
（诗人们常把人生比作一场漫长的旅程。）
当使用过去分词 compared 时，后面接 with 或 to 在意思上区别不大，都表示 "与...相比"。
Compared with/to last year, our class has made great progress in English.
(与去年相比，我们班的英语取得了巨大进步。）
stress/stres/n. 压力；紧张；重音.
vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安.
vi. 焦虑不安
adj. stressed 焦虑不安的，压力大的：feel stressed (感到压力大)，
a stressed student (一个压力大的学生)
adj. stressful 压力重的，紧张的：a stressful job (一份压力大的工作)，
a stressful period (一段压力很大的时期)
adv. stressfully 充满压力地
Many students are under a lot of stress because of the final exams.
（许多学生因为期末考试而承受着巨大的压力。）
Our headteacher always puts great stress on the importance of honesty.
（我们班主任总是强调诚实的重要性。）
I feel really stressed when I have too much homework to do.
（当有太多作业要做时，我感到真的压力很大。）
error / er (r)/ n. 错误；差错
make an error (犯错误)
correct an error (纠正错误)
in error (错误地， 相当于 by mistake)
error：更正式，常指因偏离标准、规则或计划而导致的“错误”，尤其在计算、程序、判断等方面。
mistake：更普通、口语化，指因理解、判断、粗心等造成的“错误”，强调责任在行为人本身。
fault: 强调过错、责任，或机器设备的故障。
bug：特指计算机程序或系统中的缺陷、漏洞。