2026届高考英语二轮复习：语态 课件(共14张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：语态 课件(共14张PPT) |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 82.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-06 00:00:00 | ||
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文档简介
(共14张PPT)
语态
Learning objectives
准确陈述被动语态的结构规则（be + 过去分词）
熟练运用三步转换法
在写作中根据语境需求主动选用被动语态，规避不及物动词误用、介词遗漏等典型错误。
一、语态的定义与分类
英语中语态有两种，根据主语与谓语的关系，可分为主动语态和被动语态
语态类型 核心区别 例句对比
主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 The cat chased the mouse.
被动语态 主语是动作的承受者 The mouse was chased by the cat.
二、主动与被动的语义差异
角度 主动语态 被动语态
强调重点 动作执行者（Who did it ） 动作承受者（What happened ）
句子重心 主语 谓语动词后的信息
语境适用 日常对话/故事叙述 学术论文/新闻报告/技术说明
三、被动语态使用场景
场景 例句 说明
1. 动作执行者未知 The window was broken. 强调窗户破了，谁打破的不重要
2. 强调动作承受者 The Mona Lisa was painted by da Vinci. 突出《蒙娜丽莎》而非达芬奇
3. 客观陈述/科技文献 The data is analyzed by computer. 避免主观表述，更正式
4. 避免指责 Mistakes were made. 模糊责任主体（常见于政治场合）
四、被动语态的核心结构
主语 + be动词 + 过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)
关键：
be动词 需随主语人称、时态变化
过去分词 固定不变（规则动词+ed/不规则动词特殊形式）
五、被动语态的时态形式（重点！）
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句（被动）
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + pp Letters are delivered daily.
一般过去时 did was/were + pp The castle was built in 1780.
一般将来时 will do will be + pp The project will be finished tomorrow.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being + pp The road is being repaired.
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being + pp My car was being cleaned when I arrived.
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been + pp The thief has been caught.
过去完成时 had done had been + pp The tickets had been sold out before I called.
将来完成时 will have done will have been + pp The bridge will have been completed by December.
六、主动语态 → 被动语态转换方法（四步法）
Step 1: 宾主换位（找出宾语，将其提前作主语）
关键动作：将 宾语 移至句首作主语
主动：They (主) produce (谓) cars (宾). 被动：Cars (新主语) ...
Step 2: 动变被动（谓语改为“be + 过去分词”，be动词需匹配新主语）
Step 3: 原主语处理（原主语前加by，不重要则省略）
若需强调执行者：加 by + 原主语（代词需变宾格）
主动：The chef cooked the meal. 被动：The meal was cooked by the chef.
若执行者未知/不重要：直接省略
主动：Someone stole my wallet. 被动：My wallet was stolen.（省略by someone
总结口诀
一移宾语作主语
二变be加过分词
三加by或省执行
时态一致莫忘记
七、被动语态转换的四大核心规则
1. 时态一致性规则 ：主动语态时态必须完整保留在被动结构的be动词中：
主动：He has fixed the car. 被动：The car has been fixed.
2. 宾语前置规则：只有及物动词才有被动语态（必须有宾语）：
及物动词：read → The book is read
不及物动词：arrive → The station is arrived
3. 介词保留规则：短语动词的介词不可丢弃：
主动：They laughed at him.
被动：He was laughed at.（ 错误：He was laughed.）
4. 双宾语选择规则：双宾语动词可选择直接宾语或间接宾语作主语：
主动：She gave me a gift.
被动1（间接宾语主语）：I was given a gift.
被动2（直接宾语主语）：A gift was given to me.
八、非谓语动词的被动形式
形式 结构 例句
不定式被动 to be + pp She wants to be invited.
动名词被动 being + pp He hates being interrupted.
现在分词被动 being + pp Being criticized, he felt upset.
过去分词（表被动） pp Written in old English, the text is hard to read.
Ⅰ. 用被动语态改写句子
Someone cleans the office every night.
→ The office is cleaned every night.
They will announce the results next week.
→ The results will be announced next week.
Has anyone fed the cat yet
→ Has the cat been fed yet
选择正确选项
The new library ______ next month.
A. opens B. is opened C. will be opened
I dislike ______ while I'm studying.
A. interrupting B. being interrupted C. to interrupt
C
B
Thank you.
语态
Learning objectives
准确陈述被动语态的结构规则（be + 过去分词）
熟练运用三步转换法
在写作中根据语境需求主动选用被动语态，规避不及物动词误用、介词遗漏等典型错误。
一、语态的定义与分类
英语中语态有两种，根据主语与谓语的关系，可分为主动语态和被动语态
语态类型 核心区别 例句对比
主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 The cat chased the mouse.
被动语态 主语是动作的承受者 The mouse was chased by the cat.
二、主动与被动的语义差异
角度 主动语态 被动语态
强调重点 动作执行者（Who did it ） 动作承受者（What happened ）
句子重心 主语 谓语动词后的信息
语境适用 日常对话/故事叙述 学术论文/新闻报告/技术说明
三、被动语态使用场景
场景 例句 说明
1. 动作执行者未知 The window was broken. 强调窗户破了，谁打破的不重要
2. 强调动作承受者 The Mona Lisa was painted by da Vinci. 突出《蒙娜丽莎》而非达芬奇
3. 客观陈述/科技文献 The data is analyzed by computer. 避免主观表述，更正式
4. 避免指责 Mistakes were made. 模糊责任主体（常见于政治场合）
四、被动语态的核心结构
主语 + be动词 + 过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)
关键：
be动词 需随主语人称、时态变化
过去分词 固定不变（规则动词+ed/不规则动词特殊形式）
五、被动语态的时态形式（重点！）
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句（被动）
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + pp Letters are delivered daily.
一般过去时 did was/were + pp The castle was built in 1780.
一般将来时 will do will be + pp The project will be finished tomorrow.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being + pp The road is being repaired.
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being + pp My car was being cleaned when I arrived.
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been + pp The thief has been caught.
过去完成时 had done had been + pp The tickets had been sold out before I called.
将来完成时 will have done will have been + pp The bridge will have been completed by December.
六、主动语态 → 被动语态转换方法（四步法）
Step 1: 宾主换位（找出宾语，将其提前作主语）
关键动作：将 宾语 移至句首作主语
主动：They (主) produce (谓) cars (宾). 被动：Cars (新主语) ...
Step 2: 动变被动（谓语改为“be + 过去分词”，be动词需匹配新主语）
Step 3: 原主语处理（原主语前加by，不重要则省略）
若需强调执行者：加 by + 原主语（代词需变宾格）
主动：The chef cooked the meal. 被动：The meal was cooked by the chef.
若执行者未知/不重要：直接省略
主动：Someone stole my wallet. 被动：My wallet was stolen.（省略by someone
总结口诀
一移宾语作主语
二变be加过分词
三加by或省执行
时态一致莫忘记
七、被动语态转换的四大核心规则
1. 时态一致性规则 ：主动语态时态必须完整保留在被动结构的be动词中：
主动：He has fixed the car. 被动：The car has been fixed.
2. 宾语前置规则：只有及物动词才有被动语态（必须有宾语）：
及物动词：read → The book is read
不及物动词：arrive → The station is arrived
3. 介词保留规则：短语动词的介词不可丢弃：
主动：They laughed at him.
被动：He was laughed at.（ 错误：He was laughed.）
4. 双宾语选择规则：双宾语动词可选择直接宾语或间接宾语作主语：
主动：She gave me a gift.
被动1（间接宾语主语）：I was given a gift.
被动2（直接宾语主语）：A gift was given to me.
八、非谓语动词的被动形式
形式 结构 例句
不定式被动 to be + pp She wants to be invited.
动名词被动 being + pp He hates being interrupted.
现在分词被动 being + pp Being criticized, he felt upset.
过去分词（表被动） pp Written in old English, the text is hard to read.
Ⅰ. 用被动语态改写句子
Someone cleans the office every night.
→ The office is cleaned every night.
They will announce the results next week.
→ The results will be announced next week.
Has anyone fed the cat yet
→ Has the cat been fed yet
选择正确选项
The new library ______ next month.
A. opens B. is opened C. will be opened
I dislike ______ while I'm studying.
A. interrupting B. being interrupted C. to interrupt
C
B
Thank you.