人与社会：2023年新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空 导学案（教师版）
试题来源 语篇类型 主题语境 题材
2023年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 — 人际交往 竞争中的互助与善良
一、语篇主题与核心思想 本文以第三人称叙述 Melanie Bailey 在越野赛跑中帮助受伤对手的故事：Bailey 本可提前完成比赛，却因救助受伤的竞争对手 Danielle Lenoue 而延迟赛程，最终将其背至终点并获得医疗帮助，两人也因此成为朋友。主题围绕竞争中的人性选择、陌生人之间的互助精神，体现了新课标对 “社会责任与人文关怀” 主题的关注，传递 “善良比胜负更有价值” 的人生理念。 二、语篇结构分析 段落内容划分核心事件 / 观点第1段引言介绍比赛场景，指出Melanie Bailey因帮助他人未能及时完成比赛。第2段救助过程（发现→行动）Bailey发现Lenoue受伤哭泣，主动停下帮助，最终背她越过终点线并送至医疗点。第3段救助结果Lenoue因伤势严重需送医，而Bailey的善举被报道，两人从陌生人变为朋友。第4段感悟与升华Bailey对“善举被赞扬”感到困惑，认为只是做了正确的事，凸显人性善良的纯粹性。
结构特点： 时间顺序 + 因果链：以“比赛→助人→结果→感悟”为主线，逻辑清晰。 首尾呼应：开头强调“未及时完成比赛”，结尾点明“人性的胜利”，形成主题闭环。 三、语言与逻辑分析 1. 词汇选择与情感色彩 动词链体现行为轨迹：competed（参与）→should have finished（本应完成）→stopped to help（停下救助）→carried（背负）→become friends（成为朋友），清晰呈现事件发展脉络。 情感词强化对比： 积极：kindness（善良）、friends（友谊）； 消极：crying in pain（痛苦哭泣）、serious injuries（严重受伤）、extreme pain（剧痛），通过困境与援手的对比突出善良价值。 逻辑衔接手段 转折：should have finished earlier...but her delay came（第1段），突出行为与预期的反差。 因果：because she was carrying...（第1段）、She would have struggled...without...（第3段），解释行为动机与后果。 指代衔接：she（指Bailey/Lenoue）、her act（指背人行为），确保语篇连贯。 四、题型与考点分析 1. 设题维度 语境理解（占比60%）：如21题finished（未及时完成）、25题stopped（停下帮助），需结合事件逻辑判断。 情感态度（占比30%）：如31题confused（对赞扬的困惑）、35题display（人性的展现），考查对人物心理的把握。 固定搭配（占比10%）：如 28 题 medical attention（医疗救助）、32题deal（big deal，重要之事），涉及短语用法。 2. 干扰项设计特点 近义干扰：如22题delay（延误）与干扰项rouble（麻烦），需结合“未及时完成”语境排除。 情感误导：如31题干扰项ashamed（羞愧）与后文“doing the right thing”矛盾。 常识陷阱：如28题medical attention（医疗救助）与干扰项public（公众关注）。 文化与教育内涵 竞争中的人文关怀：通过 “放弃提前完赛→救助对手” 的选择，批判 “唯胜负论”，倡导竞争中的同理心与互助精神； 善良的价值认同：末段 “the display of human kindness won the day” 呼应新课标对 “健全人格与社会责任” 的培养要求，体现 “人性温暖超越竞技结果” 的教育理念。
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
【2024新课标I卷】
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词 ④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
21 A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished D ①语境
22 A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse A ⑦转折关系
23 A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor D ①语境
24 A.race B.school C.town D.training A ②复现
25 A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised C ①语境
26 A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice B ①语境
27 A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down D ⑥递进关系
28 A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal A ①语境
29 A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated B ⑥递进关系
30 A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness B ②复现
31 A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged C ①语境
32 A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal D ①语境
33 A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand A ①语境
34 A.ride B.test C.meet D.show C ③同义词
35 A.secret B.display benefit D.exchange B ①语境
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The article tells the story of Melanie Bailey, who delayed finishing a cross-country race to carry an injured fellow runner Danielle Lenoue to get medical help, highlighting that the display of human kindness is more valuable than winning the race.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Background Setup Hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race Competitive
Unexpected Situation Bailey noticed a fellow runner (Danielle Lenoue) crying in pain Concerned
Aid Attempt She stopped to help, first trying to assist Lenoue in walking with aid, but Lenoue couldn’t passionate
Rescue Action Bailey bent down, let Lenoue climb onto her back, and carried her to the finish line and further to get medical attention. Determined
Outcome of Rescue Lenoue was assessed, taken to the hospital, and diagnosed with serious knee injuries Relieved
Reflection Bailey expresses confusion about being praised for her actions Confused
Theme Highlight The two strangers became friends after the race; neither won, but the display of human kindness won the day. Hopeful/Warm
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1（108词）
10 月 11 日，数百名赛跑选手参加了明尼苏达州的越野赛事，清冷的秋日空气中，他们呼出的气息凝结成一团团白雾【独立主格结构，环境描写（渲染赛事场景氛围）】。本应提前完成赛程的梅勒妮 贝利，因眼前出现的一幕推迟了自己的完赛时间：同为参赛者的丹妮尔 勒努瓦摔倒在赛道上，手捂着膝盖剧痛难忍，泪水顺着脸颊滑落【独立主格结构，情感描写】。贝利毫不犹豫地停在这位困境中的对手身旁，试图用手臂搀扶勒努瓦【现在分词作状语，动作描写】，看看她能否在帮助下行走，但勒努瓦根本无法动弹。轻轻弯下腰【现在分词作状语，动作描写】，贝利让勒努瓦爬上自己的后背，一路背着她前行，全然不顾自己被延后的赛程【现在分词作状语，情感描写】。
Hundreds of runners raced in the Minnesota cross-country event on October 11, their breaths forming clouds in the crisp autumn air. Melanie Bailey, who should have finished the course earlier, delayed her finish when a scene appeared before her: fellow runner Danielle Lenoue fell on the path, tears streaming down her face as she held her knee in great pain. Without hesitation, Bailey stopped beside the struggling competitor, trying to support Lenoue with her arm to see if she could walk with aid, but Lenoue couldn’t move. Bending down gently, Bailey let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way, ignoring her own delayed finish.
Paragraph 2（87词）
尽管当天两位女士都没有获奖，但她们的故事却成了善良的象征。在医疗帐篷里，医生诊断出勒努瓦的膝盖伤势严重 ——若未及时救治将造成剧烈疼痛的伤势【定语从句，原因说明】。当被问及这一无私举动时，贝利耸了耸肩，语气中带着真切的困惑【独立主格结构，心理状态外化】：“弃她而去是不可能的，我只是做了当下觉得正确的事。” 这份自然而然的善意让两个陌生人成为了终生挚友，这也证明：虽然赛跑考验的是速度，而人性的善良才是真正的赢家。【现在分词作状语，主题升华】
Though neither woman won a prize that day, their story became a heartwarming symbol of kindness. At the medical tent, doctors assessed Lenoue's severe knee injury—a condition that would have caused terrible pain without immediate treatment. When asked about her selfless act, Bailey shrugged, her voice showing real confusion: “Leaving her there was out of question, I just did what felt right.” No grand words, just pure kindness. This natural kindness turned two strangers into lifelong friends, proving that while races test speed, human kindness truly wins.人与社会：2023年新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空 导学案（学生版）
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷】
①On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 21 the course earlier than she did. Her 22 came because she was carrying a 23 across the finish line.
②As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 24 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 25 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 26 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 27 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 28 attention.
③Once there, Lenoue was 29 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 30 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
④As for Bailey, she is more 31 about why her act is considered a big 32 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 33 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 34 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 35 of human kindness won the day.
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词 ④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
21 A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished
22 A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse
23 A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor
24 A.race B.school C.town D.training
25 A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised
26 A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice
27 A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
28 A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal
29 A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated
30 A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness
31 A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged
32 A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal
33 A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand
34 A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
35 A.secret B.display benefit D.exchange
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The article tells the story of Melanie Bailey, who delayed finishing a cross-country race to ___________________________________________________ to get medical help, highlighting that the display of___________________is more valuable than ___________________.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Background Setup Hundreds of runners __________ in a cross-country race Competitive
Unexpected Situation Bailey noticed a fellow runner (Danielle Lenoue)____________________ __________
Aid Attempt She stopped to help, first trying to assist Lenoue in walking with aid, but Lenoue couldn’t passionate
Rescue Action Bailey__________, let Lenoue climb onto her back, and carried her to the finish line and further to get_________________. Determined
Outcome of Rescue Lenoue was__________, taken to the hospital, and diagnosed with serious knee injuries __________
Reflection Bailey expresses confusion about being praised for her actions __________
Theme Highlight The two strangers became friends after the race; neither won, but the display of ________________won the day. __________
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1（108词）
10 月 11 日，数百名赛跑选手参加了明尼苏达州的越野赛事，清冷的秋日空气中，他们呼出的气息凝结成一团团白雾【独立主格结构，环境描写（渲染赛事场景氛围）】。本应提前完成赛程的梅勒妮 贝利，因眼前出现的一幕推迟了自己的完赛时间：同为参赛者的丹妮尔 勒努瓦摔倒在赛道上，手捂着膝盖剧痛难忍，泪水顺着脸颊滑落【独立主格结构，情感描写】。贝利毫不犹豫地停在这位困境中的对手身旁，试图用手臂搀扶勒努瓦【现在分词作状语，动作描写】，看看她能否在帮助下行走，但勒努瓦根本无法动弹。轻轻弯下腰【现在分词作状语，动作描写】，贝利让勒努瓦爬上自己的后背，一路背着她前行，全然不顾自己被延后的赛程【现在分词作状语，情感描写】。
Hundreds of runners raced in the Minnesota cross-country event on October 11, ___________________________________. Melanie Bailey, who should have finished the course earlier, delayed her finish when a scene appeared before her: fellow runner Danielle Lenoue fell on the path, _____________________________ as she held her knee in great pain. Without hesitation, Bailey stopped beside the struggling competitor, _____________________________to see if she could walk with aid, but Lenoue couldn’t move. _____________________________, Bailey let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way, _____________________________.
Paragraph 2（87词）
尽管当天两位女士都没有获奖，但她们的故事却成了善良的象征。在医疗帐篷里，医生诊断出勒努瓦的膝盖伤势严重 ——若未及时救治将造成剧烈疼痛的伤势【定语从句，原因说明】。当被问及这一无私举动时，贝利耸了耸肩，语气中带着真切的困惑【独立主格结构，心理状态外化】：“弃她而去是不可能的，我只是做了当下觉得正确的事。” 这份自然而然的善意让两个陌生人成为了终生挚友，这也证明：虽然赛跑考验的是速度，而人性的善良才是真正的赢家。【现在分词作状语，主题升华】
Though neither woman won a prize that day, their story became a heartwarming symbol of kindness. At the medical tent, doctors assessed Lenoue’s severe knee injury— __________________________________________________________. When asked about her selfless act, Bailey shrugged, _____________________________: “Leaving her there was out of question, I just did what felt right.” No grand words, just pure kindness. This natural kindness turned two strangers into lifelong friends, _____________________________ _____________________________________________________.
