人与社会2024年浙江1月卷完形填空导学案（教师版）
试题来源 语篇类型 主题语境 题材
2024年浙江1月卷 记叙文 人与社会——生活故事 一段不寻常火车之旅
一、语篇主题与核心思想 本文以第一人称叙述 “我” 在穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的 20 小时火车旅途中，与一位当地修路工人的相遇经历。故事通过年轻人 “白天修路养家、夜晚坚持学习” 的反差形象，打破了 “我” 对其职业身份的刻板印象，揭示了 “跨阶层交流能打破偏见，开放心态可收获认知成长” 的主题。核心思想围绕 “社会个体的多元价值” 与 “打破固有认知的重要性”，体现了新课标对 “人与社会互动关系” 及 “批判性思维” 的关注。 语篇结构分析 段落内容划分核心事件 / 观点第1段旅程背景与相遇开启“我” 在穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的 20 小时火车旅途中，与一位当地年轻人相遇，开启交流，点明这是旅行者渴望的奇妙邂逅第2段交流内容与人物呈现交流中，年轻人讲述为养家，读两年职业学校后找修建公路工作，更突出的是他体力劳动后仍每日花数小时学习，会引用爱默生译文并探讨美国作家文学影响，还问及俄罗斯作家相关内容第3段认知转变与主题深化“我”本易对这位离家不远的公路建设者有固有猜想，但其博学、自学且令人钦佩的特质打破 “我”的偏见，展现与不同阶层当地人交流、开放心态旅行的收获
结构特点： 时间顺序+场景递进：以 “相遇（approached）→交流（spoke/asked）→反思（realized）” 的时间线展开，通过火车上的具体对话场景推动情节。 首尾呼应：首段以 “wonderful encounter” 引出旅程惊喜，末段以 “gain from traveling with an open mind” 收束，强调 “开放心态” 的主题闭环。 对比手法：将年轻人 “体力劳动者” 的身份与 “自学 Emerson、探讨文学” 的行为对比，突出人物反差。 三、语言与逻辑分析 1. 词汇选择与情感色彩 动词链体现行为逻辑： approached（接近）→spoke（交谈）→asked（提问）→recall（回忆）→showed（启示），清晰呈现互动过程。 情感词强化主题： 积极：humbling（谦逊的）、wonderful（美妙的）、admirable（令人钦佩的），表达作者对相遇的珍视； 反差：surprised（惊讶）、prevented me from assumptions（打破偏见），突出认知转变。 2. 逻辑衔接手段 转折词：however（第 2 段）转折引出年轻人学习的细节，but（第 3 段）转折打破作者固有印象，推动情节起伏。 因果关系：in order to help support his family（解释辍学原因）、prevented me doing so（说明偏见被打破的结果），逻辑连贯。 指代衔接：this man（指代年轻人）、this highway builder（呼应职业身份），确保语篇指代明确。 四、题型与考点分析 1. 设题维度 语境理解（占比约 70%）：如 25 题attended a two-year professional school（就读职业学校），需结合 “找工作” 的语境选择；26 题building highways（修建公路），根据后文 “highway builder” 身份锁定答案。 情感态度（占比约 20%）：27 题remarkable（非凡的），考查对年轻人“辛苦工作仍坚持学习”这一行为的情感判断；32 题self-educated（自学的），需通过 “studying after labor” 判断人物特质。 固定搭配 / 熟词生义（占比约 10%）：24 题took the chance（抓住机会），为固定短语；34 题engage with locals（与当地人交流），engage此处意为 “互动”。 2. 干扰项设计特点 利用近义词混淆：25 题干扰项visited（访问）与正确项attended（就读），需结合 “school” 的搭配语境；31 题干扰项rely on（依赖）与正确项go over（克服），需根据 “打破偏见” 的语义选择。 结合常识设陷：26 题干扰项checking/guarding highways（检查 / 守卫公路），忽略 “修路养家” 的现实逻辑； 情感误导：32 题干扰项well-behaved（举止端正）与 “自学” 的核心特质无关，需通过 “studying Emerson” 判断。 五、文化与教育内涵 反刻板印象价值观：通过 “体力劳动者≠缺乏精神追求” 的反差，批判以职业标签评判他人的社会偏见，倡导 “多元视角认知个体价值”。 终身学习理念：年轻人 “边劳动边自学” 的行为，呼应新课标对 “自我提升与社会适应能力” 的培养要求，体现 “教育不受阶层限制” 的教育观。 跨文化交流意义：火车上的偶遇揭示 “旅行中与当地人互动” 是打破文化隔阂的重要途径，契合 “人与社会” 主题中 “开放包容” 的核心素养。
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment B 语境
22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached D 语境
23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost C ①语境
24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right A ①语境
25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded C ①语境
26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding A ②复现
27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable D ⑧解释说明
28. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download B ①语境
29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students A ②复现
30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch C ①语境
31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with B ⑥转折关系
32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated D 复现
33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised C ①语境
34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching A ②复现
35 A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage D ①语境
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The author recounts an encounter with a self-educated highway builder on a train journey, highlighting the importance of breaking stereotypes and embracing open-minded interactions with others.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Encounter On a 20 - hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert, a young Chinese man approached me. Expectant/Curious
Communication My new friend, who spoke little English, told me about attending a two - year professional school to find a job building highways to support his family, and he spent hours studying daily after labor, quoting Emerson and asking about American writers and Russian authors. Surprised/Admiring
Reflection I realized it would be easy to rely on assumptions about this highway builder, but his well - informed, self - educated and admirable qualities prevented me. He showed me the gain from traveling with an open mind and engaging with locals. Enlightened/Reflective
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1 （117 词）
在中国西北部塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的 20 小时火车旅途中，我与一位当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅 —— 这段经历既让人谦逊，又富有教育意义，是所有旅行者梦寐以求的【同位语从句，主题铺垫（点明邂逅的价值定位）】。火车上，一位年轻的中国男子向我走来。由于我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，我欣然抓住机会练习中文【同位语从句，主题铺垫（点明邂逅的价值定位）】。在数小时的交谈中，他告诉我，他读了两年职业学校，为的是找到一份修建公路的工作，希望能养家糊口【现在分词作目的状语，人物背景补充（解释工作动机）】。然而，最让我印象深刻的是，他每天在劳累的体力劳动后仍会花数小时学习【主语从句 + 表语从句，人物特质凸显（突出好学精神，制造认知反差）】，甚至随口引用爱默生的译文片段，还探讨了美国作家的文学影响。
During a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had a wonderful encounter with a local—a humbling and educational experience that all travelers dream of. A young Chinese man approached me on the train. Since my new friend spoke almost no English, I gladly took the chance to practice my Chinese. Over hours of conversation, he shared that he had attended a two-year professional school to find a job building highways, hoping to support his family. What impressed me most, however, was that he spent hours studying every day after tiring physical labor, even casually quoting a translated passage by Emerson and discussing the literary influence of American writers.
Paragraph 2 （129 词）
我本容易对这位从未远离家乡的公路建设者抱有固有偏见。但这位见多识广、自学成才又令人敬佩的年轻人【形容词短语作定语，人物形象凝练（概括核心品质，强化反差效果）】改变了我的想法。他谈论托尔斯泰的热情，丝毫不亚于描述公路建设时的投入；当提到攒钱买更多书的梦想时，他的脸上洋溢着光彩【独立主格结构，细节渲染（借神态展现内心热忱，丰富人物层次）】。短短几小时里，他让我明白，带着开放的心态旅行能收获多少：不仅是沿途的风景或新鲜的故事，更是打破刻板印象的机会，是与那些生活虽与我们不同、却同样充满希望与挣扎的人产生联结【“not just...but...” 并列结构 + 定语从句，内涵拓展（阐释旅行收获的多元性与深度）】 —— 而这一切，都始于愿意与各行各业的当地人交流【动名词短语作宾语，主题升华（提炼交流意义，收束认知感悟）】。
It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never left his hometown far behind. But this well-informed, self-educated, and admirable young man changed my mind. He talked about Tolstoy with the same passion he used to describe highway construction, his face glowing when he mentioned his dream of saving enough to buy more books. In just a few hours, he showed me how much one can gain from traveling with an open mind: not just scenic views or new stories, but a chance to shatter stereotypes and connect with people whose lives, though different from ours, are filled with the same hopes and struggles—and all of this begins with being willing to engage with locals from all walks of life.人与社会2024年浙江1月卷完形填空导学案（学生版）
人与社会2024年浙江1月卷完形填空导学案（学生版）
Task 1: Reading based on discourse analysis
【2024新课标I卷】
①While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 21 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 22 me on the train. My 23 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 24 to practice my Chinese.
②Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 25 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 26 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most
27 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 28 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 29 as a whole.” And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I 30 _ him asking at one point.
③It would have been easy to 31 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 32 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 33 me just how much one can gain from 34 with an open mind, and a willingness to 35 with locals from all walks of life.
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系
⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
27. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
28. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
29. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
32. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
35 A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The author recounts an encounter with on a train journey, highlighting the importance of and embracing with others.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Encounter On a 20 - hour along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert, approached me.
Communication My new friend, who spoke little English, told me about attending a two - year professional school to find a job to , and he spent hours studying daily after labor, quoting Emerson and asking about .
Reflection I realized it would be easy to rely on assumptions about this highway builder, but his , self - educated and qualities prevented me. He showed me the gain from traveling with an open mind and engaging with locals.
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1
在中国西北部塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的 20 小时火车旅途中，我与一位当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅 —— 这段经历既让人谦逊，又富有教育意义，是所有旅行者梦寐以求的【同位语从句，主题铺垫（点明邂逅的价值定位）】。火车上，一位年轻的中国男子向我走来。由于我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，我欣然抓住机会练习中文【同位语从句，主题铺垫（点明邂逅的价值定位）】。在数小时的交谈中，他告诉我，他读了两年职业学校，为的是找到一份修建公路的工作，希望能养家糊口【现在分词作目的状语，人物背景补充（解释工作动机）】。然而，最让我印象深刻的是，他每天在劳累的体力劳动后仍会花数小时学习【主语从句 + 表语从句，人物特质凸显（突出好学精神，制造认知反差）】，甚至随口引用爱默生的译文片段，还探讨了美国作家的文学影响。
During a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had a wonderful encounter with a local— . A young Chinese man approached me on the train. ,
. Over hours of conversation, he shared that he had attended a two-year professional school to find a job building highways, . ,
, even casually quoting a translated passage by Emerson and discussing the literary influence of American writers.
Paragraph 2
我本容易对这位从未远离家乡的公路建设者抱有固有偏见。但这位见多识广、自学成才又令人敬佩的年轻人【形容词短语作定语，人物形象凝练（概括核心品质，强化反差效果）】改变了我的想法。他谈论托尔斯泰的热情，丝毫不亚于描述公路建设时的投入；当提到攒钱买更多书的梦想时，他的脸上洋溢着光彩【独立主格结构，细节渲染（借神态展现内心热忱，丰富人物层次）】。短短几小时里，他让我明白，带着开放的心态旅行能收获多少：不仅是沿途的风景或新鲜的故事，更是打破刻板印象的机会，是与那些生活虽与我们不同、却同样充满希望与挣扎的人产生联结【“not just...but...” 并列结构 + 定语从句，内涵拓展（阐释旅行收获的多元性与深度）】 —— 而这一切，都始于愿意与各行各业的当地人交流【动名词短语作宾语，主题升华（提炼交流意义，收束认知感悟）】。
It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never left his hometown far behind. But changed my mind. He talked about Tolstoy with the same passion he used to describe highway construction, . In just a few hours, he showed me how much one can gain from traveling with an open mind:
.—and .
