Unit 5 Good manners 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
manner / m n (r)/ 礼仪;举止 n. 常用复数manners(礼仪),搭配good manners(有礼貌)、bad manners(没礼貌),例:Good manners help us get along with others.(良好的礼仪帮助我们与人相处)
polite /p la t/ 有礼貌的;客气的 adj. 搭配be polite to sb(对某人有礼貌)、speak politely(礼貌地说话),例:It’s polite to greet your teachers when you meet them.(遇到老师时打招呼是有礼貌的)
rude /ru d/ 粗鲁的;无礼的 adj. 搭配be rude to sb(对某人无礼),例:It’s rude to talk with food in your mouth.(嘴里含着食物说话是无礼的)
modest / m d st/ 谦虚的;谦逊的 adj. 搭配be modest about sth(对某事谦虚),例:Chinese people are usually modest when receiving praise.(中国人接受表扬时通常很谦虚)
hospitable / h sp t bl/ 好客的;热情友好的 adj. 搭配be hospitable to guests(对客人好客),例:My Chinese host family was very hospitable during my stay.(我住在中国寄宿家庭时,他们非常好客)
respect /r spekt/ 尊重;尊敬 v./n. 搭配show respect for sb(尊重某人)、have respect for(尊重……),例:We should show respect for our elders and teachers.(我们应该尊重长辈和老师)
behave /b he v/ 表现;举止 v. 搭配behave properly(举止得体)、behave politely(举止有礼貌),例:You should behave well in public places.(你在公共场所应该举止得体)
address / dres/ 称呼;地址 v./n. 此处侧重“称呼”,搭配address sb politely(礼貌地称呼某人),例:We usually address old people as “aunt” or “uncle” in China.(在中国,我们通常礼貌地称呼长辈为“阿姨”或“叔叔”)
patient / pe nt/ 有耐心的 adj. 搭配be patient with sb(对某人有耐心)、wait patiently(耐心等待),例:Teachers are always patient with their students.(老师对学生总是很有耐心)
thoughtful / θ tfl/ 体贴的;考虑周到的 adj. 搭配be thoughtful of sb(某人很体贴),例:It’s thoughtful of you to hold the door for others.(你为别人扶门,真体贴)
punish / p n / 惩罚;处罚 v. 搭配be punished for sth(因某事受惩罚),例:People who drop litter in public may be punished.(在公共场所乱扔垃圾的人可能会受到惩罚)
fine /fa n/ 罚款;美好的 v./adj. 此处侧重“罚款”,例:If you break the traffic rules, you will be fined.(如果你违反交通规则,会被罚款)
separate / sep re t/ 分开;分离 v. 搭配separate...into...(把……分成……),例:We should separate rubbish for recycling.(我们应该分类垃圾以便回收)
properly / pr p li/ 适当地;正确地 adv. 搭配behave properly(举止得体)、speak properly(说话得体),例:You must learn to behave properly in different situations.(你必须学会在不同场合举止得体)
impolite / mp la t/ 不礼貌的;失礼的 adj. 反义词polite,例:It’s impolite to interrupt others when they are talking.(别人说话时打断他们是不礼貌的)
tradition /tr d n/ 传统;惯例 n. 搭配cultural tradition(文化传统),例:Greeting with a handshake is a tradition in many countries.(握手问候是许多国家的传统)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗(单元主题句) As the unit theme says, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”—we should follow local manners when travelling abroad.(正如单元主题所言“入乡随俗”,出国旅行时我们应遵循当地礼仪)
good manners 良好的礼仪 Having good manners is important in daily life.(良好的礼仪在日常生活中很重要)
show respect for 尊重…… We should show respect for our parents and teachers.(我们应该尊重父母和老师)
be polite to 对……有礼貌 Everyone should be polite to strangers.(每个人都应该对陌生人有礼貌)
in public 在公共场合 It’s rude to speak loudly in public.(在公共场合大声说话是无礼的)
talk with food in one’s mouth 嘴里含着食物说话 Never talk with food in your mouth—it’s bad manners.(千万别嘴里含着食物说话,这是坏习惯)
wait in line 排队等候 We must wait in line when buying tickets.(买票时我们必须排队等候)
drop litter 乱扔垃圾 It’s impolite to drop litter anywhere.(到处乱扔垃圾是不礼貌的)
leave the tap running 让水龙头一直流水 Don’t leave the tap running after washing hands.(洗手后别让水龙头一直流水)
hold the door for 为……扶门 It’s thoughtful to hold the door for the person behind you.(为身后的人扶门很体贴)
take care of 照顾;爱护 We should take care of public facilities.(我们应该爱护公共设施)
feel at home 感到宾至如归 My host family’s kindness made me feel at home.(寄宿家庭的善意让我感到宾至如归)
receive praise 接受表扬 Chinese people are modest when receiving praise.(中国人接受表扬时很谦虚)
put food on one’s plate 给某人盘子里夹菜 It’s a way of showing care to put food on guests’ plates in China.(在中国,给客人夹菜是表达关心的一种方式)
keep quiet 保持安静 We must keep quiet in the library.(我们在图书馆必须保持安静)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
表达“足够……可以做某事”:Sb./Sth. + be + 形容词 + enough + to-infinitive 某人/某物足够……可以做…… She is patient enough to listen to others carefully.(她足够有耐心,能仔细听别人说话) 强调“程度足够,能达成某事”,形容词后接enough
表达“太……而不能做某事”:Sb./Sth. + be + too + 形容词 + to-infinitive 某人/某物太……而不能做…… He is too shy to speak in front of the class.(他太害羞,不敢在全班面前说话) 强调“程度过度,无法达成某事”,too后接形容词
表达“对某人来说太……而不能做某事”:Sb./Sth. + be + too + 形容词 + for sb + to-infinitive 对某人来说,某人/某物太……而不能做…… The food is too spicy for me to eat.(这食物对我来说太辣了,吃不了) 加for sb明确动作对象,适配描述因人而异的情况
询问礼仪规范:What are the good manners for ... / Is it polite to ... ……的良好礼仪是什么?/ 做……有礼貌吗? —What are the good manners for eating in China —It’s polite to wait for everyone to start eating.(——中国的用餐礼仪是什么?——等所有人都准备好再开始吃是有礼貌的) 用于日常询问或讨论具体场景的礼仪
给出礼仪建议:You should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. / It’s good/bad manners to ... 你应该/不应该…… / 做……是好/坏习惯。 You shouldn’t pick flowers in the park. / It’s bad manners to leave rubbish anywhere.(你不应该在公园里摘花。/ 到处乱扔垃圾是坏习惯) 直接给出建议,语气委婉实用
描述跨文化差异:In ..., people usually ...; but in ..., people ... 在……,人们通常……;但在……,人们…… In China, people often greet each other with a handshake; but in the UK, people may hug or kiss.(在中国,人们常以握手问候;但在英国,人们可能会拥抱或亲吻) 清晰对比不同国家/地区的礼仪差异