人教版（2024）八年级下册 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 寒假预习讲义

人教版八年级下册 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 寒假预习讲义
Unit 4 核心词汇表
序号 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 拓展延伸
1 wonder [ w nd (r)] n./v. 奇观；奇迹；想知道 natural wonder 自然奇观；the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇迹；wonder about sth. 想知道某事；wonderful adj. 精彩的；奇妙的
2 nature [ ne t (r)] n. 自然；大自然 the beauty of nature 自然之美；natural adj. 自然的；天生的；in nature 在自然界中；natural environment 自然环境
3 natural [ n t r l] adj. 自然的；天生的 natural beauty 自然美景；natural resources 自然资源；naturally adv. 自然地；天生地
4 mountain [ ma nt n] n. 山；山脉 mountain range 山脉；climb mountains 爬山；mountainous adj. 多山的；mountain top 山顶
5 river [ r v (r)] n. 河；江 the Yellow River 黄河；river bank 河岸；river water 河水；cross the river 过河
6 waterfall [ w t f l] n. 瀑布 a beautiful waterfall 美丽的瀑布；visit a waterfall 参观瀑布；waterfall scenery 瀑布景色
7 cave [ke v] n. 洞穴；山洞 go into a cave 进入洞穴；cave exploration 洞穴探险；underground cave 地下洞穴
8 lake [le k] n. 湖；湖泊 the West Lake 西湖；swim in the lake 在湖里游泳；lake water 湖水；by the lake 在湖边
9 forest [ f r st] n. 森林 rain forest 热带雨林；walk through the forest 穿过森林；forest animals 森林动物；protect the forest 保护森林
10 ocean [ n] n. 海洋 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋；ocean waves 海浪；ocean life 海洋生物；by the ocean 在海边
11 desert [ dez t]（n.）/[d z t]（v.） n./v. 沙漠；抛弃 the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠；desert plants 沙漠植物；deserted adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的
12 stone [st n] n. 石头；石块 a big stone 一块大石头；stone bridge 石桥；throw a stone 扔石头；stone statue 石像
13 rock [r k] n./v. 岩石；摇晃 rock climbing 攀岩；rock formation 岩层；a piece of rock 一块岩石；rock the baby 摇晃婴儿
14 beauty [ bju ti] n. 美；美丽；美人 the beauty of the sunset 日落之美；beauty spot 风景胜地；beautiful adj. 美丽的；beautify v. 美化
15 amazing [ me z ] adj. 令人惊奇的；惊人的 an amazing sight 令人惊奇的景象；amaze v. 使惊奇；amazed adj. 感到惊奇的（修饰人）
16 wonderful [ w nd fl] adj. 精彩的；奇妙的 a wonderful trip 精彩的旅行；wonderfully adv. 精彩地；奇妙地；同义：fantastic
17 dangerous [ de nd r s] adj. 危险的 dangerous animals 危险的动物；be in danger 处于危险中；danger n. 危险；safely adv. 安全地（反义词相关）
18 safe [se f] adj. 安全的 be safe and sound 安然无恙；safety n. 安全；safely adv. 安全地；dangerous adj. 危险的（反义词）
19 discover [d sk v (r)] v. 发现；发觉 discover a new place 发现一个新地方；discovery n. 发现；discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事
20 explore [ k spl (r)] v. 探索；探险 explore the forest 探索森林；exploration n. 探索；explorer n. 探险家
21 protect [pr tekt] v. 保护；保卫 protect the environment 保护环境；protect sb./sth. from 保护……免受……；protection n. 保护
22 visit [ v z t] v./n. 参观；拜访 visit a place 参观一个地方；pay a visit to 拜访；visitor n. 参观者；游客
23 travel [ tr vl] v./n. 旅行；出行 travel around the world 环游世界；travel to 去……旅行；traveler n. 旅行者；traveling/travelling 动名词形式
24 see [si ] v. 看见；看到 see sb. do/doing sth. 看见某人做/正在做某事；see a film 看电影；过去式 / 过去分词：saw/seen
25 feel [fi l] v. 感觉；觉得；触摸 feel happy 感到开心；feel like doing sth. 想要做某事；过去式 / 过去分词：felt/felt；feeling n. 感觉
26 natural wonder [ n t r l w nd (r)] 短语 自然奇观 the great natural wonders 伟大的自然奇观；visit natural wonders 参观自然奇观
27 take a trip [te k tr p] 短语 去旅行 take a trip to the mountains 去山区旅行；plan to take a trip 计划去旅行
28 be famous for [bi fe m s f (r)] 短语 因……而著名 be famous for its natural beauty 因自然美景而著名；同义：be well-known for
29 in danger [ n de nd (r)] 短语 处于危险中 be in danger of 处于……的危险中；get out of danger 脱离危险
30 protect...from... [pr tekt ... fr m ...] 短语 保护……免受…… protect plants from the cold 保护植物免受寒冷；from 后接名词或动名词

练习部分
Part 1 词形转换
1.wonder n./v. → adj. ________（精彩的；奇妙的）；adv. ________（精彩地）
2.nature n. → adj. ________（自然的）；adv. ________（自然地）
3.beauty n. → adj. ________（美丽的）；v. ________（美化）
4.amaze v. → adj. ________（令人惊奇的）；adj. ________（感到惊奇的）
5.danger n. → adj. ________（危险的）；adj. ________（安全的，反义词）
6.safe adj. → n. ________（安全）；adv. ________（安全地）
7.discover v. → n. ________（发现）
8.explore v. → n. ________（探索）；n. ________（探险家）
9.protect v. → n. ________（保护）
10.visit v./n. → n. ________（参观者；游客）
Part 2 用词汇的正确形式填空
1.The Grand Canyon is one of the most famous ________ (natural) wonders in the world.
2.We plan to take a trip to the ________ (mountain) area next weekend to enjoy the beauty of nature.
3.It's ________ (amaze) that there are so many colorful fish in the ocean.
4.Don't get close to the wild animals—they are very ________ (danger).
5.We should do our best to ________ (protect) the environment and natural resources.
6.My parents and I ________ (visit) the West Lake last summer vacation. It was wonderful.
7.She ________ (discover) a small cave when she was walking through the forest yesterday.
8.Many ________ (travel) come to this place every year because of its beautiful scenery.
9.The little girl ________ (feel) scared when she saw the big stone falling down.
10.This city is ________ (famous) for its ancient stone bridges and natural lakes.
11.We need to make sure everyone is ________ (safe) during the mountain climbing.
12.He dreams of ________ (explore) the Sahara Desert when he grows up.
13.The ________ (forest) in this area are home to many rare animals.
14.Listening to the sound of ________ (river) makes me feel relaxed.
15.What a ________ (wonder) trip it was! We saw many amazing natural sights.
16.The ________ (beauty) of the sunset over the ocean is beyond words.
17.Some rare plants are in ________ (dangerous) because of human activities.
18.We can ________ (see) many different kinds of birds in the wetland.
19.The guide told us to ________ (stay) together to avoid getting lost in the forest.
20.People have been trying to ________ (learn) more about the secrets of nature for centuries.
Part 3 语法填空
Dear Tom,
I hope you're doing well. Last week, I took a trip to Zhangjiajie with my family. It's a famous place for its amazing natural wonders. I want to share my experience with you.
When we arrived there, I was shocked by the beauty of the mountains. The mountains are made of strange 1.________ (rock) and covered with green trees. We walked through the forest and 2.________ (see) many lovely animals, like monkeys and squirrels. The air there is very fresh because of the thick forest. I felt like I was in a fairyland.
On the second day, we visited a beautiful waterfall. The water fell down from the high mountain, making a loud sound. It was so 3.________ (amaze) that everyone was taking photos. We also took a boat trip on the lake. The lake water is clear and we could see the stones at the bottom.
Our guide told us that some of these natural wonders are in danger because of pollution. So we should 4.________ (protect) them. We shouldn't throw rubbish everywhere and we should try to save water.
I really enjoyed this trip. It made me love nature more. Do you like natural wonders Have you ever 5.________ (visit) any famous natural places What do you want 6.________ (do) if you have a chance to travel I dream of 7.________ (travel) to the Amazon rain forest one day to explore its secrets.
Please write to me soon and tell me about your ideas. I want 8.________ (know) more about your travel experiences.
Yours,
Wang Hai
【答案】
Part 1 词形转换
1.wonderful; wonderfully
2.natural; naturally
3.beautiful; beautify
4.amazing; amazed
5.dangerous; safe
6.safety; safely
7.discovery
8.exploration; explorer
9.protection
10.visitor
Part 2 用词汇的正确形式填空
1.natural （形容词作定语修饰 wonders，natural wonder 固定搭配“自然奇观”）
2.mountainous （形容词作定语修饰 area，mountainous 意为“多山的”，对应名词 mountain）
3.amazing （形容词作表语，修饰事物“海洋里有很多彩色的鱼”这一情况，amazing 表示“令人惊奇的”）
4.dangerous （形容词作表语，描述野生动物的特性，“危险的”，对应名词 danger）
5.protect （情态动词 should 后接动词原形，protect the environment 固定搭配“保护环境”）
6.visited （根据时间状语 last summer vacation 可知用一般过去时，visit 的过去式为 visited）
7.discovered （根据时间状语 yesterday 可知用一般过去时，discover 的过去式为 discovered）
8.travelers （many 后接可数名词复数，traveler 意为“旅行者”，复数形式为 travelers）
9.felt （根据时间状语 when she saw... 可知用一般过去时，feel 的过去式为 felt）10.famous （be famous for 固定搭配“因……而著名”，形容词作表语）
11.safe （形容词作表语，“确保每个人都是安全的”，对应名词 safety）
12.exploring （dream of 固定搭配，of 为介词，后接动名词形式 exploring）
13.forests （根据谓语动词 are 可知主语为复数，forest 的复数形式为 forests）14.rivers （此处泛指河流，用复数形式 rivers，the sound of rivers 意为“河流的声音”）
15.wonderful （形容词作定语修饰 trip，“精彩的旅行”，对应名词 wonder）
16.beauty （名词作主语，“日落之美”，对应形容词 beautiful）
17.danger （in danger 固定搭配“处于危险中”，名词作宾语）
18.see （情态动词 can 后接动词原形，“能看到很多不同种类的鸟”）
19.stay （tell sb. to do sth. 固定搭配，to 后接动词原形，“告诉我们待在一起”）20.learn （try to do sth. 固定搭配，to 后接动词原形，“努力了解大自然的秘密”）
Part 3 语法填空
1.rocks （rock 为可数名词，此处泛指“奇怪的石头”，用复数形式 rocks）
2.saw （and 连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据 walked 可知用一般过去时，see 的过去式为 saw）
3.amazing （形容词作表语，修饰事物“瀑布”，amazing 表示“令人惊奇的”）
4.protect （情态动词 should 后接动词原形，protect them 指代前文的 natural wonders，“保护它们”）
5.visited （根据 have ever 可知此处为现在完成时，结构为 have + 过去分词，visit 的过去分词为 visited）
6.to do （want to do sth. 固定搭配“想要做某事”，此处指“有机会旅行的话你想做什么”）
7.traveling （dream of 固定搭配，of 为介词，后接动名词形式 traveling）
8.to know （want to do sth. 固定搭配“想要做某事”，此处指“我想更多地了解你的旅行经历”）