(共38张PPT)
词汇运用能力考查学生在特定语境或者主题下词汇的正确拼写、词汇的正确形式及词汇的转换和运用能力，以动词和名词最为常见，形容词、副词、代词、介词、数词、习惯用语或固定搭配等也常有涉及。
词汇运用题
课标词汇知识内容三级要求
1．了解英语词汇包括单词、短语、习惯用语和固定搭配等形式。
2．理解和领悟词汇的基本含义，以及在特定语境和语篇中的意义、词性和功能。
3．通过识别词根、词缀理解生词，辨识单词中的前缀、后缀及其意义。
4．在特定语境中，根据不同主题，运用词汇给事物命名，描述事物、行为、过程和特征，说明概念，表达与主题相关的主要信息和观点。
5．围绕相关主题学习并使用约1 600个单词进行交流与表达，另外可以根据实际情况接触并学习相关主题范围内100—300个单词，以及一定数量的习惯用语或固定搭配。
课标要求
1．理解句意，定词义。
2．分析成分，定词性。
3．结合语法，定词形。
常用方法
概述
在解题过程中，我们要仔细看前后文提示，选择词义最符合的单词，再确定其词性和词形。
首字母填空
首字母填空也称为限制型完形填空。它的特点是将一个句子中其中一词“掏空”，留下该词的首字母，它既作为提示又作为限制，让我们根据句子的意思把单词拼写完整，使整句连贯。它要求考生在充分理解句意的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合句子的需要。
首字母的考查范围
01
基础知识的掌握和运用
02
词组短语搭配的使用
03
情景中辨析词性的能力
04
文章逻辑关系的理解
语言综合运用能力
05
解题技巧
3
找准关键词句，反复推敲，定虚实。
2
1
按汉意结合首字母定实词（名， 代，动，形, 副）
4
词与词，短语与短语，句与句之间的关系，定（连词）
当主谓宾齐全时，缺词非介即副。(句子内部)
固定短语搭配 （介词，冠词）
1. In Wuhan it‘s very hot in summer， and very cold in winter.
2. I could look after myself well when I was ten.
3. We usually have three meals a day.
4. It‘s very cold. Please close the door .
5. We often water the young trees in summer.
6. People use money to buy all kinds of things.
7. Most people write with their right hands.
8. A few months later, something was wrong with my computer
（生活常识）
Drills 1
adj.
prep.
n.
v.
v.
n.
adj.
prep.
如何判断句子之间的逻辑关系
如何运用逻辑关系判断所缺单词
难点突破1：
because，
so，
______
…
For example，
such as
______
…
however,
but,
although
_______
…
Besides，
also,
______
…
even if
for
like
and
二、作好句法分析
2
填入词的合适形态
1
判断词性
首字母填空题考查的是语句理解过程中的分析判断，句子成分与词性的对应关系，语法结构，词义辨析等全方位的综合能力。
所以准确判断词性是做好首填题的一大必备技能。
首字母填空题
1动词（Verbs）
2名词（Nouns）
3形容词（Adjectives)
4副词（Adverbs)
7介词（Prepositions）
8 冠词（Articles）
9数词（Numerals）
5代词（Pronouns)
10感叹词（Interjections）
6连词（Conjunctions)
英语词性的分类
实词 （实义词） 表示完整意的词汇意义 动词v 名词n 形容词 adj 副词adv
动作或状态 人或事物的名称 人或事物的特征，修饰名词 动作的状态或特征，修饰动、形、副、全句
虚词 （功能词） 没有完整的词汇意义，只表示语法意义 助动aux 代pron. 连词conj. 介词prep. 冠词art.
Do,can,must,will等，置于主动词之前 代替名词、数词、形容词 连接单词、词组、分句的逻辑词 用在名词性成分（名词、代词）之前 在名词之前，限定所指范围
数词num. 表示数目（基数词）或顺序（序数词） 感叹词int. oh，hello，hi，yeah等 （注：数词与感叹词介于实义词与功能词两者之间）
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子的成分包括：主语subject、谓语、表语、宾语object（直接和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分.
其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。
如何判断词性
例句:
【I】【played】a【red】【basketball】【yesterday in the house】
主 谓 定 宾 状
①I是主语，发出动作的人或物。
②play是谓语，就是一个动词，动词包括行为动词如play,go,listen就是一个动作，还包括be动词即am is are been
④basketball就是宾语，宾语就是行为动词后面的那个词（就是动作的承受者）
⑤yesterday是时间状语，in the house 是地点状语
状语可以表结果，时间，地点，状态，原因，目的
③red按词性划分是形容词，按句子成分划分就是定语，修饰baskeball
高频考点：副词
如何确定填副词，首先要清楚副词的位置，它的位置一般在：
1）动词，形容词，地点、时间状语前，起强调作用
2）动词后修饰，进一步说明
3）句前句后表示时间，地点
常考的副词有：
表强调: only，even，especially，still，also,always，almost，...
表否定: hardly，never，seldom，...
表频度：always, usually, often，sometimes…
表顺序 ：first, then, next, finally …
表转折：however, yet, though……
用于现在完成时中：already, recently……
用于句后：again，together，instead，soon， anywhere...
难点突破2：“可有可无”的词，多为副词，要考虑更细微的语言或逻辑关系
OPTION 01
“主谓宾”表达各种动作，心理活动和具备的能力
“主系表”表达各种状态
区别标志是否有实义动词
OPTION 02
主谓宾
定状补
OPTION 03
名、动、代、数、形、副、介、冠、连、叹
如何判断词性
判断句子结构
①
判断缺词词性
③
确定缺词的句子成分
②
有没有一种经历：
这个词我想出来了，
100%确定是对的，
结果试卷一发下来，
单词形式错了？
真相只有一个：
你没有注意单词形态！
名词
考虑其单复数形式，是否需要所有格
动词
考虑其时态、语态及搭配
形容词
考虑要不要用比较级或最高级，是否需要变成副词
代词
人称代词主、宾格；物主代词名词性还是形容词性
数词
序数词还是基数词，拼写
最后快速通读全句，检查拼写错误
填入词的合适形态
Drills
1. Many famous people f_____ lots of times before they succeeded.
1.找出判断依据，填succeeded的反义词 2.确定词性 谓语动词 3.词形 v.时态语态主谓一致
2. The doctor looked him over and told him not to e_____ meat and sugar.
3.Tea is the o_____ drink in the world.It has 5000 years of history in China.
at
ailed
1.找出判断依据，填old的意思 2.确定词性 adj. 修饰n. 3. 注意词形 old的最高级，因为in the world
ldest
4. In the USA，headmasters and teachers discipline(惩罚) students in many ways. The teacher often w______ to or calls the students’ parents.
1.找出判断依据calls，填write 2.确定词性 动词 3. 注意词形 or表并列，v.时态语态主谓一致，填write的三单
rites
1.通过meat and sugar来确定eat 2.词组搭配：tell sb to do
Summary
判断缺词词性
填入词的合适形态
③
按汉意结合首字母定单词
②
判断句子结构
确定缺词的句子成分
判断词性
①
1. I like neither winter nor summer in a year.
2. We hear with our ears .
3. Stamps are used for sending letters.
4. The village is too small. You can't find it on the map .
5.May I use your ruler，please？ I want to draw a line.
6. Saturday comes before Sunday .
7. Changsha is the capital of Hunan Province.
8. There is a clock on the wall. It tells 9：30 now.
9.Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.
填名词
填形容词
1. Your trousers are d____ . You must wash them.
2. I have nothing to do today. I'm f_____.
3.The food smells d_______.
irty
ree
elicious
填副词
.
2. Peter has a_______ found out the truth. You needn’t tell a white lie.
1.Watch c_______ , and you will find the difference between the two pictures.
lready
arefully
1.Health is more important to me than money.
名词与动词/形容词的混淆
3. Yuan Longping’s death__ made the whole country sad.
2.If you want to keep healthy ,you should do more exercise.
4. Unluckily,his father died last year, he felt so sad.
形容词与副词的混淆
1.The final_ exams usually take place at the end of June.
3．The boy asked if he could have another piece of cake politely.
2.You need to be a polite man.You should shake hands if you meet others for the first time.
填动词
1. Yesterday he bought a dictionary. It cost him 50 yuan.
2.The sun rises in the east.
3.Collecting stamps is my hobby.
4.They have already chosen Li Ping to be the team captain.
September is the ninth month of the year.
填数词
1. A_____ examining your skills, the next step is research.
2. I listened as she was speaking to her imaginary friend and I'll not forget the words she said t________ it was pretend.
4. Unluckily for James, he didn’t feel well after some time. S___ he went back home alone .
5. I wonder w_____ any of us will ever get our wishes,” said Laurie.
3.Recycling is when you collect old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. B_____in fact it’s very scientific.
连词用来引导一个从句，做引导词。在分析确定填连词后，根据上下文句义，连词就可以确定了。
常考的连词有b开头的but，because，before；u开头的until和unless；wh-的宾语从句的连接词；以及although，though引导的让步状语从句。
fter
hough
ut
o
hether
填
连词
做好单词量的积累
注意积累词组、习惯用法和固定搭配
利用词性帮助判断
注意上下文的联系
5. 注意细心检查
功夫在平时
高频词性的高频词汇
1．The clever boy has the ability to learn English well, but he is very lazy.
2.In 2030 ,we will be able to talk to robots.
3．The expressions on their faces show that they are very happy today.
4. Through Chinese paper cutting,people express their best wishes.
5．In our life, the most valuable thing is time, not money.
6．We didn’t know whether she was dead or alive.
7. Millions of people died because they had no food in Africa.
8. The death of Yuan Longping,Father of Hybrid Rice, made the whole country sad.
9.It’s looks cold but it’s warm inside.
10．In spring, people like to go out to enjoy the warmth of the sun and breathe fresh air.
课后练习题
11．It’s impolite to shout at your parents.
12．It’s important to speak to the old people more politely, using words like “please”, “thank you”.
13．My wife suggeted that we should go to Paris for our honeymoon when we got married.
14．Mr. Feng is helpful, he gave us many suggestions on how to learn English well.
15．I’ve won the first prize and I am proud of myself.
16．Although his father was dead, he was always taking pride in something good he did.
17．English is widely used for business between different countries.
18. The London Mastaba is about 65 feet high,98 feet wide and 130 feet long,and it weighs about 1.3 millions pounds.
19．The cow eats grass. It doesn’t eat meat.
20．The Internet has become part of everyday life.
21．This camera is our new product, so it’s more expensive.
22．I like drinking tea because it can produce a nice smell.
23．Please divide the children into three groups.
24．Our class is divided into three groups by the teacher.
25．Wendy is interested in writing novels and she hopes to become a popular writer in the future.
26.WeChat’s popularity grows quickly because it’s convenient for people to communicate with each other.
27．For your own safety, don’t climb the mountain alone.
28. In a word,the best way to be safe is to be careful.
29．It was raining heavily, so we had no choice but to go back home.
30. Most people choose to take it easy after they retire(退休），such as travelling or taking up a hobby.
31．Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions.
32. I decide to go Beijing by air.
33．If you stay up late at night, you will be sleepy the next day.
34. In general,babies need fifteen to sixteen hours of sleep a day.
35．It’s very moving to see how much strangers care for each other during the big fire.
36. I was deeply moved by the spirit of Lei Feng.
37．Painting the room blue can make us feel relaxed and peaceful.
38.Tom thinks playing basketball is a good way to relax himself.
39．Sam is too heavy, so he is trying to lose weight.
40. An adult elephant can weigh over a ton.
41．In most countries, nodding the head means agreement.
42. Do you agree with me If you do,please nod your head.
43．We have been friends for many years. I hope our friendship will last forever.
44. I have made many friends at the new school so far.
45．Whoever makes mistakes will pay for the price and you are no exception.
46．On a bright warm spring afternoon, we had a picnic beside the river.
47. Besides, as a patient person,I think I will be good with my kids.
48．We all arrived on time except Tom, because he lived far from here.
49．Mr. Smith is very serious so he seldom smiles.
50．I wonder whether he will come to Chengdu or not.首字母填空
概述:首字母填空也称为限制型完形填空。它的特点是将一个句子中其中一词“掏空”，留下该词的首字母，它既作为提示又作为限制，让我们根据句子的意思把单词拼写完整，使整句连贯。它要求考生在充分理解句意的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合句子的需要。
在解题过程中，我们要仔细看前后文提示，选择词义最符合的单词，再确定其词性和词形。
解题方法：找准关键词句，反复推敲，定虚实。
1、按汉意结合首字母定实词（名， 代，动，形, 副）
2、固定短语搭配 （介词，冠词）
3、当主谓宾齐全时，缺词非介即副。(句子内部)
4、词与词，短语与短语，句与句之间的关系，定（连词）
实词 （实义词） 表示完整意的词汇意义 动词v 名词n 形容词 adj 副词adv
动作或状态 人或事物的名称 人或事物的特征，修饰名词 动作的状态或特征，修饰动、形、副、全句
虚词 （功能词） 没有完整的词汇意义，只表示语法意义 助动aux 代pron. 连词conj. 介词prep. 冠词art.
Do,can,must,will等，置于主动词之前 代替名词、数词、形容词 连接单词、词组、分句的逻辑词 用在名词性成分（名词、代词）之前 在名词之前，限定所指范围
数词num. 表示数目（基数词）或顺序（序数词）
感叹词int. oh，hello，hi，yeah等
课后练习题
1．The clever boy has the a_______ to learn English well, but he is very lazy.
2.In 2030 ,we will be a______ to talk to robots.
3．The e__________on their faces show that they are very happy today.
4. Through Chinese paper cutting,people e__________ their best wishes.
5．In our life, the most v__________ thing is time, not money.
6．We didn’t know whether she was d__________ or alive.
7. Millions of people d__________ because they had no food in Africa.
8. The d__________ of Yuan Longping,Father of Hybrid Rice, made the whole country sad.
9.It’s looks cold but it’s w__________ inside.
10．In spring, people like to go out to enjoy the w__________ of the sun and breathe fresh air.
11．It’s i__________to shout at your parents.
12．It’s important to speak to the old people more p__________, using words like “please”, “thank you”.
13．My wife s__________ that we should go to Paris for our honeymoon when we got married.
14．Mr. Feng is helpful, he gave us many s__________ on how to learn English well.
15．I’ve won the first prize and I am p__________ of myself.
16．Although his father was dead, he was always taking p__________in something good he did.
17．English is w__________ used for business between different countries.
18. The London Mastaba is about 65 feet high,98 feet w__________and 130 feet long,and it weighs about 1.3 millions pounds.
19．The cow eats g__________. It doesn’t eat meat.
20．The Internet has become part of e__________life.
21．This camera is our new p__________, so it’s more expensive.
22．I like drinking tea because it can p__________ a nice smell.
23．Please d__________the children into three groups.
24．Our class is d__________ into three groups by the teacher.
25．Wendy is interested in writing novels and she hopes to become a p__________writer in the future.
26.WeChat’s p__________ grows quickly because it’s convenient for people to communicate with each other.
27．For your own s__________, don’t climb the mountain alone.
28. In a word,the best way to be s__________ is to be careful.
29．It was raining heavily, so we had no c__________ but to go back home.
30. Most people c__________ to take it easy after they retire(退休），such as travelling or taking up a hobby.
31．Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own d__________ .
32. I d__________ to go Beijing by air.
33．If you stay up late at night, you will be s__________ the next day.
34. In general,babies need fifteen to sixteen hours of s__________ a day.
35．It’s very m__________ to see how much strangers care for each other during the big fire.
36. I was deeply m__________ by the spirit of Lei Feng.
37．Painting the room blue can make us feel r__________ and peaceful.
38.Tom thinks playing basketball is a good way to r__________ himself.
39．Sam is too heavy, so he is trying to lose w__________ .
40. An adult elephant can w__________ over a ton.
41．In most countries, nodding the head means a__________ .
42. Do you a__________ with me If you do,please nod your head.
43．We have been friends for many years. I hope our f__________ will last forever.
44. I have made many f__________ at the new school so far.
45．W__________ makes mistakes will pay for the price and you are no exception.
46．On a bright warm spring afternoon, we had a picnic b__________ the river.
47. B__________, as a patient person,I think I will be good with my kids.
48．We all arrived on time e__________ Tom, because he lived far from here.
49．Mr. Smith is very serious so he s__________smiles.
50．I wonder w__________he will come to Chengdu or not.
