【精品解析】广东省深圳市第二高级中学深汕实验学校2024-2025学年高二上学期第二学段考试英语试卷

广东省深圳市第二高级中学深汕实验学校2024-2025学年高二上学期第二学段考试英语试卷
一、从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．（2025高二上·深圳期末） Parents put the books on the bottom shelf so they are readily ____ to their kids.
A．distant B．accessible C．considerate D．objective
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的词义辨析；accessible
【解析】【分析】句意：父母把书放在底层的架子上，这样孩子们就很容易拿得到。A. distant"遥远的"；B. accessible"可得到的，易接近的"；C. considerate"考虑周到的，体谅的，体贴的"；D. objective"客观的"。根据"Parents put the books on the bottom shelf"可知，书放在底层的架子上是为了让孩子容易拿到。be accessible to固定短语，"为…… 能够接近的"。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分distant；accessible；considerate和objective的含义以及固定短语be accessible to。
2．（2025高二上·深圳期末）The successful soft landing of Chang'e-3 lunar probe can be a strong ________ for Chinese setting foot on the moon.
A．restriction B．motivation C．occupation D．cooperation
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析；motivation
【解析】【分析】句意：嫦娥三号月球探测器的成功软着陆能够成为中国人踏上月球的强大动力。A.restriction限制，约束；B.motivation动力，激励；C.occupation职业，占领，占据；D.cooperation合作。根据句意，嫦娥三号的成功软着陆显然不会是对中国人踏上月球的一种限制，而是起到积极推动的作用。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
3．（2025高二上·深圳期末）They have made it a rule ________in the room.
A．not to smoke B．smoking C．to not smoke D．not smoking
【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他们制定了一个规则，禁止在房间里吸烟。 A. not to smoke不要吸烟（不定式否定式）;B. smoking吸烟（动名词/现在分词）；C. to not smoke形式错误；D. not smoking不吸烟（动名词否定式）。本句谓语为have made，此处为非谓语动词，it为形式宾语，空处应用不定式to smoke，作真正的宾语，且否定形式为not to smoke。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式）。注意：首先，需要识别出句子中it作为形式宾语的结构。这种结构的典型特征是"动词+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语/动名词短语/从句"。其中，it作为形式宾语，代替后面的真正宾语（不定式短语、动名词短语或从句），使句子结构更加平衡。分析这个真正宾语的内容，理解其含义和作用。it前面的动词往往是表示"认为"、"发现"等意义的动词，如think, find, make, consider等。将每个选项与句子中的真正宾语进行对比，看哪个选项能够最好地表达或替代真正宾语的内容。同时，注意选项中的动词、形容词或名词是否与句子中的其他部分相匹配。
4．（2025高二上·深圳期末）To be honest, I prefer ________ books ________ TV when I am free.
A．reading; to watching B．to read; to watching
C．reading; rather than watch D．to read; rather than watching
【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语；动名词；reading
【解析】【分析】句意：老实说，当我有空的时候，我更喜欢看书而不是看电视。reading阅读，动名词或者现在分词；to read阅读，动词不定式；to watching形式错误；rather than watch形式错误；rather than watching而不是看。固定短语prefer doing to doing"宁愿做……，也不愿做……"，prefer to do rather than do"宁愿做……而不愿做……"。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）以及固定短语prefer doing to doing。注意：掌握动名词解题技巧需从三个维度切入：功能识别、结构分析和语境匹配。首先，当动词出现在介词后（如"by practicing"）或特定动词后（如"enjoy swimming"）时，优先考虑动名词形式。其次，注意动名词具有动词+名词的双重特性——若空格后接宾语（如"reading books"）或需要表达持续性动作（如"I avoid eating late"），则动名词更合适。最后，结合语境判断动作是否已发生或具有泛指意义，比如"Remember locking the door"强调动作完成，而"Remember to lock"则指未来动作。典型干扰项常混淆动名词与不定式，需牢记常见接动名词的动词：mind（介意）、admit（承认）、delay（推迟）等，并通过"是否表达习惯性/已完成动作"来排除错误选项。练习时可制作高频动词搭配表，重点区分如"stop to do"（停下做另一事）与"stop doing"（停止当前行为）等易混结构。
5．（2025高二上·深圳期末） Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without being ____by messages from other people.
A．disheartened B．occupied C．distracted D．tempted
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；distracted
【解析】【分析】句意：在没有手机的情况下，我们进行了两个多小时的正常交谈，没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。A. disheartened沮丧的；B. occupied忙于……的；C. distracted分心的；D. tempted被引诱 (而想做) 的。根据"Without our phones在没有手机的情况下"，可知我们交谈时不会被其他人的信息分散注意力，故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析。熟知选项中单词的词义。
6．（2025高二上·深圳期末）She is very dear to us. We are determined to do ________ it takes to save her life.
A．whichever B．no matter which
C．whatever D．no matter what
【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词；whatever
【解析】【分析】句意：她对我们来说非常珍贵。我们决心做任何能挽救她生命的事情。A：whichever"无论哪一个（些）"；B：no matter which"无论哪一个（些）"；C：whatever"无论什么"；D：no matter what"无论什么"。 it takes to save her life 是宾语从句，应表达"无论什么"，应用whatever，作do的宾语，引导宾语从句。no matter what引导让步状语从句，不能引导宾语从句，故选C。
【点评】名词性从句，本题涉及whatever引导的宾语从句。
7．（2025高二上·深圳期末）—I have been considering canceling the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it's too early to ________now. There's still much hope.
A．pave the way B．throw in the towel
C．have a say D．take any chances
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；throw in the towel
【解析】【分析】句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再做下去了。——但是现在认输还为时过早。还有很大的希望。A. pave the way为……做准备；B. throw in the towel认输；C. have a say有发言权；D. take any chances抓住任何机会。根据"There's still much hope."可知，空处表示"现在认输为时过早"。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意： 1. 将短语放在具体的句子或段落语境中去理解其含义。因为同一个短语在不同的语境中可能有不同的侧重点或引申义。2. 通过阅读大量的例句，可以更直观地感受动词短语在不同语境中的用法和含义。可以从教材、语法书、英语文章等渠道收集例句。 3. 在学习完一个动词短语后，尝试自己用该短语造句，这样可以加深对短语的理解和记忆，同时也能提高运用能力。
8．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Don't worry. You've left your mother ________. This hospital has the best nursing team in the city.
A．out of control B．in good hands
C．behind the wheel D．against all odds
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：别担心。你把你母亲托付给了很好的人。这家医院有本市最好的护理团队。A. out of control失去控制；B. in good hands得到很好的照顾；C. behind the wheel掌舵；主管； 控制；D. against all odds不顾一切。根据"This hospital has the best nursing team in the city."可知，将母亲托付给可靠的人，会得到很好的照顾。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。注意：明确每个介词短语的基本含义和常见用法，仔细阅读题干和选项，根据语境和常识进行判断。有些介词在含义和用法上非常接近，但仍有细微差别。在解答选择题时，要注意这些细微差别，避免混淆。
9．（2025高二上·深圳期末）We eventually found the professor's house, only that he had gone to his daughter's home.
A．being told B．to be told C．to tell D．telling
【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们终于找到了教授的家，却被告知他去了他女儿家。 A. being told正在被告知（动名词/现在分词的被动形式）；B. to be told将要被告知（不定式的被动形式）；C. to tell将要告诉（不定式的主动形式）；D. telling告诉（动名词/现在分词的主动形式）。分析句子语境可知，此处应用不定式和only连用表示出乎预料的结果，动词tell和主语之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式）。注意：1. 确定主句和从句：在含有动词不定式作结果状语的句子中，主句通常描述一个动作或情况，而动词不定式短语则描述该动作或情况所产生的结果。2.
判断逻辑关系：分析主句和动词不定式短语之间的逻辑关系，确认它们是否表示因果关系，即主句的动作或情况是否导致了动词不定式短语所描述的结果。3. 理解语境：根据句子的上下文，理解动词不定式短语所描述的结果是否符合语境和逻辑。4. 判断语义色彩：动词不定式作结果状语时，有时可以表示出乎意料的结果（通常与only to...连用），有时则表示意料之中的结果（通常与so...that...或too...to...连用）。需要根据具体语境判断其语义色彩。
10．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Rarely __________ live up to expectations.
A．local matches don't B．local matches do
C．don't local matches D．do local matches
【答案】D
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：地方比赛很少能达到人们的期望。 A. local matches don't本地比赛不（否定陈述句）；B. local matches do本地比赛确实（肯定陈述句+强调）；C. don't local matches本地比赛不（错误语序，应为疑问句）；D. do local matches本地比赛确实（错误语序，应为疑问句或强调句）。否定副词rarely，置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，部分倒装就是把助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前面，本句为一般现在时，主语是复数，助动词用do。故选D。【点评】考查倒装句。注意：在解答倒装句相关的题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意思。识别倒装，判断句子是否为倒装句，并确定其类型（全部倒装或部分倒装）。分析成分，识别句子的主语和谓语，特别是谓语的位置和形式。应用规则，根据语法规则判断选项的正确性，特别是时态、主谓一致和固定句型的应用。选择答案，在理解句子结构和应用语法规则的基础上，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
11．（2025高二上·深圳期末）There is no denying that ________ to dirty air for a long time will bring damage to our health
A．being exposed B．be exposed C．exposed D．exposing
【答案】A
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：不可否认，长时间暴露在污浊的空气中会损害我们的健康。 A. being exposed正在被暴露（动名词/现在分词的被动形式）；B. be exposed被暴露（动词原形被动式）；C. exposed暴露的（过去分词/被动式）；D. exposing暴露（动名词/现在分词的主动形式）。There is no denying that..."不可否认……"为固定句型；表"暴露于，暴露在"用be exposed to，空处在that引导的从句中作主语，故用其动名词being exposed to。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）。注意：1.理解动名词的句法功能。动名词在句子中可以担任多种成分，理解其句法功能是解题的关键。作主语：动名词短语可以作句子的主语，此时谓语通常用单数形式。例如：Reading is a good habit.（阅读是一个好习惯。）作宾语：许多动词和介词后面都可以接动名词作宾语。如：I enjoy playing basketball.（我喜欢打篮球。）常见的能接动名词作宾语的动词有admit、appreciate、avoid、advise等。作表语：动名词可以作连系动词的表语，说明主语的内容、性质或特征。如：My hobby is collecting stamps.（我的爱好是集邮。）作定语：动名词可以作前置定语或后置定语，修饰名词。如：a sleeping car（卧车），a car parked in front of the gate（停在大门前的一辆汽车）。2. 分析句子结构和语境。在解题时，要仔细分析句子的结构和语境，确定动名词在句子中的具体作用和含义。注意区分动名词与现在分词的区别，特别是在作状语时，要判断其是表示主动还是被动、进行还是完成等意义。3.注意动名词的否定和语态形式。动名词的否定形式是在其前加not、never等否定词；当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的对象或承受者时，动名词要用被动语态形式。例如：I don't like being laughed at.（我不喜欢被嘲笑。）
12．（2025高二上·深圳期末）We felt upset when we were ________ of the change in the camping plan.
A．informed B．convinced C．composed D．approved
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；informed
【解析】【分析】句意：当得知露营计划改变时，我们感到失望。A. informed告知；B. convinced说服；C. composed构成；D. approved赞成。根据"of the change in the camping plan"可知，我们被告知露营计划改变。故选A。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
13．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Finally, the river cleaners' hard work ________ and now the Shenzhen River is cleaner than ever.
A．fell behind B．carried on C．turned down D．paid off
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：最终，河流清洁工的努力取得成功，现在深圳河比以往任何时候都更干净。A. fell behind落后；B. carried on继续；C. turned down拒绝；D. paid off取得成功。结合now the Shenzhen River is cleaner than ever可知，空格处应表达"取得成功"，故用paid off。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
14．（2025高二上·深圳期末）He stole some money from the shop so he deserved ________.
A．being punished B．punishing C．to punish D．be punished
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；动名词；punish
【解析】【分析】句意：他从商店偷了一些钱，所以他应该受到惩罚。 A. being punished正在被惩罚（动名词被动形式）；B. punishing惩罚（动名词主动形式/现在分词）；C. to punish惩罚（不定式主动形式）；D. be punished被惩罚（动词原形被动形式）。deserve doing=deserve to be done"值得做； 值得被做"，动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）。注意：1. deserve + doing（主动表被动）： Your joke deserves laughing at.（你的笑话该被嘲笑。）2. deserve + to do（需分主被动）：主动：She deserves to get a promotion. 被动：He deserves to be arrested.
15．（2025高二上·深圳期末）It is requested that you ________ them a lecture on the subject.
A．will give B．gave C．give D．have given
【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用；虚拟语气；give
【解析】【分析】句意：他们要求你就这个问题给他们作一次报告。 A. will give将要给（一般将来时）；B. gave给了（一般过去时）；C. give给（动词原形/一般现在时）；D. have given已经给了（现在完成时）。request意为"要求"，it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，从句中的谓语动词用"should+动词原形"，其中should可省略。故选C。【点评】考查虚拟语气。注意：主句含 request, suggest, demand, insist 等词时，从句动词用原形。
二、A
（2025高二上·深圳期末）With the development of technology, there is the wide use of AI in many aspects of our lives. The Library for the Performing Arts invites you to an afternoon discussion next Thursday. In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate (贬低) AI — instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement.
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Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request. Please submit your request at least two weeks in advance by emailing us at accessibility@nypl.org.
Audio and Video Recording
Programs may be photographed and recorded by the Library for the Performing Arts. If you would prefer your image not to be photographed, please let us know and we can seat you accordingly. Please note that all recordings, including professional video recordings, are not allowed during the discussion.
16．What's the purpose of the discussion
A．To promote the application of AI.
B．To appreciate the development of AI.
C．To explore the influence of AI on theatre.
D．To compare theatre performances with and without AI.
17．What's the best way to attend if you miss sign-up
A．Check in early to reserve a seat.
B．Register at least a week in advance to secure a seat.
C．Wait in the standby line and hope for available seats.
D．Arrive five minutes before the program starts to get a seat.
18．What can people do if they attend the discussion
A．Request the real-time caption.
B．Reserve a seat for someone else.
C．Capture photos during the event.
D．Stream the discussion in real time.
【答案】16．C
17．C
18．A
【知识点】细节理解题；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一家图书馆举办的有关人工智能对戏剧的影响的讨论活动。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段"In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate (贬低) AI — instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement. (在讨论中，我们希望既不推崇也不诋毁人工智能——相反，讲座将允许听众就人工智能在技术进步的关键阶段对戏剧的潜在影响进行公开讨论)"可知，这场讨论的目的是探讨人工智能对戏剧的影响。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据Standby Line部分"If registration has ended, do not worry! We welcome you to the library regardless of registration status and you can wait in our standby line. Five minutes before the program starts, all remaining seats are released to attendees in the standby line. (如果报名已经结束，不用担心！无论你的报名状态如何，我们都欢迎你来图书馆，你可以在我们的候补队伍等候。在活动开始前五分钟，所有剩余的座位将被发放给排队等候的与会者)"可知，如果你错过了报名，最好的方式是排队等候，希望有空位。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据Assistive Listening and Interpretation部分"Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request. (可应要求提供英语翻译和实时说明文字)"可知，如果参加讨论，人们可以请求提供实时说明文字。故选A。
三、B
（2025高二上·深圳期末）When people ask about my experience of learning Cantonese, I recount a journey driven by unending curiosity and a strong desire to connect with a dynamic culture.
Growing up in a Russian family, my fascination with languages grew thanks to my father, a language expert. It's during a cultural appreciation class in junior high that I was first introduced to the world of Hong Kong films, famous for their characteristic action-packed dramas and storytelling styles. However, what really amazed me was the uniqueness of the language, Cantonese, which sparked a urgent need within me to explore it and the rich culture behind. This marked the beginning of a thrilling linguistic journey.
Learning Cantonese posed challenges, such as unfamiliar characters, complex tones, and different grammar structures, yet I persevered. Immersed in textbooks and available online courses, I practiced the tones everyday until my pronunciation flowed naturally. Cantonese dramas and music also played a role in familiarizing me with its rhythm.
To truly grasp the essence of Cantonese, I knew that studying alone wasn't enough — I needed firsthand experience. So, I took a gap year to pack my bags for Hong Kong, a city featuring the lively heartbeat of Cantonese culture. Buried in its busy streets and daily conversations, from casual chats to food ordering, I found myself enveloped in a linguistic wonderland. Within a few months, my Cantonese proficiency flourished, fueling a surge of confidence.
My explorations extended beyond the streets. I enrolled in formal language classes that offered professional guidance. Through hard work, I successfully completed all the courses in Cantonese Linguistics. From then on, I've been passionately committed to spreading the Cantonese culture, ensuring its richness reaches a wider audience.
Today, I continue my Cantonese voyage with unflagging enthusiasm. It has transformed into more than just a linguistic pursuit; it grants me a passport to sincere connections, profound insights, and heartfelt admiration for its one-of-a-kind culture.
19．What motivated the author to start his linguistic journey
A．His father's intentional arrangement.
B．His teacher's positive encouragement.
C．His strong interest in Chinese movies.
D．His great passion for cultural exploration.
20．Why did the author head to Hong Kong during the gap year
A．To participate in a language workshop.
B．To take a bite of the diverse local food.
C．To fully comprehend the spirit of Cantonese.
D．To stay well informed about studying abroad.
21．Which best describes the author's learning process of Cantonese
A．Demanding but strategic. B．Effortless and enjoyable.
C．Challenging but creative. D．Adventurous and eventful.
22．What message does the text mainly convey
A．Education is the passport to the future.
B．Language is the road map of a culture.
C．Opportunity favors the prepared mind.
D．Success belongs to those with curiosity.
【答案】19．D
20．C
21．A
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习粤语的经历，这是一段充满好奇心和强烈渴望融入充满活力的文化的旅程，粤语的独特性激发了作者探索这门语言及其背后丰富文化的渴望，他采用了各种方法来学习粤语，还前往香港让自己沉浸在粤语的语言环境中，如今他依旧饱有热情地探索着粤语及其文化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段"However, what really amazed me was the uniqueness of the language, Cantonese, which sparked a urgent need within me to explore it and the rich culture behind. This marked the beginning of a thrilling linguistic journey. (然而，真正让我惊讶的是粤语的独特性，这激发了我对探索它及其背后丰富文化的迫切需求。这标志着一段激动人心的语言之旅的开始)"可知，促使作者开始他的语言之旅的是他对粤语文化探索的极大热情。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据第四段"To truly grasp the essence of Cantonese, I knew that studying alone wasn't enough — I needed firsthand experience. So, I took a gap year to pack my bags for Hong Kong, a city featuring the lively heartbeat of Cantonese culture. (要真正掌握粤语的精髓，我知道光靠学习是不够的，我需要亲身体验。因此，我花了一年的时间收拾行李，前往香港，一个以粤语文化的活力中心为特色的城市)"可知，作者在间隔年期间前往香港是为了充分体会粤语的精髓。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据第三段"Learning Cantonese posed challenges, such as unfamiliar characters, complex tones, and different grammar structures, yet I persevered. (学习粤语有很多挑战，比如不熟悉的汉字、复杂的声调和不同的语法结构，但我坚持了下来)"可知，作者学习粤语的过程中面临很多挑战，因此这个过程是费力的。再结合第三段中"Immersed in textbooks and available online courses, I practiced the tones everyday until my pronunciation flowed naturally. Cantonese dramas and music also played a role in familiarizing me with its rhythm. (沉浸在课本和在线课程中，我每天练习音调，直到我的发音自然流畅。粤语剧和音乐也让我熟悉了粤语的节奏)"、第四段中"Buried in its busy streets and daily conversations, from casual chats to food ordering, I found myself enveloped in a linguistic wonderland. (沉浸在繁忙的街道和日常对话中，从闲聊到点餐，我发现自己被笼罩在一个语言仙境中)"和第五段中"My explorations extended beyond the streets. I enrolled in formal language classes that offered professional guidance. (我的探索超越了街道。我参加了提供专业指导的正式语言课程)"可知，作者通过各种手段和媒介来学习粤语，包括课本、在线课程、影视剧、音乐、真实的语言环境、正式的语言课程，因此这个过程也是有策略的。故选A。
22．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"It has transformed into more than just a linguistic pursuit; it grants me a passport to sincere connections, profound insights, and heartfelt admiration for its one-of-a-kind culture. (它已经不仅仅是一种语言追求；它给了我真诚的联系、深刻的见解和对其独特文化的由衷钦佩的通行证)"可知，文章主要围绕作者学习粤语的经历展开，粤语的独特性激发了作者探索这门语言及其背后丰富文化的渴望，他采用了各种方法来学习粤语，还前往香港让自己沉浸在粤语的语言环境中，如今他依旧饱有热情地探索着粤语及其文化，这段旅程充满好奇心和融入充满活力的文化的强烈渴望。由此可知，语言和文化贯穿了作者的这份经历，文章主要想表达语言是一种文化的路线图，帮助作者了解其背后的文化。故选B。
四、C
（2025高二上·深圳期末）Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. "But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions," says Sonja Sudimac.
To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature triggers beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.
"The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress," explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.
The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain.
In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.
23．What does Sonja Sudimac mean when she talks about the hen-and-egg problem
A．Living in rural areas can influence brain activity.
B．People living in cities are more likely to have mental health problems.
C．The relationship between stress and health does not need to be examined.
D．It is hard to determine the effect of living environment on mental well-being.
24．How did the researchers gather evidence for the study
A．By citing experts' opinions.
B．By studying an existing theory.
C．By interviewing healthy participants.
D．By comparing the amygdala activity of volunteers.
25．What does Simone Kühn's explanation challenge about urban environments
A．The idea that cities are naturally stressful.
B．The belief that city living benefits brain health.
C．The claim that rural living reduces brain activity.
D．The notion that a one-hour walk greatly changes brain activity.
26．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The focus of the follow-up research.
B．The benefits of spending time in natural environments.
C．The ongoing research on the effects of urban life on stress.
D．The importance of nature in reducing stress for mothers and babies.
【答案】23．D
24．D
25．A
26．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是城市与自然环境对人类大脑及心理健康的不同影响，特别是通过实验对比揭示了自然环境能有效降低大脑杏仁核的活动，减轻压力，为预防心理疾病提供了新思路。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和段落大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段""But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions," says Sonja Sudimac.(Sonja Sudimac说："但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有解决，也就是说，究竟是大自然真的造成了大脑的影响，还是特定的个体选择住在农村还是城市地区。")"可知，当Sonja Sudimac谈到母鸡和蛋的问题时，意思是说很难确定生活环境对心理健康的影响。故选D。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段"To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin.(为了获得因果关系的证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后，检查了与压力处理有关的大脑区域的活动。)"可推知，研究人员是通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据的。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段"Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress," explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.(有趣的是，在城市中行走后，这些区域的大脑活动保持稳定，没有增加，这反驳了人们普遍认为的城市暴露会导致额外压力的观点，"该团队的负责人Simone Kühn解释道。)"可知，Simone Kühn的解释对城市自然就充满压力这个观点提出了挑战。故选A。
26．段落大意题。根据最后一段"In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.(为了调查大自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境中散步一小时与在城市环境中散步一小时如何影响母亲和婴儿的压力。)"可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选A。
五、D
（2025高二上·深圳期末）In the quiet backwaters of Yunnan, Dong Meihua — known as Dianxi Xiaoge — has done something remarkable: She's taken the poetic simplicity of rural China and made it irresistible to millions. In her hands, a village kitchen becomes a stage, and the rhythms of farm life become a story as appealing as any novel. Xiaoge is redefining through social media how the countryside is perceived.
The Chinese term for this social media phenomenon is "new farmer". This generalizes the rise of rural celebrities who use platforms like Douyin or Weibo to document and commercialize their way of life. Sister Yu: with over 23 million followers, she showcases the rural charm of northeast China as she pickles (腌制) vegetables and cooks hearty meals. Or Peng Chuanming: a farmer in Fujian whose videos on crafting traditional teas have captivated millions.
Since 2016, the number of rural influencers has been increasing in once-forgotten villages. What began as simple documentation has evolved into a phenomenon commanding enormous audiences, fueled not just by nostalgia (怀旧) but economic necessity. In China's megacities, where the air is thick with pollution, there's clearly a hunger for something real and natural. And rural influencers serve slices of a life many thought lost to China's rapid development. Besides, China's post-COVID-19 economic downturn, marked by soaring youth unemployment and decreasing urban opportunities, has driven some to seek livelihoods in the countryside.
As with all formulas, there's a trap to the new farmer movement. The more popular rural influencers become, the more pressure they face to perform "authenticity". Or put another way: The more real it looks, the less real it might actually be. Yet, for the potential trap, the new farmer trend is a chance to challenge the urban-centered mode that has dominated China's development for decades and rethink whether progress always means high-rises and highways, or if there's value in preserving ways of life that have sustained communities for centuries.
27．What remarkable thing has Dong Meihua done
A．She has written a novel about rural life.
B．She has launched a new trend of poetic simplicity.
C．She has transformed a village kitchen into a grand stage.
D．She has had rural life well-received through social media.
28．What is a shared feature of the three rural celebrities
A．They attract millions of followers.
B．They display suburban attraction.
C．They prioritize commercial gain.
D．They choose only one shooting platform.
29．What factor has contributed to the rise of rural influencers since 2016
A．The urgent demand for natural resources.
B．The dramatic decline in youth unemployment.
C．The intense longing for something in the past.
D．The less environmental pollution in mega-cities.
30．What does the author imply in Paragraph 4 about the new farmer trend
A．It emphasizes authenticity in rural life.
B．It only serves to imitate urban lifestyles.
C．It aims to replace the current mode of community life.
D．It challenges the city-centered pattern of development.
【答案】27．D
28．A
29．C
30．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章探讨了中国农村网红现象的兴起及其对城市中心发展模式的挑战，强调了农村生活方式在现代社会中的吸引力和价值。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段"She's taken the poetic simplicity of rural China and made it irresistible to millions. In her hands, a village kitchen becomes a stage, and the rhythms of farm life become a story as appealing as any novel. Xiaoge is redefining through social media how the countryside is perceived. (她把中国农村的诗意简单之美呈现出来，使其对数百万人具有无法抗拒的魅力。在她手中，一个村庄厨房变成了舞台，农场生活的节奏变成了一个像小说一样吸引人的故事。小歌通过社交媒体重新定义了人们对乡村的看法。)"可知，董美华通过社交媒体让农村生活变得对数百万人具有吸引力。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段"She's taken the poetic simplicity of rural China and made it irresistible to millions. (她把中国农村的诗意简单之美呈现出来，使其对数百万人具有无法抗拒的魅力。)"以及第二段"Sister Yu: with over 23 million followers, she showcases the rural charm of northeast China as she pickles (腌制) vegetables and cooks hearty meals. Or Peng Chuanming: a farmer in Fujian whose videos on crafting traditional teas have captivated millions. (余姐：拥有超过2300万粉丝，她通过腌制蔬菜和烹饪丰盛的饭菜展示中国东北的乡村魅力。还有彭川明：一位来自福建的农民，他的制作传统茶叶的视频吸引了数百万人。)"可知，文中提到的三位农村网红董美华、余姐和彭川明都吸引了数百万的粉丝。因此，他们的共同特点是吸引了数百万的粉丝。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段"What began as simple documentation has evolved into a phenomenon commanding enormous audiences, fueled not just by nostalgia (怀旧) but economic necessity. In China's megacities, where the air is thick with pollution, there's clearly a hunger for something real and natural. And rural influencers serve slices of a life many thought lost to China's rapid development. (最初只是简单的记录，现在已经演变成一种现象，吸引了庞大的观众群体，这不仅仅是由于怀旧，还有经济的必要性。在中国的大城市，空气污染严重，人们显然渴望真实和自然的东西。而农村网红则提供了一种许多人认为在中国快速发展中已经失去的生活片段。)"可知，农村网红的兴起不仅仅是因为怀旧，还有经济的必要性。在空气污染严重的中国大城市，人们对真实和自然的生活方式有着强烈的渴望，能让人们想起过去的美好生活，故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段"Yet, for the potential trap, the new farmer trend is a chance to challenge the urban-centered mode that has dominated China's development for decades and rethink whether progress always means high-rises and highways, or if there's value in preserving ways of life that have sustained communities for centuries. (然而，尽管存在潜在的陷阱，新农民趋势仍是一个挑战几十年来主导中国发展的城市中心模式的机会，促使人们重新思考进步是否总是意味着高楼大厦和高速公路，或者是否还有价值去保留那些支撑社区数世纪的生活方式。)"可知，新农民趋势是对过去几十年以城市为中心的发展模式的挑战，故选D。
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
31．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Imagine you buy a new shirt and do not intend to buy a new jacket. You were perfectly happy with it until you wore it with the new shirt. However, you imagine that the new shirt makes the old jacket look worn. Then you can't help buy a new jacket or even more to better fit the shirt. 　 　The simplest description of it is the scenario of buying something new and replacing our old possessions with items to match the new one, even if that means an empty bank account. 　 　
Become aware it is happening. Observe when you are being drawn into consumption not because you are in actual need of an item, but only because something new has been introduced.
　 　 A store may be having a great sale on a new outfit—but if the new outfit forces you to buy a new pair of shoes or handbag to match, it just became a more expensive purchase than originally assumed.
Avoid unnecessary new purchases. Realize the Diderot Effect is a significant force and overcoming it is very difficult. You may avoid replacing those end tables at first, but eventually, at some point down the road, you are going to break down and buy new ones that better match the new couch. 　 　 But the best way to overcome the Diderot Effect is to never allow it to overpower you in the first place.
Remind yourself that possessions do not define you.　 　 Your possessions do not define you or your success—no matter what marketers will try to tell you.
A. Analyze and predict the full cost of future purchases.
B. Buy things for their usefulness rather than their status.
C. We actually can employ this mind trick in the following ways.
D. The true abundance of life is not found in the things that you own.
E. Then how can we resist this pattern of unnecessary consumerism
F. The phenomenon can be owed to the so-called "Diderot Effect".
G. There are times when we have a proper need to buy new things, admittedly.
【答案】F；E；A；G；D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了"狄德罗效应"这一消费现象，即购买新物品后为搭配新物品而不断购买更多物品，并提出了应对这一效应的方法，包括意识到其发生、分析预测未来购买的全部成本、避免不必要的购买以及提醒自己物品不能定义自己。
（1）根据空前"Imagine you buy a new shirt and do not intend to buy a new jacket. You were perfectly happy with it until you wore it with the new shirt. However, you imagine that the new shirt makes the old jacket look worn. Then you can't help buy a new jacket or even more to better fit the shirt."假设你买了一件新衬衫，但不打算买一件新夹克。你本来对它很满意，直到你把它和新衬衫一起穿。然而，你想象新衬衫使旧夹克看起来很破旧。然后你会忍不住买一件新夹克，甚至更多的衣服来更好地搭配这件衬衫。可知，此处应总结上文的现象叫什么。 F. The phenomenon can be owed to the so-called "Diderot Effect". "这种现象可以归因于所谓的'德罗效应'。"承接上文，符合语境。
（2）根据空前"The simplest description of it is the scenario of buying something new and replacing our old possessions with items to match the new one, even if that means an empty bank account."最简单的描述就是买新东西，用新东西替换旧东西，即使这意味着银行账户空了。 E. Then how can we resist this pattern of unnecessary consumerism "那么我们如何抵制这种不必要的消费主义模式呢 "承接上文，总起下文的各个标题。符合语境，故选E。
（3）根据空后"A store may be having a great sale on a new outfit—but if the new outfit forces you to buy a new pair of shoes or handbag to match, it just became a more expensive purchase than originally assumed."一家商店的一套新衣服可能正在大减价，但如果这套新衣服迫使你去买一双新鞋或一个新手袋来搭配，那么它的购买成本就会比原先想象的要高。可知，本段主要在说要考虑采购的全部成本。 A. Analyze and predict the full cost of future purchases. "分析和预测未来采购的全部成本。"适合作本段的标题。故选A。
（4）根据空前"You may avoid replacing those end tables at first, but eventually, at some point down the road, you are going to break down and buy new ones that better match the new couch."一开始你可能会避免更换那些茶几，但最终，在这条路上的某个时刻，你会让步，买一个更适合新沙发的新桌子；以及空后"But the best way to overcome the Diderot Effect is to never allow it to overpower you in the first place."但克服狄德罗效应的最好方法是，从一开始就不要让它压倒你。可知，此处应说明需要买新东西的必然性且与下文为转折关系。G. There are times when we have a proper need to buy new things, admittedly."不可否认，有时候我们确实需要买新东西。"承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
（5）根据空前"Remind yourself that possessions do not define you."提醒自己，财产并不能定义你。可知，此处应进一步说明且与下文为并列关系。上下文话题一致。 D. The true abundance of life is not found in the things that you own. "生活的真正丰富不在于你拥有的东西。"承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2025高二上·深圳期末）It is getting hot. It's time to put on 32． clothes and open up the windows. Yesterday brought a(n) 33． visit to the kitchen during the brief time we were out. Two daring sparrows (麻雀) had 34． into a dangerous territory — our kitchen.
When you come across such sudden callers, you are 35． to sense it as an action of intruding (入侵) into your comfort zone, or you might 36． it as a lovely shining moment of life. We 37． — the second option, with no hesitation. After all, we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day.
We can't stop 38． and celebrating their dance from our window. We fed them with the 39． on our tablecloth after every meal. And we have 40． them with every kind of bases and stands on our terrace (露台).
41． , they feel at ease in our backyard. And that has led them to 42． courage to slip into our house. Perhaps because they have the feeling that we don't consider them 43． , but friendly neighbors, who only leave some wastes from time to time.
The presence of our dear sparrow holds magical consistency with real life. And we've been having lovely sparrows coming over lately, whose presence draws us out of our dull daily routines and 44． the hidden beauty and charm.
Like different human beings, these sparrows often take different forms. We've met sparrows like those, of all shapes and colors. And they're everywhere. Perhaps all of them are willing to draw our 45． making us know they are there. They only ask from us not to be afraid of them or feel uneasy to their 46． .
32．A．tighter B．lighter C．bigger D．cleaner
33．A．unstoppable B．uncomfortable C．unexpected D．unfortunate
34．A．slipped B．walked C．advanced D．spread
35．A．proud B．safe C．afraid D．likely
36．A．keep B．watch C．accept D．collect
37．A．chose B．hit C．bit D．rose
38．A．designing B．observing C．managing D．preparing
39．A．vegetables B．fruits C．goods D．leftovers
40．A．provided B．equipped C．comforted D．satisfied
41．A．Repeatedly B．Surprisingly C．Undoubtedly D．Traditionally
42．A．lose B．seek C．give D．gather
43．A．invaders B．strangers C．instructors D．friends
44．A．drops out B．brings out C．carries out D．turns out
45．A．agreement B．attention C．acceptance D．expression
46．A．impression B．expression C．existence D．difference
【答案】32．B；33．C；34．A；35．D；36．C；37．A；38．B；39．D；40．A；41．C；42．D；43．A；44．B；45．B；46．C
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在外出的短暂期间，两只胆大的麻雀溜进了家里的厨房，而后与麻雀结下了深厚友谊的故事，告诉人们应该放松去享受生活中这样平静又美好的瞬间。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
32．句意：是穿上轻薄的衣服和打开窗户的时候了。A. tighter更紧的；B. lighter更轻的；C. bigger更大的；D. cleaner更干净的。根据前文的"It is getting hot. "可知，天气变热了，人们要穿轻薄的衣服了，故选B。
33．句意：昨天在我们外出的短暂时间里，厨房来了意外的客人。A. unstoppable无法停止的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unexpected意外的；D. unfortunate不幸的。根据下文的"When you come across such sudden callers"可知，这两只麻雀突然到访作者家，这是意外的事情，故选C。
34．句意：两只大胆的麻雀溜进了一个危险的地方——我们的厨房。A. slipped溜进；B. walked步行；C. advanced进步；D. spread传播。根据下文的"slip into our house"可知，这两只麻雀在作者外出的短暂时间里悄悄地进入了厨房， slip是同词复现，故选A。
35．句意：当你遇到这样突然的来访者，你可能会觉得这是一种侵入你舒适区的行为，或者你可能会接受它，把它看作为生命中一个可爱的闪亮时刻。A. proud骄傲的；B. safe安全的；C. afraid害怕的；D. likely可能的。根据下文的"After all, we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day.(毕竟，我们每天都在迫切地加强与麻雀的关系)"再由or表示选择关系可知，第一种选择指的便是"不接受麻雀的来访为美好的时刻"，即你可能觉得麻雀的来访是一种侵入你的安全区的行为，故选D。
36．句意：当你遇到这样突然的来访者，你可能会觉得这是一种侵入你舒适区的行为，或者你可能会接受它，把它看作为生命中一个可爱的闪亮时刻。A. keep保持；B. watch观看；C. accept接受；D. collect收集。根据上文的"intruding (入侵) into your comfort zone"和or可知，此处与上文形成对比，即接受它，把它看成是美好的时刻。故选C。
37．句意：我们毫不犹豫地选择了第二个选项。A. chose选择；B. hit袭击；打击；C. bit咬；D. rose升起。根据下文"After all, we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day.(毕竟，我们每天都在迫切地加强与麻雀的关系)"以及"the second option, with no hesitation"可知，作者每天都在迫切地加强与麻雀的关系，因此作者会毫不犹豫地选择第二个选项，即把麻雀的来访看成是美好的时刻，故选A。
38．句意：从我们家的窗口，我们从未停止观察它们并赞赏它们的舞蹈。A. designing设计；B. observing观察；C. managing管理；D. preparing准备。根据上文的"and celebrating their dance from our window"可知，指会经常从窗口看它们，故选B。
39．句意：每顿饭后，我们用桌布上的剩余食物喂它们。A. vegetables蔬菜；B. fruits水果；C. goods货物；D. leftovers剩余的饭菜。根据下文的"on our tablecloth after every meal"可知，饭后桌布上的是吃剩的食物，故选D。
40．句意：并且我们在露台上给它们提供了各种各样可以栖息和玩耍的地方。A. provided提供；B. equipped装备；C. comforted安慰；D. satisfied使满意。根据前文的"We fed them with the leftovers on our tablecloth after every meal."可知，作者用每顿饭后的剩余食物喂养麻雀，看得出对于麻雀的喜爱，由此推知，作者给它们提供各种各样可以栖息的地方。短语provide sb./sth. with sth.意为"给……提供……"，故选A。
41．句意：毫无疑问的是，它们在我们的后院感到很自在。A. Repeatedly重复地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文的"we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day"及下文的"they feel at ease in our backyard"可知，作者不断地增进和麻雀们的关系，因此毫无疑问，麻雀在作者家的后院很自在，故选C。
42．句意：这让它们鼓起勇气溜进我们家。A. lose失去；B. seek寻找；C. give给；D. gather聚集。根据上文的"they feel at ease in our backyard"和下文的"slip into our house"可知，因为作者不断地增进和麻雀们的关系，而这种自在感也让它们鼓起勇气溜进了作者家的厨房，gather courage意为"鼓起勇气"，故选D。
43．句意：也许是因为它们觉得我们并不把它们当作入侵者，而是友好的邻居，它们只是时不时地留下一些废物。A. intruders入侵者；B. strangers陌生人；C. instructors指导者；D. friends朋友。根据前文的"sense it as an action of intruding into your comfort zone"和后文的"but friendly neighbors"可知，此处指它们觉得作者并不把它们当作入侵者，而是友好的邻居，故选A。
44．句意：最近一直有很多可爱的麻雀过来，它们的出现让我们摆脱了单调的日常生活，向我们展示了隐藏的美丽和魅力。A. drops out退出；B. brings out使显现；C. carries out实施；D. turns out结果是。根据后文的"us out of our dull daily routines and shows us the hidden beauty and charm"可知此处指麻雀们的到来将作者从单调的日常生活中解放出来，并且向作者显示了生活中隐藏的美丽和魅力，故选B。
45．句意：也许这些鸟都愿意引起我们的注意，让我们知道它们在那里。A. agreement协定；B. attention注意；C. acceptance接受；D. expression表达。根据下文的"making us know they are there"可知，麻雀们认为人们很友好，因此也常常愿意引起人们的注意，故选B。
46．句意：它们只要求我们不要害怕它们或者对它们的存在感到不安。A. impression印象；B. expression表达；C. existence存在；D. difference差异。根据前文的"they are there"和"They only ask from us not to be afraid of them"可知，麻雀希望作者不要害怕它们，也希望作者不要因为它们的存在而感到不自在，故选C。
八、第二节 补全语篇（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
（2025高二上·深圳期末）请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。
注意：（1）每个选项只能使用一次；（2）方框中有一个多余选项。
A.constructed B.Located C.overcome D.protect E.Sitting F.dedicated G.landmark H.extraordinary I.steadily J.achievements K.prevent
　47． 　 back in my seat, I'm so excited that I'm about to travel along the railway that was called "impossible" by many foreign experts. The train runs fast and　48． 　 across the "roof of the world".
It took years to build the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which is a record of all Chinese people's efforts to　49． 　 the most difficult challenges. The first　50． 　 to catch my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge. To　51． 　 damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges were built between Golmud and Lhasa.　52． 　 at over 5,000 metres above sea level, Tanggula Station is the highest railway station in the world. Several oxygen-making stations were　53． 　 to make people stay healthy. As we pass Cuona Lake, a sense of pride and　54． 　 wells up in my heart.Along the lake we built a twenty-kilometre wall to　55． 　 the lake from construction waste.
I'm proud that we built our "impossible" railway. It truly is an　56． 　 "Sky Railway".
【答案】47．E；48．I；49．C；50．G；51．K；52．B；53．A；54．J；55．D；56．H
【知识点】动词不定式；副词的用法；动词过去分词；环境保护类；记叙文；achievement；construct；dedicated；extraordinary；landmark；located；overcome；prevent；protect；sitting；steadily
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记述文。作者对青藏铁路的建设成就感到自豪，介绍了铁路沿线的一些标志性建筑，如清水河大桥、唐古拉站等，以及为保护生态环境所采取的措施。备选词的中文意思： A. constructed建造（动词过去分词/形容词）；B. located位于（动词过去分词/形容词）；C. overcome克服（动词原形/过去分词）；D. protect保护（动词原形）；E. sitting坐落（现在分词/动名词）；F. dedicated奉献的（形容词）/献身于（动词过去分词）；G. landmark地标（名词）；H. extraordinary非凡的（形容词）；I. steadily稳定地（副词）；J. achievements成就（名词复数）；
K. prevent防止（动词原形）。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。注意：整体阅读，把握文章大意。快速浏览全文，在开始填空之前，先用较快的速度浏览全文，特别注意段首和段尾句。词性分类，缩小选择范围，整理选项，将给出的选项按词性进行分类，因为空格处可能需要不同形式的动词。明确考点，选词填空主要考察名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词性的单词。仔细分析，选择最佳答案根据语法关系判断，结合句子的语法结构和上下文，判断所需词的词性，并选择正确的形式。注意固定搭配，选项中可能会出现一些常见的固定搭配或常用短语，选择这些表达以保持句子的自然流畅。
47．句意：坐在座位上，我很兴奋，我即将沿着被许多外国专家称为"不可能"的铁路旅行。根据语境可知，"Sitting back in my seat"表示"坐回到我的座位上"，符合语境，这里用现在分词作伴随状语，说明作者的状态。故选E。
48．考查副词。句意：火车在"世界屋脊"上快速而平稳地行驶。根据语境可知，火车快速且稳定地行驶过"世界屋脊"。"steadily"是副词，意为"稳定地"，修饰动词"runs"。故选I。
49．考查动词。句意：青藏铁路历时多年建成，凝聚了全体中国人民克服最艰难挑战的汗水。根据语境可知，"to overcome the most difficult challenges"表示"克服最困难的挑战"，"overcome"是动词，意为"克服"，符合语境。故选C。
50．考查名词。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是清水河大桥。根据"the Qingshuihe Bridge"可知，清水河大桥是一个地标性建筑，"landmark"是名词，意为"地标；里程碑"，"The first landmark to catch my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge."表示"第一个吸引我目光的地标是清水河大桥"。故选G。
51．考查动词。句意：为防止对湿地和草原的破坏，在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁。根据语境可知，"To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands"表示"为了防止对湿地和草原的破坏"，"prevent"是动词，意为"防止；阻止"，故选K。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：唐古拉火车站海拔5000多米，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。根据语境可知，"Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level"表示"位于海拔 5000 多米的地方"，"Located"是过去分词，意为"位于"，在这里作状语，说明唐古拉站的位置。故选B。
53．考查动词语态。句意：为了使人们保持健康，建造了几个制氧站。根据语境可知，"Several oxygen-making stations were constructed to make people stay healthy."意思是"建造了几个制氧站来让人们保持健康"，"constructed"是动词"construct"的过去分词，意为"建造；构造"，这里用被动语态。故选A。
54．考查名词。句意：当我们经过措那湖时，一种自豪感和成就感涌上心头。根据语境可知，"a sense of pride and achievements wells up in my heart"表示"一种自豪感和成就感在我心中涌起"，"achievements"是名词"achievement"的复数形式，意为"成就；功绩"，与 "pride"并列，符合语境。故选J。
55．考查动词。句意：我们沿着湖筑了一道20公里长的墙，以保护湖不受建筑垃圾的污染。根据语境可知，"to protect the lake from construction waste"表示"保护湖泊免受建筑垃圾的影响"，"protect...from..."是固定短语，意为"保护……免受……"，"protect"是动词，意为"保护"。故选D。
56．考查形容词。句意：这确实是一条非凡的"空中铁路"。根据语境可知，"It truly is an extraordinary "Sky Railway"." 表示"它确实是一条非凡的‘天路'"，"extraordinary"是形容词，意为"非凡的；特别的"，修饰"Sky Railway"。故选H。
九、第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2025高二上·深圳期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's traditional tea-making was added on Tuesday to the intangible cultural heritage list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The item "Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China"　57． 　 (pass) the examination at the 17th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee.
China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list,　58． 　 (continue) to be the most enlisted country in the world.
The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist　59． 　 knowledge, skills, and practices concerning the　60． 　 (manage) of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking, and sharing of tea.
Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea.
　61． 　 (base) on natural conditions and local customs, Chinese tea producers have developed six　62． 　 (category) of tea: green, yellow, dark, white, oolong and black. Besides, there are other varieties,　63． 　 contain flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea products.
The traditional tea making techniques are　64． 　 (main) concentrated in the four tea regions in China. Associated social practices, however,　65． 　 (spread) throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups.
Tea is popular in Chinese people's daily life, served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, to name a few.　66． 　 is also an important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices.
【答案】57．passed；58．continuing；59．of；60．management；61．Based；62．categories；63．which；64．mainly；65．are spread；66．It
【知识点】动词现在分词；一般过去时；说明文；简单介词；社会文化类；it；based；categories；continue；mainly；management；of；pass；which
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录这一事件，介绍了中国传统的茶的种类、制作技艺、习俗和重要意义。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，介词，名词，定语从句，副词，时态，语态，主谓一致以及代词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。
57．句意："中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗"项目通过联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第17届常会评审。pass，通过，动词。空处作句子的谓语，结合上一句中的"was added"可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填passed。
58．句意：中国共有43项非物质文化遗产列入名录，继续成为世界上被列入非物质文化遗产最多的国家。continue，继续，动词。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用continue的现在分词形式。故填continuing。
59．句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、手工加工、饮茶和分享等方面的知识、技艺和习俗。动词短语consist of意为"由……组成，包含"。故填of。
60．句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、手工加工、饮茶和分享等方面的知识、技艺和习俗。manage， 管理/经营/设法做到/处理，动词。空处作concerning的宾语，空前有定冠词the，manage的名词形式management符合题意，意为"管理"，是不可数名词。故填management。
61．句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶叶生产者开发了六种茶：绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。base，名词（基础/底部/基地/大本营/基数），形容词（卑鄙的/低劣的），动词（以…为基础）。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，固定短语be based on意为"以……为基础"，因此用过去分词based作方式状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Based。
62．句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶叶生产者开发了六种茶：绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。category，种类/类别，名词。空处作developed的宾语，空前有six，应用其复数形式。故填categories。
63．句意：此外，还有其他品种，其中包含花茶，以及2000多种茶产品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词varieties作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
64．句意：传统的制茶技艺主要集中在中国的四大茶区。main，主要的，形容词。空处修饰动词concentrated，应用副词mainly，意为"主要地"，作状语。故填mainly。
65．句意：然而，相关的习俗在全国各地传播，并由多个民族群体共享。spread，传播，动词。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，spread"传播"和主语practices之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are spread。
66．句意：它也是社交和婚礼、祭祀等仪式的重要组成部分。空处作主语，结合前后文可知，空处指代前一句中提到的Tea，应用代词it，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填It。
十、第四部分 读后续写（共1小题，满分20分）
67．（2025高二上·深圳期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs Arlene usually woke up early on weekends to tidy up the house and make breakfast for her son, Allen. But the house was unusually quiet today. The worried boy rolled down the bed and went to knock on her door.
"Mom, are you all right " Allen asked anxiously.
"Sweetheart," Mom replied weakly. "I'm afraid I've got a bad cold. Could you make breakfast for yourself and watch cartoons while I stay in bed "
"Take it easy, Mom," Allen said. "I'm a big boy now. I can take care of myself!"
Allen went to the kitchen and found the instant noodles. He put them in two bowls and poured enough boiling water over them. After about two minutes, he returned to Mom's bedroom with the noodles.
Mom tried the noodles and said cheerfully. "It is so delicious! My boy is a better cook than me!"
Encouraged by Mom's words, Allen decided to give Mom a bigger surprise: to do the laundry. When Allen was a little boy, he had enjoyed watching Mom do laundry. But he had never been allowed to do it, since Mom was worried that he might mess things up.
Allen went to the bathroom to get the laundry basket, in which his mother's favorite white night gown (睡衣) was mixed with other clothes and a pair of red socks. He put all of them inside the washing machine. Before he closed the door and pressed the big button"START"， he put in some washing powder.
"It is so easy," Allen said with pride after the machine started to spin.
Allen was watching cartoons when he heard the washing machine send out an alarm, indicating that the laundry was finished. He opened the door and took out the clothes one by one. Each of them looked clean. But when he pulled out a pink dress, he immediately realized that he had messed things up: The white gown had been turned into a pink one by the socks!
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Allen was really worried.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Holding the pink dress, Allen nervously entered Mom's bedroom.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Allen was really worried. He was sure that Mom would be angry when she knew what happened to her beloved gown. He stood there for a few seconds to calm himself down and then he decided to wash it in clean water by hand. Although he tried very hard to get rid of the pink color, it was still there. Staring at the damaged dress with a sinking heart, Allen even thought about hiding it up. Eventually, he persuaded himself to tell Mom the truth.
Holding the pink dress, Allen nervously entered Mom's bedroom. Sensing Allen's uneasiness, Mom asked what was wrong. Having learned what had occurred to her gown, 广东省深圳市第二高级中学深汕实验学校2024-2025学年高二上学期第二学段考试英语试卷
一、从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．（2025高二上·深圳期末） Parents put the books on the bottom shelf so they are readily ____ to their kids.
A．distant B．accessible C．considerate D．objective
2．（2025高二上·深圳期末）The successful soft landing of Chang'e-3 lunar probe can be a strong ________ for Chinese setting foot on the moon.
A．restriction B．motivation C．occupation D．cooperation
3．（2025高二上·深圳期末）They have made it a rule ________in the room.
A．not to smoke B．smoking C．to not smoke D．not smoking
4．（2025高二上·深圳期末）To be honest, I prefer ________ books ________ TV when I am free.
A．reading; to watching B．to read; to watching
C．reading; rather than watch D．to read; rather than watching
5．（2025高二上·深圳期末） Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without being ____by messages from other people.
A．disheartened B．occupied C．distracted D．tempted
6．（2025高二上·深圳期末）She is very dear to us. We are determined to do ________ it takes to save her life.
A．whichever B．no matter which
C．whatever D．no matter what
7．（2025高二上·深圳期末）—I have been considering canceling the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it's too early to ________now. There's still much hope.
A．pave the way B．throw in the towel
C．have a say D．take any chances
8．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Don't worry. You've left your mother ________. This hospital has the best nursing team in the city.
A．out of control B．in good hands
C．behind the wheel D．against all odds
9．（2025高二上·深圳期末）We eventually found the professor's house, only that he had gone to his daughter's home.
A．being told B．to be told C．to tell D．telling
10．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Rarely __________ live up to expectations.
A．local matches don't B．local matches do
C．don't local matches D．do local matches
11．（2025高二上·深圳期末）There is no denying that ________ to dirty air for a long time will bring damage to our health
A．being exposed B．be exposed C．exposed D．exposing
12．（2025高二上·深圳期末）We felt upset when we were ________ of the change in the camping plan.
A．informed B．convinced C．composed D．approved
13．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Finally, the river cleaners' hard work ________ and now the Shenzhen River is cleaner than ever.
A．fell behind B．carried on C．turned down D．paid off
14．（2025高二上·深圳期末）He stole some money from the shop so he deserved ________.
A．being punished B．punishing C．to punish D．be punished
15．（2025高二上·深圳期末）It is requested that you ________ them a lecture on the subject.
A．will give B．gave C．give D．have given
二、A
（2025高二上·深圳期末）With the development of technology, there is the wide use of AI in many aspects of our lives. The Library for the Performing Arts invites you to an afternoon discussion next Thursday. In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate (贬低) AI — instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement.
Seating Policy
Programs are free and open to all, but registration is requested a week earlier. Registered guests are given priority and allowed to check in 15 to 30 minutes before the start time and holding seats for anyone is prohibited. If you arrive after the program starts, your seat will be arranged at a special place by our staff. Food or drink is not allowed inside.
Standby Line
If registration has ended, do not worry! We welcome you to the library regardless of registration status and you can wait in our standby line. Five minutes before the program starts, all remaining seats are released to attendees in the standby line. While this is not guaranteed, we will do our best to get you into any of our programs.
Assistive Listening and Interpretation
Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request. Please submit your request at least two weeks in advance by emailing us at accessibility@nypl.org.
Audio and Video Recording
Programs may be photographed and recorded by the Library for the Performing Arts. If you would prefer your image not to be photographed, please let us know and we can seat you accordingly. Please note that all recordings, including professional video recordings, are not allowed during the discussion.
16．What's the purpose of the discussion
A．To promote the application of AI.
B．To appreciate the development of AI.
C．To explore the influence of AI on theatre.
D．To compare theatre performances with and without AI.
17．What's the best way to attend if you miss sign-up
A．Check in early to reserve a seat.
B．Register at least a week in advance to secure a seat.
C．Wait in the standby line and hope for available seats.
D．Arrive five minutes before the program starts to get a seat.
18．What can people do if they attend the discussion
A．Request the real-time caption.
B．Reserve a seat for someone else.
C．Capture photos during the event.
D．Stream the discussion in real time.
三、B
（2025高二上·深圳期末）When people ask about my experience of learning Cantonese, I recount a journey driven by unending curiosity and a strong desire to connect with a dynamic culture.
Growing up in a Russian family, my fascination with languages grew thanks to my father, a language expert. It's during a cultural appreciation class in junior high that I was first introduced to the world of Hong Kong films, famous for their characteristic action-packed dramas and storytelling styles. However, what really amazed me was the uniqueness of the language, Cantonese, which sparked a urgent need within me to explore it and the rich culture behind. This marked the beginning of a thrilling linguistic journey.
Learning Cantonese posed challenges, such as unfamiliar characters, complex tones, and different grammar structures, yet I persevered. Immersed in textbooks and available online courses, I practiced the tones everyday until my pronunciation flowed naturally. Cantonese dramas and music also played a role in familiarizing me with its rhythm.
To truly grasp the essence of Cantonese, I knew that studying alone wasn't enough — I needed firsthand experience. So, I took a gap year to pack my bags for Hong Kong, a city featuring the lively heartbeat of Cantonese culture. Buried in its busy streets and daily conversations, from casual chats to food ordering, I found myself enveloped in a linguistic wonderland. Within a few months, my Cantonese proficiency flourished, fueling a surge of confidence.
My explorations extended beyond the streets. I enrolled in formal language classes that offered professional guidance. Through hard work, I successfully completed all the courses in Cantonese Linguistics. From then on, I've been passionately committed to spreading the Cantonese culture, ensuring its richness reaches a wider audience.
Today, I continue my Cantonese voyage with unflagging enthusiasm. It has transformed into more than just a linguistic pursuit; it grants me a passport to sincere connections, profound insights, and heartfelt admiration for its one-of-a-kind culture.
19．What motivated the author to start his linguistic journey
A．His father's intentional arrangement.
B．His teacher's positive encouragement.
C．His strong interest in Chinese movies.
D．His great passion for cultural exploration.
20．Why did the author head to Hong Kong during the gap year
A．To participate in a language workshop.
B．To take a bite of the diverse local food.
C．To fully comprehend the spirit of Cantonese.
D．To stay well informed about studying abroad.
21．Which best describes the author's learning process of Cantonese
A．Demanding but strategic. B．Effortless and enjoyable.
C．Challenging but creative. D．Adventurous and eventful.
22．What message does the text mainly convey
A．Education is the passport to the future.
B．Language is the road map of a culture.
C．Opportunity favors the prepared mind.
D．Success belongs to those with curiosity.
四、C
（2025高二上·深圳期末）Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. "But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions," says Sonja Sudimac.
To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature triggers beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.
"The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress," explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.
The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain.
In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.
23．What does Sonja Sudimac mean when she talks about the hen-and-egg problem
A．Living in rural areas can influence brain activity.
B．People living in cities are more likely to have mental health problems.
C．The relationship between stress and health does not need to be examined.
D．It is hard to determine the effect of living environment on mental well-being.
24．How did the researchers gather evidence for the study
A．By citing experts' opinions.
B．By studying an existing theory.
C．By interviewing healthy participants.
D．By comparing the amygdala activity of volunteers.
25．What does Simone Kühn's explanation challenge about urban environments
A．The idea that cities are naturally stressful.
B．The belief that city living benefits brain health.
C．The claim that rural living reduces brain activity.
D．The notion that a one-hour walk greatly changes brain activity.
26．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The focus of the follow-up research.
B．The benefits of spending time in natural environments.
C．The ongoing research on the effects of urban life on stress.
D．The importance of nature in reducing stress for mothers and babies.
五、D
（2025高二上·深圳期末）In the quiet backwaters of Yunnan, Dong Meihua — known as Dianxi Xiaoge — has done something remarkable: She's taken the poetic simplicity of rural China and made it irresistible to millions. In her hands, a village kitchen becomes a stage, and the rhythms of farm life become a story as appealing as any novel. Xiaoge is redefining through social media how the countryside is perceived.
The Chinese term for this social media phenomenon is "new farmer". This generalizes the rise of rural celebrities who use platforms like Douyin or Weibo to document and commercialize their way of life. Sister Yu: with over 23 million followers, she showcases the rural charm of northeast China as she pickles (腌制) vegetables and cooks hearty meals. Or Peng Chuanming: a farmer in Fujian whose videos on crafting traditional teas have captivated millions.
Since 2016, the number of rural influencers has been increasing in once-forgotten villages. What began as simple documentation has evolved into a phenomenon commanding enormous audiences, fueled not just by nostalgia (怀旧) but economic necessity. In China's megacities, where the air is thick with pollution, there's clearly a hunger for something real and natural. And rural influencers serve slices of a life many thought lost to China's rapid development. Besides, China's post-COVID-19 economic downturn, marked by soaring youth unemployment and decreasing urban opportunities, has driven some to seek livelihoods in the countryside.
As with all formulas, there's a trap to the new farmer movement. The more popular rural influencers become, the more pressure they face to perform "authenticity". Or put another way: The more real it looks, the less real it might actually be. Yet, for the potential trap, the new farmer trend is a chance to challenge the urban-centered mode that has dominated China's development for decades and rethink whether progress always means high-rises and highways, or if there's value in preserving ways of life that have sustained communities for centuries.
27．What remarkable thing has Dong Meihua done
A．She has written a novel about rural life.
B．She has launched a new trend of poetic simplicity.
C．She has transformed a village kitchen into a grand stage.
D．She has had rural life well-received through social media.
28．What is a shared feature of the three rural celebrities
A．They attract millions of followers.
B．They display suburban attraction.
C．They prioritize commercial gain.
D．They choose only one shooting platform.
29．What factor has contributed to the rise of rural influencers since 2016
A．The urgent demand for natural resources.
B．The dramatic decline in youth unemployment.
C．The intense longing for something in the past.
D．The less environmental pollution in mega-cities.
30．What does the author imply in Paragraph 4 about the new farmer trend
A．It emphasizes authenticity in rural life.
B．It only serves to imitate urban lifestyles.
C．It aims to replace the current mode of community life.
D．It challenges the city-centered pattern of development.
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
31．（2025高二上·深圳期末）Imagine you buy a new shirt and do not intend to buy a new jacket. You were perfectly happy with it until you wore it with the new shirt. However, you imagine that the new shirt makes the old jacket look worn. Then you can't help buy a new jacket or even more to better fit the shirt. 　 　The simplest description of it is the scenario of buying something new and replacing our old possessions with items to match the new one, even if that means an empty bank account. 　 　
Become aware it is happening. Observe when you are being drawn into consumption not because you are in actual need of an item, but only because something new has been introduced.
　 　 A store may be having a great sale on a new outfit—but if the new outfit forces you to buy a new pair of shoes or handbag to match, it just became a more expensive purchase than originally assumed.
Avoid unnecessary new purchases. Realize the Diderot Effect is a significant force and overcoming it is very difficult. You may avoid replacing those end tables at first, but eventually, at some point down the road, you are going to break down and buy new ones that better match the new couch. 　 　 But the best way to overcome the Diderot Effect is to never allow it to overpower you in the first place.
Remind yourself that possessions do not define you.　 　 Your possessions do not define you or your success—no matter what marketers will try to tell you.
A. Analyze and predict the full cost of future purchases.
B. Buy things for their usefulness rather than their status.
C. We actually can employ this mind trick in the following ways.
D. The true abundance of life is not found in the things that you own.
E. Then how can we resist this pattern of unnecessary consumerism
F. The phenomenon can be owed to the so-called "Diderot Effect".
G. There are times when we have a proper need to buy new things, admittedly.
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2025高二上·深圳期末）It is getting hot. It's time to put on 32． clothes and open up the windows. Yesterday brought a(n) 33． visit to the kitchen during the brief time we were out. Two daring sparrows (麻雀) had 34． into a dangerous territory — our kitchen.
When you come across such sudden callers, you are 35． to sense it as an action of intruding (入侵) into your comfort zone, or you might 36． it as a lovely shining moment of life. We 37． — the second option, with no hesitation. After all, we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day.
We can't stop 38． and celebrating their dance from our window. We fed them with the 39． on our tablecloth after every meal. And we have 40． them with every kind of bases and stands on our terrace (露台).
41． , they feel at ease in our backyard. And that has led them to 42． courage to slip into our house. Perhaps because they have the feeling that we don't consider them 43． , but friendly neighbors, who only leave some wastes from time to time.
The presence of our dear sparrow holds magical consistency with real life. And we've been having lovely sparrows coming over lately, whose presence draws us out of our dull daily routines and 44． the hidden beauty and charm.
Like different human beings, these sparrows often take different forms. We've met sparrows like those, of all shapes and colors. And they're everywhere. Perhaps all of them are willing to draw our 45． making us know they are there. They only ask from us not to be afraid of them or feel uneasy to their 46． .
32．A．tighter B．lighter C．bigger D．cleaner
33．A．unstoppable B．uncomfortable C．unexpected D．unfortunate
34．A．slipped B．walked C．advanced D．spread
35．A．proud B．safe C．afraid D．likely
36．A．keep B．watch C．accept D．collect
37．A．chose B．hit C．bit D．rose
38．A．designing B．observing C．managing D．preparing
39．A．vegetables B．fruits C．goods D．leftovers
40．A．provided B．equipped C．comforted D．satisfied
41．A．Repeatedly B．Surprisingly C．Undoubtedly D．Traditionally
42．A．lose B．seek C．give D．gather
43．A．invaders B．strangers C．instructors D．friends
44．A．drops out B．brings out C．carries out D．turns out
45．A．agreement B．attention C．acceptance D．expression
46．A．impression B．expression C．existence D．difference
八、第二节 补全语篇（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
（2025高二上·深圳期末）请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。
注意：（1）每个选项只能使用一次；（2）方框中有一个多余选项。
A.constructed B.Located C.overcome D.protect E.Sitting F.dedicated G.landmark H.extraordinary I.steadily J.achievements K.prevent
　47． 　 back in my seat, I'm so excited that I'm about to travel along the railway that was called "impossible" by many foreign experts. The train runs fast and　48． 　 across the "roof of the world".
It took years to build the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which is a record of all Chinese people's efforts to　49． 　 the most difficult challenges. The first　50． 　 to catch my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge. To　51． 　 damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges were built between Golmud and Lhasa.　52． 　 at over 5,000 metres above sea level, Tanggula Station is the highest railway station in the world. Several oxygen-making stations were　53． 　 to make people stay healthy. As we pass Cuona Lake, a sense of pride and　54． 　 wells up in my heart.Along the lake we built a twenty-kilometre wall to　55． 　 the lake from construction waste.
I'm proud that we built our "impossible" railway. It truly is an　56． 　 "Sky Railway".
九、第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2025高二上·深圳期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's traditional tea-making was added on Tuesday to the intangible cultural heritage list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The item "Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China"　57． 　 (pass) the examination at the 17th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee.
China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list,　58． 　 (continue) to be the most enlisted country in the world.
The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist　59． 　 knowledge, skills, and practices concerning the　60． 　 (manage) of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking, and sharing of tea.
Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea.
　61． 　 (base) on natural conditions and local customs, Chinese tea producers have developed six　62． 　 (category) of tea: green, yellow, dark, white, oolong and black. Besides, there are other varieties,　63． 　 contain flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea products.
The traditional tea making techniques are　64． 　 (main) concentrated in the four tea regions in China. Associated social practices, however,　65． 　 (spread) throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups.
Tea is popular in Chinese people's daily life, served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, to name a few.　66． 　 is also an important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices.
十、第四部分 读后续写（共1小题，满分20分）
67．（2025高二上·深圳期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs Arlene usually woke up early on weekends to tidy up the house and make breakfast for her son, Allen. But the house was unusually quiet today. The worried boy rolled down the bed and went to knock on her door.
"Mom, are you all right " Allen asked anxiously.
"Sweetheart," Mom replied weakly. "I'm afraid I've got a bad cold. Could you make breakfast for yourself and watch cartoons while I stay in bed "
"Take it easy, Mom," Allen said. "I'm a big boy now. I can take care of myself!"
Allen went to the kitchen and found the instant noodles. He put them in two bowls and poured enough boiling water over them. After about two minutes, he returned to Mom's bedroom with the noodles.
Mom tried the noodles and said cheerfully. "It is so delicious! My boy is a better cook than me!"
Encouraged by Mom's words, Allen decided to give Mom a bigger surprise: to do the laundry. When Allen was a little boy, he had enjoyed watching Mom do laundry. But he had never been allowed to do it, since Mom was worried that he might mess things up.
Allen went to the bathroom to get the laundry basket, in which his mother's favorite white night gown (睡衣) was mixed with other clothes and a pair of red socks. He put all of them inside the washing machine. Before he closed the door and pressed the big button"START"， he put in some washing powder.
"It is so easy," Allen said with pride after the machine started to spin.
Allen was watching cartoons when he heard the washing machine send out an alarm, indicating that the laundry was finished. He opened the door and took out the clothes one by one. Each of them looked clean. But when he pulled out a pink dress, he immediately realized that he had messed things up: The white gown had been turned into a pink one by the socks!
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Allen was really worried.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Holding the pink dress, Allen nervously entered Mom's bedroom.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的词义辨析；accessible
【解析】【分析】句意：父母把书放在底层的架子上，这样孩子们就很容易拿得到。A. distant"遥远的"；B. accessible"可得到的，易接近的"；C. considerate"考虑周到的，体谅的，体贴的"；D. objective"客观的"。根据"Parents put the books on the bottom shelf"可知，书放在底层的架子上是为了让孩子容易拿到。be accessible to固定短语，"为…… 能够接近的"。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分distant；accessible；considerate和objective的含义以及固定短语be accessible to。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析；motivation
【解析】【分析】句意：嫦娥三号月球探测器的成功软着陆能够成为中国人踏上月球的强大动力。A.restriction限制，约束；B.motivation动力，激励；C.occupation职业，占领，占据；D.cooperation合作。根据句意，嫦娥三号的成功软着陆显然不会是对中国人踏上月球的一种限制，而是起到积极推动的作用。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他们制定了一个规则，禁止在房间里吸烟。 A. not to smoke不要吸烟（不定式否定式）;B. smoking吸烟（动名词/现在分词）；C. to not smoke形式错误；D. not smoking不吸烟（动名词否定式）。本句谓语为have made，此处为非谓语动词，it为形式宾语，空处应用不定式to smoke，作真正的宾语，且否定形式为not to smoke。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式）。注意：首先，需要识别出句子中it作为形式宾语的结构。这种结构的典型特征是"动词+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语/动名词短语/从句"。其中，it作为形式宾语，代替后面的真正宾语（不定式短语、动名词短语或从句），使句子结构更加平衡。分析这个真正宾语的内容，理解其含义和作用。it前面的动词往往是表示"认为"、"发现"等意义的动词，如think, find, make, consider等。将每个选项与句子中的真正宾语进行对比，看哪个选项能够最好地表达或替代真正宾语的内容。同时，注意选项中的动词、形容词或名词是否与句子中的其他部分相匹配。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语；动名词；reading
【解析】【分析】句意：老实说，当我有空的时候，我更喜欢看书而不是看电视。reading阅读，动名词或者现在分词；to read阅读，动词不定式；to watching形式错误；rather than watch形式错误；rather than watching而不是看。固定短语prefer doing to doing"宁愿做……，也不愿做……"，prefer to do rather than do"宁愿做……而不愿做……"。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）以及固定短语prefer doing to doing。注意：掌握动名词解题技巧需从三个维度切入：功能识别、结构分析和语境匹配。首先，当动词出现在介词后（如"by practicing"）或特定动词后（如"enjoy swimming"）时，优先考虑动名词形式。其次，注意动名词具有动词+名词的双重特性——若空格后接宾语（如"reading books"）或需要表达持续性动作（如"I avoid eating late"），则动名词更合适。最后，结合语境判断动作是否已发生或具有泛指意义，比如"Remember locking the door"强调动作完成，而"Remember to lock"则指未来动作。典型干扰项常混淆动名词与不定式，需牢记常见接动名词的动词：mind（介意）、admit（承认）、delay（推迟）等，并通过"是否表达习惯性/已完成动作"来排除错误选项。练习时可制作高频动词搭配表，重点区分如"stop to do"（停下做另一事）与"stop doing"（停止当前行为）等易混结构。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；distracted
【解析】【分析】句意：在没有手机的情况下，我们进行了两个多小时的正常交谈，没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。A. disheartened沮丧的；B. occupied忙于……的；C. distracted分心的；D. tempted被引诱 (而想做) 的。根据"Without our phones在没有手机的情况下"，可知我们交谈时不会被其他人的信息分散注意力，故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析。熟知选项中单词的词义。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词；whatever
【解析】【分析】句意：她对我们来说非常珍贵。我们决心做任何能挽救她生命的事情。A：whichever"无论哪一个（些）"；B：no matter which"无论哪一个（些）"；C：whatever"无论什么"；D：no matter what"无论什么"。 it takes to save her life 是宾语从句，应表达"无论什么"，应用whatever，作do的宾语，引导宾语从句。no matter what引导让步状语从句，不能引导宾语从句，故选C。
【点评】名词性从句，本题涉及whatever引导的宾语从句。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；throw in the towel
【解析】【分析】句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再做下去了。——但是现在认输还为时过早。还有很大的希望。A. pave the way为……做准备；B. throw in the towel认输；C. have a say有发言权；D. take any chances抓住任何机会。根据"There's still much hope."可知，空处表示"现在认输为时过早"。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意： 1. 将短语放在具体的句子或段落语境中去理解其含义。因为同一个短语在不同的语境中可能有不同的侧重点或引申义。2. 通过阅读大量的例句，可以更直观地感受动词短语在不同语境中的用法和含义。可以从教材、语法书、英语文章等渠道收集例句。 3. 在学习完一个动词短语后，尝试自己用该短语造句，这样可以加深对短语的理解和记忆，同时也能提高运用能力。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：别担心。你把你母亲托付给了很好的人。这家医院有本市最好的护理团队。A. out of control失去控制；B. in good hands得到很好的照顾；C. behind the wheel掌舵；主管； 控制；D. against all odds不顾一切。根据"This hospital has the best nursing team in the city."可知，将母亲托付给可靠的人，会得到很好的照顾。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。注意：明确每个介词短语的基本含义和常见用法，仔细阅读题干和选项，根据语境和常识进行判断。有些介词在含义和用法上非常接近，但仍有细微差别。在解答选择题时，要注意这些细微差别，避免混淆。
9．【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们终于找到了教授的家，却被告知他去了他女儿家。 A. being told正在被告知（动名词/现在分词的被动形式）；B. to be told将要被告知（不定式的被动形式）；C. to tell将要告诉（不定式的主动形式）；D. telling告诉（动名词/现在分词的主动形式）。分析句子语境可知，此处应用不定式和only连用表示出乎预料的结果，动词tell和主语之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式）。注意：1. 确定主句和从句：在含有动词不定式作结果状语的句子中，主句通常描述一个动作或情况，而动词不定式短语则描述该动作或情况所产生的结果。2.
判断逻辑关系：分析主句和动词不定式短语之间的逻辑关系，确认它们是否表示因果关系，即主句的动作或情况是否导致了动词不定式短语所描述的结果。3. 理解语境：根据句子的上下文，理解动词不定式短语所描述的结果是否符合语境和逻辑。4. 判断语义色彩：动词不定式作结果状语时，有时可以表示出乎意料的结果（通常与only to...连用），有时则表示意料之中的结果（通常与so...that...或too...to...连用）。需要根据具体语境判断其语义色彩。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：地方比赛很少能达到人们的期望。 A. local matches don't本地比赛不（否定陈述句）；B. local matches do本地比赛确实（肯定陈述句+强调）；C. don't local matches本地比赛不（错误语序，应为疑问句）；D. do local matches本地比赛确实（错误语序，应为疑问句或强调句）。否定副词rarely，置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，部分倒装就是把助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前面，本句为一般现在时，主语是复数，助动词用do。故选D。【点评】考查倒装句。注意：在解答倒装句相关的题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意思。识别倒装，判断句子是否为倒装句，并确定其类型（全部倒装或部分倒装）。分析成分，识别句子的主语和谓语，特别是谓语的位置和形式。应用规则，根据语法规则判断选项的正确性，特别是时态、主谓一致和固定句型的应用。选择答案，在理解句子结构和应用语法规则的基础上，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：不可否认，长时间暴露在污浊的空气中会损害我们的健康。 A. being exposed正在被暴露（动名词/现在分词的被动形式）；B. be exposed被暴露（动词原形被动式）；C. exposed暴露的（过去分词/被动式）；D. exposing暴露（动名词/现在分词的主动形式）。There is no denying that..."不可否认……"为固定句型；表"暴露于，暴露在"用be exposed to，空处在that引导的从句中作主语，故用其动名词being exposed to。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）。注意：1.理解动名词的句法功能。动名词在句子中可以担任多种成分，理解其句法功能是解题的关键。作主语：动名词短语可以作句子的主语，此时谓语通常用单数形式。例如：Reading is a good habit.（阅读是一个好习惯。）作宾语：许多动词和介词后面都可以接动名词作宾语。如：I enjoy playing basketball.（我喜欢打篮球。）常见的能接动名词作宾语的动词有admit、appreciate、avoid、advise等。作表语：动名词可以作连系动词的表语，说明主语的内容、性质或特征。如：My hobby is collecting stamps.（我的爱好是集邮。）作定语：动名词可以作前置定语或后置定语，修饰名词。如：a sleeping car（卧车），a car parked in front of the gate（停在大门前的一辆汽车）。2. 分析句子结构和语境。在解题时，要仔细分析句子的结构和语境，确定动名词在句子中的具体作用和含义。注意区分动名词与现在分词的区别，特别是在作状语时，要判断其是表示主动还是被动、进行还是完成等意义。3.注意动名词的否定和语态形式。动名词的否定形式是在其前加not、never等否定词；当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的对象或承受者时，动名词要用被动语态形式。例如：I don't like being laughed at.（我不喜欢被嘲笑。）
12．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；informed
【解析】【分析】句意：当得知露营计划改变时，我们感到失望。A. informed告知；B. convinced说服；C. composed构成；D. approved赞成。根据"of the change in the camping plan"可知，我们被告知露营计划改变。故选A。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：最终，河流清洁工的努力取得成功，现在深圳河比以往任何时候都更干净。A. fell behind落后；B. carried on继续；C. turned down拒绝；D. paid off取得成功。结合now the Shenzhen River is cleaner than ever可知，空格处应表达"取得成功"，故用paid off。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；动名词；punish
【解析】【分析】句意：他从商店偷了一些钱，所以他应该受到惩罚。 A. being punished正在被惩罚（动名词被动形式）；B. punishing惩罚（动名词主动形式/现在分词）；C. to punish惩罚（不定式主动形式）；D. be punished被惩罚（动词原形被动形式）。deserve doing=deserve to be done"值得做； 值得被做"，动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）。注意：1. deserve + doing（主动表被动）： Your joke deserves laughing at.（你的笑话该被嘲笑。）2. deserve + to do（需分主被动）：主动：She deserves to get a promotion. 被动：He deserves to be arrested.
15．【答案】C
【知识点】虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用；虚拟语气；give
【解析】【分析】句意：他们要求你就这个问题给他们作一次报告。 A. will give将要给（一般将来时）；B. gave给了（一般过去时）；C. give给（动词原形/一般现在时）；D. have given已经给了（现在完成时）。request意为"要求"，it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，从句中的谓语动词用"should+动词原形"，其中should可省略。故选C。【点评】考查虚拟语气。注意：主句含 request, suggest, demand, insist 等词时，从句动词用原形。
【答案】16．C
17．C
18．A
【知识点】细节理解题；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一家图书馆举办的有关人工智能对戏剧的影响的讨论活动。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段"In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate (贬低) AI — instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement. (在讨论中，我们希望既不推崇也不诋毁人工智能——相反，讲座将允许听众就人工智能在技术进步的关键阶段对戏剧的潜在影响进行公开讨论)"可知，这场讨论的目的是探讨人工智能对戏剧的影响。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据Standby Line部分"If registration has ended, do not worry! We welcome you to the library regardless of registration status and you can wait in our standby line. Five minutes before the program starts, all remaining seats are released to attendees in the standby line. (如果报名已经结束，不用担心！无论你的报名状态如何，我们都欢迎你来图书馆，你可以在我们的候补队伍等候。在活动开始前五分钟，所有剩余的座位将被发放给排队等候的与会者)"可知，如果你错过了报名，最好的方式是排队等候，希望有空位。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据Assistive Listening and Interpretation部分"Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request. (可应要求提供英语翻译和实时说明文字)"可知，如果参加讨论，人们可以请求提供实时说明文字。故选A。
【答案】19．D
20．C
21．A
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习粤语的经历，这是一段充满好奇心和强烈渴望融入充满活力的文化的旅程，粤语的独特性激发了作者探索这门语言及其背后丰富文化的渴望，他采用了各种方法来学习粤语，还前往香港让自己沉浸在粤语的语言环境中，如今他依旧饱有热情地探索着粤语及其文化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段"However, what really amazed me was the uniqueness of the language, Cantonese, which sparked a urgent need within me to explore it and the rich culture behind. This marked the beginning of a thrilling linguistic journey. (然而，真正让我惊讶的是粤语的独特性，这激发了我对探索它及其背后丰富文化的迫切需求。这标志着一段激动人心的语言之旅的开始)"可知，促使作者开始他的语言之旅的是他对粤语文化探索的极大热情。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据第四段"To truly grasp the essence of Cantonese, I knew that studying alone wasn't enough — I needed firsthand experience. So, I took a gap year to pack my bags for Hong Kong, a city featuring the lively heartbeat of Cantonese culture. (要真正掌握粤语的精髓，我知道光靠学习是不够的，我需要亲身体验。因此，我花了一年的时间收拾行李，前往香港，一个以粤语文化的活力中心为特色的城市)"可知，作者在间隔年期间前往香港是为了充分体会粤语的精髓。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据第三段"Learning Cantonese posed challenges, such as unfamiliar characters, complex tones, and different grammar structures, yet I persevered. (学习粤语有很多挑战，比如不熟悉的汉字、复杂的声调和不同的语法结构，但我坚持了下来)"可知，作者学习粤语的过程中面临很多挑战，因此这个过程是费力的。再结合第三段中"Immersed in textbooks and available online courses, I practiced the tones everyday until my pronunciation flowed naturally. Cantonese dramas and music also played a role in familiarizing me with its rhythm. (沉浸在课本和在线课程中，我每天练习音调，直到我的发音自然流畅。粤语剧和音乐也让我熟悉了粤语的节奏)"、第四段中"Buried in its busy streets and daily conversations, from casual chats to food ordering, I found myself enveloped in a linguistic wonderland. (沉浸在繁忙的街道和日常对话中，从闲聊到点餐，我发现自己被笼罩在一个语言仙境中)"和第五段中"My explorations extended beyond the streets. I enrolled in formal language classes that offered professional guidance. (我的探索超越了街道。我参加了提供专业指导的正式语言课程)"可知，作者通过各种手段和媒介来学习粤语，包括课本、在线课程、影视剧、音乐、真实的语言环境、正式的语言课程，因此这个过程也是有策略的。故选A。
22．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"It has transformed into more than just a linguistic pursuit; it grants me a passport to sincere connections, profound insights, and heartfelt admiration for its one-of-a-kind culture. (它已经不仅仅是一种语言追求；它给了我真诚的联系、深刻的见解和对其独特文化的由衷钦佩的通行证)"可知，文章主要围绕作者学习粤语的经历展开，粤语的独特性激发了作者探索这门语言及其背后丰富文化的渴望，他采用了各种方法来学习粤语，还前往香港让自己沉浸在粤语的语言环境中，如今他依旧饱有热情地探索着粤语及其文化，这段旅程充满好奇心和融入充满活力的文化的强烈渴望。由此可知，语言和文化贯穿了作者的这份经历，文章主要想表达语言是一种文化的路线图，帮助作者了解其背后的文化。故选B。
【答案】23．D
24．D
25．A
26．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是城市与自然环境对人类大脑及心理健康的不同影响，特别是通过实验对比揭示了自然环境能有效降低大脑杏仁核的活动，减轻压力，为预防心理疾病提供了新思路。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和段落大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段""But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions," says Sonja Sudimac.(Sonja Sudimac说："但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有解决，也就是说，究竟是大自然真的造成了大脑的影响，还是特定的个体选择住在农村还是城市地区。")"可知，当Sonja Sudimac谈到母鸡和蛋的问题时，意思是说很难确定生活环境对心理健康的影响。故选D。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段"To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin.(为了获得因果关系的证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后，检查了与压力处理有关的大脑区域的活动。)"可推知，研究人员是通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据的。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段"Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress," explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.(有趣的是，在城市中行走后，这些区域的大脑活动保持稳定，没有增加，这反驳了人们普遍认为的城市暴露会导致额外压力的观点，"该团队的负责人Simone Kühn解释道。)"可知，Simone Kühn的解释对城市自然就充满压力这个观点提出了挑战。故选A。
26．段落大意题。根据最后一段"In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.(为了调查大自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境中散步一小时与在城市环境中散步一小时如何影响母亲和婴儿的压力。)"可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选A。
【答案】27．D
28．A
29．C
30．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章探讨了中国农村网红现象的兴起及其对城市中心发展模式的挑战，强调了农村生活方式在现代社会中的吸引力和价值。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段"She's taken the poetic simplicity of rural China and made it irresistible to millions. In her hands, a village kitchen becomes a stage, and the rhythms of farm life become a story as appealing as any novel. Xiaoge is redefining through social media how the countryside is perceived. (她把中国农村的诗意简单之美呈现出来，使其对数百万人具有无法抗拒的魅力。在她手中，一个村庄厨房变成了舞台，农场生活的节奏变成了一个像小说一样吸引人的故事。小歌通过社交媒体重新定义了人们对乡村的看法。)"可知，董美华通过社交媒体让农村生活变得对数百万人具有吸引力。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段"She's taken the poetic simplicity of rural China and made it irresistible to millions. (她把中国农村的诗意简单之美呈现出来，使其对数百万人具有无法抗拒的魅力。)"以及第二段"Sister Yu: with over 23 million followers, she showcases the rural charm of northeast China as she pickles (腌制) vegetables and cooks hearty meals. Or Peng Chuanming: a farmer in Fujian whose videos on crafting traditional teas have captivated millions. (余姐：拥有超过2300万粉丝，她通过腌制蔬菜和烹饪丰盛的饭菜展示中国东北的乡村魅力。还有彭川明：一位来自福建的农民，他的制作传统茶叶的视频吸引了数百万人。)"可知，文中提到的三位农村网红董美华、余姐和彭川明都吸引了数百万的粉丝。因此，他们的共同特点是吸引了数百万的粉丝。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段"What began as simple documentation has evolved into a phenomenon commanding enormous audiences, fueled not just by nostalgia (怀旧) but economic necessity. In China's megacities, where the air is thick with pollution, there's clearly a hunger for something real and natural. And rural influencers serve slices of a life many thought lost to China's rapid development. (最初只是简单的记录，现在已经演变成一种现象，吸引了庞大的观众群体，这不仅仅是由于怀旧，还有经济的必要性。在中国的大城市，空气污染严重，人们显然渴望真实和自然的东西。而农村网红则提供了一种许多人认为在中国快速发展中已经失去的生活片段。)"可知，农村网红的兴起不仅仅是因为怀旧，还有经济的必要性。在空气污染严重的中国大城市，人们对真实和自然的生活方式有着强烈的渴望，能让人们想起过去的美好生活，故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段"Yet, for the potential trap, the new farmer trend is a chance to challenge the urban-centered mode that has dominated China's development for decades and rethink whether progress always means high-rises and highways, or if there's value in preserving ways of life that have sustained communities for centuries. (然而，尽管存在潜在的陷阱，新农民趋势仍是一个挑战几十年来主导中国发展的城市中心模式的机会，促使人们重新思考进步是否总是意味着高楼大厦和高速公路，或者是否还有价值去保留那些支撑社区数世纪的生活方式。)"可知，新农民趋势是对过去几十年以城市为中心的发展模式的挑战，故选D。
31．【答案】F；E；A；G；D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了"狄德罗效应"这一消费现象，即购买新物品后为搭配新物品而不断购买更多物品，并提出了应对这一效应的方法，包括意识到其发生、分析预测未来购买的全部成本、避免不必要的购买以及提醒自己物品不能定义自己。
（1）根据空前"Imagine you buy a new shirt and do not intend to buy a new jacket. You were perfectly happy with it until you wore it with the new shirt. However, you imagine that the new shirt makes the old jacket look worn. Then you can't help buy a new jacket or even more to better fit the shirt."假设你买了一件新衬衫，但不打算买一件新夹克。你本来对它很满意，直到你把它和新衬衫一起穿。然而，你想象新衬衫使旧夹克看起来很破旧。然后你会忍不住买一件新夹克，甚至更多的衣服来更好地搭配这件衬衫。可知，此处应总结上文的现象叫什么。 F. The phenomenon can be owed to the so-called "Diderot Effect". "这种现象可以归因于所谓的'德罗效应'。"承接上文，符合语境。
（2）根据空前"The simplest description of it is the scenario of buying something new and replacing our old possessions with items to match the new one, even if that means an empty bank account."最简单的描述就是买新东西，用新东西替换旧东西，即使这意味着银行账户空了。 E. Then how can we resist this pattern of unnecessary consumerism "那么我们如何抵制这种不必要的消费主义模式呢 "承接上文，总起下文的各个标题。符合语境，故选E。
（3）根据空后"A store may be having a great sale on a new outfit—but if the new outfit forces you to buy a new pair of shoes or handbag to match, it just became a more expensive purchase than originally assumed."一家商店的一套新衣服可能正在大减价，但如果这套新衣服迫使你去买一双新鞋或一个新手袋来搭配，那么它的购买成本就会比原先想象的要高。可知，本段主要在说要考虑采购的全部成本。 A. Analyze and predict the full cost of future purchases. "分析和预测未来采购的全部成本。"适合作本段的标题。故选A。
（4）根据空前"You may avoid replacing those end tables at first, but eventually, at some point down the road, you are going to break down and buy new ones that better match the new couch."一开始你可能会避免更换那些茶几，但最终，在这条路上的某个时刻，你会让步，买一个更适合新沙发的新桌子；以及空后"But the best way to overcome the Diderot Effect is to never allow it to overpower you in the first place."但克服狄德罗效应的最好方法是，从一开始就不要让它压倒你。可知，此处应说明需要买新东西的必然性且与下文为转折关系。G. There are times when we have a proper need to buy new things, admittedly."不可否认，有时候我们确实需要买新东西。"承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
（5）根据空前"Remind yourself that possessions do not define you."提醒自己，财产并不能定义你。可知，此处应进一步说明且与下文为并列关系。上下文话题一致。 D. The true abundance of life is not found in the things that you own. "生活的真正丰富不在于你拥有的东西。"承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
【答案】32．B；33．C；34．A；35．D；36．C；37．A；38．B；39．D；40．A；41．C；42．D；43．A；44．B；45．B；46．C
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在外出的短暂期间，两只胆大的麻雀溜进了家里的厨房，而后与麻雀结下了深厚友谊的故事，告诉人们应该放松去享受生活中这样平静又美好的瞬间。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
32．句意：是穿上轻薄的衣服和打开窗户的时候了。A. tighter更紧的；B. lighter更轻的；C. bigger更大的；D. cleaner更干净的。根据前文的"It is getting hot. "可知，天气变热了，人们要穿轻薄的衣服了，故选B。
33．句意：昨天在我们外出的短暂时间里，厨房来了意外的客人。A. unstoppable无法停止的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unexpected意外的；D. unfortunate不幸的。根据下文的"When you come across such sudden callers"可知，这两只麻雀突然到访作者家，这是意外的事情，故选C。
34．句意：两只大胆的麻雀溜进了一个危险的地方——我们的厨房。A. slipped溜进；B. walked步行；C. advanced进步；D. spread传播。根据下文的"slip into our house"可知，这两只麻雀在作者外出的短暂时间里悄悄地进入了厨房， slip是同词复现，故选A。
35．句意：当你遇到这样突然的来访者，你可能会觉得这是一种侵入你舒适区的行为，或者你可能会接受它，把它看作为生命中一个可爱的闪亮时刻。A. proud骄傲的；B. safe安全的；C. afraid害怕的；D. likely可能的。根据下文的"After all, we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day.(毕竟，我们每天都在迫切地加强与麻雀的关系)"再由or表示选择关系可知，第一种选择指的便是"不接受麻雀的来访为美好的时刻"，即你可能觉得麻雀的来访是一种侵入你的安全区的行为，故选D。
36．句意：当你遇到这样突然的来访者，你可能会觉得这是一种侵入你舒适区的行为，或者你可能会接受它，把它看作为生命中一个可爱的闪亮时刻。A. keep保持；B. watch观看；C. accept接受；D. collect收集。根据上文的"intruding (入侵) into your comfort zone"和or可知，此处与上文形成对比，即接受它，把它看成是美好的时刻。故选C。
37．句意：我们毫不犹豫地选择了第二个选项。A. chose选择；B. hit袭击；打击；C. bit咬；D. rose升起。根据下文"After all, we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day.(毕竟，我们每天都在迫切地加强与麻雀的关系)"以及"the second option, with no hesitation"可知，作者每天都在迫切地加强与麻雀的关系，因此作者会毫不犹豫地选择第二个选项，即把麻雀的来访看成是美好的时刻，故选A。
38．句意：从我们家的窗口，我们从未停止观察它们并赞赏它们的舞蹈。A. designing设计；B. observing观察；C. managing管理；D. preparing准备。根据上文的"and celebrating their dance from our window"可知，指会经常从窗口看它们，故选B。
39．句意：每顿饭后，我们用桌布上的剩余食物喂它们。A. vegetables蔬菜；B. fruits水果；C. goods货物；D. leftovers剩余的饭菜。根据下文的"on our tablecloth after every meal"可知，饭后桌布上的是吃剩的食物，故选D。
40．句意：并且我们在露台上给它们提供了各种各样可以栖息和玩耍的地方。A. provided提供；B. equipped装备；C. comforted安慰；D. satisfied使满意。根据前文的"We fed them with the leftovers on our tablecloth after every meal."可知，作者用每顿饭后的剩余食物喂养麻雀，看得出对于麻雀的喜爱，由此推知，作者给它们提供各种各样可以栖息的地方。短语provide sb./sth. with sth.意为"给……提供……"，故选A。
41．句意：毫无疑问的是，它们在我们的后院感到很自在。A. Repeatedly重复地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文的"we've never stopped feeling urgent to strengthen the relationship with our sparrows more and more each day"及下文的"they feel at ease in our backyard"可知，作者不断地增进和麻雀们的关系，因此毫无疑问，麻雀在作者家的后院很自在，故选C。
42．句意：这让它们鼓起勇气溜进我们家。A. lose失去；B. seek寻找；C. give给；D. gather聚集。根据上文的"they feel at ease in our backyard"和下文的"slip into our house"可知，因为作者不断地增进和麻雀们的关系，而这种自在感也让它们鼓起勇气溜进了作者家的厨房，gather courage意为"鼓起勇气"，故选D。
43．句意：也许是因为它们觉得我们并不把它们当作入侵者，而是友好的邻居，它们只是时不时地留下一些废物。A. intruders入侵者；B. strangers陌生人；C. instructors指导者；D. friends朋友。根据前文的"sense it as an action of intruding into your comfort zone"和后文的"but friendly neighbors"可知，此处指它们觉得作者并不把它们当作入侵者，而是友好的邻居，故选A。
44．句意：最近一直有很多可爱的麻雀过来，它们的出现让我们摆脱了单调的日常生活，向我们展示了隐藏的美丽和魅力。A. drops out退出；B. brings out使显现；C. carries out实施；D. turns out结果是。根据后文的"us out of our dull daily routines and shows us the hidden beauty and charm"可知此处指麻雀们的到来将作者从单调的日常生活中解放出来，并且向作者显示了生活中隐藏的美丽和魅力，故选B。
45．句意：也许这些鸟都愿意引起我们的注意，让我们知道它们在那里。A. agreement协定；B. attention注意；C. acceptance接受；D. expression表达。根据下文的"making us know they are there"可知，麻雀们认为人们很友好，因此也常常愿意引起人们的注意，故选B。
46．句意：它们只要求我们不要害怕它们或者对它们的存在感到不安。A. impression印象；B. expression表达；C. existence存在；D. difference差异。根据前文的"they are there"和"They only ask from us not to be afraid of them"可知，麻雀希望作者不要害怕它们，也希望作者不要因为它们的存在而感到不自在，故选C。
【答案】47．E；48．I；49．C；50．G；51．K；52．B；53．A；54．J；55．D；56．H
【知识点】动词不定式；副词的用法；动词过去分词；环境保护类；记叙文；achievement；construct；dedicated；extraordinary；landmark；located；overcome；prevent；protect；sitting；steadily
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记述文。作者对青藏铁路的建设成就感到自豪，介绍了铁路沿线的一些标志性建筑，如清水河大桥、唐古拉站等，以及为保护生态环境所采取的措施。备选词的中文意思： A. constructed建造（动词过去分词/形容词）；B. located位于（动词过去分词/形容词）；C. overcome克服（动词原形/过去分词）；D. protect保护（动词原形）；E. sitting坐落（现在分词/动名词）；F. dedicated奉献的（形容词）/献身于（动词过去分词）；G. landmark地标（名词）；H. extraordinary非凡的（形容词）；I. steadily稳定地（副词）；J. achievements成就（名词复数）；
K. prevent防止（动词原形）。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。注意：整体阅读，把握文章大意。快速浏览全文，在开始填空之前，先用较快的速度浏览全文，特别注意段首和段尾句。词性分类，缩小选择范围，整理选项，将给出的选项按词性进行分类，因为空格处可能需要不同形式的动词。明确考点，选词填空主要考察名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词性的单词。仔细分析，选择最佳答案根据语法关系判断，结合句子的语法结构和上下文，判断所需词的词性，并选择正确的形式。注意固定搭配，选项中可能会出现一些常见的固定搭配或常用短语，选择这些表达以保持句子的自然流畅。
47．句意：坐在座位上，我很兴奋，我即将沿着被许多外国专家称为"不可能"的铁路旅行。根据语境可知，"Sitting back in my seat"表示"坐回到我的座位上"，符合语境，这里用现在分词作伴随状语，说明作者的状态。故选E。
48．考查副词。句意：火车在"世界屋脊"上快速而平稳地行驶。根据语境可知，火车快速且稳定地行驶过"世界屋脊"。"steadily"是副词，意为"稳定地"，修饰动词"runs"。故选I。
49．考查动词。句意：青藏铁路历时多年建成，凝聚了全体中国人民克服最艰难挑战的汗水。根据语境可知，"to overcome the most difficult challenges"表示"克服最困难的挑战"，"overcome"是动词，意为"克服"，符合语境。故选C。
50．考查名词。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是清水河大桥。根据"the Qingshuihe Bridge"可知，清水河大桥是一个地标性建筑，"landmark"是名词，意为"地标；里程碑"，"The first landmark to catch my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge."表示"第一个吸引我目光的地标是清水河大桥"。故选G。
51．考查动词。句意：为防止对湿地和草原的破坏，在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁。根据语境可知，"To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands"表示"为了防止对湿地和草原的破坏"，"prevent"是动词，意为"防止；阻止"，故选K。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：唐古拉火车站海拔5000多米，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。根据语境可知，"Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level"表示"位于海拔 5000 多米的地方"，"Located"是过去分词，意为"位于"，在这里作状语，说明唐古拉站的位置。故选B。
53．考查动词语态。句意：为了使人们保持健康，建造了几个制氧站。根据语境可知，"Several oxygen-making stations were constructed to make people stay healthy."意思是"建造了几个制氧站来让人们保持健康"，"constructed"是动词"construct"的过去分词，意为"建造；构造"，这里用被动语态。故选A。
54．考查名词。句意：当我们经过措那湖时，一种自豪感和成就感涌上心头。根据语境可知，"a sense of pride and achievements wells up in my heart"表示"一种自豪感和成就感在我心中涌起"，"achievements"是名词"achievement"的复数形式，意为"成就；功绩"，与 "pride"并列，符合语境。故选J。
55．考查动词。句意：我们沿着湖筑了一道20公里长的墙，以保护湖不受建筑垃圾的污染。根据语境可知，"to protect the lake from construction waste"表示"保护湖泊免受建筑垃圾的影响"，"protect...from..."是固定短语，意为"保护……免受……"，"protect"是动词，意为"保护"。故选D。
56．考查形容词。句意：这确实是一条非凡的"空中铁路"。根据语境可知，"It truly is an extraordinary "Sky Railway"." 表示"它确实是一条非凡的‘天路'"，"extraordinary"是形容词，意为"非凡的；特别的"，修饰"Sky Railway"。故选H。
【答案】57．passed；58．continuing；59．of；60．management；61．Based；62．categories；63．which；64．mainly；65．are spread；66．It
【知识点】动词现在分词；一般过去时；说明文；简单介词；社会文化类；it；based；categories；continue；mainly；management；of；pass；which
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录这一事件，介绍了中国传统的茶的种类、制作技艺、习俗和重要意义。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，介词，名词，定语从句，副词，时态，语态，主谓一致以及代词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。
57．句意："中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗"项目通过联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第17届常会评审。pass，通过，动词。空处作句子的谓语，结合上一句中的"was added"可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填passed。
58．句意：中国共有43项非物质文化遗产列入名录，继续成为世界上被列入非物质文化遗产最多的国家。continue，继续，动词。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用continue的现在分词形式。故填continuing。
59．句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、手工加工、饮茶和分享等方面的知识、技艺和习俗。动词短语consist of意为"由……组成，包含"。故填of。
60．句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、手工加工、饮茶和分享等方面的知识、技艺和习俗。manage， 管理/经营/设法做到/处理，动词。空处作concerning的宾语，空前有定冠词the，manage的名词形式management符合题意，意为"管理"，是不可数名词。故填management。
61．句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶叶生产者开发了六种茶：绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。base，名词（基础/底部/基地/大本营/基数），形容词（卑鄙的/低劣的），动词（以…为基础）。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，固定短语be based on意为"以……为基础"，因此用过去分词based作方式状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Based。
62．句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶叶生产者开发了六种茶：绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。category，种类/类别，名词。空处作developed的宾语，空前有six，应用其复数形式。故填categories。
63．句意：此外，还有其他品种，其中包含花茶，以及2000多种茶产品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词varieties作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
64．句意：传统的制茶技艺主要集中在中国的四大茶区。main，主要的，形容词。空处修饰动词concentrated，应用副词mainly，意为"主要地"，作状语。故填mainly。
65．句意：然而，相关的习俗在全国各地传播，并由多个民族群体共享。spread，传播，动词。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，spread"传播"和主语practices之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are spread。
66．句意：它也是社交和婚礼、祭祀等仪式的重要组成部分。空处作主语，结合前后文可知，空处指代前一句中提到的Tea，应用代词it，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填It。
67．【答案】Allen was really worried. He was sure that Mom would be angry when she knew what happened to her beloved gown. He stood there for a few seconds to calm himself down and then he decided to wash it in clean water by hand. Although he tried very hard to get rid of the pink color, it was still there. Staring at the damaged dress with a sinking heart, Allen even thought about hiding it up. Eventually, he persuaded himself to tell Mom the truth.
Holding the pink dress, Allen nervously entered Mom's bedroom. Sensing Allen's uneasiness,