外研版 选必四 Unit6 Reading and Thinking语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：The call of the Challenger 作者： 文章类型：记叙文，同时具有说明文和议论文的特点。主题/中心思想：这篇文章通过叙述和说明挑战者号的事件，表达了对人类太空探索精神的赞美和对牺牲者的纪念，同时也提出了对人类继续追求太空探索的呼吁，是一种结合了记叙、说明和议论的综合性文章。
二、文本结构与内容分析 1.整体结构：整体来看，文章的结构清晰，从引入主题到详细叙述事件，再到分析影响、纪念反思，最后得出结论并发出呼吁，形成了一个完整的叙述流程。这种结构有助于读者逐步理解文章的内容，感受作者的情感，并最终接受文章的中心思想。2.段落分布：第一段（引入段落）：引入太空探索的主题，提到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月的历史事件，以及这一事件对人类太空旅行观念的影响。第二段（事件叙述1）：描述挑战者号航天飞机的发射和爆炸事件，以及这一事件对全球观众的心理影响。第三段（事件叙述2）：通过一个学生的回忆，进一步描述挑战者号爆炸的情景，以及这一事件对个人和社会的冲击。第四段（影响分析）：分析挑战者号事故对太空计划的具体影响，包括太空梭飞行的暂停和航天飞机部件的重新设计。第五段（纪念与反思）：纪念挑战者号的宇航员，反思这一悲剧对个人和社会的意义，以及它如何激励新一代的宇航员和科学家。第六段（结论与呼吁）：总结挑战者号事故的长远影响，强调继续太空探索的重要性，并发出继续追求太空探索的呼吁。3.逻辑关系：因果关系：本文的逻辑关系主要包括以下几种： 挑战者号航天飞机的爆炸导致了太空梭飞行的暂停，以及对航天飞机部件的重新设计。 Christa McAuliffe的参与和她的教师身份使得挑战者号的发射受到了特别的关注。 挑战者号的牺牲激发了新一代对太空探索的兴趣和热情。时间顺序：文章按照时间顺序叙述了从尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月到挑战者号发射、爆炸，再到后续影响的一系列事件。对比关系： 挑战者号发射前的兴奋与期待与发射后的震惊和悲痛形成鲜明对比。 太空探索的危险性与人类对太空探索的坚定决心形成对比。4.衔接与连贯： 文章按照时间顺序组织内容，从尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月开始，到挑战者号的发射和爆炸，再到后续的影响和恢复，形成了一条清晰的时间线。 文章从对挑战者号发射的期待和兴奋，到爆炸后的震惊和悲痛，再到对宇航员牺牲的纪念和对太空探索的坚持，情感的连贯性使得文章更加引人入胜。 文章的结论部分呼应了开头提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月事件，强调了人类对太空探索的不懈追求，形成了一个完整的闭环。5.段落功能：文章通过叙述挑战者号航天飞机的发射、爆炸及其对太空计划和公众心理的影响，纪念了在事故中牺牲的宇航员，并强调了人类对太空探索的不懈追求。各段落分别承担引入主题、叙述事件、分析影响、纪念牺牲者和发出继续探索的呼吁等功能，共同构建了一个连贯、有说服力的叙述，以激励新一代继续追求太空探索的梦想。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景：挑战者号航天飞机灾难是1986年1月28日发生的一起重大航天事故，当时挑战者号在发射后不久即发生爆炸，导致机上七名宇航员全部遇难。这一事件不仅震惊了全世界，也对美国的太空探索计划产生了深远影响。挑战者号的失事凸显了太空探索的高风险性，同时也激发了人们对航天安全和技术创新的重视。事故后，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）进行了彻底的调查和改革，以防止类似悲剧再次发生。挑战者号的宇航员们被视为太空探索的烈士，他们的牺牲提醒着人们在追求科学和探索未知领域时必须谨慎和坚持。背景知识的运用：文章运用背景知识来增强对挑战者号航天飞机事故的叙述，通过结合历史事件、技术细节、文化象征、教育意义和情感共鸣，不仅让读者了解事故的经过和影响，还强调了太空探索的重要性和持续探索的必要性，以此激发公众对航天事业的关注和支持。写作意图：作者通过纪念挑战者号航天飞机事故中的遇难者，旨在教育和启示公众，强调太空探索的重要性和持续探索的必要性，同时提醒人们在追求科学进步的过程中重视安全和责任。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度：文章以崇敬和缅怀的情感纪念挑战者号航天飞机事故中的遇难宇航员，同时表达了对太空探索者勇气和奉献精神的钦佩，尽管事故带来了悲痛和反思，但作者强调了从失败中学习的重要性，并鼓舞人们保持对太空探索的热情和决心，展现出对未来科学进步的希望和积极态度。价值取向：文章的价值取向强调了对科学探索的推崇、对宇航员勇气和牺牲精神的尊敬、对安全责任的重视、对教育启发的倡导、对坚持不懈精神的鼓励、对人类团结合作的期望，以及对未来发展的乐观展望，同时倡导通过纪念和传承来激励后代继续追求太空探索的梦想。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持：文章通过引用具体的历史事件、技术细节、个人经历、文化象征、教育意义以及对未来的展望，为其所强调的太空探索的重要性、对遇难者的纪念、以及持续探索的必要性提供了清晰的论点和有力的证据支持，使得文章的主张既逻辑严密又具有深刻的说服力。文章有效性与局限性：文章在情感共鸣、教育意义、启发思考和信息丰富性方面表现出有效性，通过纪念挑战者号事件中的宇航员牺牲，教育新一代并鼓励对太空探索未来的思考，同时提供了关于该事件的全面信息；然而，其局限性可能在于视角可能主要聚焦于美国，技术细节对非专业读者来说较难理解，情感上可能过于强调悲剧而忽视其他积极方面，且可能未能充分反映当代太空探索的最新进展。文章与现实的联系：文章通过回顾挑战者号航天飞机的悲剧，将历史事件与现实相联系，强调了太空探索在教育中的重要角色，同时提醒人们在现实中对航天事业的持续关注和投入，以及对安全和科学精神的重视，从而激发公众对太空探索持续的兴趣和热情，推动科技教育的发展。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系：文章通过时间顺序、因果关系、转折、并列、递进以及条件关系等显性逻辑关系，清晰地组织了内容，展示了从挑战者号航天飞机的发射、爆炸到其对人类太空探索影响的全过程，强调了从历史事件中吸取教训的重要性，并以此激励人们继续追求太空探索的梦想。隐性推理与假设：文章中隐含的推理与假设可能包括：假设通过纪念挑战者号事件能够提升公众对航天事业重要性的认识，推理出对历史悲剧的反思可以促进未来航天安全措施的改进；假设教育能够激发新一代对太空探索的兴趣和热情，从而推理出纪念活动和教育结合可以培养未来的科学家和工程师；以及假设持续的太空探索对于人类的发展至关重要，推理出无论遇到何种困难，人类都应该继续向太空进发。这些隐性推理和假设推动了文章的论述，并强化了其核心观点。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点：文章采用了叙述性和描述性的语言风格，结合情感表达和启发性思考，以正式、逻辑和准确的方式呈现了挑战者号事件，同时融入了对遇难者的哀悼和对太空探索精神的赞美，激励性地呼吁持续的太空探索，整体上形成了一种既严谨又富有感染力的语言特点。句式与句型分析：文章运用了复合句、并列句、被动句、疑问句、祈使句、强调句和条件句等多种句式与句型，以表达复杂的逻辑关系、增强叙述连贯性、突出事件本身、引导读者思考、传达作者意图、强调关键信息、展示假设情况的影响，并增加叙述的真实性，这些句式和句型的多样化使用丰富了文章的表达，提升了说服力和感染力。文体特征：这篇文章融合了记叙、说明、议论、抒情和激励等文体特征，以正式和逻辑严谨的方式叙述挑战者号事件，同时传达作者对太空探索的情感态度和价值观，旨在教育和启发读者，强调从历史中学习并持续追求科学探索的重要性。修辞手法：文章运用了多种修辞手法，如比喻、拟人、对比和排比等，增强了语言的表现力，使叙述更加生动形象，情感更加丰富动人，有效地突出了太空探索的艰辛与伟大，以及挑战者号事件给人们带来的深刻启示。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式：文章通过运用时间顺序叙事、形象描述、情感融入、深入议论和多样修辞等写作技巧，结合清晰的逻辑结构、直接与间接引语、强调突出以及过渡衔接等表达方式，成功地将信息、情感和观点融合，使文章内容不仅条理清晰、逻辑严密，而且情感丰富、感染力强，有效地与读者沟通并传达了深刻的主题思想。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思：文章让我深刻理解到太空探索的复杂性和必要性，反思了挑战者号事故带来的教训，强调了从失败中学习、重视安全和责任的重要性，并认识到纪念和教育在传承探索精神中的作用，激励我们支持和关注太空探索，以推动人类不断向前发展。批判性思维与反思：通过批判性思维，我对文章中关于挑战者号事故的叙述进行了事实核查，评估了作者论点的合理性，反思了个人可能存在的偏见，并从多角度审视了事件的影响，同时思考了如何将教训应用于未来，这增强了我对太空探索复杂性的理解，并激发了对科学进展和安全责任重要性的深入思考。
课文语言表达梳理 一、情感描述相关表达1. Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths...o用法：表达紧张和担忧o替换表达：“Countless viewers anxiously observed the initial lunar touchdown on their black-and-white screens...”2. Tragically, she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida, and all seven astronauts on board were killed.o用法：表达悲痛和哀悼o替换表达：“Unfortunately, she failed to return to teaching as the spacecraft exploded shortly after departure in Florida, causing the death of all seven crew members.”3.The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.o用法：表达震惊和难以置信o替换表达: “People worldwide were astounded, having believed the space flight to be as safe as flying commercially.”
二、行为描写相关表达4. Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets...O 用法：描述大规模的观看行为。O 替换表达：Countless viewers tuned in to witness the first moon landing on their monochrome TVs...5 ...their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was...O 用法：描述紧张和担忧的行为O 替换表达：...their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was...6. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky...O 用法：描述灾难发生时的观察行为O 替换表达：Just over a minute post-launch, observers noticed an unusual flash of red and orange in the sky...
三、结果与反思相关表达7. The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.O 用法：描述对事件的反思O 替换表达：The loss of Challenger serves as a poignant reminder of our enduring quest to explore the cosmos, regardless of the challenges that lie ahead....inspiring us to join them in humanity’s greatest journey of exploration and discovery.O 用法：表达激励和期待O 替换表达:“...motivating us to carry on their legacy in the ongoing odyssey of discovery and innovation.”
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis: The call of the Challenger
1. Main IdeaThis article, through the narration and explanation of the Challenger incident, expresses praise for the human spirit of space exploration and commemorates those who sacrificed their lives. It also calls for humanity to continue pursuing space exploration, making it a comprehensive piece that combines narration, explanation, and argumentation.
2. Paragraph Summaries and FunctionsPara 1.Summary: To set the context and introduce the topic. By reviewing the historical event of Neil Armstrong's moon landing, it provides a background for space exploration and leads into the subject of the Challenger incident.Function: Sets the emotional tone of uncertainty and introduces the author's introverted personality.Para 2.Summary: It describes the launch and explosion of the Challenger space shuttle, as well as the psychological impact of the event on the global audience, providing the reader with basic information about the incident.Function: To narrate the Challenger event. Para 3.Summary: Through a student's recollection, it further describes the scene of the Challenger explosion, enhancing the realism and emotional impact of the event.Function: To deepen the impact of the event. Para 4.Summary: It discusses the specific effects of the Challenger accident on the space program, including the suspension of space shuttle flights and the redesign of space shuttle components, demonstrating the impact of the event on the practice of space exploration.Function: To analyze the impact of the event.
3. Key Details from Each Paragraph1.Para 1.oEver since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel.oMillions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong. oWith Armstrong’s now famous words “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”, what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.2.Para 2.oGuided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today’s average school students, all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.3.Para 3.oThe world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.oInstantaneously, excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure4.Para 4.oWe had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.oThen, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke.5.Para 5.oBut there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery. 6.Para 6. The memory of those seven will live forever, written in the stars, inspiring us to join them in humanity’s greatest journey of exploration and discovery.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
外研版Book4Unit 6 Reading and Thinking: The call of the Challenger
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
A. Summarize the article in 1–2 sentences or choose the best summary.
The article commemorates the Challenger disaster, emphasizing its impact on space exploration and the enduring inspiration it provides to pursue the stars despite the tragedy.
“The article uses a ________ to depict the emotional changes of the writer, showing their journey from ________ in the wake of the Challenger disaster to ________ in the pursuit of future space exploration."
Answer: “The article uses a narrative progression to depict the emotional changes of the writer, showing their journey from despair in the wake of the Challenger disaster to determination in the pursuit of future space exploration.”
目的： 该问题旨在于强化对文章细节的理解；检查读者是否能够识别和回忆文章中的具体信息。促进对文章结构和语言特征的认识
阅读技能目标：
识别并总结文章的主要观点或论点。
基于文章内容进行逻辑推理，得出结论。。
A. Draw a mood chart that shows the writer’s emotional state in the text. Label the reasons why he felt this way.
Answer: The author's emotions shift from initial excitement and anticipation for the Challenger mission to profound shock and grief following the disaster, ultimately transitioning to a sense of determination and inspiration drawn from the astronauts' enduring legacy.
What was the significance of the first lunar landing mentioned in the article
Answer: The first lunar landing was significant because it marked a giant leap for mankind, showing that what was once considered impossible could be achieved with human effort and technology.
What was the outcome of the Challenger disaster, and how did it affect the space shuttle program
Answer: The outcome of the Challenger disaster was the suspension of the space shuttle program for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated. After the investigation and redesign of some components, the program resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
目的： 该问题帮助学生能够理解文章中描述的关键事件及其重要性。鼓励学生分析文章内容，识别作者的意图和文章的深层含义。促进批判性思维：引导学生批判性地思考文章中提出的观点，形成自己的见解。分析作者的情绪状态，并探讨其背后的原因。鼓励学生探索情感背景。
阅读技能目标：
通过这些问题和目标，学生可以提高他们的阅读理解能力，同时发展批判性思维和分析技能。这些问题还鼓励学生深入思考文章的内容，而不仅仅是表面理解，从而促进更高层次的学习和思考。
What message does the article convey about the legacy of the Challenger astronauts
The article conveys that the legacy of the Challenger astronauts is one of inspiration and sacrifice, reminding us to continue reaching for the stars despite the challenges and risks involved in space exploration.
目的： 该问题考察学生对具体事件及其影响的理解。能够评价文章的论点和证据，形成自己的见解。例如，评价作者对挑战者号宇航员遗产的看法。
阅读技能目标：
能识别文本中的因果关系。
理解特定经历如何影响人物的看法和态度。
What does the phrase "reaching for the stars" symbolize in the context of the article
In the context of the article, the phrase "reaching for the stars" symbolizes the human aspiration to explore and discover, despite the vast distances and the dangers involved. It encourages us to pursue our dreams and goals with determination and courage.
目的：通过语境分析，学生能够根据上下文理解词汇和短语的含义。例如，理解“reaching for the stars”在文章中的象征意义。
阅读技能目标：
能通过上下文语境推断词汇和短语的含义
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
(Table Fill-in Exercise) Analyze the emotion impact and author’s intention through the text.
Aspect of the Text Emotion Impact Author’s Intention
Description of the disaster Shock and sadness To convey the gravity of the event and its emotional impact on the public
Reaction of the World Disbelief and fear To show how the disaster changed public perception of space travel
Resumption of Space Flights Hope and determination To highlight human resilience and the continuation of space exploration despite setbacks
目的： 该问题旨在通过一个结构化的方式，帮助学生更全面、更深入地理解文章的内容和作者的写作意图。
阅读技能目标：
设计这道表格题的阅读技能目标是通过分析和整合文本信息，提高学生的细节理解、推理判断、信息整合和批判性思维等综合阅读能力。
A. Complete the sentence based on the text:
1. The author describes the world's reaction to the Challenger disaster to _______ .
2. The inclusion of a student's memory serves to _______.
3. The mention of the space shuttle program resuming is meant to _______ .
4. The author ends by _______ to _______ .
Answers:
convey the shock and disbelief of the public.
2. personalize the impact of the disaster.
3. inspire hope and show perseverance.
4. honoring the Challenger crew; inspire future generations to continue exploring space.
B. Write a short paragraph summarizing the Emotional Tone of the Fifth and Sixth Paragraphs and analyse how does it reflect the author's intention
Answer: The emotional tone of the fifth and sixth paragraphs is one of resilience and inspiration. The author uses this tone to highlight the determination and courage of the space community in the face of adversity. By describing the resumption of space flights and the lasting legacy of the Challenger crew, the author reflects an intent to inspire hope and a continued commitment to space exploration. This tone serves to uplift the reader and emphasize the enduring spirit of human exploration.
目的： 总结段落基调题目的设计目的在于帮助学生识别和理解文本中的情感色彩和语气，从而更深入地把握作者的写作风格和意图。
阅读技能目标：
这道题旨在帮助学生发展全面的阅读能力，不仅能够理解文本的表面意义，还能够深入理解文本的深层含义和作者的意图，从而提高他们的批判性思维、分析能力和综合素养。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
Analyze the timeline structure in the article. How does it help develop the writer’s emotional journey
Answer: The article employs a chronological structure to guide readers through an emotional journey from the Challenger disaster, personal recollections, its aftermath, the resumption of the program, to the lasting impact. This structure not only sequences the events but also deepens the emotional engagement, transitioning from shock and grief to recovery and inspiration, culminating in admiration for the astronauts and motivation for future exploration.
目的： 该问题侧重于结构分析，帮助学生理解时间线结构如何支持情感发展的呈现。
阅读技能目标：
理解结构元素（如时间线）如何影响叙事。
认识到结构是如何体现情感变化的。
A. Write an essay discussing how the writer’s emotional journey from shock to motivation reflects the process of adjusting one’s mood when facing difficult situations
Answer: (Example response)
The narrative in "The Call of the Challenger" traces an emotional arc from shock to motivation, mirroring how people cope with hardship. It starts with the collective shock of the disaster, reflecting our instinctive reaction to tragedy. This evolves into a period of reflection and mourning, akin to the stages of grief. The writer then shifts towards determination, inspired by the space program's resilience, symbolizing humanity's will to persevere. The story concludes with motivation, using the Challenger crew's memory to inspire continued pursuit of exploration, demonstrating resilience's power to fuel progress.
B. Discuss with your group how the writer’s emotional changes from morning to evening show their adaptation to high school. Can you relate to these changes in your own experiences
Answer: (Group discussion answer)
Relating the writer's emotional journey in "The Call of the Challenger" to personal experiences reveals a common pattern of reaction to adversity: initial shock and disbelief, followed by a period of reflection and mourning, a shift towards determination, and finally, drawing motivation and inspiration from the experience. This progression mirrors how many of us navigate through challenging times, using the memory of past achievements or the stories of others as a catalyst to overcome obstacles and continue striving towards our goals, demonstrating the resilience and adaptability of the human spirit.
目的： 该问题帮助学生理解文章中的情绪波动，强化情感发展的理解。
阅读技能目标：
追踪并理解情绪变化及其原因。
综合信息描述情感发展过程。
A. Match the transition with its purpose:
Transition Purpose:
1. "Tragically, she never returned to her ..." A. To personalize the event and evoke an emotional response.
2. "I can remember that day so clearly..." B. To show the resilience and determination to continue space exploration.
3. "Following the shock of the Challenger disaster..." C. To abruptly shift from anticipation to the harsh reality of the disaster.
Answer:1 – C 2 – A 3 – B
B. Discuss how transitions in stories help readers follow a character’s emotional changes. Provide examples from the article.
Answer:
Transitions in "The Call of the Challenger" guide readers through an emotional journey. They begin with the shock of the disaster, shift to personal impact through a student's account, and progress to a collective resolve to continue space exploration. This structure highlights resilience and motivation, turning tragedy into inspiration for future endeavors.
目的： 该问题帮助学生识别文章中的过渡句并理解其作用，增强文章结构的理解。
阅读技能目标：
识别过渡句及其叙事目的。
理解过渡句如何增强文章的逻辑流畅性。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. Analyze the impact of the Challenger disaster on the future of space exploration. Was the continuation of the space shuttle program justified
The Challenger disaster had a profound impact on the future of space exploration by highlighting the need for safety and reliability. The continuation of the space shuttle program was justified as it demonstrated resilience and a commitment to learning from past mistakes.
B.Evaluate the role of Christa McAuliffe in the Challenger mission and discuss how her participation might have influenced public interest in space exploration.
Christa McAuliffe's role in the Challenger mission was significant as she represented the potential for civilians to participate in space exploration. Her participation might have influenced public interest by making space exploration more relatable and accessible.
目的： 该问题鼓励学生利用批判性思维分析与评价问题，通过逻辑推理和证据分析形成自己的见解。
阅读技能目标：
分析文本，识别作者的假设、偏见和观点，并评估其有效性。
将批判性思维应用于实际情境，解决实际问题或进行创造性思考。
A. Propose a plan to commemorate the Challenger astronauts and inspire future generations to pursue careers in space exploration.
A plan to commemorate the Challenger astronauts could include an annual day of remembrance, educational programs in schools, and the establishment of a memorial or museum exhibit. This could inspire future generations by highlighting their bravery and contributions to space exploration.
Design an educational program that uses the Challenger disaster as a case study to teach students about the importance of safety and preparedness in space missions.
An educational program using the Challenger disaster as a case study could involve students in analyzing the causes of the disaster, discussing safety protocols, and exploring how engineering and design can prevent future accidents.
目的： 该问题旨在于培养学生的问题解决能力，让他们在复杂情况下能做出明智的选择。
阅读技能目标：
通过行为和情感变化分析评估具体事件。
Argue for or against the idea that space exploration should be a global effort rather than a competitive endeavor among nations.
Space exploration should be a global effort to maximize resources, share knowledge, and promote international cooperation. However, competitive endeavors among nations can also drive innovation and achieve rapid progress in space technology.Debate whether manned space missions are necessary or if robotic missions could achieve the same goals with less risk.
目的： 该任务要求学生将文章中的见解与个人经验相结合，增强个人反思与创造性写作能力。
阅读技能目标：
将文本中的知识与个人经验相结合。
进行自我反思，并发展创造性写作能力。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：The Call of the Challenger
分支 1：Feelings (e.g., tragically,went into shock)
分支 2：Actions (e.g., watch first lunar landing...)
分支 3：Reflections (e.g., inspiring us to join them...)
A、情感描述相关表达1. Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths...o用法：表达紧张和担忧o替换表达：“Countless viewers anxiously observed the initial lunar touchdown on their black-and-white screens...”2. Tragically, she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida, and all seven astronauts on board were killed.o用法：表达悲痛和哀悼o替换表达：“Unfortunately, she failed to return to teaching as the spacecraft exploded shortly after departure in Florida, causing the death of all seven crew members.”3. The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.o用法：表达震惊和难以置信o替换表达: “People worldwide were astounded, having believed the space flight to be as safe as flying commercially.”
B、行为描写相关表达4. Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets...O 用法：描述大规模的观看行为。O 替换表达：Countless viewers tuned in to witness the first moon landing on their monochrome TVs...5 ...their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was...O 用法：描述紧张和担忧的行为O 替换表达：...their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was...6. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky...O 用法：描述灾难发生时的观察行为O 替换表达：Just over a minute post-launch, observers noticed an unusual flash of red and orange in the sky...
C、结果与反思相关表达7. The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.O 用法：描述对事件的反思O 替换表达：The loss of Challenger serves as a poignant reminder of our enduring quest to explore the cosmos, regardless of the challenges that lie ahead....inspiring us to join them in humanity’s greatest journey of exploration and discovery.O 用法：表达激励和期待O 替换表达:“...motivating us to carry on their legacy in the ongoing odyssey of discovery and innovation.”
目的：通过整理文章中的情感、行为和反思表达，帮助学生形成语义网络，内化语言。
2. 迁移应用：
Write a reflective piece on the Challenger disaster using the following expressions: "excited and optimistic," "terror and failure," "cast a shadow on people's hearts."
"On the day of the Challenger launch, we were all filled with excitement and optimism, watching an ordinary teacher step into the shuttle. Little did we know that within minutes, our hopes would turn into terror and failure as the shuttle exploded, casting a shadow on people's hearts."
目标：帮助学生运用情感相关词汇和表达自己的思考。
Role-play as a reporter covering the Challenger disaster. Use the following sentence patterns: "Tragically," "The world went into shock," "It was the most disastrous space accident ever."
"Tragically, the Challenger shuttle exploded shortly after takeoff, killing all seven astronauts on board. The world went into shock as the most disastrous space accident ever unfolded before our eyes."
目标：鼓励学生运用情感描写的表达，进行角色扮演。
C. Discuss the ethical implications of space exploration, using the article's theme of sacrifice and exploration. Discussion Points:
“How do we balance the risks of space exploration with the potential benefits ”
“What responsibilities do we have to ensure the safety of astronauts and the public ”
“The sacrifice of the Challenger astronauts reminds us of the importance of safety in space exploration. We must continue to reach for the stars, but we also have a responsibility to ensure that our endeavors are as safe as possible.”
目标：通过写作巩固结果与反思相关表达，拓展学生的输出能力。
目的： 该任务旨在让学生参与到文章内容中，促进他们的批判性思维，并将从“挑战者号”灾难中学到的教训应用到更广泛的情境中。
阅读技能目标：
扩展与情感、行为相关的词汇。
将新词汇应用于语境中以增强理解与表达能力。Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
外研版 选必四 Unit 6 Reading and Thinking: The call of the Challenger
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
A. Summarize the article in 1–2 sentences or choose the best summary.
B.“The article uses a ________ to depict the emotional changes of the writer, showing their journey from ________ in the wake of the Challenger disaster to ________ in the pursuit of future space exploration."
A. Draw a mood chart that shows the writer’s emotional state in the text. Label the reasons why he felt this way.
What was the significance of the first lunar landing mentioned in the article
What was the outcome of the Challenger disaster, and how did it affect the space shuttle program
What message does the article convey about the legacy of the Challenger astronauts
What does the phrase "reaching for the stars" symbolize in the context of the article
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
(Table Fill-in Exercise) Analyze the emotion impact and author’s intention through the text.
Aspect of the Text Emotion Impact Author’s Intention
Description of the disaster
Reaction of the World
Resumption of Space Flights
A. Complete the sentence based on the text:
1. The author describes the world's reaction to the Challenger disaster to _______ .
2. The inclusion of a student's memory serves to _______.
3. The mention of the space shuttle program resuming is meant to _______ .
4. The author ends by _______ to _______ .
B. Write a short paragraph summarizing the Emotional Tone of the Fifth and Sixth Paragraphs and analyse how does it reflect the author's intention
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
Analyze the timeline structure in the article. How does it help develop the writer’s emotional journey
A. Write an essay discussing how the writer’s emotional journey from shock to motivation reflects the process of adjusting one’s mood when facing difficult situations
B. Discuss with your group how the writer’s emotional changes from morning to evening show their adaptation to high school. Can you relate to these changes in your own experiences
A. Match the transition with its purpose:
Transition Purpose:
1. "Tragically, she never returned to her ..." A. To personalize the event and evoke an emotional response.
2. "I can remember that day so clearly..." B. To show the resilience and determination to continue space exploration.
3. "Following the shock of the Challenger disaster..." C. To abruptly shift from anticipation to the harsh reality of the disaster.
B. Discuss how transitions in stories help readers follow a character’s emotional changes. Provide examples from the article.
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. Analyze the impact of the Challenger disaster on the future of space exploration. Was the continuation of the space shuttle program justified
Evaluate the role of Christa McAuliffe in the Challenger mission and discuss how her participation might have influenced public interest in space exploration.
A. Propose a plan to commemorate the Challenger astronauts and inspire future generations to pursue careers in space exploration.
Design an educational program that uses the Challenger disaster as a case study to teach students about the importance of safety and preparedness in space missions.
Argue for or against the idea that space exploration should be a global effort rather than a competitive endeavor among nations.
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：The Call of the Challenger
分支 1：Feelings (e.g., tragically,went into shock)
分支 2：Actions (e.g., watch first lunar landing...)
分支 3：Reflections (e.g., inspiring us to join them...)
A、情感描述相关表达
B、行为描写相关表达
C、结果与反思相关表达
2. 迁移应用：
Write a reflective piece on the Challenger disaster using the following expressions: "excited and optimistic," "terror and failure," "cast a shadow on people's hearts."
Role-play as a reporter covering the Challenger disaster. Use the following sentence patterns: "Tragically," "The world went into shock," "It was the most disastrous space accident ever."
C. Discuss the ethical implications of space exploration, using the article's theme of sacrifice and exploration. Discussion Points:
“How do we balance the risks of space exploration with the potential benefits ”
“What responsibilities do we have to ensure the safety of astronauts and the public ”
