2026年春外研版八下 Unit 4 Helping out.同步词汇笔记（学案）
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| 名称 | 2026年春外研版八下 Unit 4 Helping out.同步词汇笔记（学案） |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-09 08:47:58 | ||
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外研版 八下 Unit 4 Helping out.同步词汇笔记
序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句
1 excuse v. 原谅；excuse me 劳驾 过去式：excused；过去分词：excused excuse n. 借口 1. excuse me 劳驾 2. excuse sb for sth 原谅某人某事 Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the library 劳驾，你能告诉我去图书馆的路吗？
2 purple adj. 紫色的 比较级：purpler；最高级：purplest 无 1. purple clothes 紫色的衣服 2. purple flower 紫色的花 She likes to wear purple dresses in summer. 她夏天喜欢穿紫色的连衣裙。
3 crayon n. 彩色蜡笔 复数：crayons 无 1. a box of crayons 一盒彩色蜡笔 2. draw with crayons 用蜡笔画画 My little sister has a lot of colourful crayons. 我的小妹妹有很多彩色蜡笔。
4 five-year-old adj. 五岁的 无 无 无 The five-year-old boy can sing many English songs. 这个五岁的男孩会唱很多英文歌。
5 sunshine n. 阳光 无 无 1. warm sunshine 温暖的阳光 2. in the sunshine 在阳光下 The cat is lying in the sunshine happily. 小猫正开心地躺在阳光下。
6 virus n. 病毒 复数：viruses 无 1. computer virus 电脑病毒 2. virus infection 病毒感染 We should wash hands often to keep away from viruses. 我们应该勤洗手远离病毒。
7 afford v. 买得起，付得起 过去式：afforded；过去分词：afforded 无 1. afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 2. can't afford 买不起 His family can't afford a new house in the city. 他家买不起城里的新房子。
8 disappointment n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧 复数：disappointments disappoint v. 使失望；disappointed adj. 失望的 1. to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 2. feel disappointment 感到失望 To our disappointment, the sports meeting was cancelled. 令我们失望的是，运动会被取消了。
9 X-ray n. X光检查 复数：X-rays 无 1. take an X-ray 拍X光片 2. X-ray machine X光机 The doctor asked him to take an X-ray of his leg. 医生让他拍一张腿部的X光片。
10 treatment n. 治疗，诊治；疗法 复数：treatments treat v. 治疗；对待 1. medical treatment 医疗 2. receive treatment 接受治疗 He is receiving treatment in the hospital these days. 这些天他正在医院接受治疗。
11 pocket n. 衣袋，口袋；pocket money 零花钱 复数：pockets 无 1. pocket money 零花钱 2. put in the pocket 放进衣袋 My parents give me some pocket money every month. 我父母每个月给我一些零花钱。
12 illness n. 病，疾病 复数：illnesses ill adj. 生病的 1. serious illness 重病 2. suffer from illness 患病 He missed a week of school because of a serious illness. 他因为重病缺了一周课。
13 wheelchair n. 轮椅 复数：wheelchairs 无 1. push a wheelchair 推轮椅 2. sit in a wheelchair 坐在轮椅上 The kind boy helped the old man push his wheelchair across the street. 这个善良的男孩帮老人推轮椅过马路。
14 public adj. 公众的，大众的；go public 公开，公之于众 无 public n. 公众 1. go public 公开 2. public place 公共场所 We should not speak loudly in public places. 我们在公共场所不应该大声说话。
15 mention v. 提到，说起，谈到 过去式：mentioned；过去分词：mentioned 无 1. mention sth 提到某事 2. mention sb 提到某人 She didn't mention her new job in the conversation. 她在对话里没提到她的新工作。
16 directly adv. 直接地 无 direct adj. 直接的；v. 指导 1. speak directly 直接说 2. go directly 直接去 You can go directly to the station from this road. 你可以从这条路直接去车站。
17 solution n. 解决，解决方法 复数：solutions solve v. 解决 1. solution to the problem 问题的解决方法 2. find a solution 找到解决方法 We need to find a good solution to this difficult problem. 我们需要找到这个难题的好的解决方法。
18 bottle n. 瓶子；a bottle of 一瓶 复数：bottles 无 1. a bottle of water 一瓶水 2. glass bottle 玻璃瓶 Please give me a bottle of orange juice. 请给我一瓶橙汁。
19 exam n. 考试 复数：exams examine v. 检查；考试 1. final exam 期末考试 2. pass the exam 通过考试 I hope I can pass the English exam this term. 我希望这学期能通过英语考试。
20 dialogue n. 对话，对白 复数：dialogues 无 1. make a dialogue 编对话 2. read the dialogue 读对话 We need to practice this dialogue with our partners. 我们需要和搭档练习这个对话。
21 flu n. 流行性感冒，流感 无 无 1. have the flu 患流感 2. prevent flu 预防流感 He had to stay in bed because he had the flu. 他因为患流感不得不卧床休息。
22 homeless adj. 无家可归的 无 home n. 家 1. homeless people 无家可归的人 2. help the homeless 帮助无家可归的人 Many volunteers give food to the homeless in winter. 冬天很多志愿者给无家可归的人送食物。
23 soldier n. 士兵，军人 复数：soldiers 无 1. army soldier 军人 2. brave soldier 勇敢的士兵 His elder brother is a soldier in the army. 他的哥哥是一名军人。
24 fireman n. 消防队员 复数：firemen fire n. 火；v. 着火 1. brave fireman 勇敢的消防员 2. fireman's uniform 消防服 The fireman saved three people from the burning house. 消防员从着火的房子里救出了三个人。
25 against prep. 反对 无 无 1. be against sth 反对某事 2. play against 对阵 Most of the students are against this plan. 大多数学生反对这个计划。
26 graduate v. 大学毕业 过去式：graduated；过去分词：graduated graduate n. 毕业生；graduation n. 毕业 1. graduate from college 大学毕业 2. graduate in 毕业于……专业 She will graduate from college next summer. 她明年夏天大学毕业。
27 college n. 大学；学院 复数：colleges 无 1. go to college 上大学 2. college student 大学生 His dream is to go to a famous college in Beijing. 他的梦想是去北京的一所名牌大学。
28 goodwill n. 好意，亲善，友善 无 无 1. goodwill gesture 友好的表示 2. with goodwill 带着好意 She always helps her classmates with goodwill. 她总是带着好意帮助同学。
29 warmth n. 温暖 无 warm adj. 温暖的 1. warmth of the sun 阳光的温暖 2. warmth of love 爱的温暖 We all felt the warmth of her kind smile. 我们都感受到了她友善笑容的温暖。
30 means n. 手段；方法；工具；by no means 绝不，一点儿都不 单复数同形 无 1. by no means 绝不 2. means of transport 交通工具 By no means should we give up our dreams easily. 我们绝不该轻易放弃梦想。
31 lucky adj. 运气好的，幸运的 比较级：luckier；最高级：luckiest luck n. 运气；luckily adv. 幸运地 1. be lucky to do sth 幸运做某事 2. lucky dog 幸运儿 She is lucky to get the last ticket to the concert. 她很幸运买到了音乐会的最后一张票。
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外研版 八下 Unit 4 Helping out.同步词汇笔记
序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句
1 excuse v. 原谅；excuse me 劳驾 过去式：excused；过去分词：excused excuse n. 借口 1. excuse me 劳驾 2. excuse sb for sth 原谅某人某事 Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the library 劳驾，你能告诉我去图书馆的路吗？
2 purple adj. 紫色的 比较级：purpler；最高级：purplest 无 1. purple clothes 紫色的衣服 2. purple flower 紫色的花 She likes to wear purple dresses in summer. 她夏天喜欢穿紫色的连衣裙。
3 crayon n. 彩色蜡笔 复数：crayons 无 1. a box of crayons 一盒彩色蜡笔 2. draw with crayons 用蜡笔画画 My little sister has a lot of colourful crayons. 我的小妹妹有很多彩色蜡笔。
4 five-year-old adj. 五岁的 无 无 无 The five-year-old boy can sing many English songs. 这个五岁的男孩会唱很多英文歌。
5 sunshine n. 阳光 无 无 1. warm sunshine 温暖的阳光 2. in the sunshine 在阳光下 The cat is lying in the sunshine happily. 小猫正开心地躺在阳光下。
6 virus n. 病毒 复数：viruses 无 1. computer virus 电脑病毒 2. virus infection 病毒感染 We should wash hands often to keep away from viruses. 我们应该勤洗手远离病毒。
7 afford v. 买得起，付得起 过去式：afforded；过去分词：afforded 无 1. afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 2. can't afford 买不起 His family can't afford a new house in the city. 他家买不起城里的新房子。
8 disappointment n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧 复数：disappointments disappoint v. 使失望；disappointed adj. 失望的 1. to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 2. feel disappointment 感到失望 To our disappointment, the sports meeting was cancelled. 令我们失望的是，运动会被取消了。
9 X-ray n. X光检查 复数：X-rays 无 1. take an X-ray 拍X光片 2. X-ray machine X光机 The doctor asked him to take an X-ray of his leg. 医生让他拍一张腿部的X光片。
10 treatment n. 治疗，诊治；疗法 复数：treatments treat v. 治疗；对待 1. medical treatment 医疗 2. receive treatment 接受治疗 He is receiving treatment in the hospital these days. 这些天他正在医院接受治疗。
11 pocket n. 衣袋，口袋；pocket money 零花钱 复数：pockets 无 1. pocket money 零花钱 2. put in the pocket 放进衣袋 My parents give me some pocket money every month. 我父母每个月给我一些零花钱。
12 illness n. 病，疾病 复数：illnesses ill adj. 生病的 1. serious illness 重病 2. suffer from illness 患病 He missed a week of school because of a serious illness. 他因为重病缺了一周课。
13 wheelchair n. 轮椅 复数：wheelchairs 无 1. push a wheelchair 推轮椅 2. sit in a wheelchair 坐在轮椅上 The kind boy helped the old man push his wheelchair across the street. 这个善良的男孩帮老人推轮椅过马路。
14 public adj. 公众的，大众的；go public 公开，公之于众 无 public n. 公众 1. go public 公开 2. public place 公共场所 We should not speak loudly in public places. 我们在公共场所不应该大声说话。
15 mention v. 提到，说起，谈到 过去式：mentioned；过去分词：mentioned 无 1. mention sth 提到某事 2. mention sb 提到某人 She didn't mention her new job in the conversation. 她在对话里没提到她的新工作。
16 directly adv. 直接地 无 direct adj. 直接的；v. 指导 1. speak directly 直接说 2. go directly 直接去 You can go directly to the station from this road. 你可以从这条路直接去车站。
17 solution n. 解决，解决方法 复数：solutions solve v. 解决 1. solution to the problem 问题的解决方法 2. find a solution 找到解决方法 We need to find a good solution to this difficult problem. 我们需要找到这个难题的好的解决方法。
18 bottle n. 瓶子；a bottle of 一瓶 复数：bottles 无 1. a bottle of water 一瓶水 2. glass bottle 玻璃瓶 Please give me a bottle of orange juice. 请给我一瓶橙汁。
19 exam n. 考试 复数：exams examine v. 检查；考试 1. final exam 期末考试 2. pass the exam 通过考试 I hope I can pass the English exam this term. 我希望这学期能通过英语考试。
20 dialogue n. 对话，对白 复数：dialogues 无 1. make a dialogue 编对话 2. read the dialogue 读对话 We need to practice this dialogue with our partners. 我们需要和搭档练习这个对话。
21 flu n. 流行性感冒，流感 无 无 1. have the flu 患流感 2. prevent flu 预防流感 He had to stay in bed because he had the flu. 他因为患流感不得不卧床休息。
22 homeless adj. 无家可归的 无 home n. 家 1. homeless people 无家可归的人 2. help the homeless 帮助无家可归的人 Many volunteers give food to the homeless in winter. 冬天很多志愿者给无家可归的人送食物。
23 soldier n. 士兵，军人 复数：soldiers 无 1. army soldier 军人 2. brave soldier 勇敢的士兵 His elder brother is a soldier in the army. 他的哥哥是一名军人。
24 fireman n. 消防队员 复数：firemen fire n. 火；v. 着火 1. brave fireman 勇敢的消防员 2. fireman's uniform 消防服 The fireman saved three people from the burning house. 消防员从着火的房子里救出了三个人。
25 against prep. 反对 无 无 1. be against sth 反对某事 2. play against 对阵 Most of the students are against this plan. 大多数学生反对这个计划。
26 graduate v. 大学毕业 过去式：graduated；过去分词：graduated graduate n. 毕业生；graduation n. 毕业 1. graduate from college 大学毕业 2. graduate in 毕业于……专业 She will graduate from college next summer. 她明年夏天大学毕业。
27 college n. 大学；学院 复数：colleges 无 1. go to college 上大学 2. college student 大学生 His dream is to go to a famous college in Beijing. 他的梦想是去北京的一所名牌大学。
28 goodwill n. 好意，亲善，友善 无 无 1. goodwill gesture 友好的表示 2. with goodwill 带着好意 She always helps her classmates with goodwill. 她总是带着好意帮助同学。
29 warmth n. 温暖 无 warm adj. 温暖的 1. warmth of the sun 阳光的温暖 2. warmth of love 爱的温暖 We all felt the warmth of her kind smile. 我们都感受到了她友善笑容的温暖。
30 means n. 手段；方法；工具；by no means 绝不，一点儿都不 单复数同形 无 1. by no means 绝不 2. means of transport 交通工具 By no means should we give up our dreams easily. 我们绝不该轻易放弃梦想。
31 lucky adj. 运气好的，幸运的 比较级：luckier；最高级：luckiest luck n. 运气；luckily adv. 幸运地 1. be lucky to do sth 幸运做某事 2. lucky dog 幸运儿 She is lucky to get the last ticket to the concert. 她很幸运买到了音乐会的最后一张票。
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