Unit 1 Nature in the balance Reading Language points 课件(共29张PPT)译林版（2019）必修第三册

(共29张PPT)
Unit 1 The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure
Language points
1. Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.(L1-L2)
2. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.(L2-L3)
3. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.(L5-L7)
4. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.(L7-L9)
5. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.（L10-L11）
6. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. (L14-L15)
7. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(L16)
8. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.(L19-L20)
9. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain.(L23-L24)
10. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.(L26-L27)
11. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(L27-L29)
12. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet” (L35-L38)
1. Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.(L1-L2)
欢迎来到亚马逊森林，这是一片绿色的海洋。
a sea of: a large amount of sth. 大片的，成片的
e.g. He looked down and saw a sea of smiling faces.
他往下看，看到一张张笑脸。
(be) alive with: be full of or covered with
充满，到处是(活的或动的东西)
e.g. The pond was alive with frogs. 池塘里都是青蛙。
2. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.(L2-L3)
作为世界上最大的雨林, 它在保护地球生态系统平衡方面扮演了重要的作用。
play a role in doing sth 在……方面扮演了重要的角色
e.g.
Hard work plays a significant role in achieving success.
努力在获得成功方面扮演了重要的角色。
3. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.(L5-L7)
亚马孙雨林面积约六百万平方千米，是中国国土面积的一半以上。
......roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze river.
大体上比长江还长一百千米。
倍数的表达方法：
A be + 倍数+the height/weight/length/size...of B
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体积是月球的49倍。
This classroom is three times the width of that one. 这间教室是那间教室的三倍宽。
② A be +倍数+as +adj/adv+as B
The table is four times as long as that one .
这张桌子是那张的四倍长。
③ A be +倍数 adj/adv比较级+than B A比B....几倍
China is 96 times larger than Korea.
中国比韩国大96倍。
4. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.(L7-L9)
亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河, 亚马孙河长接近6400千米, 比长江还长约100千米。
此句是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行项和非限制性定语从句之间用逗号隔开。
Prep. + relative pronouns (which/whom/whom)
The woman__________ you spoke is a teacher.
The city __________ he lives is far away.
This is Mr Green, _________ factory my father used to work.
to whom
in which
in whose
5. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.（L10-L11）
这些生态系统给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的生物多样性：世界上十个已知物种中就有一个可以在这里找到。
biodiversity n. 生物多样性
bio- : 生物的；与生物相关的
e.g. biochemist 生(物)化学家
biophysics 生物物理学
bioengineering 生物工程
6. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.(L14-L15)
雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。
variety n. (同一事物的)不同种类, 多种式样
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
[U] n.变化; 多样性; 多变性
e.g. We all need variety in our diet.
【链接】
vary v. 使某事物有变化, 改变某事物；相异, 不同, 有别
vary in ... 在……方面不同
vary with 随着……而变化
vary from … to …/vary between ... and ...
由……到……情况不等
various adj. 各种各样的, 不同的
【语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1) 这些花的颜色和大小都不相同，但它们都很漂亮。
The flowers ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ but all of them are beautiful.
2) 这家宾馆每个房间的费用由20美元到30美元不等。
The charge for a room in this hotel ________ ________ $20 ________ $30.
vary in colour and
size
varies between
and
7. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(L16)
之上是黑暗森林地面上的大量落叶。
介词短语above that放句首，句子用完全倒装。这样可以保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密。
e.g. Among these people _______ (be) his friend Jim.
他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
mass n. 团, 块, 堆
大量; 许多
(常指混乱的)一群; 一堆
【搭配】
a mass of / masses of 大量，许多
the mass of … ……中的大多数
the masses 群众
mass adj. 大批的, 广泛的
e.g. mass unemployment 大批失业
mass production 批量生产
8. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.(L19-L20)
雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，是各种生物的家园。
living adj. 活着的；活的
e.g. the finest living pianist
当世的最杰出的钢琴家
在使用的; 在实施的
e.g. living languages 现用语言
n. 生计; 谋生; 收入
e.g. What do you do for a living
你靠什么谋生？
生活方式
e.g. everyday living 日常生活
lively/alive/live
alive adj. 活着的 常作表语、后置定语或补语
His grandparents are still alive. （表语）
Who is the greatest poet alive （后置定语）
In the end, two brave soldiers caught the enemy general alive.（宾补）
lively adj. 活泼的, 活跃的, 生动的 作定语或表语
They fell into a lively discussion of the question.
Her story about her life in Africa was lively and interesting.
live v. 居住；过……的生活
adj. 活的 与dead相对, 一般只作定语
adj. & adv. 现场直播，现场表演
e.g.
The couple are living a peaceful life in the countryside.
This is a live tiger. Don’t get too close to it.
The club has live music most nights.
If the match is broadcast live on CCTV 5, we needn’t go to the stadium.
9. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain.(L23-L24)
尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存, 但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。
survive v. 生存; 存活, 继续存在
e.g. Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
幸存; 幸免于难; 艰难度过
e.g. The company managed to survive the crisis.
v. 比……活(或存在)的时间长
e.g. She survived her husband by six years.
10. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. (L26-L27)
相应地, 这些青蛙以昆虫为食, 而昆虫则吃树叶和水果。
in turn: 相应地, 转而, 反过来
e.g. Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits.
e.g. The children called out their names in turn. 依次
【拓展】
in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
take turns to do sth./ (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
e.g.
It will be in Tom’s turn to be on duty tomorrow.
We take turns making/to make dinner.
It's your turn to clean the blackboard.
by turns 交替; 轮流 (多指两个人或两个行为之间的交
替进行)
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It’s my turn _________ (deliver) a speech in public.
2) They took care of their sick father ______ turns.
3) Thus they have, ________________ (接着), become the most important animals on the planet.
4) People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this ____________ (反过来) creates more problems.
to deliver
by
in their turn
in turn
11. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(L27-L29)
当一只美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助它分解身体，并
将营养物质返回土壤。
1. break down: 使(分解)为; 使(变化)成
e.g. Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.
糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。
2.(机器或车辆)故障; 坏掉
e.g. The telephone system has broken down.
3.失败
e.g. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.
4.被搞垮; 跨掉
e.g. Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
5.破坏, 消除(尤指某种感情或态度)
e.g. break down sb.’s shyness 驱除某人的胆怯
12. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet” (L35-L38)
随着人类活动的影响不断增加， 濒危物种的名单越来越长， 这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
【句子结构分析】
as引导时间状语从句。从句中and连接两个并列句。
impact n. 作用, 影响 have an impact on sb./sth 对……有影响
e.g. the environmental impact of tourism
撞击, 冲撞
e.g. The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance.
v. 有影响, 有作用;冲击
impact on/upon 对……产生影响
e.g. Her father's death impacted greatly on her childhood years.
damage n.(常与to连用)
(有形的) 损害, 破坏, 损失
e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to the car.
(常与to连用)损害; 伤害
e.g. The damage to the bank is extremely serious.
(常用复数形式)(法院判定的)损害赔偿金
e.g. He was ordered to pay $1,500 damages to the person he had hurt.
v. 损害,伤害,毁坏,破坏
e.g. Many buildings were badly damaged by the fire.
Smoking seriously damages your health.
be home to... (Title)
a wide range of (Title)
judge from (Title)
a huge sea of (L1)
(be) alive with (L1)
play a ... role in (L2)
in length/width (L8)
be made up of (L17)
living things (L20)
a ... number of (L23)
是……的家园/所在地
各种各样的
从……判断
大量的，大片的
充满；到处都是
在……中起到……作用
长度/宽度(是……)
有……组成
生物
许多，大量
11.feed on (L24)
12.in turn (L26)
13.an army of (L27)
14.break down (L28)
15.breathe life into (L30)
16.be used for (L33)
17.due to (L35)
18.in danger of extinction(L36)
19.be left with (L37)
20.afford to do (L37)
以……为食
相应的；转而
一群；一批
使分解(为……)
给……带来起色/注入活力
被用来……
因为；由于
有灭绝的危险
被留下…
负担得起做……
Thank you!