Unit 1 A new start Grammar 课件

(共29张PPT)
Unit 1
Unit 1 A new start
Review: basic sentence structures
1. To review basic sentence structures
2. To learn to analyse the structure of the sentences from the text
3. To learn to finish a sentence in a right sentence structure
If you want to express your ideas clearly and completely, which one will you choose, using words or sentences
Sentences.
What makes a sentence
S (subject)
V (verb)
O (object)
P (predicative)
DO (direct object)
IO (indirect object)
C (object complement)
A (adverbial)
sentence
elements
Attr. (attributive)
Do you know the sentence elements
主语
谓语
宾语
直接宾语
间接宾语
宾语补足语
表语
状语
定语
句子是表达思想的基本单位，主要句子成分有主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(O)、补语(C)、状语(A)、表语(P)、定语(Attr.)等。
1. 主语subject: 指句子所谈论的主体。
如:
The teacher gave a speech.
Beijing is the capital of China.
句子成分
2. 谓语verb：谓语指谓语部分的主要动词，通常说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征和状态。
如: Many students join school clubs.
The weather is nice.
3. 宾语object：常指动作的对象。有的动词后面可以接两个宾语，常把其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语(indirect object), 表示物的宾语称为直接宾语(direct object)。
如: We should develop good study habits.
Jack offered me some helpful advice.
4. 补语complement：补语分为主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(object complement)，用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。
如: He is made chairman of the club.
Listening to music makes me relaxed.
5. 状语adverbial：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
如: Maggle plans her study carefully.
Clearly, talking to him is a mistake.
6. 表语predicative：系动词后面的成分，常说明主语的身份、特征和状态。
常见连系动词有be、become、feel、look、seem等。
如: It’s a lovely day.
I feel happy.
7. 定语attributive：修饰名词或代词。
如: I went to a large library yesterday.
He doesn’t have anything to do at the moment.
常见句子结构(sentence structures)有七种:
1. 主谓：主语+谓语(SV)，谓语一般是不及物动词。如：
The car stopped.
2. 主系表：主语+连系动词+表语(SVP)。如：
Mary seemed pleased.
3. 主谓宾：主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)。如：
I love ice cream.
句子结构
4. 主谓宾宾：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO)。
谓语是可跟双宾语的及物动词。如:
Tom gave me a present.
5. 主谓宾补：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语(SVOC)。如:
We consider the work challenging.
6. 主谓状：主语+谓语+状语(SVA)。如:
They work hard.
7. 主谓宾状: 主语+谓语+宾语+状语(SVOA)。如：
We like the film very much.
Analyse the following sentences.
1. They work hard.
主语
谓语
表语
2. The flower is dead.
主语
系动词
状语
【语境应用】
3. Plants need water.
主语
谓语
间宾
4. He gives me some seeds.
主语
谓语
宾语
直宾
5. We should keep the plants in the shade.
主语
谓语
宾语
6. We found her in tears.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾补
状语
Judge the sentence structures.
1) Everybody smiled.
2) The car caught fire.
3) Did the milk turn sour
4) He bought his wife a dress.
5) Roy found his new job rather boring.
6) Your brother got up at 10 o’clock.
7) I haven’t seen Daniel for long.
SV
SVO
SVP
SVOO
SVOC
SVA
SVOA
Match the sentences that share the same structures.
1. I saw a white-haired man.
2. I replied.
3. He gave me a smile.
4. I breathed deeply.
5. I looked at them in panic.
6. I was embarrassed.
7. His words made me a lot more relaxed!
a. He was friendly.
b. The exam made me quite nervous.
c. I passed him a book.
d. She agreed.
e. He wrote a long letter.
f. He talked loudly.
g. She looked after her sister patiently.
1-e 2-d 3-c 4-f 5-g 6-a 7-b
1
Check the basic sentence structures and look for more
sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
1. I saw a white-haired man.
2. I replied.
3. He gave me a smile.
4. I breathed deeply.
5. I looked at them in panic.
6. I was embarrassed.
7. His words made me a lot more relaxed.
主谓状 SVA
主谓 SV
主谓宾宾 SVOO
主(系)表 SVP
主谓宾状 SVOA
主谓宾 SVO
主谓宾补 SVOC
Look at the pictures and tell the story with your own ending. See how many different basic sentence structures you use.
2
Tom was passing through the classroom with a pile of books in his arms. He knocked a phone off the table by accident. But he was in such a hurry that he didn't notice it and just kept walking.
Soon, Tom heard a sound behind him. When he looked back, he saw the phone on the floor, broken.
He quickly picked it up and realized it was Lily's.
He felt really guilty and thought about how sad Lily would be when she found her MP3 broken. After a while, he made up his mind.
Tom went to find Lily and said, “Lily, I'm so sorry. I broke your phone by accident. I'll use my pocket money to buy you a new one.” Lily was a bit sad at first, but when she heard Tom's sincere apology, she smiled and said, “It's okay, Tom. I can see you're really sorry. We can fix it together, or maybe just use the money to buy a small gift for both of us. What matters is your honesty.” Tom was relieved and happy. They became better friends because of this incident, learning that honesty and forgiveness can make a friendship stronger.
基本句型：
一、主谓 SV
二、主(系)表 SP
三、主谓宾 SVO
四、主谓宾宾 S V IO DO
五、主谓宾补 SVOC
六、主谓状 SVA
七、主谓宾状 SVOA
1. The number of students will increase. ________
2. Raquel will watch the dogs tomorrow. ________
3. My brother always makes me laugh. ___________
4. The students didn't understand the teacher's words. ________
5. At 5:00 pm, most people leave their offices in the city. ________
6. The new building looks most impressive. ________
7. The old man tells the children stories about heroes. _________
8. I am writing her an e-mail. _________
Ⅰ. 写出下面句子中画线部分的句子成分。
主语
状语
宾语补足语
宾语
谓语
表语
直接宾语
间接宾语
Hackett, 15, is well known around his high school. 1. Living in Ireland for four years has given him a lot of important skills,
one of them being his ability to get along with others. “He is a funny kid, and 2. he always makes me laugh,” one of his friends said.
Ⅱ. 阅读下面短文，从方框内选出与画线部分相匹配的基本句
型（每项限用一次）。
a. 主谓 b. 主系表 c. 主谓宾 d. 主谓宾宾
e. 主谓宾补 f. 主谓状 g. 主谓宾状
d 主谓宾宾
e 主谓宾补
3. Growing up isn't the easiest thing for Hackett, but he has
turned the challenges to his advantage. When he was in fourth grade, 4. his family made a life-changing move from Australia to
Ireland. 5. He had to adapt to Irish culture and lifestyle gradually and make new friends and connections. The cheerful boy of wide interests has joined many clubs and 6. he performs well in his school.
a. 主谓 b. 主系表 c. 主谓宾 d. 主谓宾宾
e. 主谓宾补 f. 主谓状 g. 主谓宾状
b 主系表
c 主谓宾
g 主谓宾状
f 主谓
He is also an excellent soccer player and has travelled up and down the East Coast of America to play soccer.
“It makes me feel proud, knowing that I am good enough to play soccer at such a high level,” Hackett said.
His drive to get better will surely bring him a bright future. We all know 7. his efforts matter.
a. 主谓 b. 主系表 c. 主谓宾 d. 主谓宾宾
e. 主谓宾补 f. 主谓状 g. 主谓宾状
a 主谓
Write 6 sentences about your first day at senior high school in different sentence structures.
Finish the story with your own ending.