Unit 4 Friends forever Understanding ideas Language points课件

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Unit 4
Unit 4
Friends forever
CLICK FOR A FRIEND
1. How do you prefer to make friends
你更喜欢怎样交朋友？
prefer v. to like someone or something more than someone or
something else, so that you would choose it if you could 更喜欢
prefer to do/doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 喜欢……胜过喜欢……
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
宁愿做……而不愿做……
e.g. Which do you prefer, the red or the blue one
He normally prefers classical music to rock.
I prefer working on my own.
While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing.
We mostly prefer to say yes to the requests of someone we know and like.
Their mother prefers them to be home early.
I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.
preference n. 偏爱；优待
have a preference for 对……偏爱
give (a) preference to … 优先考虑……
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The professor preferred ___________ (give) lectures to students to ___________(invite) to attend meetings.
2) Rather than drive all the way every day, he prefers ___________ (cycle) to his office.
3) Preference will be given ___________ graduates of this university.
4) People develop a ___________ (prefer) for a particular style of learning at an early age and these ___________ (prefer) affect learning.
giving
being invited
to cycle
to
preference
preferences
2. How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends
如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，你会有何感受？
lose track of: to lose contact with someone
与……失去联系；不了解……的动态
if 引导条件状语从句
动词-ing形式作主语
动词-ing形式作宾语
e.g. The farmer has so many chickens that he can lose track of them all. 这个农民养了太多的鸡，以至于他自己都记不清有多少只了。
keep track of 与……保持联系；了解……的动态
get off the track 偏离正题，离题
be on the track of sb./ sth. 追踪/ 追寻……
be on track 稳步前进；做法对头
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
1) 约翰记不清在超市花了多少钱。
John _____ _____ _____ the money he spent in the supermarket.
2) 学生们毕业后和他们所有人保持联系不容易。
It’s difficult to _____ _____ _____all the students after they graduate.
3) 别偏离主题。我们要关注的是今年的数据，不是去年的。
Don't _____ _____ _____ _____. We're looking at this year's figures, not last year's.
lost track of
keep track of
get off the track
3. What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered
如果只有通过写信和漫长的等待才能得知远方朋友的消息，你会怎样？
What if … 如果……怎么办？要是……会怎么办？
What if… 是省略句，相当于What would happen if…
e.g. What if she finds out that you’ve lost her book
如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办？
What if you join us for lunch
同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？
(1) What / How about… ……怎么样？(用于提出建议或引出话题)
(2) What for 为什么？
(3) So what 那又怎样？
(4) How come 怎么会呢？(表示惊讶)
(5) 其他常用省略句：
Why me 为什么是我？ Why not 为什么不呢？(提建议)
Who cares 有谁在乎呢？
【语境应用】选词填空(what if/ so what/ how come/ what for/ what about/ why me/ why not)
1) ____________ they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in
2) Jim, can you work this Sunday
____________ I’ve been working for two weeks on end.
3) Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s chemistry class this morning.
____________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
4) Linda didn’t invite us to the party.
____________ I don’t care.
What if
Why me
How come
So what
选词填空(what if/ so what/ how come/ what for/ what about/ why me/ why not)
5) Please fetch me a piece of paper, Mary.
____________
6) ____________ playing jokes on Li Ming tomorrow
7) You’re looking tired. ____________ take a holiday
8) I was wondering who won the game last night
____________ I don’t really like either team.
What for
What about
Why not
Who cares
4. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.
然而，得益于技术的进步，我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。
1) thanks to 归功于……, 多亏……，由于……
e.g. Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
常见的表示原因的短语还有: because of, owing to, due to
thanks to 通常作状语，常指好的方面
because of 常作状语。
owing to 常作状语和表语。
due to 常作状语、表语 ，一般不位于句首。
【语境应用】选词填空(thanks to/ because of/ owing to / due to)
1) His good health is ________________ proper diet and regular exercise.
2) ____________________________ your help, I got the position advertised in the school newspaper.
3) David said that it was ____________________________ his strong interest in computers that he chose the course.
due to/ owing to
Thanks to/ Owing to/ Because of
due to/ owing to/ because of
2) advance
adj. done or given before something is going to happen
预先的, 事先的
n. progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding 进步；进展
the forward movement of a group of people, especially armed forces 前进
v. if scientific or technical knowledge advances, or if something advances it, it develops and improves（使）有进展
to give someone money before they have earned it 预支
e.g. We got no advance warning of the changes.
Nothing could stop the advance of the flood waters.
Recent advances in medical science mean that this disease can be treated.
We have advanced greatly in our knowledge of the universe.
Studying is one way of advancing your career.
in advance (=ahead of time) 预先; 事先; 提前
in advance of 在……之前
make an advance in sth. 在某方面取得进步
n.
advance in sth. 在某方面有进步, 前进
advance sb. to a higher position 使某人提升
advance on/ towards… 朝……前进
v.
advanced adj. 高级的, 进步的, 年老的; 发达的, 先进的
advancement n. 前进; 进展
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) We are working hard __________ (advance) the cause of
world peace.
2) This science and technology-based theme park in France uses the most __________ (advance) technology.
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1) It was a confusing question for me why they moved off ______
___________ (提前).
2) If you want ________________ (提升自己), you will first have to rid yourself of those weaknesses that can become barriers to progress.
to advance
advanced
in advance
to advance yourself
5. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.
通过社交媒体工具, 我们能知晓朋友的动向、维系彼此间的友谊。
up to sth. (数量或水平)可达到
up to sb. 由某人决定；取决于某人
be up to: to be occupied or busy with 胜任, 从事于
e.g. What’s he been up to lately
1) 确保所有孩子到11岁的时候都能接受教育。
2) 还轮不到你来告诉我如何开展工作。
【语境应用】用up to翻译下列句子。
Make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11.
It’s not up to you to tell me how to do my job.
maintain v.
to make something continue at the same level, standard, etc.保持; 维持
to keep a building, a machine, etc. in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly 维护, 保养
to provide someone with the things they need, such as money or food 供养, 扶养，赡养
e.g. A lot depends on building and maintaining a good relationship with your customers.
很多都要靠和顾客建立并保持良好关系。
The report found that safety equipment had been very poorly maintained.
报告说安全设备保养很差。
How can you maintain a family on $900 a month
你每月 900 美元怎么能维持一家人的生活？
【语境应用】根据汉语提示完成句子。
1) We should ___________________ (保持平衡) between study and rest.
2) Below are some ways to ___________________ (保持友谊).
3) More significantly, as a professional athlete, you ought to always _________________________ (保持良好的心态).
maintain a balance
maintain a friendship
maintain a good state of mind
6. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.
数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人——例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。
enable v. to make it possible for someone to do something, or for something to happen 使可能; 使发生
enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能做某事
e.g. The loan enabled Jan to buy the house.
贷款使简有能力买下这房子。
enable vt. en- (使具有……) + able
disable v. dis- (使去除……) + able 使残废, 使失去能力
disabled adj. 有残疾的, 失去能力的
unable adj. un- (形容词否定前缀) + able 不能的, 不会的
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The terrible car accident made her become a / an _________(able) person.
2) Your words are _________(able) to move her into believing you.
3) The Internet ________(able) us to communicate with our friends at any time.
disabled
unable
enables
7. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。
who引导定语从句, 修饰others
even if 引导让步状语从句
wh-ever 意为“不管……；无论……”, 引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter wh-。
whenever, wherever, however, whatever, whoever, whichever等均可以引导让步状语从句。
【语境应用】用wh-ever来翻译下列句子。
1) 无论什么时候我发表演讲，在开始前我总是会很紧张。
2) 无论发生什么，不要改变你的计划。
Whenever I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
Whatever happens, don’t change your plan.
8. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
但我们需要谨记, 我们在社交媒体上看到的，往往不是一个人的全部真面目。
keep … in mind: to remember 将……记在心中
keep in mind that …: to remember sb./sth. 记住……
e.g. You must always keep the readers in mind when writing a report.
Please keep in mind that you should come back before 10 o’clock．
bear/keep … in mind 把……放在心里
make up one’s mind 下定决心; 做出决定
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事
change one’s mind 改变主意
with … in mind 考虑到……
1) You must always __________ this belief __________ (把……记在心中).
2) Always ___________________ (记住) that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
3) She gave me a determined look — the kind that said she would not ________________ (改变主意).
【语境应用】根据汉语提示完成句子。
change her mind
keep/bear
in mind
keep/bear in mind
9. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
在社交网站上，人们倾向于只发布正面的信息，塑造自己快乐且友善的形象。
tend v. if something tends to happen, it happens often and is likely to happen again 易于做某事﹐往往会发生某事
tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会做某事
tend towards … 有……的趋势，倾向于……
tend to sb. /sth. 照顾……，照料……(to是介词且可以省略)
tendency n. 倾向; 趋势
have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事; 喜欢做某事
There is a tendency (for sb.) to do sth.
(某人)有做某事的倾向
e.g. It tends to get very cold here in the winter.
Charles tends towards obesity.
He carefully tended his sunflower plants all summer.
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The modern furniture design tends _________ simplicity.
2) When feeling stressed, most people tend _________ (breathe) short, shallow breaths.
3) I’m tending _________ your argument rather than his.
towards
to breathe
towards
10. To prove that making friends was easier in the past.
为了证明在过去交友要更容易。
prove v. to show that something is true by providing facts, information etc 证明, 证实
prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove (to be)＋n./ adj. 原来是, 证明是
It has been proved that … 已经证实……
prove sb./ sth. (to be) + n./ adj. 证明某人/某物……
proof n. 证据; 证明
There’s (no) proof that … (没)有证据证明……
e.g. He did some experiments to prove his theory.
Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you.
It has been proved that the theory is false.
These facts are enough to prove her (to be) right.
She may prove to be the most suitable person for the job.
The medicine proved satisfactory.
【语境应用】根据汉语提示完成句子。
1) The businessman _______________________ (证明是) kind and generous.
2) _______________________ (已经得到证实) eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.
3) Actually the new computer system _____________________
(证明了它的价值).
4) The strength of China’s economy ______________________ (将被进一步证实).
proved to be
It has been proved that
has proved its value
will be further proved