专题03 Units 5~6 教材知识串讲（期末复习课件）八年级英语上学期新教材外研版

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期末复习考点串讲
Units 5~6
八年级
外研版2024
上
01
基础知识
Unit 5 Play by the rules!
在……的对面
小包，小盒，小袋
野餐
有臭味的
干酪，奶酪
噪声；嘈杂声
减少；缩小；降低
踢
座，座位
乘客，旅客
opposite
packet
picnic
smelly
cheese
noise
reduce
kick
seat
passenger
任何事物
蠢人，傻子，笨蛋
标记；指示牌，标牌
责任
原因，起因
腰带，皮带
车站
花盆
脏乱；凌乱
诚实，正直；坦诚
anything
fool
sign
responsibility
cause
belt
station
flowerpot
mess
honesty
重要词汇
在特殊情况下
造成事故
保持网络安全
联系某人
保护个人信息
避免发布个人信息
在线陌生人
可信赖的朋友
社交媒体的帖子
寻求帮助
in special situations
cause an accident
stay safe online
get in touch with someone
keep personal information private
avoid posting personal information
online strangers
trusted friends
social media posts
ask for help/turn to someone for help
学校生活
解决问题
设计一个规则板
…的目的
基本的规则
为了
此刻
遵守规则
向……呈现
…的重要性
school life
solve the problems
design a rule board
the aim of
the basic rules
in order to
at the moment
follow rules
present...to
the importance of
Unit 5 Play by the rules!
重要词组
1. I went to a quiet area read. 为了读书，我去了一节安静的车厢。
2. Suddenly, a girl opposite me on her phone.
突然，我对面的一个女孩开始在手机上播放很大声的音乐。
3. I almost jumped up . 我惊讶得几乎跳了起来。
4. I covered my nose reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food.
我捂住鼻子，以减少来自"难闻食物先生"的气味。
5 .My face a tomato! 我的脸变得像西红柿一样红!
6. They aren't just on the wall but also .
它们不仅在墙上，而且在我们的思想和心中。
in order to
started playing loud music
in surprise
so as to
turned as red as
in our minds and hearts
Unit 5 Play by the rules!
重要句型
Unit 6 When disaster strikes
1． 生长
2． 简介
3． 目的
4． 基本的
5． 事实
6． 解释
7． 特殊的
8． 技能
9． 关系
10． 惊人的
grow
profile
purpose
basic
fact
explain
special
skill
relationship
amazing
11． 危险
12． 警告，警示
13． 时装业
14． 苗条的，修长的
15． 流血，出血
16． 不舒服的
17． 令人鼓舞的18． 她自己
19． 大学
20． 荣幸，光荣
danger
warning
fashion
slim
bleed
uncomfortable
encouraging
herself
university
honour
重要词汇
自然灾害
搜寻
不同种类的
面对
被……引发
受伤的
为……做准备
回到
向前看
影响人们的生活
natural disaster
search for
different kinds of
in the face of
be caused by
be hurt
get ready for
get back
look ahead
affect people’s lives
吸引某人的注意力
打破某人的梦想
带着假肢生活
在……的支持下
走出阴影
在社交媒体上分享
鼓励某人做某事
期待（某事）
勇敢面对
最重要的是
draw one’s attention
break one’s dream
live with an artificial leg
with the support of
come out of the shadows
share ... on social media
encourage sb. to do sth.
look forward to (sth)
face with courage
above all
Unit 6 When disaster strikes
重要词组
1．I the bus it began to rain heavily.
我正在等公交车的时候，天开始下起了大雨。
2．The boys basketball on the playground .
在那时，男孩们正在操场上打篮球。
3． the job because it’s too far from my home.
我决定不接受这份工作，因为它离家太远了。
4．There is a very big river and the village.
在他们的学校和村庄之间有一条很大的河。
5．Some people see travelling as a way of work.
一些人认为旅游是一种远离工作的方式。
was waiting for when
were playing at that time
decide not to accept
between their school
getting away from
Unit 6 When disaster strikes
重要句型
02
语法知识
一、定义
过去进行时
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。
二、结构
肯定式：主语+was / were doing+其他
否定式：主语+wasn’t / weren’t doing+其他
重要语法
三、时间状语（标志词）
then, at that time, this time yesterday, at seven yesterday evening, when, while.
1. He was reading a book at that time.
2. You were having a party at eight last night.
3. You were playing then.
4. Alice was sitting with her mother by the river.
5. They were playing basketball at 7 pm yesterday.
重要语法
四、while 与 when
① when+ 一般过去时(-ed)
过去进行时（was/ were+doing）+when +一般过去时（-ed）
② while+过去进行时（was/ were+doing）
过去进行时+ while + 过去进行时；
一般过去时（-ed）+ while + 过去进行时（was/ were+doing）
1. He was trying to pick it up when it bit him again.
2. Tom was waiting for his mother while I was walking to school.
重要语法
四、过去进行时与现在进行时的区别
时态 过去进行时 现在进行时
结构
用法
时间 状语
was / were + v.-ing
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作
then, at that time, this time yesterday, at seven yesterday evening, when, while
am / is /are + v.-ing
表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作
at the moment,
now，
listen，
look...
重要语法
五、一般疑问句
回答：- Yes, 主语 + was / were.
- No, 主语 + wasn't / weren't.
结构：Was/Were + 主语 + V-ing + 其他
六、特殊疑问句
结构：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ing + 其他
重要语法
03
写作指导
一、话题分析
本话题属于规则规范类写作，核心要求围绕 “规则” 展开，可从校园规则、家庭规则、公共场合规则等角度切入，阐述规则的重要性、遵守规则的意义，也可分享一次遵守或违反规则的经历及感悟。写作以第一人称或第三人称为主，时态以一般现在时（说明规则内容、重要性）和一般过去时（描述相关经历）为主，语言需兼具说服性与感染力，传递 “自觉守规” 的积极态度。
二、经典三段式写作结构
1. 开头段 —— 引出话题，点明主旨
用简洁的句子说明规则在生活中的普遍性，或直接点明要讨论的具体规则，快速切入主题
Unit 5
写作复习
常用句型：
Rules are everywhere in our life, and they help us live in order.
There are many rules in our school, and I think following them is very important.
Every place has its own rules, and it’s everyone’s duty to obey them.
2. 中间段 —— 分层论述，结合实例
这是文章的主体部分，可从两个角度展开，让内容更充实可信：
① 阐述规则的作用与重要性：列举具体规则，说明其对个人、集体的意义。
例句：School rules like “don’t be late for class” can help us develop good habits. / Public rules such as “no littering” can keep our environment clean.
写作复习
② 分享与规则相关的经历：讲述一次遵守或违反规则的故事，说明带来的结果与感悟。
常用句型：
Once I broke the library rule by talking loudly, and I felt sorry for disturbing others.
When everyone follows the traffic rules, we can keep ourselves safe on the road.
3. 结尾段 —— 总结观点，发出倡议
用一句话总结遵守规则的必要性，或发出呼吁，号召大家共同守规，升华主题。
写作复习
常用句型：
In a word, rules are made to help us, not to limit us. We should play by the rules.
If everyone obeys the rules, our world will become more beautiful and orderly.
I believe that following rules is a sign of good manners, and we should keep doing it.
三、必背高分句型
It’s important for us to follow the rules, because they can keep us safe and make our life in order.
Although some rules may seem strict, they are good for our growth in the long run.
We should not only obey the rules ourselves, but also remind others to do the same.
As a student, I think we must follow the school rules to make our campus a better place.
写作复习
四、写作范文
Follow the Rules, Make a Better Life
Rules are like guides in our daily life. They exist in schools, families, parks and almost every place we go. It’s everyone’s responsibility to play by the rules.
At school, we have many rules to follow. For example, we must wear school uniforms every day and hand in our homework on time. These rules help us focus on our study and develop good habits. Outside school, we also need to obey public rules. Last month, I saw a boy running a red light on the road. Luckily, no car passed by at that moment. But it was still very dangerous. From this experience, I realized how important it is to follow traffic rules. Besides, rules like “no smoking in public” and “don’t pick flowers in the park” can help us keep a nice environment for everyone.
Rules are not meant to restrict us, but to protect us and make our life better. Let’s all remember to follow the rules, and we will live in a more orderly and happy world.
五、写作注意事项
注意时态切换：介绍规则内容、阐述重要性用一般现在时，讲述过往经历用一般过去时，避免时态混乱。
合理使用连接词，如 for example, besides, however, in a word 等，让段落逻辑更连贯。
避免空泛议论，要结合具体的规则例子或生活经历，让文章更有说服力。
表达观点时，可使用 I think, in my opinion 等短语，让语气更自然，观点更明确。
写作复习
一、话题解读
本话题属于“灾害应对与生命成长”类写作，核心围绕“自然灾害突发时的应对”展开，涵盖地震、洪水、台风、火灾等常见灾害场景。写作核心要求包括：描述灾害发生时的情景、阐述正确的自救互救方法、分享灾害中的感人故事，或总结灾害带来的启示与成长。写作可采用第一人称（讲述个人经历）或第三人称（介绍应对方法、论述灾害意义），时态需灵活切换——描述灾害发生过程用一般过去时，介绍通用应对规则用一般现在时，语言需兼具客观性（说明方法）与感染力（讲述故事），传递敬畏生命、团结互助的积极价值观。
写作复习
Unit 6
二、经典三段式写作结构
1. 开头段——引出话题，点明核心
简洁的句子说明灾害的突发性与危害性，或直接切入某一次灾害场景，快速引发读者共鸣。
常用句型：
- Disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage to our lives, so it’s important to know how to protect ourselves when they strike.
- I still remember the day when the earthquake happened. Everything around me shook violently, and I felt extremely scared at that moment.
- Natural disasters like floods and typhoons are unpredictable, but proper preparation and correct response can save lives.
写作复习
2. 中间段——分层论述，充实内容
作为文章主体，可从“应对方法”“个人经历”“互助故事”三个核心角度选择其一或组合展开，让内容具体可感：
① 介绍灾害应对方法（通用指导类）
分场景列举具体的自救措施，语言需准确、有条理，避免笼统表述。
例句：
- When an earthquake strikes, if you are indoors, you should hide under a strong desk or table at once and stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Never rush out of the building during the shaking.
写作复习
② 讲述个人灾害经历（叙事类）
交代灾害发生的时间、地点、过程，重点描述自己的动作、心理变化，以及如何自救或得到帮助。
常用句型：
- It was a rainy morning when the flood suddenly broke out. My family and I were trapped in our house, and the water kept rising quickly.
③ 分享互助感人故事（抒情类）
描述灾害中他人的帮助行为，体现人与人之间的温暖，突出团结互助的主题。
常用句型：
- During the disaster, many kind people came to help us. Volunteers brought us food and clothes, and doctors took care of the injured people day and night.
写作复习
3. 结尾段——总结感悟，升华主题
总结灾害带来的启示，表达对生命的敬畏、对帮助者的感恩，或提出应对灾害的建议与展望。
常用句型：
- This disaster taught me the importance of life and teamwork. When we help each other, we can get through any difficulty.
三、必背高分句型
1. When disaster strikes, keeping calm is the first step to save ourselves.
2. It’s necessary for everyone to learn basic disaster response skills, which can make a difference between life and death.
写作复习
3. Although the disaster caused great damage, it also showed the power of unity—people from all over the country came to help the affected areas.
4. We should not only protect ourselves during disasters but also try to help those in need if it’s safe to do so.
5. Disasters remind us to cherish our daily life and respect the power of nature.
四、写作注意事项
1. 时态准确切换：描述具体灾害发生的过程、个人经历用一般过去时；介绍通用的灾害应对方法、总结普遍启示用一般现在时，避免时态混乱。
2. 词汇精准运用：使用与灾害相关的专业词汇（如 earthquake 地震、flood 洪水、typhoon 台风、survive 生存、rescue 救援、emergency 紧急情况），避免用词模糊；同时注意情感词汇的搭配（如 frightened 害怕的、calm 冷静的、warm 温暖的、selfless 无私的）。
写作复习
3. Although the disaster caused great damage, it also showed the power of unity—people from all over the country came to help the affected areas.
4. We should not only protect ourselves during disasters but also try to help those in need if it’s safe to do so.
5. Disasters remind us to cherish our daily life and respect the power of nature.
四、写作注意事项
1. 时态准确切换：描述具体灾害发生的过程、个人经历用一般过去时；介绍通用的灾害应对方法、总结普遍启示用一般现在时，避免时态混乱。
2. 词汇精准运用：使用与灾害相关的专业词汇（如 earthquake 地震、flood 洪水、typhoon 台风、survive 生存、rescue 救援、emergency 紧急情况），避免用词模糊；同时注意情感词汇的搭配（如 frightened 害怕的、calm 冷静的、warm 温暖的、selfless 无私的）。
写作复习
感谢聆听
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