Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Discover Useful Structures课件(共25张PPT)人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
Discovering useful structures
过去分词作表语、定语和状语
(与现在分词的区分）
课前提问 2’
2. go through
经历, 经受(困境、痛苦等); 通读, 查阅;
仔细检查; 用完,耗尽; (法律、合同等正式)通过
3. not…until…的强调句型
4. 现在分词作伴随状语
1. owe
owe it to sb/oneself to do sth 该为某人做某事
owe sb sth （for sth） (因某事)欠某人某物
owe sth to sb =owe sb sth把...归功/归因于某人
owe it to sb that 把...归功于某人
discussed at the meeting
excited
课前提问 2’
Attracted by the Beauty of nature
1. The problem ____________________ (在会议上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.
2. He became ______ (兴奋) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.
3. I haven’t got the film ________ (冲洗)yet.
4. , the girl from London decided to spend two more days on the farm.
the attribute
predicative
developed
object complement
the adverbial
完成下列句子，尝试分辨下列句子中过分分词（短语）在句子当中所作的成分。
1.To learn the usage of the past participle used as the predicative, attribute and the adverbial in a sentence.(key point)
2.To apply what we learn in this period to exercises, especially in grammar filling and writing. (difficult point)
行业PPT模板http:///hangye/
学习目标 1'
1. 过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异
①. I was astonished at the news.
②. The news was spread by Tom.
强调被动关系
强调主语状态
用法归纳:
被动语态表示动作,强调 , 绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者可以由by引出。作表语用的过去分词表示主语的 或所处的 ,这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite、very、rather等修饰词。
被动关系
特点
状态
amused(愉快的)； broken(碎了的)； astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)； experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的)；
lost(丢失的)； closed(关闭的)； gone(遗失的)； disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)； interested(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的); pleased(高兴的); satisfied(满意的); surprised(吃惊的);
married(已婚的)； known(著名的) 等等
2.常见的作表语的过去分词有:
3.现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done)作表语
moving
frightened
frightening
moved
frightened
1.The story is very _______ (move), and we were deeply _______ (move).
2.Going into the wilderness alone can be __________（frighten）.
3.Do you feel _________ (frighten) when going into the wilderness alone
4.His eyes opened wide with a _________(frighten) look.
5.The young NBA basketball king James is _______(marry)
6.She seemed totally _______ (absorb) in her book.
完成下列练习，尝试分辨并归纳过去分词和现在分词作表语的不同。
married
absorbed
用法归纳：
①现在分词作表语表示 。
②过去分词作表语表示 。
注意: 很多作表语的现在分词和过去分词都变成了形容词, 和系动词
(be, seem, remain, feel, look等)连用， 或者用作定语修饰名词
主语的特征 (令人/使别人感到……)
主语的状态或者主观心理感受(感到…)
常见的形容词化的过去分词和现在分词有：
4. 现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done)作定语
①一片叶子：a （fall) leaf （正在飘落）
a （fall）leaf (已经落下)
___________（rise) sun（冉冉升起）
（pollute) water（污水）
③ the （rule）class （统治阶级）
the （rule) class (被统治阶级）
rising
polluted
ruling
ruled
归纳总结:
①现在分词作定语表示 ______ 和 ________。
②及物动词(vt.)的过去分词作定语表示 ________ 和 ______ ,
不及物动词(vi.)的过去分词作定语只表示_______。
主动
正在进行
被动
已完成
已完成
完成下列练习，尝试分辨并归纳过去分词和现在分词作定语的不同。
falling
fallen
即景活用
① There were many people waiting at the bus stop , and some of them looked very anxious and ___________ (disappoint).
② We got a little __________(sunburn) but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind
③ In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _______(stick) abroad.
④There is a nice picture _________(hang) on the wall.
⑤People got water by dropping a bucket _____(tie) to a rope.
disappointed
sunburnt
stuck
hanging
tied
单句语法填空
①. Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.
②. Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.
2. 过去分词做状语
1.翻译并分析下列句子，尝试归纳过去分词做状语的用法。
用法归纳1：
V-ed分词作状语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成 ，即主语是该分词动作的 。
动宾关系或被动关系
承受者
师生互动,学生讨论
①. Born in a poor family, Nadia had only two years of schooling.
②. When asked her future plans, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.
③. Some medicines, if wrongly taken, can kill a person.
④. Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.
⑤. The patient got off the bed, supported by the nurse.
⑥. The girl met with an accident when crossing the road, wounded in the head.
2.翻译并分析下列句子，说出下列过去分词短语在句中做什么状语
表原因
表时间
表条件
表让步
表伴随或方式
表结果
用法归纳2：
V-ed分词短语做状语可表示 、 、 、 、
等意义，相当于一个相应的状语从句或and连接的并列结构。过去分词作状语多放在句首, 也可放在后面或插在中间。
时间
原因
条件
让步
方式或伴随
①. Once discovered, the mistakes must be corrected.
②. If given the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
③. When asked why he did it, he said it was his duty.
特别注意3：
V-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词如：when, if, once, though, unless等，以便明确作何种状语。
3.翻译并分析下列句子，说出下列过去分词短语在句中做什么状语。
①. ________(face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
②. __________ (seat) in the time capsule, Li Qiang felt nervous and unsettled.
③. (satisfy) with the result of the exam, her parents bought her this gift.
④. (occupy) in writing his novel, he has no time to go outside and swim with his friends
用法归纳4：
4. 完成句子并思考填写下列用法归纳总结空白处。
Faced
Seated
Satisfied
Occupied
有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表_____________。
主语的状态
常见的有这类过去分词短语有：
(be) dressed in (be) lost in沉浸在
(be) devoted to 致力于 (be) buried in专心于
(be) located in位于 (be) faced with 面对
(be) tired of 厌烦 (be) born in…
(be) occupied with忙于 (be) seated (in, on)
(be) worried about (be) satisfied with
(be) pleased/ disappointed at
1. _____ (see) from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks beautiful.
2. _______(see) from the top of the mountain, we can get a good view of the whole town.
3. （finish) their work，they went home to have a rest.
4. _______________(tell) about the risk of electric shocks, she is very careful while using hairdryers.
Having finished
Having been told
5. 完成句子并尝试总结过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别。
Seen
Seeing
用法归纳5：
如果分词作状语，且是句子主语承受的动作，用 ______ ；
如果分词作状语，且是句子主语发出的动作，用 ______ 。
现在分词
过去分词
特别提醒：
如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，表示已经完成，表示主动就用having done，表示被动就用having been done。
动宾关系
主谓关系
1. With the crowd (surround) us, my throat was tightening as if a rock was stuck in it and couldn’t utter a single word.
2. The boy lay on his back, his hands (cross)under his head.
3. Much time (spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
The man lay there, his hands (tremble).
6. 完成句子并思考填写下列用法归纳总结空白处。
特殊结构：独立主格
crossed
spent
trembling
过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构。过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。
特别注意6：
surrounding
summary 1’
During this class, we have revised the usage of the past participle used as the predicative , attribute, and the adverbial in a sentence.
1. __________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. （2022新高考I卷）
2. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. （2022全国甲卷）
3. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. (2022全国甲卷)
4. This may be due to some disadvantages for people (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. （2021.1 浙江卷 ）
Covering
held
planning
living
Ⅰ.语法填空·高考链接
Practice 13’
5. _____________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, _______ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.（2022全国乙卷）
6. Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ________ (fall) child.（2022年新高考2卷）
7. They make great gifs and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. (2020·新课标II卷)
8. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds
(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. （2020·新课标III卷）
To strengthen
inviting
falling
decorated
surrounding
Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry. It has now become a famous destination for travellers.
_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________
2.If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada, it seems
more like a charming European village.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Transformed from a quarry, Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travellers.
Compared with other cities in Canada, Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.
P41练习3.
Ⅱ. Rewrite the sentences·教材练习
3. They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang, so they went to the Tourist Information Centre.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
4.When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canada’s most scenic drive, they made West Vancouver their first destination.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang, they went to the Tourist Information Centre.
Hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canada’s most scenic drive, they made West Vancouver their first destination.
P41练习1.
Ⅲ. 单句写作·读后续写
1.完全没有想到她会对我如此温和，我瞪大眼睛难以置信地看着她 。（现在分词短语作状语）
2.看到我沮丧的皱着眉，经理安慰地看了我一眼，说：“别担心!我们能做到的！”(现在分词短语作状语)
3.这一突发事件让马受到了严重的惊讶，它偏离路径，加速奔向了另一个方向。（过去分词短语作状语）
Never expecting that she would have delt with me so mildly, I stared at her in total disbelief with eyes popping out.
Seeing my dismayed frown, the manager cast a comforting glance at me and said, “Take it easy! We can make it!”
Badly startled by the sudden incident, the horse sped off the track into another direction.
He stole into the classroom from the back door, seated himself in the last row and began to pretend to be taking notes.
But bathed in a competitive atmosphere, he was in high spirits and felt a sudden strength inside him.
4.他偷偷从后门溜进，坐在最后一排，开始假装自己在做笔记。（过去分词短语作状语）
5.但沉浸在竞争的气氛中，他精神高涨，感到内心突然有了力量。(过去分词短语作状语)
板书设计
过去分词作表语
过去分词作定语
过去分词作状语
多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于系动词之后
有些过去分词作表语时，具有形容词的性质
过去分词作表语于被动语态的区别
过去分词与现在分词转化而来的形容词作表语的区别
有些过去分词变成了形容词，具有形容词的性质
过去分词与现在分词转化而来的形容词作定语的区别
作时间/条件/方式或伴随/让步/原因状语
过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
独立主格结构