人教版（2024）八年级下册 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 寒假复习讲义（含答案）

人教版八年级下册 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 寒假复习讲义
Unit 6 核心词汇表
序号 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 拓展延伸
1 culture [ k lt (r)] n. 文化；文明 派生词：cultural adj. 文化的（例：cultural exchange 文化交流）；搭配：global culture 全球文化；culture shock 文化冲击
2 cross-cultural [ kr s k lt r l] / [ kr s k lt r l] adj. 跨文化的 构词：cross-（跨越）+ cultural；搭配：cross-cultural communication 跨文化沟通；cross-cultural studies 跨文化研究
3 traditional [tr d nl] adj. 传统的；惯例的 名词形式：tradition 传统（例：keep a tradition 保留传统）；搭配：traditional crafts 传统工艺；traditional food 传统美食
4 custom [ k st m] n. 习俗；风俗；习惯 复数用法：customs 可表“海关”（例：go through customs 过海关）；搭配：national customs 民族习俗；form a good custom 养成好习惯
5 festival [ fest vl] n. 节日 常见搭配：Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节；Dragon Boat Festival 端午节；festival atmosphere 节日氛围
6 celebrate [ sel bre t] v. 庆祝；庆贺 名词形式：celebration 庆祝活动（例：hold a celebration 举办庆祝活动）；搭配：celebrate a festival 庆祝节日；celebrate achievements 庆祝成就
7 different [ d fr nt] adj. 不同的；有差异的 核心搭配：be different from 与……不同（例：His idea is different from mine.）；派生词：difference n. 差异；differently adv. 不同地
8 similar [ s m l (r)] adj. 相似的；类似的 核心搭配：be similar to 与……相似（例：This book is similar to that one.）；派生词：similarity n. 相似点；similarly adv. 相似地
9 communicate [k mju n ke t] v. 交流；沟通；传达 核心搭配：communicate with sb. 与某人交流；communicate ideas 传达想法；名词形式：communication n. 交流（例：effective communication 有效交流）
10 understand [ nd st nd] v. 理解；明白；懂得 不规则变化：过去式/过去分词 understood；派生词：understanding adj. 善解人意的；n. 理解（例：show understanding 表示理解）
11 foreign [ f r n] / [ f r n] adj. 外国的；陌生的 名词形式：foreigner 外国人（例：a foreigner in China 在中国的外国人）；搭配：foreign trade 对外贸易；foreign languages 外语
12 abroad [ br d] adv. 在国外；到国外 注意：不与介词in/at搭配（例：go abroad 出国，而非go to abroad）；搭配：work abroad 在国外工作；travel abroad 出国旅行
13 visit [ v z t] v./n. 参观；访问；拜访 名词形式：visitor 参观者（例：museum visitors 博物馆参观者）；搭配：visit a place 参观某地；visit relatives 拜访亲戚；pay a visit to 访问
14 guest [ɡest] n. 客人；宾客 搭配：welcome guests 欢迎客人；guest of honor 贵宾；hotel guests 酒店客人；派生词：host n. 主人（对应词）
15 polite [p la t] adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 反义词：impolite 不礼貌的；派生词：politely adv. 有礼貌地（例：speak politely 礼貌地说话）；搭配：be polite to others 对他人有礼貌
16 manner [ m n (r)] n. 方式；态度；礼仪 复数特指：manners 礼仪（例：table manners 餐桌礼仪）；搭配：in a friendly manner 以友好的方式；bad manners 坏习惯
17 greet [ɡri t] v. 问候；打招呼；迎接 名词形式：greeting n. 问候语；问候（例：send greetings 发送问候）；搭配：greet sb. with a nod 点头问候某人
18 shake hands [ e k h ndz] 短语 握手 过去式：shook hands；用法：shake hands with sb. = shake sb.'s hand（例：He shook hands with the manager.）
19 take off [te k f] / [te k f] 短语 脱下；起飞；取下 多义辨析：take off one's hat 脱下帽子；The plane takes off at 9 a.m. 飞机上午9点起飞；take off the poster 取下海报
20 follow the customs [ f l k st mz] / [ fɑ l k st mz] 短语 遵循习俗 同义表达：obey the local customs；例句：When traveling to other countries, we must follow the customs.
21 be polite to [bi p la t tu] 短语 对……有礼貌 例句：Children should be polite to the elderly. 孩子们应该对老人有礼貌。
22 communicate with [k mju n ke t w ] 短语 与……交流 例句：We should communicate with our parents more often to avoid misunderstandings.
23 pay a visit to [pe v z t tu] 短语 参观；拜访 同义替换：visit（例：pay a visit to the History Museum = visit the History Museum）
24 at home and abroad [ t h m nd br d] / [ t ho m nd br d] 短语 国内外 例句：Chinese tea is famous at home and abroad. 中国茶叶在国内外都很有名。
25 table manners [ te bl m n z] 短语 餐桌礼仪 例句：It's important to learn table manners when having meals with foreigners.
26 culture shock [ k lt k] / [ k lt r ɑ k] 短语 文化冲击 例句：Many students feel culture shock when they first study abroad.
27 in public [ n p bl k] 短语 在公共场合 搭配：speak loudly in public 在公共场合大声说话；例句：We should be polite in public.
28 learn about [l n ba t] / [l rn ba t] 短语 了解；学习 例句：We can learn about different cultures through reading books.
29 share with [ e w ] / [ er w ] 短语 与……分享 例句：She likes to share her travel experiences with her friends.
30 be famous for [bi fe m s f (r)] 短语 因……而著名 例句：France is famous for its wine and fashion. 法国因葡萄酒和时尚而著名。
练习部分
Part 1 词形转换
culture n. → adj. ________（文化的）；n. ________（文化冲击）
traditional adj. → n. ________（传统）；adv. ________（传统上）
different adj. → n. ________（差异）；adv. ________（不同地）
similar adj. → n. ________（相似点）；adv. ________（相似地）
communicate v. → n. ________（交流）；adj. ________（善于交流的）
understand v. → 过去式/过去分词 ________；adj. ________（善解人意的）
foreign adj. → n. ________（外国人）；pl. ________（外国人复数）
polite adj. → adv. ________（有礼貌地）；反义词 ________（不礼貌的）
celebrate v. → n. ________（庆祝活动）；现在分词 ________
visit v./n. → n. ________（参观者）；pl. ________（参观者复数）
Part 2 用词汇的正确形式填空
It's necessary for us to learn about ________ (cross-culture) communication before going abroad.
My family plans to ________ (visit) my grandparents who live in the countryside next weekend.
There are many ________ (different) between Chinese and Western table manners.
The little girl ________ (greet) her teachers with a smile every morning. She is very polite.
When we meet foreign ________ (guest), we should shake hands with them politely.
He ________ (understand) the importance of following local customs after his trip to Japan last year.
We should ________ (communicate) with our classmates openly to solve group problems.
It's ________ (polite) to talk with your mouth full of food. That's bad table manners.
Many ________ (foreign) come to China to learn about traditional Chinese culture every year.
People in this country ________ (celebrate) their National Day on October 1st.
Her hobby is ________ (similar) to mine. We both enjoy collecting stamps.
My cousin will go ________ (abroad) to study English next month. I will miss her.
The students are ________ (learn) about different festivals around the world in class now.
________ (tradition) Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad.
He ________ (take) off his coat and put it on the chair when he entered the room.
We should be friendly and ________ (polite) to everyone we meet.
A lot of ________ (visitor) came to the cultural exhibition last weekend.
Through ________ (communicate) with foreign students, we can know more about their cultures.
The ________ (celebrate) for the school's 50th anniversary will be held next Friday.
We should follow the local ________ (custom) when traveling to other places.
Part 3 语法填空
Dear Jack, I hope this email finds you well. I want to share my recent experience of learning about cross-cultural customs with you. Last week, our school invited a foreign teacher named Mr. Smith to give us a talk. He is from Britain and has lived in China for 5 years. He told us many interesting things about the ________ (different) between Chinese and British cultures. Mr. Smith said that British people usually ________ (greet) each other with a handshake or a smile when they meet for the first time. They also pay much attention to table manners. For example, it's impolite ________ (eat) with your hands except when you are eating fast food. And you should never talk loudly while eating. These customs are quite different from ours. I used to think all countries had similar customs, but now I understand that we need to learn about other cultures before ________ (visit) foreign countries. During the talk, Mr. Smith also shared his experience of facing culture shock when he first came to China. He didn't know how ________ (communicate) with Chinese people at first, but with the help of his Chinese friends, he soon got used to our customs. He told us that the best way to avoid misunderstandings is to be polite and ________ (understand). Now I'm more interested in foreign cultures than before. I plan to read more books about cross-cultural communication and practice ________ (speak) English more. I also dream of ________ (pay) a visit to Britain one day to experience its culture in person. Have you ever learned about any foreign cultures What's your favorite foreign festival Please write to me soon and tell me about it. Yours, Wang Lin
【答案】
Part 1 词形转换
cultural；culture shock
tradition；traditionally
difference；differently
similarity；similarly
communication；communicative
understood/understood；understanding
foreigner；foreigners
politely；impolite
celebration；celebrating
visitor；visitors
Part 2 用词汇的正确形式填空
cross-cultural（形容词作定语修饰名词communication，cross-cultural communication为固定搭配“跨文化沟通”）
visit（plan to后接动词原形，plan to do sth. 计划做某事）
differences（many后接可数名词复数，different的名词形式为difference，复数为differences）
greets（根据时间状语every morning可知用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词加-s）
guests（foreign为形容词，后接名词；根据语境“外国客人”可知用复数形式guests）
understood（根据时间状语last year可知用一般过去时，understand的过去式为understood）
communicate（情态动词should后接动词原形）
impolite（根据后句“那是不好的餐桌礼仪”可知，嘴里塞满食物说话是不礼貌的，polite的反义词为impolite）
foreigners（many后接可数名词复数，foreign的名词形式为foreigner，复数为foreigners）
celebrate（主语为复数people，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形）
similar（be similar to为固定搭配“与……相似”，形容词作表语）
abroad（go abroad为固定搭配“出国”，abroad为副词，无需加介词to）
learning（根据时间状语now可知用现在进行时，结构为be+doing，learn的现在分词为learning）
Traditional（形容词作定语修饰名词medicine，句首单词首字母大写，Traditional Chinese medicine 中医药）
took（根据时间状语when he entered the room可知用一般过去时，take的过去式为took）
polite（and连接并列形容词friendly和polite，作表语）
visitors（a lot of后接可数名词复数，visit的名词形式为visitor，复数为visitors）
communicating（through为介词，后接动名词形式，communicate的动名词为communicating）
celebration（定冠词the后接名词，celebrate的名词形式为celebration，此处表示“庆祝活动”）
customs（custom表“习俗”时常用复数形式，local customs 当地习俗）
Part 3 语法填空
differences（定冠词the后接名词，根据语境“中英文化间的差异”可知用复数形式differences）
greet（主语为British people，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形）
to eat（it's impolite to do sth. 为固定句型“做某事是不礼貌的”，it为形式主语，真正主语为不定式）
visiting（before为介词，后接动名词形式，visit的动名词为visiting）
to communicate（how to do sth. 为固定结构“如何做某事”，作know的宾语）
understanding（and连接并列形容词polite和understanding，作表语，understanding 善解人意的）
speaking（practice doing sth. 为固定搭配“练习做某事”，speak的动名词为speaking）
paying（dream of 为固定搭配，of为介词，后接动名词形式，pay的动名词为paying）