B1U4人教版必修1 Unit4语篇分析+阅读单（教师版）
必修1 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：The Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep作者：文章类型：说明文/新闻报道主题/中心思想：文章描述了1976年唐山大地震的前兆、灾难现场、救援行动以及灾后重建，展现了在灾难面前人类的团结和坚韧精神。
二、文本结构与内容分析 整体结构：文章按时间顺序展开，依次描述了地震的前兆、震中场景、救援行动和灾后重建的过程。段落分布：第一部分（第一段）：描述地震前的异常现象，设定灾难即将发生的紧张基调。第二部分（第二段）：描述地震发生的场景及其破坏力。第三部分（第三段）：展现地震后的景象和幸存者的困境。第四部分（第四段）：记录救援行动，强调希望和救援的重要性。第五部分（第五段）：描写灾后重建，突出团结与韧性。逻辑关系：时间顺序：事件按时间发展展开，从地震前兆、发生到救援和重建。因果关系：地震导致城市被毁，救援行动促成城市的恢复与发展。对比关系：通过对比震前城市的繁华与震后废墟的惨状，以及重建后的现代化城市，突出灾难的冲击与人类的重生力量。衔接与连贯：文章使用时间标记（“For several days”“At about 3:00 a.m.”“At 3:42 a.m.”）以及逻辑过渡（“But hope was not lost”“Slowly，the city began to breathe again”）连接各段，增强叙述的连贯性。段落功能：第一段设定紧张基调。第二、三段描述灾难的破坏性。第四段转向救援行动，突出希望。第五段强调重建成果和人类精神的伟大。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景：唐山大地震是20世纪最严重的地震之一，对中国社会和经济造成了极大的破坏。它也是中国灾难管理史上的重要转折点，展现了政府、军队和人民在灾难面前的迅速响应和合作。背景知识的运用：文章详细描述了灾难的自然现象（如地震前的异常现象）和地震的破坏力，这些科学细节有助于读者理解地震的影响。描述唐山在灾后重建中的现代化进程，强调了灾后恢复与发展的重要性。写作意图：通过描述地震的惨烈和重建的成功，作者旨在突出在灾难面前人类的坚韧精神和合作的重要性。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度：作者在前半部分通过详细描写地震的破坏性传达出对灾难的沉重和悲痛。在后半部分则转向积极，通过救援和重建的描述传递出希望和对人类韧性的赞美。价值取向：强调团结合作的重要性：救援行动中的统一力量使城市恢复生机。提倡坚韧与重生：唐山从废墟中崛起，成为更强大的城市。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持：论点：尽管地震带来了巨大的破坏，但人类通过团结和努力实现了灾后重建。证据：详细描述地震破坏的场景（“75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings...were gone”）。救援行动（“150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped”）。重建成果（“a new Tangshan...with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment”）。文章有效性与局限性：有效性：文章通过灾难的细节描写和救援、重建的成功故事有效地支持了主题。局限性：文章对受害者的个人故事关注较少，更注重宏观层面的描述。文章与现实的联系：文章传递的团结精神和灾后重建的意义在当今社会的灾难管理中仍具有重要启示。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系：时间顺序：文章按时间发展展开，从地震前兆到重建。因果关系：地震导致毁灭，救援行动促成恢复，政府支持和人民努力实现重建。隐性推理与假设：灾难虽然不可避免，但通过有效的救援和重建措施，人类可以战胜困境。重建需要社会各方的合作与努力。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点：描写生动，通过细节增强震撼力（如“Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves”）。转折词的使用（“But hope was not lost”）突出了灾难与希望之间的对比。句式与句型分析：使用短句增强紧张感（如“Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!”）。使用长句提供详细描述（如对重建成果的叙述）。文体特征：说明文兼具叙述和议论功能，既描述了事件，又表达了对团结精神的赞美。修辞手法：比喻：如“Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves”增强画面感。排比：如“train，truck，and plane”强调救援行动的全面性。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式：细节描写：通过对地震前兆、破坏和救援的细节描写，增强读者的代入感。对比：通过震前、震后和重建后的对比，突出灾难的破坏力和人类的重建能力。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思：文章展现了灾难的破坏性和人类在灾难面前的韧性，令人感动。唐山从废墟中崛起的故事传递了团结合作和坚韧不拔的精神。批判性思维与反思：文章对宏观层面的重建和救援进行了详细描述，但缺乏对个体受害者的情感刻画和心理分析。未来类似文章可以更关注幸存者的个人故事，以展现灾难对个体的影响及其恢复过程。
课文语言表达梳理 一、描述自然现象的表达For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell.用法：描述异常自然现象替换表达：[Something] [changed] for several days.At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky.用法：描述具体事件发生的时间与地点替换表达：At [time], on [date], [phenomenon/event] occurred.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!用法：强调严重程度或恐怖感替换表达：It felt like [extreme situation].
二、描述灾害影响的表达A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways.用法：描述地震带来的物理破坏替换表达：A [size] crack [affected areas/structures].In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.用法：描述灾害迅速摧毁的场景替换表达：In [short time], [place] was [condition].Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it.用法：描述灾害的广泛影响替换表达：A significant portion of [area/population] was affected.Thousands of children were left without parents.用法：描述灾害带来的社会后果替换表达：Many [group] were left without [support/system].
三、描述救援行动的表达The army sent 150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped.用法：描述快速反应的救援行动替换表达：[Group] sent [number] people to [action].Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane.用法：描述后勤支持替换表达：[Supplies] were transported by [methods] to [place].More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.用法：描述医疗救援的规模替换表达：[Number] of [professionals] came to [action].
四、重建与反思的表达Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.用法：描述城市重建的过程替换表达：[Place] began to recover and rebuild itself.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people.用法：描述重建后的成就替换表达：[Place] now hosts [population] with [features].People must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.用法：总结灾害中的教训与希望替换表达：[Group] should [action] to [outcome].
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis:
1. Main IdeaThe article narrates the devastating Tangshan earthquake of 1976, its catastrophic impact on the city and its people, and the subsequent recovery and rebuilding efforts. It highlights the resilience, unity, and determination of the survivors and the government in overcoming adversity to create a stronger Tangshan.
2. Paragraph Summaries and FunctionsSigns of the EarthquakeSummary: Unusual phenomena like rising and falling well water, gas emissions, and animal behavior foreshadowed the earthquake.Function: Sets the scene, building tension and foreshadowing the disaster.The Earthquake StrikesSummary: At 3:42 a.m., a powerful earthquake destroyed Tangshan, causing massive casualties and widespread destruction.Function: Describes the scope and immediate impact of the disaster, emphasizing its severity.Devastation and AftermathSummary: Survivors faced widespread ruin, loss of life, and lack of resources, further worsened by a second quake later that day.Function: Highlights the dire conditions and challenges faced by the people of Tangshan.Relief and Recovery EffortsSummary: Soldiers, medical personnel, and workers provided aid, rebuilding shelters and restoring basic services, giving survivors hope.Function: Demonstrates the collective response and the initial steps toward recovery.Rebuilding and ResilienceSummary: Tangshan was rebuilt with strong government support and community efforts, transforming it into a thriving city and a symbol of resilience.Function: Concludes with an uplifting message of unity, determination, and progress.
3. Key Details from Each ParagraphSigns of the EarthquakeStrange natural phenomena, such as cracks in wells and unusual animal behavior, preceded the earthquake.The Earthquake StrikesAt 3:42 a.m., Tangshan experienced one of the deadliest earthquakes of the 20th century, killing or injuring over 400,000 people.Devastation and AftermathThe city lay in ruins with destroyed homes, infrastructure, and livestock; a second quake worsened the situation.Relief and Recovery EffortsOver 150,000 soldiers and medical workers arrived to rescue survivors and provide aid.Rebuilding and ResilienceTangshan emerged as a thriving city with advancements in transportation, industry, and environment, symbolizing resilience and unity.
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
Book 1 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking: The Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. Summarize the article in 1–2 sentences.
The text describes the Tangshan earthquake, its destruction, and how the city was rebuilt through unity and effort.
B. Which of the following best summarizes the article
A. The causes and effects of the Tangshan earthquake and the city’s recovery.
B. The challenges faced by survivors of the Tangshan earthquake.
C. The rebuilding of Tangshan city after the earthquake.
D. The scientific study of earthquakes in Tangshan.
Answer：A
目的： 该问题考察学生从文章中提取主旨和关键信息的能力。总结要求理解文章的核心信息。
阅读技能目标：
能识别文章中的关键信息。
能将信息进行整合并形成简洁的总结。
2.
A. Answer the following questions:
1. What unusual signs were observed in the countryside before the earthquake
2. What happened to Tangshan at 3:42 a.m. on July 28, 1976
3. What percentage of Tangshan’s buildings were destroyed
4. How did the government and people work together to rebuild Tangshan
Answer:
The water in village wells rose and fell repeatedly. Deep cracks appeared in the well walls, and smelly gas escaped from at least one well. Chickens and pigs refused to eat. Dogs would not enter buildings. Mice ran out of fields seeking hiding places. Fish jumped out of the water.
A catastrophic 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan, one of the deadliest earthquakes of the 20th century.
75% of the city’s factories and buildings were destroyed.
150,000 soldiers rescued survivors, buried the dead, and built shelters. More than 10,000 doctors/nurses provided medical care. Supplies (water, food) were delivered by train, truck, and plane. A new Tangshan was rebuilt with government support and public effort.
B. Table-Filling Exercise
Phase Category
Before the Earthquake Usual signs 1. Before the earthquake, the water in wells __________ and __________ repeatedly. Animals behaved unusually: chickens/pigs refused to __________; dogs wouldn't __________. Mice __________ from fields; fish __________ out of water.
During the Earthquake Time & Location 2. The earthquake struck __________ (date) at around __________ in __________ City, Hebei.
Basic Facts 3. The magnitude was __________, and a huge crack __________ long destroyed the city.
Destruction 4. Nearly __________ of buildings and __________ of homes were destroyed.
Casualties 5. Over __________ people died or were injured; many children became __________.
Post-Disaster Reconstruction Rescue Efforts 6. __________ soldiers and __________ medical workers were sent for rescue and care.
Supplies 7. Water and food were transported by __________, __________, and plane.
Rebuilding 8. The new Tangshan now has __________ people and improved __________ systems.
Answer：1. rose, fell, eat, enter buildings, ran, jumped
2. July 28, 1976; 3:00 a.m.; Tangshan
3.7.8; 8 kilometers
4.75%; 90%
5.400,000; orphans
6.150,000; 10,000
7.train; truck
8.7 million; transportation/industry/environment
目的：该问题考查学生能识别并整合关键信息：从细节（如异常现象、伤亡数据、救援行动）到宏观主题（灾难与重建），学生需精准定位文本中的核心事实（如时间、地点、百分比），并将其分类归纳。
阅读技能目标：
将分散信息串联为逻辑链（前兆→灾难→救援→重建），形成对文章主旨的简洁总结。
3.
Define the following words based on the context:
crack ruins shelter revive
Answer:
crack 裂缝（如井壁或地面的深裂痕）ruins 废墟（灾难后建筑的残骸）shelter避难所（保护人们安全的临时居所）revive复兴（灾后恢复生机或重建）
(Contextual Fill-in): Complete the sentences using the words above.
After the earthquake, survivors built temporary shelter to protect themselves.
The workers helped revive the city after the disaster.
A huge crack cut across houses and roads during the quake.
Tangshan was once covered in ruins, but now it stands as a modern city.
目的：帮助学生在语境中推测词义并正确应用词汇，强化迁移能力。
阅读技能目标：
识别语境中的词汇线索，区分广义与狭义词义，精准匹配词汇与语境。
能通过上下文推断词汇的情感或功能意义（如“revive”隐含“希望与重生”）。
4.
A. Answer the following questions.
1. Why did animals behave strangely before the earthquake
2. How do the rescue efforts described in the article reflect human resilience and unity
Answer: 1. Animals likely sensed early warning signs of the earthquake, such as underground vibrations, gas releases, or changes in groundwater levels, which humans could not detect.
2.The rapid mobilization of 150,000 soldiers and 10,000 medical workers, along with efficient supply transportation, showed coordinated efforts to save lives and rebuild the city, demonstrating collective determination to overcome disaster.
B. Paraphrase the following sentence:"Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!"
Answer: The earthquake’s tremors were so strong that they affected almost a third of China’s population.
目的：训练学生基于文本线索推理隐含信息与因果关系。
阅读技能目标：
识别隐含信息（如动物异常原因）；
建立因果与逻辑关联（如救援行动促成重建）。
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
Answer the following questions:
How does the article emphasize the human suffering caused by the Tangshan earthquake
Why does the author highlight the recovery and rebuilding efforts in the article
Answer:
1. The article describes massive destruction, loss of life, and emotional trauma, with survivors surrounded by ruins and lacking basic necessities.
2. Highlighting rebuilding shows resilience, unity, and hope, proving people can overcome disaster and create a brighter future together.
B. Table Fill-in Exercise
Time People’s Emotion Evidence from the Article
During the earthquake Shock and fear Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins... People were in shock.
After the destruction, seeing the ruins Despair and grief Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
Second quake, lack of resources Uncertainty and hopelessness Another big quake shook Tangshan again... Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
Arrival of aid, rescue efforts Hope and relief The army sent 150,000 soldiers... More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide care.
Rebuilding and revival of Tangshan Pride and optimism A new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins... The new city has become a home to more than seven million people
目的： 该问题鼓励学生深入分析作者的情感变化，理解情感变化背后的原因。
阅读技能目标：
能够追踪文章中情绪的变化。
解释情绪变化的原因及其影响。
2.
Answer the following questions:
What lessons can be learned from the rebuilding of Tangshan after the earthquake
How does the article illustrate the importance of government and community cooperation during disasters
Answer: 1. Unity, resilience, and strong leadership are key to overcoming disasters and rebuilding stronger communities. 2. The article shows how coordinated efforts between the government, army, and citizens saved lives and enabled recovery.
Based on the article, make a mind-map comparing the before and after states of Tangshan in terms of infrastructure, population, and emotional state of the people. Use specific evidence from the text to support your comparison.
Answer:
Aspect Before the Earthquake After the Earthquake After Rebuilding
Infrastructure 75% of factories and buildings intact Nearly everything destroyed New city with improved infrastructure
Population 1 million residents Two-thirds dead or injured Over 7 million residents
Emotional State Calm, routine life Shock, despair, and grief Pride, optimism, and hope
The article emphasizes the importance of unity and cooperation in overcoming disasters. Reflect on a time in your life or community when people came together to solve a problem. How did cooperation make a difference What lessons from Tangshan’s recovery could apply to your experience
Answer：Describe the problem and how people worked together.Explain the outcome and how unity played a role.Connect your experience to Tangshan’s recovery, such as the value of resilience, shared effort, or hope.
目标：通过分析唐山地震前后的变化，培养学生提取信息、对比分析的能力，并反思合作精神在灾难恢复中的重要性。
阅读技能目标：
提取与整合信息：学生能够从文章中准确提取关键数据并形成思维导图。
对比分析与反思应用：学生能够对比灾难前后的变化，分析恢复过程中的关键因素，并结合自身经历反思合作精神的作用。
3.
Group Discussion:
The article mentions that in times of disaster, people must unify and rebuild. Do you agree Why or why not
Answer: Unity is crucial during disasters because collective efforts, shared resources, and mutual support increase resilience, speed up recovery, and rebuild stronger communities.
B.The article highlights the role of hope and determination in Tangshan's recovery. In your opinion, how do these qualities help people overcome disasters Provide examples from the article or real life.
Answer: Hope and determination motivate people to persevere, collaborate, and rebuild. For example, in Tangshan, survivors worked together with aid workers to restore the city, showing that a positive mindset and collective effort can turn tragedy into renewal.
C.The article states that Tangshan's recovery was a result of "strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people." Do you think one is more important than the other—government support or community effort—in overcoming disasters Explain your reasoning using evidence from the article or your own perspective.
Answer: Both are essential, but community effort might be more critical because local resilience and unity drive immediate action and long-term recovery. For example, in Tangshan, the people’s determination to rebuild their lives and homes complemented government aid, creating a stronger foundation for revival.
目标：引发学生思考在灾难恢复中政府支持与社区努力的作用，培养他们对灾难发生时，合作精神的深刻理解。
阅读技能目标：
分析比较：学生能够分析并比较政府支持与社区努力在灾难恢复中的具体作用，理解两者的互补性。
批判性思考：学生能够运用文本证据和自身观点，评估合作精神在灾难恢复中的重要性，形成独立见解。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
A. Fill in the following table based on the content and structure of the passage.
Before the Earthquake(Para 1) Location & Time The earthquake occurred in Tangshan City, Hebei Province, on July 28, 1976.
Warning Signs -The water in village wells repeatedly rose and fell."
Animal Behavior "Mice ran from fields, and fish jumped out of the water."
During the Earthquake(Para 2-3) Magnitude & Time The earthquake struck at 3:42 a.m.with a magnitude of 7.8.
Physical Destruction A massive crack, 8 kilometers long and 30 meters wide, split the city.
After the Earthquake(Para 4-5) Casualties Over 400,000 people were killed or injured, leaving thousands of orphans.
Rescue Efforts 150,000 soldiers and 10,000 medical workers joined the rescue efforts.
Values Demonstrated The reconstruction demonstrated the values of unity and wisdom.
目的：帮助学生梳理文章的结构和主要内容，理解事件的发展脉络和情感变化。 阅读技能目标：
培养学生整合信息、分析语篇结构和逻辑关系的能力。
学培养学生识别段落功能和语篇结构的能力。
2.
A. Match the causes with their effects:
Cause Effect
Strange animal behavior A. Resulted in a modern city with improvements.
Earthquake at 3:42 a.m. B. Helped save survivors and provide shelter.
Government rescue efforts C. Indicated an upcoming natural disaster.
Rebuilding efforts D. Left Tangshan in ruins and caused mass casualties.
Answer: 1.C 2. D 3. B 4. A
目的：通过分析关键词汇和句式特点，帮助学生理解作者如何通过语言表达情感和主题，增强语篇解读深度。 阅读技能目标：
提升学生对语言特点的分析能力，增强语篇解读深度。
培养学生理解作者如何通过语言传递情感和氛围。
3.
Identify words or phrases that convey destruction (e.g., ruins, crack).
Answer:
"Ruins"; "A huge crack, eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide"; "Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves"; "Nearly everything in the city was destroyed"; "Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt"
How do these words contribute to the tone and mood of the article
Answer:
These words and phrases create a tone of devastation and despair, emphasizing the scale of the disaster.
The vivid imagery (e.g., "bricks like red autumn leaves") evokes a mood of sorrow and loss, helping readers visualize the destruction and empathize with the survivors.
The use of descriptive language also highlights the resilience and hope that emerged from the tragedy, balancing the tone with a sense of eventual recovery.
目的：通过分析对比手法，帮助学生理解作者如何通过家庭困境与星空美景的对比，突出希望的主题。 阅读技能目标：
提升学生对对比手法的分析能力。
培养学生从文本中提取证据支持观点的能力。
增强学生对主题和情感表达的理解。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
1.
A. Summarize the key events of the Tangshan earthquake, rescue efforts, and rebuilding process in 5–6 sentences.
Answer：The Tangshan earthquake struck on July 28, 1976, killing or injuring over 400,000 people and destroying 75% of the city’s infrastructure. Rescue efforts began immediately, with 150,000 soldiers and 10,000 medical workers providing aid, digging out survivors, and burying the dead. Despite a second quake and severe shortages of water, food, and electricity, the community united to rebuild. With strong government support and tireless efforts, Tangshan was reconstructed into a modern city with improved infrastructure and a population of over seven million. The recovery showcased the power of resilience, unity, and hope in overcoming disaster. Tangshan’s revival stands as a testament to human determination and cooperation.
Fill in the blanks and retell the story with the given words.
The Tangshan earthquake, one of the deadliest in the 20th century, 1.__________ (strike) on July 28, 1976. Over 400,000 people 2.__________ (kill) or injured, and nearly the entire city 3.__________ (destroy). Rescue efforts 4.__________ (begin) immediately, with 150,000 soldiers and medical teams 5.__________ (work) tirelessly to save lives. However, a second quake 6.__________ (shake) the city, making recovery even more challenging. Despite this, the community 7.__________ (unite) to rebuild their homes and lives. With strong government support, Tangshan 8.__________ (reconstruct) into a modern city, showcasing the power of resilience and hope. Today, Tangshan 9.__________ (stand) as a symbol of human determination, and its story 10.__________ (teach) us the importance of unity in times of disaster.
Answer : 1. struck 2. were killed 3. was destroyed 4. began 5. working 6. shook 7. united 8. was reconstructed 9. stands 10. teaches
目标：通过总结唐山地震的关键事件和用关键词复数故事的练习，帮助学生理解灾难恢复的过程，并提升语法运用能力。
阅读教学目标：
提取与整合信息：学生能够从文章中提取关键事件（如地震、救援、重建），并整合成连贯的总结。
语法应用与理解：学生能够根据上下文正确使用动词时态和语态，完成语法填空练习。
2.
A. Imagine you are a survivor of the Tangshan earthquake. Write a diary entry describing your experience during the quake and your hopes for the future.
Answer：During the Earthquake: Describe the shaking, destruction, and fear. Rescue Efforts: Mention the arrival of soldiers, medical teams, and the sense of hope they brought. Rebuilding: Express your feelings about the city’s recovery and your dreams for a better future.
Example:
"July 28, 1976: The ground shook violently, and everything collapsed around me. I was terrified, surrounded by ruins and cries for help. When the soldiers arrived, I felt a glimmer of hope. Now, as the city rebuilds, I dream of a stronger, safer Tangshan where families can thrive again."
B. Imagine you are a survivor of the Tangshan earthquake. Write a letter to a friend or family member living in another city, describing your experiences during the earthquake, the challenges you faced in the aftermath, and how the community is working together to rebuild. Use details from the article to make your letter vivid and emotional.
Answer:
During the Earthquake: Describe the chaos, destruction, and your immediate feelings.
Aftermath: Explain the difficulties, such as lack of resources and the second quake.
Rebuilding: Share your observations of the rescue efforts, community unity, and your hopes for the future.
Example:
"Dear [Name],
The earthquake on July 28 was terrifying—everything shook, and the city turned to rubble. We lost so much, and the second quake made things worse. But when the soldiers and doctors arrived, it gave us hope. Now, we’re rebuilding together, and I believe Tangshan will rise again, stronger than ever.
With hope, [Your Name]"
目标：通过日记、书信写作等方式，帮助学生理解灾难中的情感变化与社区合作的重要性。
阅读技能目标：
提取关键细节；
运用文本信息表达情感与观点。
3.
A. Suggest three ways modern technology could help reduce the impact of earthquakes.
Answer:
Early Warning Systems: Advanced sensors and AI can detect early tremors, providing seconds to minutes of warning for people to take cover.
Earthquake-Resistant Infrastructure: Modern engineering techniques and materials can make buildings and bridges more resistant to seismic activity.
Real-Time Communication: Mobile apps and social media can quickly disseminate information, coordinate rescue efforts, and locate survivors.
B. The article highlights the importance of unity and cooperation in disaster recovery. Imagine you are a city planner tasked with preparing a city for potential earthquakes. What three strategies would you implement to ensure the community is ready to respond effectively Explain your choices.
Answer:
Community Training Programs: Educate residents on earthquake safety and emergency response.
Resource Stockpiling: Store essential supplies like water, food, and medical kits in accessible locations.
Collaborative Drills: Organize regular disaster drills involving government agencies, schools, and local organizations to practice coordination.
目的：通过解决实际问题，培养学生分析灾难应对策略的能力，提升批判性思维与创新思考。
阅读技能目标：
将文本中的知识与个人经验相结合。
进行自我反思，并发展创造性写作能力。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：The Night The Earth Didn’t Sleep
分支 1：Time (e.g.before the earthquake; during the earthquake; after the earthquake)
分支 2：Events (e.g. occurred; came to an end; lay in rains; sent people to...)
A. 描述自然现象的表达
For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell.
用法：描述异常自然现象
替换表达：[Something] [changed] for several days.
At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky.
用法：描述具体事件发生的时间与地点
替换表达：At [time], on [date], [phenomenon/event] occurred.
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
用法：强调严重程度或恐怖感
替换表达：It felt like [extreme situation].
B.描述灾害影响的表达
A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways.
用法：描述地震带来的物理破坏
替换表达：A [size] crack [affected areas/structures].
In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
用法：描述灾害迅速摧毁的场景
替换表达：In [short time], [place] was [condition].
Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it.
用法：描述灾害的广泛影响
替换表达：A significant portion of [area/population] was affected.
Thousands of children were left without parents.
用法：描述灾害带来的社会后果
替换表达：Many [group] were left without [support/system].
C.描述救援行动的表达
The army sent 150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped.
用法：描述快速反应的救援行动
替换表达：[Group] sent [number] people to [action].
Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane.
用法：描述后勤支持
替换表达：[Supplies] were transported by [methods] to [place].
More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.
用法：描述医疗救援的规模
替换表达：[Number] of [professionals] came to [action].
D.重建与反思的表达
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
用法：描述城市重建的过程
替换表达：[Place] began to recover and rebuild itself.
The new city has become a home to more than seven million people.
用法：描述重建后的成就
替换表达：[Place] now hosts [population] with [features].
People must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
用法：总结灾害中的教训与希望
替换表达：[Group] should [action] to [outcome].
目的：通过整理文章中的自然现象、灾害影响、救援行动描述和希望与重建相关表达，帮助学生形成语义网络，内化语言。
2. 迁移应用：
A. 假设你是一名记者，请写一篇关于唐山地震的新闻报道。
句型支持：自然现象：For several days, [phenomenon].
破坏情况：In less than one minute, [place] was [condition].
救援行动：[Group] sent [number] [professionals] to [action].
示例：On 28 July 1976, a devastating earthquake hit Tangshan. For several days before the disaster, strange phenomena like rising and falling well water were observed. In less than one minute, the city was in ruins, with thousands of buildings destroyed. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to rescue survivors, and medical teams provided urgent care.
目标：训练学生提取并应用文本关键信息（现象、数据、行动）进行语言输出。
B. 你是一名政府官员，请设计一个重建唐山的计划。
句型支持：[Place] should focus on rebuilding [infrastructure].
[Group] must work together to [action].
[New place] will become [vision for the future].
示例：
Tangshan should focus on rebuilding its infrastructure, including hospitals and schools. The government and local communities must work together to provide housing and support for survivors. A new Tangshan will become a city of hope, with improved transportation and environmental systems.
目标： 能整合文本数据（如“75%建筑损毁”）并提出重建优先级，能分析群体协作的必要性（如政府与社区合作）。
C. 主题：请以“灾难中的希望与团结”为主题写一篇演讲稿。
句型支持：[Group] showed [qualities] during [event]；[Lesson] is important for [future actions].
写作框架
1. 开场
引出主题：简述灾难的破坏性，点明希望与团结的重要性。
句型："When disaster strikes, it is not just buildings that collapse—humanity is tested."
2. 主体段落1：灾难中的集体行动
描述救援行动，强调群体协作。
句型："[Group] showed [qualities] during [event]."
示例：救援人员、政府、志愿者的角色。
3. 主体段落2：重建中的希望
列举重建成果，说明团结带来的改变。
句型："Through [action], [place] has proven that [lesson]."
4. 结尾：呼吁与升华
总结灾难教训，呼吁传承团结精神。
句型："[Lesson] is important for [future actions]."
Hope and Unity in Disaster
Ladies and gentlemen,
On July 28, 1976, a 7.8-magnitude earthquake turned Tangshan into ruins in minutes. Yet, amid the darkness, hope emerged through unity.
First, collective courage lit the path. The army and medical workers showed extraordinary resilience during rescue efforts. Over 150,000 soldiers dug through rubble, while 10,000 doctors saved lives day and night. Ordinary citizens shared shelters and scarce supplies, proving that “unity turns despair into strength.”
Second, rebirth rose from ashes. Rebuilt with highways, green parks, and modern hospitals, Tangshan now thrives as a city of 7 million residents. Its 40% green coverage symbolizes harmony between progress and nature.
Finally, the lesson is clear: Disasters test humanity, but solidarity heals. Let Tangshan’s story remind us: “When we stand together, no challenge is insurmountable.”
Thank you.
目标：提升学生语言表达能力，并通过反思灾害的教训培养批判性思维。
目的： 通过多模态任务（报道、规划、演讲），提升学生基于文本的语言输出能力、信息整合力与批判性思维。
阅读技能目标：
能提取并重组关键信息（现象、数据、行动），完成逻辑连贯的语言输出。
能分析并论证文本价值观（如团结精神），结合现实反思其现实意义。B1U4人教版必修1 Unit4语篇分析+阅读单（学生版）
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
Book 1 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking: The Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. Summarize the article in 1–2 sentences.
B. Which of the following best summarizes the article
A. The causes and effects of the Tangshan earthquake and the city’s recovery.
B. The challenges faced by survivors of the Tangshan earthquake.
C. The rebuilding of Tangshan city after the earthquake.
D. The scientific study of earthquakes in Tangshan.
2.
A. Answer the following questions:
1. What unusual signs were observed in the countryside before the earthquake
2. What happened to Tangshan at 3:42 a.m. on July 28, 1976
3. What percentage of Tangshan’s buildings were destroyed
4. How did the government and people work together to rebuild Tangshan
B. Table-Filling Exercise
Phase Category
Before the Earthquake Usual signs 1. Before the earthquake, the water in wells __________ and __________ repeatedly. Animals behaved unusually: chickens/pigs refused to __________; dogs wouldn't __________. Mice __________ from fields; fish __________ out of water.
During the Earthquake Time & Location 2. The earthquake struck __________ (date) at around __________ in __________ City, Hebei.
Basic Facts 3. The magnitude was __________, and a huge crack __________ long destroyed the city.
Destruction 4. Nearly __________ of buildings and __________ of homes were destroyed.
Casualties 5. Over __________ people died or were injured; many children became __________.
Post-Disaster Reconstruction Rescue Efforts 6. __________ soldiers and __________ medical workers were sent for rescue and care.
Supplies 7. Water and food were transported by __________, __________, and plane.
Rebuilding 8. The new Tangshan now has __________ people and improved __________ systems.
3.
Define the following words based on the context:
crack ruins shelter revive
B.(Contextual Fill-in): Complete the sentences using the words above.
After the earthquake, survivors built temporary_______to protect themselves.
The workers helped _______ the city after the disaster.
A huge _______cut across houses and roads during the quake.
Tangshan was once covered in_______, but now it stands as a modern city.
4.
A. Answer the following questions.
1. Why did animals behave strangely before the earthquake
2. How do the rescue efforts described in the article reflect human resilience and unity
B. Paraphrase the following sentence:"Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!"
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
Answer the following questions:
How does the article emphasize the human suffering caused by the Tangshan earthquake
Why does the author highlight the recovery and rebuilding efforts in the article
B. Table Fill-in Exercise
Time People’s Emotion Evidence from the Article
During the earthquake __________________ ___________________________________________________
After the destruction, seeing the ruins __________________ ___________________________________________________
Second quake, lack of resources __________________ ___________________________________________________
Arrival of aid, rescue efforts __________________ ___________________________________________________
Rebuilding and revival of Tangshan __________________ ____________________________________________________
2.
A.Answer the following questions:
What lessons can be learned from the rebuilding of Tangshan after the earthquake
How does the article illustrate the importance of government and community cooperation during disasters
B.Based on the article, make a mind-map comparing the before and after states of Tangshan in terms of infrastructure, population, and emotional state of the people. Use specific evidence from the text to support your comparison.
C.The article emphasizes the importance of unity and cooperation in overcoming disasters. Reflect on a time in your life or community when people came together to solve a problem. How did cooperation make a difference What lessons from Tangshan’s recovery could apply to your experience
3.
A.Group Discussion:
The article mentions that in times of disaster, people must unify and rebuild. Do you agree Why or why not
B.The article highlights the role of hope and determination in Tangshan's recovery. In your opinion, how do these qualities help people overcome disasters Provide examples from the article or real life.
C.The article states that Tangshan's recovery was a result of "strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people." Do you think one is more important than the other—government support or community effort—in overcoming disasters Explain your reasoning using evidence from the article or your own perspective.
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
A. Fill in the following table based on the content and structure of the passage.
Before the Earthquake(Para 1) Location & Time The earthquake occurred in _______ City, Hebei Province, on _______ .
Warning Signs The water in village wells repeatedly _______ and_______ ."
Animal Behavior "Mice _______ from fields, and fish _______ out of the water."
During the Earthquake(Para 2-3) Magnitude & Time The earthquake struck at_______ .with a magnitude of _______ .
Physical Destruction A massive crack, _______ long and _______ wide, split the city.
After the Earthquake(Para 4-5) Casualties Over _______ people were killed or injured, leaving thousands of _______ .
Rescue Efforts _______ soldiers and _______ medical workers joined the rescue efforts.
Values Demonstrated The reconstruction demonstrated the values of _______ and _______ .
2.
A. Match the causes with their effects:
Cause Effect
Strange animal behavior A. Resulted in a modern city with improvements.
Earthquake at 3:42 a.m. B. Helped save survivors and provide shelter.
Government rescue efforts C. Indicated an upcoming natural disaster.
Rebuilding efforts D. Left Tangshan in ruins and caused mass casualties.
3.
Identify words or phrases that convey destruction (e.g., ruins, crack).
How do these words contribute to the tone and mood of the article
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
1.
A. Summarize the key events of the Tangshan earthquake, rescue efforts, and rebuilding process in 5–6 sentences.
B.Fill in the blanks and retell the story with the given words.
The Tangshan earthquake, one of the deadliest in the 20th century, 1.__________ (strike) on July 28, 1976. Over 400,000 people 2.__________ (kill) or injured, and nearly the entire city 3.__________ (destroy). Rescue efforts 4.__________ (begin) immediately, with 150,000 soldiers and medical teams 5.__________ (work) tirelessly to save lives. However, a second quake 6.__________ (shake) the city, making recovery even more challenging. Despite this, the community 7.__________ (unite) to rebuild their homes and lives. With strong government support, Tangshan 8.__________ (reconstruct) into a modern city, showcasing the power of resilience and hope. Today, Tangshan 9.__________ (stand) as a symbol of human determination, and its story 10.__________ (teach) us the importance of unity in times of disaster.
2.
A. Imagine you are a survivor of the Tangshan earthquake. Write a diary entry describing your experience during the quake and your hopes for the future.
B. Imagine you are a survivor of the Tangshan earthquake. Write a letter to a friend or family member living in another city, describing your experiences during the earthquake, the challenges you faced in the aftermath, and how the community is working together to rebuild. Use details from the article to make your letter vivid and emotional.
3.
A. Suggest three ways modern technology could help reduce the impact of earthquakes.
B. The article highlights the importance of unity and cooperation in disaster recovery. Imagine you are a city planner tasked with preparing a city for potential earthquakes. What three strategies would you implement to ensure the community is ready to respond effectively Explain your choices.
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：The Night The Earth Didn’t Sleep
分支 1：Time (e.g.before the earthquake; during the earthquake; after the earthquake)
分支 2：Events (e.g. occurred; came to an end; lay in rains; sent people to...)
A. 描述自然现象的表达
B.描述灾害影响的表达
C.描述救援行动的表达
D.重建与反思的表达
2. 迁移应用：
A. 假设你是一名记者，请写一篇关于唐山地震的新闻报道。
句型支持：自然现象：For several days, [phenomenon].
破坏情况：In less than one minute, [place] was [condition].
救援行动：[Group] sent [number] [professionals] to [action].
ruins, with thousands of buildings destroyed. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to rescue survivors, and medical teams provided urgent care.
B. 你是一名政府官员，请设计一个重建唐山的计划。
句型支持：[Place] should focus on rebuilding [infrastructure].
[Group] must work together to [action].
[New place] will become [vision for the future].
C. 主题：请以“灾难中的希望与团结”为主题写一篇演讲稿。
句型支持：[Group] showed [qualities] during [event]；[Lesson] is important for [future actions].
