2025-2026学年英语人教版八年级下册 Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A (4a-4c） (第3课时）(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
Unit 1 Time to Relax
第 3 课 时 （4a—4c）
Section A
How do you spend your free time
单词：push, myself, chat, outing
短语：get into, give it a go, kung fu, once in a while,
go on an outing
句型：①I decided to give it a go.
②She told me not to give up so easily.
学习动词不定式的功能，掌握动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语的用法。
Learning Goals
1
2
Warming up
什么是动词不定式？
我们以前学的动词通常作谓语，不作谓语的动词叫“非谓语动词”。动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式。
Look at the sentences. Then circle the infinitives.
I listen to music to relax.
I need to have a rest.
I want him to come earlier.
The movie made me cry.
动词不定式
Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial.
What do you do in your free time I play the flute to relax.
How did you spend your weekend I went to the sports centre to ice skate.
How did you get into painting I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go.
What did your instructor say She told me not to give up so easily.
4a
adverbial
adverbial
object complement
object complement
一、动词不定式的构成
动词不定式的用法
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的语义特点，可以有自已的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语，如 to make new friends、to reach the top much faster等。
二、动词不定式的用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。本单元的重点是动词不定式作宾语、目的状语和宾语补足语三种用法。
例句：Do you want to go to the Great Wall 你想去长城吗？
例句：Today, James decided to make fried chicken.
今天，詹姆斯决定做炸鸡。
1. 动词不定式作宾语
2. 动词不定式作目的状语
例句：What do you do to pass the time
你做什么来消磨时间呢？
例句：Do not stand up to reach for food across the table.
不要站起来伸手去拿桌子对面的食物。
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
例句：My teacher encouraged me to work harder.
我的老师鼓励我更加努力学习。
例句：She asked him to be more careful in the future.
她要求他以后更细心。
三、动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成。
例句：Try not to make any noise when you eat.
尽量在吃东西的时候不发出声音。
例句：This book taught me not to give up.
这本书教我不言放弃。
四、“疑问词+动词不定式”结构
动词不定式可以和what、which、how、where、when等连用，构成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。例如:
例句：He didn't know what to say.
他不知道该说什么。
例句：She asked me how to use the washing machine.
她问我怎么使用这台洗衣机。
五、不带to的动词不定式
有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to，这种动词主要有两类：一类是感官动词，如see、hear、watch、feel、notice等；另一类是使役动词，如let、make、have等。
例句：He heard someone walk down the stairway.
他听见有人走下楼梯。
例句：If you have any questions, please let me know.
如果你有任何问题，请告诉我。
1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me ________(decide) to try skiing.
B: You're welcome. Try _________(forget) your fears and have fun!
2. A: My cousin often asks me ________(fly) kites with her when it's
windy.
B: That sounds fun! I'd love to watch you ________ (fly) kites
sometime.
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
decide
to forget
to fly
fly
4b
3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies _________(relax).
B: Really When I want _________(relax), I watch animal videos.
4. A: My parents told me ____________(not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it's important _____________(not forget) to relax once in a
while.
to relax
to relax
not to push
not to forget
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends ________ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided __________ after that. He doesn't like sport very much!
Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors
4c
chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch
to play
not to come
/h tel/ n. 旅馆；旅社
Instead, he likes ________ at home and ________ movies, ________ to music, and _______ with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us ________ more
time together as a family. So, now they let us ________ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!
chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch
to stay
watch
/h tel/ n. 旅馆；旅社
listen
chat
to spend
do
1. How did you get into painting 你是怎么开始画画的呢？
get into sth意为“开始做某事；进入某处”。
例句：I got into calligraphy at the age of six.
我六岁开始练书法。
例句：She failed to get into art college.
她未能进入艺术学院。
Language points
2. I decided to give it a go. 我决定试一试它。
give sth a go 意为“试一试某事物”，相当于give sth a try。此处的go是名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”。
例句：Winning is never easy, but I'll give it a go.
想赢得比赛从来都不是简单的事，但我会去尝试。
例句：It took three goes to get it right.
试了三次才把它弄好。
（1）push可作动词，意为“督促；推”。
例句：Lucy should push herself a little harder.
露西应该鞭策自己多加把劲了。
例句：He pushed his chair back and stood up.
他向后挪挪椅子，站了起来。
3. My parents told me not to push myself too hard.
我父母告诉我不要对自己太苛刻。
（2）push还可作名词，意为“鼓励；推”。
例句：He needs a push to get him started.
他需要适当的鼓励助他起步。
例句：The car won't start. Can you give it a push
汽车发动不起来。你推一下好不好？
（3）myself是反身代词，指“我自己”。
例句：I asked myself what I should do in such a situation.
我问自己在这种情况下我应该做什么。
例句：I painted the room all by myself.
我独自一人粉刷了屋子。
一、单项填空
1. He wants ______ to Beijing for holiday, but his father wants him ______ out in their family company.
A. go; help B. to go; help
C. to go; to help D. go; to help
C
Practice
2. The book made me ______ to read more books by the author.
A. want B. wanted
C. to want D. wanting
3. When I walked in the park, I saw some children ______ kites
there.
A. fly B. flying
C. to fly D. are flying
A
B
二、在横线上填一个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Look! The girls ___________(chat) happily under the tree.
2. The neighbour then went to the shop ________(buy) some vegetables.
3. I decided to push ________(I) harder.
4. Skiing is interesting. I want to give it ________ go.
5. I went shopping with my parents once ________ a while.
are chatting
myself
to buy
a
in
三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 人无完人，所以你不要逼自己太紧。
No one is perfect, so don't ________ ________ too hard.
2. 上周我教爷爷如何使用电脑。
I taught my grandfather ________ ________ ________ the computer
last week.
3. 妈妈总是鼓励我尝试新事物。
Mum always ________ ________ ________ ________ new things.
how to
use
encourages me to try
push yourself