2026年中考英语专项复习-阅读还原（六选五）课件(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
中考英语专项复习
-----阅读还原（六选五）
题型 考查频次 命题预测
阅读还原 10年10考
考情透视·目标导航
阅读还原一般有200-250个单词左右，常见题型为5选5、6选5、7选5。体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最后是提供解决方案；主要考查考生的做题技能和阅读判断能力。考查的方向大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。
命题分布及考查方向：题目的位置固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段四种情形；考查的方向大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。
若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。若是针对段落小标题设空。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。选项应短小精评，多为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使向。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句。选项要有概括性。
知识导图·思维引航
中考英语阅读还原题型，即从多个备选项中
选择合适句子填入文章空缺处使文章内容完
整、逻辑连贯。可从以下几个方面构建答题思维：
快速浏览全文，把握主旨
关注文章首段与尾段：首段往往会引入主题，点明文章要讨论的核心内容；尾段一般总结全文，重申观点或得出结论。
留意高频词汇和关键语句：文中反复出现的词汇通常与主题紧密相关，是把握文章主旨的重要线索。关键语句如每段的首句或尾句，常概括了该段的主要内容。
分析选项特征
明确各选项的核心内容：
快速提炼每个选项的关键信
息，判断其大致的主题方向。
观察选项的逻辑关联词：
若选项中出现 “but”“however” 等转折词，表明该选项与前文会形成转折关系；出现 “and”“also” 等词，意味着与前文是并列或递进关系；“because”“so” 等词提示因果关系。
知识导图·思维引航
阅读还原
解
题
策
略
读全文- 速读全文，了解大意
看位置-看题目位于段首，段中还是断尾
找联系- 寻找题目前后在词汇，意义上的联系
段
首
题
思逻辑- 思考题目前后在行文上的逻辑关系
析选项= 分析选项特征，预测所在文中的位置
主旨句- 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现
承上启下句- 空处答案能将上段和本段内容
连贯起来,注意并列、转折 或因果关系
段
尾
题
段
中
题
总结句：用语总结本段内容
常含有总结性词语
承上启下句：答案能将
本段和下段内容连贯起来
读并列或递进关系-first等
转折或让步关系-however等
因果关系-such…as…等
解释例证关系-看前后句
段
尾
题
总结句：用语总结本段内容
常含有总结性词语
承上启下句：答案能将
本段和下段内容连贯起来
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
（2）通常是结论、概括性语句。
注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词：Therefore，as a result，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word，all in all，in conclusion等词语。选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
（3）所选答案是引出下一段的内容的句子。
如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
（4）如果第一段的段尾是空白。
要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
（一）、问题设在段尾
（二）.问题设在段首
解题技巧 具体方法
（1）通常是段落的主题句（小标题） 认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
（2）与后文是并列、转折 或因果关系等 着重阅读后文第一二句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
（3）段落间的过渡句 这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机衔接, 并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
段
首
题
主旨句- 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现
承上启下句- 空处答案能将上段和本段内容
连贯起来 ,注意并列、转折 或因果关系
平行关系--并列（小标题）
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
通常是段落主题句。短小精悍，多为名词性短语或祈使句。阅读此段剰余内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而锁定答案。
小标题
1. Smile!
It’s the easiest way to let someone know that you’re nice!...
2. Be fun! We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel
happy...
3.Listen! …
4._____ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what
they study today.
B
Let's practice
A. Change!
B. Ask a question!
C. Class work is a great icebreaker.
D. Say “hello” and see what happens.
E. And don’t just talk about yourself all the time.
F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.
平行关系--并列（排序）
First, look for color. Some minerals are light in color, while others ate dark.......‘
63_____Some minerals shine brightly. Others may look smooth. Still others may have a shining luster, like the inside of some seashells.
与前文之间是并列排比或递进关系。此时，正确选项的作用往往是
补全说明明本段主题的的其他细节。解题时注意查找表示并列或递进关
系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构或同义词等其他线索。
并列关系
（三）.问题设在段中
解题技巧 具体方法
（1）盯紧横线的 前后词语 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词（同词重复、近义词、代词）。
（2）抓住过渡词， 看住上下句 看与前文是否是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立，对比关系。
看与前文是否是并列或排比关系，在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节。因此，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
同词重复
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
同词重复
即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个既念进行重复描述。因此上
下文中和正确选项中可能会复现原词、同根词、同义词、
近义词、反义词等。
近义词
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
近义词
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
55 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,…
a
A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
代词
代 词
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的人、物、事或整句既念。凡在选项中或空格前后遇到代词，就需要考虑该代词指代上下文中的什么内容，代入选项后上下文意义是否通顺并合乎逻辑。
代词中需要特别注意人称代词、指示代、不定代词以及代词所指代的名词的单复数与代词的对应。
六选五阅读中常见的代词有： it , one , that ,they / them , this / that , these / those , everyone , everybody , each , both , all , many 等．
1
同词重复
2
代词
Key words 关键词
2
近义词
______ .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control
of their temper.
E
Let's practice
D. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.
E. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.
C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it
easier for you to understand and remember it.
___64___. Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
顺承关系
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
A. You must write your notes on separate paper.
顺承或顺序
顺承或顺序关系：上下文按照时间、空间、事理或逻辑上的
顺序表达连续的动作或相关情况。标志词有： at first , at last , finally ,
first , firstly , last , later ,next , second , then 等。
因果关系
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
因果关系
主要指前后的句子有着前因后果或者前果后因等关
系。表示因关系的标志词有：so , as a result, so ... that , because 等。
_65____ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India.
A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.
B. Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the USA.
转折关系
转折关系
转折对比关系：主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。表示转折关系的标志词有： but , however , though ,
although 等。
。
解释关系
（德阳市2021年初中学业水平考试真题）
解释例证关系
解释例证关系：前后的某句为了证明另一句而举的例子或具体解释说
明。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳（从例子到观点）
和推理从（观点到例子）。常见的表示例证关系的标志词有：
for example , in other words等。
1
顺承关系
2
因果关系
3
4
Logical relationship
逻辑关系
转折关系
解释关系
（Task one)
同词重复
解释关系
同词重复
同词重复
同词重复
1.读文章标题或首段，判断文体并预测内容;
2.浏览选项，画出关键词;
3.跳读小标题或各段首句，把握文章结构;
4.细读全文，运用衔接理论相关的解题技巧选出选项;
5.回读全文，核实答案。
六选五解题步骤
总结
课后练习提高
It is said that Chinese people have “one thousand” ways to cook vegetables. In fact, Chinese people don’t just love cooking delicious vegetable dishes. 1 Chinese people have grown vegetables in their backyards for centuries. Now, they have also grown them in the Antarctic, and even in space! Why do they have deep love of vegetables Here are some reasons.
●Suitable natural conditions are necessary.
China has so much land, 9.6 million square kilometers. 2 Many places have the light, soil and water that vegetables need.
●Eating and planting vegetables has a long history.
Most of today’s vegetables were once wild plants. Chinese people started to eat and plant them quite early. The Book of Songs (《诗经》), written 2,500 years ago, mentions vegetables. 3 Potatoes, peppers and tomatoes were all from other places, but Chinese people planted them, making them common vegetables in China.
● 4
In ancient times, poet Tao Yuanming lived in the countryside and did farm work. This surely included planting vegetables. He loved this peaceful life away from the royal court (朝堂). 5 Planting vegetables is a good way to get away from the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘) of city life.
A．They also love planting vegetables.
B．Planting vegetables is an enjoyable job.
C．And now, many videos of country life are popular.
D．Chinese people were also open to foreign vegetables.
E．Its natural environment is good for growing vegetables.
F．Chinese believe eating vegetables is good for their health.
(一)
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国人喜欢种蔬菜的原因和中国种蔬菜的历史。
1．根据“In fact, Chinese people don’t just love cooking delicious vegetable dishes.”和“Chinese people have grown vegetables in their backyards for centuries.”可知，事实上，中国人不仅仅喜欢做美味的蔬菜，还热衷于种菜；A项“他们也喜欢种植蔬菜。”符合，故选A。
2．根据“China has so much land, 9.6 million square kilometers.”和“Many places have the light, soil and water that vegetables need.”可知，中国幅员辽阔，许多地方都有蔬菜所需的光、土壤和水。由此推知中国的自然环境适合种植蔬菜；E项“它的自然环境适合种植蔬菜。”符合，故选E。
3．根据“Potatoes, peppers and tomatoes were all from other places, but Chinese people planted them”可知，中国很早就开始种植外来蔬菜，如土豆、辣椒和西红柿等；D项“中国人也对外国蔬菜持开放态度。”符合，故选D。
4．根据“This surely included planting vegetables. He loved this peaceful life away from the royal court (朝堂). ”可知，在古代，种植蔬菜不仅仅是种菜，也是一种远离庙堂宁静的生活方式；B项“种菜是一项令人愉快的工作。”符合，故选B。
5．根据“Planting vegetables is a good way to get away from the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘) of city life.”可知，种菜是远离城市生活喧嚣的好方法，这是许多乡村生活视频得以流行的原因；C项“现在，很多关于乡村生活的视频很受欢迎。”符合，故选C。
答案分析
(二)
Question:
In ancient China, willow branches (柳树枝) were often used as a parting gift between friends and family members. 6
Answer:
One reason is that willow trees are strong. 7 Because of this unique (独特的) feature, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them you hope they will easily adapt to their new living environment.
Meanwhile, in Mandarin, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu (柳)” is similar to the character “liu (留)”, which means asking someone to stay — only the tones (声调) are different. 8 Even though we know that they must leave, we still do like that.
9 At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and handed willow branches to departing (离开的) people.
10 In The Book of Poetry, there is the line “When I left there, willows shed tears.” At the time of the Tang and Song dynasties, such poems were common as traveling was easy and poets felt the sorrow of separation. For example, Wang Wei wrote “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green,” in his famous poem A Fond Farewell to a Friend.
A．They can survive in any soil, wet or dry, north or south.
B．When the willow leaves become dark green, spring is gone.
C．It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty.
D．Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of farewell (告别)
E．So offering a willow branch is like asking the other party (对方) to stay.
F．Willow branches, as a symbol of farewell, are often mentioned in poems.
【导语】本文主要讲述了在中国古代，柳树枝经常被作为礼物赠送给朋友和家庭成员的几个原因。
6．根据第二段第一句“One reason is that willow trees are strong.”可推测，空白处是问柳树枝作为礼物赠送的原因，选项D“你知道为什么柳树枝作为告别的象征吗？”符合语境。故选D。
7．根据第二段第三句“Because of... they will easily adapt to their new living environment.”可推测出，柳枝的适应能力比较强，选项A“他们能够在任何土壤中生存，不管是湿的还是干燥的，北方还是南方。”符合语境。故选A。
8．根据第三段第一句“ the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu (柳)” is similar to the character “liu (留)”, which means asking someone to stay — only the tones (声调) are different. ”可知柳树枝有代表希望对方留下来的意思，选项E“所以提供柳树枝就是想要对方留下来。”符合语境。故选E。
9．根据后文“At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was a common place to say goodbye.”可知，上一句是说明哪个时期流行这种习俗，选项C“据说这种习俗在汉朝期间变得很受欢迎”符合语境。故选C。
10．根据后文“In The Book of Poetry ”可知，上一句表达在诗歌中常被提及，选项F“柳树枝，作为一种告别的象征，经常在诗歌中被提及”符合语境。故选F。
答案分析
(三)
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar. This day is always the first full moon in the new year. 11
Celebrations and traditions on this day began from the Han Dynasty and became popular in the Tang Dynasty. 12 Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees, or along river banks on show. It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble. Today, when the lanterns slowly rise into the air, people make wishes. 13 The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous.
14 In northern China, they are called Yuan Xiao, while in Southern China they’re named Tangyuan. Sweet dumplings are usually made happily by a group of friends or family members. 15 Watching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other. A line from Xin Qiji, a poet during the Song Dynasty, shows this: Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd. Suddenly I turned, and there she stood, in the dim (暗淡的) light.
A．Watching the lanterns is one of the main traditions.
B．The most important thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes.
C．In old times, the Lantern Festival was also romantic (浪漫的).
D．Ancient people also called it Shangyuan Festival.
E．Another tradition is guessing lantern riddles.
F．Celebrations usually last for a few days.
答案分析
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我国传统节日元宵节的风俗习惯。
11．根据“The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar. This day is always the first full moon in the new year.”可知，元宵节是农历的第一个月的第十五，这一天总是新年的第一个满月。此处介绍元宵节的相关信息，选项D“古人也称它为上元节”符合语境，故选D。
12．根据“Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees, or along river banks on show.”可知，此处介绍元宵节看灯笼，选项A“看灯笼是主要的传统之一”符合语境，故选A。
13．根据“The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous.”可知，此处介绍猜灯谜，选项E“另一个传统是猜灯谜”符合语境，故选E。
14．根据“ In northern China, they are called Yuan Xiao, while in Southern China they’re named Tangyuan.”可知，此处介绍吃元宵或汤圆，选项B“最重要的是要吃到不同口味的汤圆”符合语境，故选B。
15．根据“Watching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other.”可知，看花灯给了年轻人一个见面的机会，选项C“在旧时期，元宵节也浪漫”符合语境，故选C。
Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens or those who have nice cars and a lot of money . Why 16
In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. 17 When you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health. When you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. When you help others, you will have a strong feeling of satisfaction and happiness, too. 18 If you notice a bit of them, you can see that happiness is always around you.
19 It is a feeling of your heart. When you are poor, you can also say you are happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. As the saying goes, “Life is like a revolving（旋转）door. 20 ”
If you take every chance you get, you will be a happy and lucky person.
(四)
A．Happiness is not the same as money.
B．When it closes, it also opens.
C．All of these are your happiness.
D．Because those rich people can also feel lonely and nervous.
E．When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you.
F．If you have enough money, you will be happy.
答案分析
【分析】文章介绍了幸福的定义，以及我们身边的一些幸福以及幸福与金钱的关系等。
16．根据“You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens or those who have nice cars and a lot of money . Why ”可知，此处应该是回答为什么不需要关注那些有漂亮房子和大花园的人，给出原因，选项D“因为那些有钱人也会感到孤独和紧张。”符合，故选D。
17．根据“In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it.”可知，此处应该是说身边的幸福，结合“When you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health.”可知，此处应该是说在学校的时候的情况，选项E“当你在学校遇到困难时，你的朋友会帮助你。”符合，故选E。
18．根据“In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it...you will have a strong feeling of satisfaction and happiness, too.”可知，此处是总结上述提到的都是你身边的幸福，选项C“所有这些都是你的幸福。”符合，故选C。
19．根据“When you are poor, you can also say you are happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money.”可知，这里应该是说幸福与金钱的关系，选项A“幸福不等于金钱。”符合，故选A。
20．根据“Life is like a revolving（旋转）door.”可知，此处应该是继续解释上句的这句话，与旋转门有关，选项B“当它关闭时，它也会打开。”符合，故选B