Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A 知识清单及练习（含答案）人教版（2024）八年级英语下册

Unit 1 Time to Relax
Section A Why are free-time activities important？知识点
一、单元词汇
单词 Section A1. n. 书法2. v. 滑雪3. n. 程序，节目，项目 v.编写程序4. v. 表达，表示5. n. 教练，指导者6. adj. 害怕的，对......感到惊慌的7. n.＆ v. 害怕，担忧8. n. 诗9. adj. 单个的，单身的10. n. 笔画，击球11. n. 墨水12. n.＆ v. 回来，归还13. n. 交易，协议 v. 对付 过去式： 14. v. 完成困难的事，管理15. n. 功夫16. v. 督促，推17. pron. 我自己18. n.＆v. 闲聊19. n. 出外游玩，远足
短语 Section A1. 吹笛子2. 在你空闲时间3. 休闲活动，空闲活动4. 搭建一个应用程序5. 进行锻炼6. 去溜冰，去滑冰7. 从一开始 8. 过去，曾经 9. 害怕10. 鼓励某人做某事11. 克服困难，解决问题12. 在.....前面13. 正在做，由某人决定14. 放弃15. 写书法，练书法16 作为回报17. 在.....和.....之间18. 举一个例子19. 开始做某事，进入20. 决定做某事21. 玩的开心22. 偶尔地，间或23. 对自己要求太高，逼迫自己太紧24. 看功夫电影25. 听音乐26. 担忧，担心27. 全家外出游玩
二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲
Section A
【考点1】How do you spend your free time？
【解析】
（1）spend的用法，做动词，花费（时间，钱），度过（时间）过去式：
①spend sth（时间或钱） on sth 在...上花费....
She spent 10 dollars on a dress. 她花10美元买了一条新裙子。
How long did you spend on your homework？你做家庭作业用来多长时间？
② spend sth.（时间或钱）（in）doings sth 花费...做某事
She spent a lot of time travelling. 她花大量时间旅行
辨析：spend，cost，pay，take 做“花费”的意思区分
spend 过去式： 花费时间和金钱，主语通常为人，常用搭配：spend...on... 和 spend....（in）doing ....
cost 过去式： 花费金钱或值多少钱，主语通常是物，常用搭配：sth cost （sb）+金钱The meal cost us about 10 dollars. 这顿饭花了我们10美元
pay 过去式： 主语通常为人，花费金钱，常用搭配：pay for sthI will pay for the tickets 我来付票钱
take 过去式： 花费时间，常用搭配：It takes sb.+时间to do sthIt took me an hour to finish my homework.
（2）free 做形容词
①空闲的，常见搭配：in one’s free time 在某人空闲时间的时候
②自由的，不受约束和限制的 After five years in prison she was finally free.
做了五年牢，终于自由了。
③免费的，不收费的 We got some free tickets. 我们得到了些免费票。
【拓展】还可做动词，使自由，释放 to free a bird 释放一只鸟
【考点2】go + 动词ing形式的短语，意思：去做....
go hiking 去徒步旅行 go skiing 去滑雪 go ice skating 去溜冰
go shopping 去购物 go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳
go camping 去露营 go boating 去划船 go climbing 去爬山
【考点3.】Fu Xing told Emma that no one expected her to from the start.
【解析】
expect 动词，过去式：
①预料（某事会发生），预计，expect+名词或代词
We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.我们预计这个月食物价格要上升。
②要求，指望，希望
expect to do sth 希望做某事，指望做某事
You can not expect to learn a foreign language in a few months. 不要指望几个月内就学会一门外语。
I expected to be paid promptly for the work. 我希望立即得到工资。
expect sb/sth to do sth 期望某人做某事，指望某人做某事
We were expecting him to arrive yesterday 我们盼望着他昨天到达。
They expected all her children to succeed. 他们期望他们的所有孩子成功。
【拓展】名词形式：expectation/expectancy
【考点4】Fu Xing used to be scared of water
【解析】
(1)used to do sth过去常常做某事，曾经，强调过去的习惯性动作和状态，与现在做对比。
There used to be a park here. 这里曾经有个公园。
I used to be afraid of dogs，but now I like them. 我以前怕狗，但现在很喜欢。
结构对比 含义 例句
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不做） He used to play football.（他过去常踢足球。）
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 He is used to playing football.（他习惯踢足球。）
（2）scared 形容词，害怕的，恐惧的，对...感到恐慌的
①be scared of sth/doing sth 害怕....，害怕做....
She is scared of going out alone. 她害怕独自外出。
He is scared of heights. 他恐高。
②be scared to do sth 害怕做...
People are scared to use the buses late at night. 人们害怕在深夜做公交车
③ be scared that +句子 害怕..., 担心...
I am scared （that）I am going to fall. 我担心自己快掉下去了
【考点5】But I was afraid to sing in front of others at first.
【解析】
（1）afraid 形容词 害怕，畏惧
①be afraid of sth/doing sth 害怕....， 害怕做....
Are you afraid of spiders？ 你害怕蜘蛛吗？
She was afraid of making her mother angry.她害怕让她母亲生气。
②be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
Don’t be afraid to ask if you don’t understand
③be afraid that 害怕....
She was afraid that he would be angry. 她害怕他会生气
（2）in front of 在...前面，指一个物体在另一个物体外部的前面。
There is a tree in front of the building. 大楼前面有棵树。.
in the front of 在....前面，指一个物体在另一个物体内部的前面
Our teacher usually stands in the front of classroom to give lessons. 老师常常站在教室的前面讲课
【考点6】It is difficult，but he always encourages me not to give up.
【解析】
（1）encourage 动词，支持，鼓励，激励，鼓动，怂恿
①encourage sb. in sth 在某方面鼓励某人
Don not encourage him in laziness. 不要助长他的懒惰。
②encourage sb. to do sth
Teachers should encourage students to think independently.(老师应该鼓励学生独立思考。)
③encourage doing sth. 鼓励做某事
The policy aims to encourage recycling.(该政策旨在鼓励回收利用。)
【拓展】
名词形式：encouragement
With a little encouragement from his parents he should well. 只要父母给点鼓励，他应该做的更好。
形容词形式: encouraging 令人鼓舞的 The rusulte are encouraging 结果令人鼓舞。
give up 放弃，认输
Don’t give up. 别放弃
He gave up his job. 他放弃了他的工作
give up doing sth 放弃做某事
He gave up trying 他放弃了尝试
【考点7】How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult？
【解析】
manage 动词
①经营，管理，负责，控制
Their elder son managed the farm. 他们的大儿子管理农场。
It takes a lot of skill to manage such a large project. （管理如此大的一个项目需要很多技巧。）
②完成（困难的事情），勉力完成，设法做到
manage to do sth 设法做成某事，成功做某事
We managed to get to the airport on time我么设法及时赶到了机场。
How did you manage to find us here？你如何在这里找到我们的？
③ 应付、使用
The suitcase was too heavy, but I managed it somehow. （箱子太重了，但我还是想办法搬动了。）
Can you manage another slice of cake （你还能再吃下一块蛋糕吗？）
【拓展】
management 名词，管理；管理部门；经营技巧
time management 时间管理
manager 名词，经理；管理者
a bank manager 银行经理
manageable 形容词，可管理的；能应付的
The task is large but manageable.（任务很重，但可以应付。）
【考点8】Thank you for advice.
【解析】
advice 不可数名词 建议，劝告，意见
advice on sth 关于...的建议，
Ask your teacher for advice on how to prepare for the exam. 向你的老师询问关于准备考试的建议
Let me give you some advice. 让我给你点建议。
【拓展】advise 动词，劝告，忠告，建议 过去式：advised
①advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做某事
I advised him to go home 我建议他回家。
②advise doing sth 建议做某事
I’d advise buying your tickets in advance. 我建议提前买票。
③advise against sth/doing sth 建议不去做...
I would strongly advise against going out on your own. 我强烈建议你不要单独外出。
【考点9】I love to watch kung fu movies to relax.
【解析】
作动词，过去式：relaxed
①放松，休息，不及物动词，无宾语
I usually relax for 10 minutes after finishing homework.（我通常写完作业后休息 10 分钟。）
She relaxes by listening to light music every evening.（她每天晚上听轻音乐放②及物动词（带宾语）：使（某人 / 某物）放松；缓解
Reading comic books relaxes me when I’m sad.（我难过时，看漫画书能让我放松。）
② Doing yoga can relax your body and mind.（做瑜伽能放松你的身心。）
派生词用法
1. 形容词 relaxed（修饰人，表 “感到放松的”）
常见结构：be relaxed + (about sth.) /feel relaxed
She is relaxed about the result because she tried her best.（她对结果很坦然，因为她已经尽力了。）
2.形容词 relaxing（修饰物 / 事，表 “令人放松的”）
结构：a relaxing + 名词（物 / 事）/ 系动词 + relaxing
It’s a relaxing trip to the countryside—we enjoyed the fresh air.（去乡下的旅行很令人放松，我们享受了新鲜空气。）
② Listening to birds singing is a relaxing activity.（听鸟叫是一项放松的活动。）
3.名词 relaxation（表 “放松；休闲”）
结构：need relaxation /have relaxation /a way of relaxation
Reading is a good way of relaxation for students.（阅读对学生来说是一种很好的休闲方式。）
三 单元语法聚焦
动词不定式
动词不定式的构成: to+动词原形
没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语。
2 动词不定式的用法
具有名词，形容词和副词的特性，因此可在句子中做主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语和状语（重点目的状语）等。
句法作用 例句
做主语 To travel around the word is my dream.It is my dream to travle around the world.
做宾语 Do you want to visit the Great Wall？很多词如want，decide，plan，hope等要跟动词不定式作宾语，
做宾语补足语 My teacher told me to practice speaking English every day.ask sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth. want sb to sth. see sb do sth.等中的不定式即作宾语补足语。
作目的状语 What do you do to pass the time？To improve my English, I listen to English songs every day.
作定语 相当于形容词，I have a lot of homework to do.
3.动词不定式的否定式
由“not +动词不定式” 构成，如
Try not to make any noise when you eat.
The book taught me not to give up or doubt yourself
4.疑问词+不定式结构
动词不定式可以于疑问词what，which，where，when，how等连用。
I don't know how to use the computer.
The tour guide will tell you where to go next.
5.不带to的动词不定式
主要由两大类：
一类感官动词: see ，hear，watch，feel，notice等，强调动作的过程。
He heard someone walk down the stairs.
I saw her walk into the classroom
二类使役动词:let，make，have等,表示：让....做...
If you have any questions，please let me know.
The teacher made him stand up.
过关检测
一.单项选择
1.--- What do you do in your free time？
--- I like to _____ an app for English-learning
create B. chat C. miss D. relax
2.---- Don’t spend too much _____ television, Mary.
---Sorry.Mom. I will do my homework first.
A watch B watching C to watch D watched
3.The book helped me _____ my fear of dogs.
A get over B get off C get up D get on
4.---Do you know _____ to go next week
--- Yes,we will go to the park for a picnic.
A how B where C when D what
5 .My teacher told me _____ in a river. It is dangerous.
to swim B．not swim C．not to swim D not swimming
6.I found it hard to _____ what I felt about her.
A chat B push C fear D express
7.The TV program gave me some good _____ on traveling abroad.
A advice B advices D advise D suggestion
8.His mother_____ him,because he can not take care of himself.
A is worried about B is glad to C worry about D is scared of
9. He got up early every morning ________ the first bus for work.
A. to catch B. catching C. so that D. catches
10.--- I’ll help you fix your car this weekend if you help me with my garden next week.
--- Sure, that sounds fair.________!
A It is a lot B It’s a deal C What is the deal D You are welcome
二 单词填空
1.He _______(推）his chair and stood up to walk towards the door.
2.The box was heavy but she m______(设法完成）to carry it to the car.
3. I waited a long time for him to _____(回来）.
4.I could not understand a _____(单个的）word she said.
5. He wrote many ____(诗）about the beauty of nature.
6. Are you s____(害怕的）of dark？
His father is a driving i_____(教练）.
They plan to go _____(滑雪）this weekend..
My kids spend hours_____(聊天）on the phone to their friends.
You should run a p____(程序）first to finish the task.
完形填空
One day, Peter had a fight with one of his classmates. Then he went to his grandfather and told him his story 1 .“He is really bad，”the boy said, “and I 2 him.”
The grandfather said,“ 3 me tell you a story. When I was a boy, I too, sometimes hated others for what they did.”
As Peter 4 carefully, the grandfather went on.“There are always two tigers inside my heart. One is 5 and kind. He gets on well 6 everything around him. But 7 is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He fights with everyone all the time, and for no reason. He can’t think carefully 8 he always hates others. It is difficult to live with these two tigers inside my heart. They both try to control me.”
Peter looked into his grandfather’s 9 and asked,“ 10 tiger always controls you, Grandfather ”
The old man said slowly and seriously,“The one that I feed. I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now.”
1.A.happily B. friendly C. hardly D. angrily
2.A.love B. hate C. know D. enjoy
3.A.Make B. Help C. Let D Ask
4.A.saw B. felt C. talked D. listened
5.A.good B. bad C. lazy D. quiet
6.A.at B. on C. with D. about
7.A.other B. others C. another D. the other
8.A.because B. though C. before D. but
9.A.eyes B. ears C. nose D. mouth
10.A.Who B. Which C. Where D. When
三. 阅读理解
A
A day of events to raise money to help save our pandas
Date: July 5, 2025
Time: 9:30 a.m.—5:00 p.m.
Place: Bluebell Primary School, 15 Purple Road, Hangzhou
Time Event
9:30 a.m. Welcome speech（演讲）—Mr. Smith (school headmaster)Talk about pandas—Anna Lee (SOA—Save Our Animals)Ms. Lee will show photos and talk about her work with pandas in Sichuan, China.
9:40 a.m. Panda art competition（竞赛）It’s sponsored（赞助）by The Big Green Art Shop.
10:35 a.m. ▲ Grades 1 and 2—Animal dancesGrades 3 and 4—Songs about animalsGrades 5 and 6—Poems（诗歌）about animalsSpeech by Mark King (winner of the Hangzhou Schools Speaking Competition)
10:50 a.m. Black and white fashion（时尚）show—dress like a panda!Watch our pupils model black and white clothes. The clothes are made of the organic material（有机材料）. All clothes are available to buy. Clothes are provided by Eco-wear.
11:50 a.m. Closing speech, prize-giving ceremony
( ) 1. Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ”
A. Sports games B. Different shows
C. A surprise party D. A speech
( ) 2. What do we know about Eco-wear from the text
A. It’s a store that makes clothes only for pandas.
B. It’s a clothes store of Save Our Animals.
C. It has organized these events to save pandas.
D. It’s a clothes store that provides clothes for the fashion show.
( ) 3. Match the opening hours with the events and choose the right answer.
a. Enjoy the black and white fashion show. ①9:30 a.m.
b. Listen to a talk about pandas. ②9:40 a.m.
c. Sing songs about animals. ③10:35 a.m.
d. Take part in the art competition. ④10:50 a.m.
A. ①－d; ②－b; ③－c; ④－a
B. ①－b; ②－d; ③－a; ④－c
C. ①－b; ②－d; ③－c; ④－a
D. ①－d; ②－b; ③－a; ④－c
B
Indonesia is my mother's homeland and one of my favorite countries. Since I was young, I had learned a lot about the country and become interested in it. For a long time I had wanted to do something for the country and people there, and I thought volunteering(做志愿者) would be a good and fun way to do so.
I received the greatest pleasure from being with the children
Teaching my first English class in Aceh was exciting but I was rather nervous. As time passed by, I learned how to be a better teacher. Teaching was actually the most enjoyable of my many responsibilities(责任).
Many children were shy at first. But when they relaxed, they would start talking and telling you a lot of funny things. I believe we were helping them build up their confidence.
For the children who are more in need, The Education Program(TEP) will collect donations(募捐) to help them.
As a volunteer, I had to visit the TEP children at home once a month and help them write a thank-you letter to their sponsors. This was a way for the children to communicate with their sponsors. Sometimes the sponsors would write back to the children. Seeing the children's happy faces, I had a great sense of pleasure.
4. The writer believed volunteering would be a good way to .
A. play outdoors B. get the greatest pleasure
C. learn more about Indonesia D. do something for Indonesia
5. The writer felt when he gave his first class.
A. relaxed B. nervous C. unhappy D. uncomfortable
6. The writer visited the TEP children .
A. to help them write a thank-you letter B. to play with them
C. to help them with their study D. to help them build up their confidence
7. The underlined word "sponsors" means " ".
A. 领导 B. 发起者 C. 亲戚 D. 资助者
8. According to the passage, which of the following is true
A. When I was young, I want to be a teacher.
B. I learned how to be a better teacher at first.
C. I learned a lot from my experience as a volunteer.
D. The children in the poor area were brave and easy to talk to.
参考答案
短语
1 play the flute 2 in your free time 3 free-time activities 4 create an app
5 get some exercise 6 go ice skating 7 from the start 8 used to 9 be scared of
10 encourage sb. to do sth. 11 get over 12 in front of 13 up to 14 give up
15 do calligraphy16 in return17 between.....and......18 give an example19 get into
20 decide to do sth.21 have fun22 once in a while
23 push myself too hard24 watch kung fu movie25 listen to music
26 be worried about27 go on a family outing
过关检测
一 单项选择
1-5 ABABC 6-10 DAAAB
二 单词填空
1 pushed 2 managed 3.return 4.single 5 poems 6 scared 7 instructor 8.skiing 9 chatting
10 program
三 完型填空
1-5 DBCDA 6-10 CDAAB
四 阅读理解
A 篇 1-3 BDC
B篇 4-8 DBADC